Tourism and Transportation are inextricably linked. As world tourism increases, additional demands will be placed on the transportation sectors.
Source: C. Goeldner, Z. Cruz
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This chapter tackles about the historical milestones of the tourism industry. It also discusses the important historical events in the development of tourism in the Philippines.
This presentation covers (1) Social impact of tourism; (2) Effects of globalization on tourism development; (3) Sex tourism and exploitation of women; and (4) Trends and issues shaping tourism and hospitality development.
Micro Perspective on Tourism and Hospitality IndustryRubie Clavel
This course will cover the workings, operations and the integrative activities of major stakeholders in the Tourism and Hospitality Industry. The student will also gain knowledge on managing and marketing a service-oriented business organization. Apart from the scope and structure of travel organizations and planning of specific business of the nature and distinctive characteristics of each sector of the entire tourism industry, focusing on management, organization and planning of specific business strategies for the various entities in the local setting. This will also involve the analysis of the possible impacts of external factors and trends on the different tourism industry sectors and specific types of business. It will also look into client profiling such as travel motivations and influences as it relates to aligning strategic and tactical solutions to the business. The course also identifies the employment opportunities available in each sector and the corresponding qualifications for the jobs.
A commentary on the various aspects of tourism geography cutting across the dimensions of physical geography, cultural geography and Human Geography. Also a narration on the physical dimensions of the world and the seasonal features.
This chapter tackles about the historical milestones of the tourism industry. It also discusses the important historical events in the development of tourism in the Philippines.
This presentation covers (1) Social impact of tourism; (2) Effects of globalization on tourism development; (3) Sex tourism and exploitation of women; and (4) Trends and issues shaping tourism and hospitality development.
Micro Perspective on Tourism and Hospitality IndustryRubie Clavel
This course will cover the workings, operations and the integrative activities of major stakeholders in the Tourism and Hospitality Industry. The student will also gain knowledge on managing and marketing a service-oriented business organization. Apart from the scope and structure of travel organizations and planning of specific business of the nature and distinctive characteristics of each sector of the entire tourism industry, focusing on management, organization and planning of specific business strategies for the various entities in the local setting. This will also involve the analysis of the possible impacts of external factors and trends on the different tourism industry sectors and specific types of business. It will also look into client profiling such as travel motivations and influences as it relates to aligning strategic and tactical solutions to the business. The course also identifies the employment opportunities available in each sector and the corresponding qualifications for the jobs.
A commentary on the various aspects of tourism geography cutting across the dimensions of physical geography, cultural geography and Human Geography. Also a narration on the physical dimensions of the world and the seasonal features.
Differentiate the difference among direct, indirect, induced, and dynamic impacts of tourism on the economy;Identify the positive and negative impacts of tourism on the economy.
Differentiate the difference among direct, indirect, induced, and dynamic impacts of tourism on the economy;Identify the positive and negative impacts of tourism on the economy.
Advertisement Creative strategy & creative tactics & formatsNijaz N
A creative strategy defines the important strategic choices required to develop a marketing message.
The creative strategy (often called a copy or advertising strategy) defines what you will say about your product or service.
It explains how you want consumers to think about your Brand.
International Trade Logistics - Transportation.pptxDiksha Vashisht
Transport and distribution have an important role in international trade. It is necessary for companies to choose the right method of transport to ensure their packages to be efficient and cost-effective. There are various factors that will influence company’s decision on which type of transport to use. These factors can be about business’ requirements, destination country, and the type of goods.
Road, sea, rail and air are four ways of import and export. As a first step the company has to consider all part of their project:
Firstly, it is important what has to be distributed including size, weight and which type of goods. For example, for the transportation of foods or fruits, speed is important and it’s important to choose the shortest and quickest way
Sending cost is another element very important
Destination countries’ law, value of goods, risk of transport are other elements to be considered and depend on company, country of destination and customers’ requirements
So who wants to deal with international transportation has to balance quality, cost, time and conditions.
