Networking Cable is the medium through which information usually moves from one network device to
another. There are several types of cable which are commonly used with LANs. In some cases, a network
will utilize only one type of cable, other networks will use a variety of cable types. The type of cable
chosen for a network is related to the network's topology, protocol, and size. Understanding the
characteristics of different types of cable and how they relate to other aspects of a network is necessary
for the development of a successful network.
The document discusses different types of network cabling used in local area networks (LANs), including unshielded twisted pair (UTP), shielded twisted pair (STP), coaxial cable, and fiber optic cable. It describes the characteristics of each cable type and notes that the choice depends on the network's topology, protocol, and size. Wireless LANs are also discussed, along with their advantages of mobility and easy setup, and disadvantages of security issues, interference, and inconsistent connections compared to wired networks.
Lecture 3 network communication media and devicesAlbert Abbosey
The document discusses various types of network communication media and devices. It describes wired media like twisted pair cables, coaxial cable, and fiber optic cable. It also covers wireless media such as radio waves, microwaves, cellular networks, satellite communication, and infrared transmission. The document explains how these different media transmit data and their advantages and disadvantages. It also discusses common network devices that help transmit and direct data traffic, such as switches, routers, and network interface cards.
The document discusses network media and data transmissions. It describes different types of transmission media including guided/wired media like twisted pair cable, coaxial cable, and optical fiber cable. It also discusses unguided/wireless media like radio waves, microwaves, and infrared waves. It provides details on the components of data transmission including source, transmitter, transmission system, receiver, and destination. It also explains network interface cards and how they allow devices to communicate on a network.
This document defines and classifies different types of transmission media used for computer networks. It discusses bounded media such as twisted pair cable, coaxial cable, fiber optic, microwave, and infrared. It provides details on twisted pair cable, coaxial cable, infrared, microwaves, and fiber optic cable. It compares UTP and STP cables and discusses the advantages and disadvantages of each transmission medium. It acknowledges the teacher for support and lists references used.
This document discusses different types of computer networks: intranets, extranets, and the internet. An intranet is a private network within an organization that provides information for employees. An extranet connects multiple organizations and allows suppliers, customers, and partners limited access. The internet is a public worldwide network that provides information for public use. The key differences are that intranets and extranets are private networks for organizational use, while the internet is a public network.
This document discusses network cabling and making connections with Cat5 cable. It defines common cable types like coaxial, UTP and fiber optic cables. UTP cable characteristics and categories are described, with Cat5e listed as supporting data transfers up to 1000Mbps. The document outlines the tools and 8 steps to making a connection, including stripping, arranging wires according to the 568A or 568B standard, crimping an RJ45 connector onto the cable, and testing the connection.
Network architecture defines the design of a communications network, including its physical components and their organization, operational principles, and data formats. There are two main network architectures: the OSI reference model and the TCP/IP model. The OSI model has seven layers - physical, data link, network, transport, session, presentation, and application - with each layer performing a distinct function in sending data across a network in a standardized way.
Networking Cable is the medium through which information usually moves from one network device to
another. There are several types of cable which are commonly used with LANs. In some cases, a network
will utilize only one type of cable, other networks will use a variety of cable types. The type of cable
chosen for a network is related to the network's topology, protocol, and size. Understanding the
characteristics of different types of cable and how they relate to other aspects of a network is necessary
for the development of a successful network.
The document discusses different types of network cabling used in local area networks (LANs), including unshielded twisted pair (UTP), shielded twisted pair (STP), coaxial cable, and fiber optic cable. It describes the characteristics of each cable type and notes that the choice depends on the network's topology, protocol, and size. Wireless LANs are also discussed, along with their advantages of mobility and easy setup, and disadvantages of security issues, interference, and inconsistent connections compared to wired networks.
Lecture 3 network communication media and devicesAlbert Abbosey
The document discusses various types of network communication media and devices. It describes wired media like twisted pair cables, coaxial cable, and fiber optic cable. It also covers wireless media such as radio waves, microwaves, cellular networks, satellite communication, and infrared transmission. The document explains how these different media transmit data and their advantages and disadvantages. It also discusses common network devices that help transmit and direct data traffic, such as switches, routers, and network interface cards.
The document discusses network media and data transmissions. It describes different types of transmission media including guided/wired media like twisted pair cable, coaxial cable, and optical fiber cable. It also discusses unguided/wireless media like radio waves, microwaves, and infrared waves. It provides details on the components of data transmission including source, transmitter, transmission system, receiver, and destination. It also explains network interface cards and how they allow devices to communicate on a network.
This document defines and classifies different types of transmission media used for computer networks. It discusses bounded media such as twisted pair cable, coaxial cable, fiber optic, microwave, and infrared. It provides details on twisted pair cable, coaxial cable, infrared, microwaves, and fiber optic cable. It compares UTP and STP cables and discusses the advantages and disadvantages of each transmission medium. It acknowledges the teacher for support and lists references used.
