The tundra is an arctic biome characterized by cold temperatures and permafrost. It has a short growing season and sparse vegetation like dwarf shrubs, sedges, and wildflowers. Animal life includes caribou, Arctic foxes, and birds. There are two types of tundra: Arctic tundra located around the polar regions and alpine tundra found at high elevations. Permafrost and low precipitation limit plant growth in the tundra.