Chapter 13
Multimodal Transportation
Multimodal Transportation
Truck Transportation
Rail Transportation
Intermodal Transportation
Freight Forwarders
Project Cargo
Other Means of Transportation
Truck Transportation
In many parts of the world, trucking is a vital way of shipping internationally.
In some areas of the world, it represents 100 percent of the international traffic.
In others, it is a lower percentage, but trucking is still a significant part of the international traffic volume.
Importantly, though, trucking is almost always the mode of transportation for the “first mile” and the “last mile” of a shipment’s itinerary.
Truck Transportation
The critical issues for a shipper using truck transportation are the many different national rules and regulations that govern truck transportation. These rules influence:
The weight that can be placed in the truck
The hours that the truck can operate
The size of the equipment that can be used
The number of hours a driver may work
The training that a driver must have
These differences make for very different trucking practices from country to country.
A European truck is limited to an overall length. The tractor is compact to allow for maximum trailer size.
North American trucks are limited by the size of the trailer, with no constraints on the size of the tractor.
Australian trucks have fewer limitations on the number of trailers, leading to the concept of “road-trains.”
North American trailers are carried over long distances by “piggy-back” trains.
In Switzerland, regulations do not allow international trucks to cross the country. They are transported by piggy-back trains from one border to the other.
In India, congested roads encourage truckers to use piggy-back trains on some routes.
In many developing countries, the maximum weight capacities of trucks are routinely exceeded.
Rail Transportation
Rail transportation is also an important mode of transportation for international shipments, although it is mostly a domestic mode for the United States.
Nevertheless, a significant amount of cargo moves by rail in the U.S. In 2012, more than 40 percent of all ton-miles shipped long-distance in the U.S. was shipped by rail.
Rail transport has an approximate 18 percent market share for international cargo movements in the European Union when measured in FTKs.
Rail Transportation
Rail transportation is dominated by three issues:
The ownership of the railroad, which can be private (the United States) or public (most of the remainder of the world).
The infrastructure, such as issues of gauge (width of the tracks), electrification, curves, maintenance, and so on, which dictates the types of goods shipped and the speed at which they are delivered.
The relationship between passenger traffic and merchandise traffic, and which has priority over the other. In the U.S., merchandise traffic has priority, in many other countries, it’s passenger traffic that has priority.
...
Definition, Dimensions, and Determinants of Tourism Impacts. Define impacts; enumerate and discuss the various dimensions of tourism impacts; enumerate and discuss the various determinants of tourism impacts.
Trivia about the Philippines. Source: www.itsmorefuninthephilippines.com, wwww.tourism.gov.ph
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The Map, Map Reading and Principles of Geography - World TourismCris dela Peña
Maps are the basic tools of the travel professional. Without them, it is next to impossible to locate cities or countries one may have never heard about. Bienvenido G. Claravall.
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Our Ooty honeymoon package from Chennai is a perfect escape for newlywed couples to celebrate their love and start their new life together. Our package offers a range of itineraries to cater to the diverse preferences of couples. From adventure activities to relaxing spa sessions, these packages are designed to provide the perfect balance between adventure and relaxation.
During the coldest months, Italy transforms into a winter wonderland, providing visitors with a very unique experience. From the Settimana Bianca ski event to the lively Carnevale celebrations, Italy's winter festivities provide something for everyone. Enjoy hot cocoa, eat hearty comfort foods, and buy during winter deals. Explore the country's rich cultural past by participating in Settimana Bianca, and Carnevale, sipping hot chocolate, shopping during winter deals, and indulging in winter comfort foods. Visit our website https://timeforsicily.com/ for more information.
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Europe, continent rich in history, culture, and natural beauty, is often synonymous with famous cities like Paris, Rome, and London. These iconic destinations attract millions of tourists every year, captivating them with their renowned landmarks, vibrant culture, and bustling urban life. However, beyond these well-trodden paths lie countless hidden gems waiting to be discovered. These lesser-known destinations offer unique experiences, authentic encounters, and breathtaking landscapes that often surpass the allure of their famous counterparts.