This document discusses different types of computer networks: intranets, extranets, and the internet. An intranet is a private network within an organization that provides information for employees. An extranet connects multiple organizations and allows suppliers, customers, and partners limited access. The internet is a public worldwide network that provides information for public use. The key differences are that intranets and extranets are private networks for organizational use, while the internet is a public network.
This document discusses network cabling and making connections with Cat5 cable. It defines common cable types like coaxial, UTP and fiber optic cables. UTP cable characteristics and categories are described, with Cat5e listed as supporting data transfers up to 1000Mbps. The document outlines the tools and 8 steps to making a connection, including stripping, arranging wires according to the 568A or 568B standard, crimping an RJ45 connector onto the cable, and testing the connection.
Network architecture defines the design of a communications network, including its physical components and their organization, operational principles, and data formats. There are two main network architectures: the OSI reference model and the TCP/IP model. The OSI model has seven layers - physical, data link, network, transport, session, presentation, and application - with each layer performing a distinct function in sending data across a network in a standardized way.
Straight through cables have identical ends and are used to connect devices to switches or routers. Crossover cables have different ends and connect devices directly to each other without a switch. Category 5e cables support speeds up to 1 Gbps and are the most commonly used type, while CAT6 and higher support even faster speeds but are less prevalent.
The document discusses different types of cables used for network transmission including coaxial cables, twisted pair cables, and fiber optic cables. It describes the key characteristics of common coaxial cable types like RG-58, RG-8, RG-6, and RG-59. It also covers unshielded twisted pair (UTP) cables, shielded twisted pair (STP) cables, single mode fiber optic cable, and multi-mode fiber optic cable.
Digital lesson plan topic computer networking (1)Cherrysama
This digital lesson plan outlines a presentation on computer networking for a Masters in Education class. It will define computer networking, discuss types of networks including local area networks (LANs), metropolitan area networks (MANs), and wide area networks (WANs). Teaching tools will include charts, presentations, videos, and pictures. The lesson will motivate students, state the aim, present content, engage students through discussion questions, provide teaching points, allow for recapitulation, include an evaluation, and assign a homework project for students to create a PowerPoint on types of computer networking.
This document discusses networking basics, including the two main types of networks (circuit-switched and packet-switched), how data is transmitted over networks using baseband and broadband signaling, common factors that can distort transmissions like attenuation and interference, different types of transmission media like copper cables, fiber optic, and wireless, and the function of the network interface card.
Network media refers to the physical paths over which electrical signals travel between network components. There are two types of network transmission: bounded/guided transmission, where signals are confined to a specific path using cables like twisted-pair, coaxial, or fiber-optic; and unbound transmission, which extends beyond cabling and includes radio waves, microwaves, and infrared waves. Unbound transmission provides larger bandwidth and wide area capabilities but operates at very high frequencies. Common methods for reducing noise in network signals include signal averaging, analog filtering using passive low-pass and high-pass filters, and active filters which incorporate amplifying components.
Twisted pair cable is the simplest and oldest cable medium consisting of two insulated copper wires twisted around each other to reduce electrical interference. It is commonly used in telephone systems and comes in two main types - unshielded twisted pair (UTP) and shielded twisted pair (STP). UTP is the most common type used in networks today and comes in categories depending on the data transfer rate it supports, with category 5 cable providing up to 100 Mbps. STP cable has each pair of conductors encased in metal shielding to further prevent interference.
This document discusses different types of transmission media used to transmit signals and data in communication networks. It describes guided media such as twisted pair cable, coaxial cable, and fiber optic cable, which provide a physical path for signal propagation. It also covers unguided or wireless media that transmit signals through air using radio waves, microwaves, or infrared. The key characteristics, applications, and performance of each transmission medium are outlined.
The document discusses proper use of hand tools for computer system servicing. It identifies different categories of hardware tools including ESD tools, hand tools, cleaning tools, and diagnostic tools. It emphasizes following safety guidelines when using tools to prevent injuries and equipment damage. Proper documentation of repairs using reference tools is also covered.
Basic definition of computer Network which will brief about types of networks, topology and difference between OSI and TCP/IP.It also elaborate to guided and Unguided media.
The document discusses different types of cables used in electrical installations and their components. It describes that a cable consists of a conductor and insulation. Common conductor materials include copper, aluminum, and copper/aluminum welds. Insulation provides protection and comes in polymers, plastics or elastomers. Color coding helps identify wires. Key cable types discussed are coaxial, shielded/unshielded twisted pair, armored, control, power, portable and telephone cables.
This slide shows information on Guided and Unguided media in data communication and networking. things like types of cables for guided media and wireless routers for unguided media transfers
A schematic is a diagram that represents an electrical or mechanical system. It shows how a circuit functions and is used as a roadmap. Common symbols in schematics represent components like resistors, capacitors, diodes, transistors, batteries, switches, and logic gates. Understanding what each symbol means allows the schematic to show how current flows through the entire circuit.
