Transgenic fish, or genetically modified fish, are created through genetic engineering to introduce new traits, with FDA approval for some varieties. Techniques such as cisgenesis and transgenesis are used for gene transfer, often employing vectors or microinjection methods. Various fish species, including salmon and ornamental types like rainbow zebrafish, have been genetically engineered since the early 1980s.

1. TRNASGENIC FISH
BY Sreeremya.s

2. TRANSGENIC FISH
• Transgenic fish or genetically modified
fish(GM fish) are genetically modified
organism. The DNA of the fish is modified
using genetic engineering techniques.
• Aim is to introduce a new trait to fish
• GM fish has been approved by FDA

3. • Generally genetic modification entails
manipulation of DNA . The process is known as
cisgenesis when a gene is transferred
between organisms that could be
conventionally bred , or transgenesis when a
gene from one species is added to a different
species. Gene transfer in to the genome of the
desired organism ,as for fish in this case ,

4. requires a vector like lentivirusor mechanical
/ physical insertion of the altered genes
into the nucleus of the host by means of
amicro syringe or a gene gun.
The first recorded instance of
transgenic fish being created date from the
early 1980 s. As of 2003, over species had

5. been genetically engineered in research
laboratories

6. TYPES
• SALMON:
It belongs to salmonidae family,includes
salmon and trout.
• spawn lives in fresh water and matured ones
are in sea ,this life style is anadromous
• Predators - feed on small crustaceans,aquatic
insects and smaller fish

7. • GM atlantic

8. • Species of interest
Transgenic fish have been produced for numerous species
of fish including non-commercialmodel species such as the
loach, Misgurnus anguilIicaudtis medaka,
• Oryzias latipes, topminnows and zebrafish, although have
developed transgenic rainbow zebrafish for the ornamental
fish industry. Several experiments have evaluated
transgenic farmed fish species including goldfish common
carp,silver carp, mud loach, rainbow trout Atlantic salmon,
coho salmon,chinook salmon, channel catfish and Nile
tilapia
• Additionally, gene transfer has been accomplished in some
fishes majorly in salmon, zebra fish

10. • Microinjection refers to the process of using a
glass micropipette to inject a liquid substance
at a microscopic or borderline macroscopic
level. The target is often a living cell but may
also include intercellular space.