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Antarctica- Icy wilderness of extremes and wondertahreemzahra82
In this presentation, we delve into the captivating realm of Antarctica, Earth's southernmost continent. This icy wilderness stands as a testament to extremes, with record-breaking cold temperatures and vast expanses of pristine ice. Antarctica's landscape is dominated by towering glaciers, colossal icebergs, and expansive ice shelves. Yet, amidst this frozen expanse, a rich tapestry of unique wildlife thrives, including penguins, seals, and seabirds, all finely attuned to survive in this harsh environment. Beyond its natural wonders, Antarctica also serves as a vital hub for scientific exploration, providing invaluable insights into climate change and the Earth's history
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2. Transportation and Travel Evolution
Pre-Industrial Travel System Era
• This was the period before the
widespread industrialization in
Europe and North America.
• There were almost no regularly-scheduled
transportation services.
• There was little travel.
• Only few people had the money
and the reason to travel.
3. Transportation and Travel Evolution
Early-Industrial Travel System Era
• Road improvements such as railways,
cannals, and steamship services were
brought about due to rapid
industrialization and advances in
transportation technology.
• Common carriers came into existence
and began to offer regularly-scheduled
transportation services.
• Travel increased because more people
who had money to travel.
4. Transportation and Travel Evolution
Mature-Railway System Era
• This era was characterized by railway
by which expanded their operations by
running hotels and providing other
travel-related services.
• Travel agencies and tour companies
were formed.
• Thomas Cook, an innovator in this field
during this era, began his company’s
activities in the UK in 1840.
• More people traveled.
5. Transportation and Travel Evolution
Express-Travel System Era
• Express services increased.
• Trains and other forms of transportation
did not stop at every station or terminal
but only at the major ones.
• This increased the speed of travel and
encouraged more travel than before.
6. Transportation and Travel Evolution
Automobile-Based Travel System Era
• Car ownership boomed in North
America.
• Motorways, interstate highways, and
other trunk highways were developed
in the later half of this era which was
from 1920-1974.
• The automobile was predominant over
other travel modes from 1920-1945.
7. Transportation and Travel Evolution
Modern-Tourism Travel System Era
• The period from 1945-1974 is known as
the modern tourism system era.
• Car ownership continued to grow at a
fast rate, mainly at the expense of
long-distance rail travel.
• The introduction of wide-bodied jets in
1970 greatly increased air travel.
• The “mass tourism” philosophy and
marketing approaches were prevalent
during the 1950’s and 1960’s.
8. Transportation and Travel Evolution
Post-Mobility Adjustment Era
• This era began in 1973-1974 as a result
of the oil embargo generated by OPEC
and the resulting increase in fuel prices.
• The events of the energy crisis basically
changed the travel patterns
throughout the world.
• The present era is one in which travelers
continue to look to alternative, group-oriented
modes of transportation.
11. December 17, 1903 – at Kitty Hawk, North
Carolina, Orville and Wilbur Wright launched the
aviation age when Orville made the first
controlled, sustained flight in a motorized, heavier-than-
air craft.
12. definition
• Airline Industry is a system of transportation
• Part of Aviation Industry
• Moving people and goods
• Utilizing the airways
• One of the only true global business
13. type of airlines
• Scheduled (fixed routes and timings)
• Non-scheduled
• Passenger
• Cargo
• Passenger and Cargo
• Intercontinental
• International
• Domestic
14. Freedoms of the Air
• Freedoms of the air or traffic rights are
aviation agreements between two
countries which grant a country’s
airline(s) approval to enter and land in
another country’s airspace.
• Formulated as a result of
disagreements over the extent of
aviation liberalization in
the Convention on International Civil
Aviation of 1944, known as the
Chicago Convention.
15. Freedoms of the Air
FIRST FREEDOM:
The right of an airline to overfly one country to get to
another
16. Freedoms of the Air
SECOND FREEDOM:
The right of an airline to land in another country for a
technical stopover (fuel, maintenance, etc.) but does not
pick up or drop off traffic.
17. Freedoms of the Air
THIRD FREEDOM:
The right of an airline, registered in country X, to drop off
traffic from country X to country Y
18. Freedoms of the Air
FOURTH FREEDOM:
The right of an airline, registered in country X, to carry
traffic back to country X from country Y.
19. Freedoms of the Air
FIFTH FREEDOM:
The right of an airline, registered in country X, to collect
traffic in country Y and fly on to country Z, so long as the
flight either originates or terminates in country X.
20. Freedoms of the Air
SIXTH FREEDOM:
The right of an airline, registered in country X, to collect
traffic to a gateway—a point in country X—and then
abroad. The traffic has neither origin nor ultimate
destination in country X.
21. Freedoms of the Air
SEVENTH FREEDOM:
The right of an airline, registered in country X, to operate
entirely outside of country X in carrying traffic between
two other countries.
22. Freedoms of the Air
EIGHTH FREEDOM:
The right of an airline, registered in country X, to carry
traffic between any two points in the same foreign
country; also known as cabotage.
23. Freedoms of the Air
NINTH FREEDOM:
The right of an airline, registered in country X to carry
cabotage traffic of country Y on a service performed
entirely within the territory of country Y. That is a foreign
carrier operates domestic services.
24. Airline Deregulation
• is the process of removing government-imposed entry
and price restrictions on airlines affecting, in particular,
the carriers permitted to serve specific routes.
• In 1978, the U.S. congress passed the Airline
Deregulation Act of 1978 which provided for the
gradual phasing-out of the Civil Aeronautics Board
(CAB) and removed many of the regulations governing
air carrier routes and fares.
• A new form of regulation has been developed to some
extent to deal with problems such as the allocation of
the limited number of slots available at airports.
26. International Carriers
• CATHAY PACIFIC
• CHINA AIRLINES
• DELTA AIR
• DRAGON AIR
• EMIRATES AIRLINES
• ETIHAD
• JEJU AIR
27. International Carriers
• QATAR AIRWAYS
• ROYAL BRUNEI
• SINGAPORE AIRLINES
• THAI AIRWAYS
• UNITED AIRLINES
28. New Planes
• Airbus A380
is the largest
commercial airliner
ever designed. It has
twin decks and seats
555 passengers in the
typical three-class
configuration of
service.
29. New Planes
• Boeing 787 Dreamliner
is a long-range, mid-size
wide-body, twin-engine
jet airliner. Its
variants seat 210 to 335
passengers. It is Boeing's
most fuel-efficient airliner
and the world's first major
airliner to use composite
materials as the primary
material in the construction
of its airframe.
31. RAILWAYS
• Considered one of the earliest
modes of transportation.
• Serves as one of the major
transport services in many
countries.
– Includes: India, Japan, China
and South Korea.
– Widespread in European
countries
32. RAILWAYS
• To date, this mode of
transportation still attracts
travelers as they continue
to offer :
– Comfort
– Reasonable fares and;
– Less travel time
33. The Eurail
• The Eurail also known as the Eurorail
• One of the most extensive railway
systems in the world.
• Its major product, offers rail passes for
train travel all across Europe
34. The Eurail Passes
Types
• Global Pass:
– The Eurail Global Pass lets you visit 23
countries throughout Europe, and see
them in any order you like.
• Select Pass:
– Gives you flexibility to plan your trip, and
also comes with the most options.
– Can choose from 3, 4 or 5 bordering
countries and 5 up to 15 travel days.
35. The Eurail Passes
• Regional Pass:
– Combine two bordering countries.
– Offer the ability to concentrate your
European adventure within a specific
region.
• One Country Pass:
– The Eurail One Country Pass is for if you
want to spend your time exploring one
country or area.
– Valid for one month, and the number of
travel days available varies per country.
36. The Eurail Passes
• Unfortunately this service is not
available for everyone.
– Not available for residents of Europe, the
UK, Morocco, Turkey, or any of the
countries of the former Soviet Union.
– If you are a citizen of any of these
countries, but are a resident of the United
States, Caribbean, Mexico, Central
America or Canada, Eurorail are able to
sell the rail pass or tickets to you.
– Passes are based on residency not
citizenship, and the country of your
residence will be printed on the rail pass as
well as the names on the pass and on the
passport have to match.
37. Undersea Railway Tunnels
• Links two countries or areas that are
separated by bodies of water through an
undersea tunnel.
38. Undersea Railway Tunnels
• The Channel Tunnel
–Aka Chunnel; Euro tunnel
–Connects France and Britain
– Stretches around 49.89 kms
– The Longest Tunnel
underneath the sea.
–Consists of three tunnels. The
first 2 tubes serve rail traffic.
The third is an emergency
escape route.
39. Undersea Railway Tunnels
• The Seikan Tunnel
– Located in Japan
– The longest seabed
tunnel in the world.
– Passes by the Tsugaru
strait to the Honshu and
Hokkaido islands
40. Amtrak
• Amtrak is the marketing name for the
National Railroad Passenger Corporation
• Provides rail passenger transportation in the
major intercity markets of United States.
41. Amtrak
• Amtrak launched its Acela Express service
between Boston and Washington, D.C., in
December 2000 to serve the Northeast
Corridor.
• Passengers can enjoy high-speed rail
travelling at 150 miles per hour in modern
comfort.
42. High-Speed Rail
Shanghai Maglev Train
The Shanghai Maglev Train or Shanghai
Transrapid with an operational speed of
430km/hr and average speed of 251 km/hr is
a magnetic levitation train launched in
China in 2003.
43. High-Speed Rail
Shinkansen (Bullet Train)
Many would credit Japan with being the
inventor of the concept because in 1964, the
country launched the famous Shinkansen
with speed of 210 km/h.
44. High-Speed Rail
TGV (Train à Grande Vitesse)
A French high-speed train, TGV holds the
world record hitting a top speed of
574.8km/hr. However, its operational speed is
300-320 kmph.
46. Motorcoach
• is a type of bus used for conveying passengers
on excursions and on longer distance intercity
bus service between cities—or even between
countries.
47. Motorcoach
• Unlike transit buses designed for shorter
journeys, coaches often have a luggage
hold that is separate from the passenger
cabin and are normally equipped with
facilities required for longer trips, including
comfortable seats and sometimes a toilet
48. Executive Motorcoach
• Executive motor coaches offer a higher level of
comfort and luxury and are great for special
business and social occasions
• It is a mobile office, and a boardroom on wheels.
• An Executive bus may have a conference room,
galley, shower, and luxurious seating.
49. Executive Motorcoach
• An executive motor
coach is ideal for groups
of 5 to 20 traveling 300
to 400 miles.
• It is also a good option
for local outings, such
as corporate
meetings or transporting
wedding parties, when
you want a more
intimate setting for your
group.
50. Advantages of Motorcoach Travel
1. No driving
2. Hassle-free planning
3. Expertise of a Tour Guide
4. Socialize
5. Safety
6. It’s great for the
environment
52. The Automobile
• Most of the travel in the
world takes place in the
automobile.
• The real inventor of the
automobile was Car Benz,
of Mannheim, Germany.
• Brought decline of the
train’s popularity in most
developed countries.
• Auto travel is the most
inexpensive and
convenient form of travel.
53. The Automobile
• The growth of car
ownership necessitated
road improvements.
• Two important aspects of
automobile travel are:
- Car Rentals
- Recreational Vehicles
54. Rental Cars
• The car rental business is a
world-wide industry.
• Four countries dominate
the U.S. market with 85
percent market share.
• These are Hertz, Avis,
Budget, and National.
• Hertz is the airport market
leader.
55. Rental Cars
• Air travel is critical to the car rental business as
airport revenues account for much of overall
car rentals in the US.
• Hertz is the airport market leader with about
29 percent of the airport rental business.
56. Rental Cars
• Computerized navigation systems have come
to rental cars and are predicted to be a
growing attraction. Bookings over the internet
is increasing.
58. Sea Transportation
• Watercraft carrying people or goods. Sea
transport has been the largest carrier of freight
throughout recorded history.
• Can be over any distance by boat, ship, sailboat
or barge, over oceans and lakes, through canals
or along rivers.
59. Cruise Ship
• Vacation trip by ship.
• Travelling by water for purely recreational
purposes. This is a leisure vacation
experience with the ships staff doing all the
work.
• Is both a floating
hotel and resort.
• Provides
entertainment
• Opportunities to
socialize is one of its
major attractions.
61. Largest Cruise Liners
Carnival Corporation
• largest cruise liner
• a British-American
owned cruise line, based
in Doral, Florida, a suburb
of Miami in the United
States.
62. Largest Cruise Liners
Royal Caribbean International
• 2nd largest
• founded in Norway and
based in Miami, Florida in
the United States
• All ships under the Royal
Caribbean International
brand have had names
ending in "of the Seas" since
1991.
63. Largest Cruise Liners
Star Cruises
• 3rd largest
• dominates the Asia-Pacific
market and is owned
by Genting Hong Kong, who
also owns 28% of
the Norwegian Cruise Line.
64. Ship Size
Ships are sized in the following ways:
• Based on the number of staterooms;
• Based on the number of passengers it can
accommodate; and
• Based on the Gross Registered Tonnage (GRT)
65. Ship Size
NUMBER OF PAX GRT
Very Small Under 200 pax Under 10,000 GRT
Small 200-500 pax 10,000-20,000 GRT
Medium 500-1,200 pax 20,000-50,000 GRT
Large 1,200-2,000 pax 50,000-70,000 GRT
Megaship More than 2,000 pax 70,000 GRT or more
66. Largest Cruise Ships
Allure of the Seas
(Royal Caribbean International)
• 2010
• Gross Tonnage: 225,282 GT
• Length: 1,187 ft
• Staterooms: 2,706
• Passenger Capacity: 6,360
67. Largest Cruise Ships
Oasis of the Seas
(Royal Caribbean International)
• 2009
• Gross Tonnage: 225,282 GT
• Length: 1,187 ft
• Staterooms: 2,706
• Passenger Capacity: 6,360
69. Largest Cruise Ships
Freedom of the Seas
(Royal Caribbean International)
• 2006
• Gross Tonnage: 154,407 GT
• Length: 1,112 ft
• Staterooms: 1,817
• Passenger Capacity: 4,375
70. Largest Cruise Ships
Liberty of the Seas
(Royal Caribbean International)
• 2007
• Gross Tonnage: 154,407 GT
• Length: 1,112 ft
• Staterooms: 1,817
• Passenger Capacity: 4,375
71. Ships Facilities
There are three types of facilities:
1. Stateroom Space
2. Private Space
3. Public Space
72. Ships Facilities
Stateroom Space
• The cabin
• The ship’s equivalent to the
guest room of the hotel
• Has three types:
- Outside Staterooms
rooms that have windows
- Inside Staterooms
inside the ship’s interior,
have no windows
- Suites
most expensive
accommodation in a
ship
73. Ships Facilities
Private Space
• This includes the Bridge, the galley or
kitchen and the mechanical areas
• Mostly employees areas only.
74. Ships Facilities
Public Areas
• Where the passengers/guests
mingles
Public areas include the following:
• The Reception Area
• The Dining Room
• Alternative Dining Areas
• The Showroom
• The Pool Area
• The Health Club
• Medical Facilities
• Movie Theatre