CSS L16 - IP ADDRESSING
Learning Competencies
After this learning module the students will be able to . . .
◦○Learn and discuss network addressing, switching and routing.
◦○Identify and understand the IP Addressing format
◦○Understand the explain the Network address translation and IPv6
Data communication and network Chapter -1Zafar Ayub
This document discusses data communication and networks. It defines data communication as the electronic transmission of digitally encoded information between networks via a medium. A network is defined as hardware, software, and protocols that allow sharing of resources and information according to set rules. The document also defines several key terms related to data communication and networks such as data, resources, channels, protocols, encryption, network hardware and software, senders, and receivers. It describes methods of data transmission including serial and parallel transmission.
This document discusses different types of computer networks and network cabling. It describes wired networks that use cables like unshielded twisted pair (UTP), shielded twisted pair (STP), coaxial, and fiber optic cables. It also discusses wireless networks and issues like wireless security. Advantages of wireless networks include mobility and fast setup, while disadvantages include potential security issues and slower speeds compared to wired connections. The document provides an overview of key network cabling types and considerations for both wired and wireless computer networks.
El documento describe los conceptos fundamentales de las redes y la gestión de redes. Explica que una red es un conjunto de dispositivos conectados que permiten el intercambio de información digital y que la gestión de redes involucra el monitoreo, pruebas, configuración y control de los recursos de red para garantizar el desempeño y la calidad del servicio. También describe los elementos clave de la gestión de redes como los protocolos, las bases de datos de información de gestión y los centros de operaciones de red.
Electrical instruments are instruments that use the mechanical movement of electromagnetic meter to measure voltage, power, current… Electrical technicians require electrical measurement equipment to check the electrical activity and to detect the presence of voltage or current. By using this instrument we can measure electrical parameters such as voltage, frequency, current, power factor, and resistance. Electrical measurements are depended upon either current or voltage while measuring the frequency we will be measuring the frequency of a current signal or a voltage signal.
This document provides an overview of carpentry and joinery. It defines carpentry as the construction of buildings and other structures using wood, and joinery as the process of connecting pieces of wood. The document outlines the history of woodworking and distinguishes between carpentry and joinery. It also discusses health and safety practices, including proper use of hand tools and power tools, safety signs, and types of personal protective equipment.
The document discusses tools for working on computer hardware and preventing electrostatic discharge (ESD) damage. It provides pictures and descriptions of common hand tools like screwdrivers, pliers and tweezers. It also discusses ESD wrist straps, mats and proper procedures like grounding yourself to prevent static buildup. Compressed air and lint-free cloths are presented as options for cleaning internal components. The importance of having these various tools for computer repair and maintenance is highlighted.
Transmission modes (simplex, duplex & half duplex)Rahul Kumar
There are three transmission modes: simplex which allows transmission in one direction, half duplex which allows transmission in two directions but only one direction at a time, and full duplex which allows simultaneous two-way transmission. Simplex examples include television broadcasting and loudspeaker systems, half duplex includes walkie talkies, and full duplex includes telephone networks where two people can speak and listen simultaneously. Transmission modes define the direction of signal flow between communicating devices.
Transmission media,Guided communication, Coaxial cables, Twisted pair cable,Optical fibers,Guided media, Computer Science, Class 12 cs, ppt pdf for class 12 cbse network and communications
This document discusses different types of network media used to transmit data in computer networks. It describes guided (wired) media such as twisted pair cable, coaxial cable, and fiber optic cable. It also describes unguided (wireless) media such as radio waves, microwaves, and infrared waves. The key differences between guided and unguided media are that guided media uses a physical conductor to transmit signals while unguided media broadcasts signals through the air.
Straight through cables have identical ends and are used to connect devices to switches or routers. Crossover cables have different ends and connect devices directly to each other without a switch. Category 5e cables support speeds up to 1 Gbps and are the most commonly used type, while CAT6 and higher support even faster speeds but are less prevalent.
The document discusses different types of cables used for network transmission including coaxial cables, twisted pair cables, and fiber optic cables. It describes the key characteristics of common coaxial cable types like RG-58, RG-8, RG-6, and RG-59. It also covers unshielded twisted pair (UTP) cables, shielded twisted pair (STP) cables, single mode fiber optic cable, and multi-mode fiber optic cable.
Digital lesson plan topic computer networking (1)Cherrysama
This digital lesson plan outlines a presentation on computer networking for a Masters in Education class. It will define computer networking, discuss types of networks including local area networks (LANs), metropolitan area networks (MANs), and wide area networks (WANs). Teaching tools will include charts, presentations, videos, and pictures. The lesson will motivate students, state the aim, present content, engage students through discussion questions, provide teaching points, allow for recapitulation, include an evaluation, and assign a homework project for students to create a PowerPoint on types of computer networking.
This document discusses networking basics, including the two main types of networks (circuit-switched and packet-switched), how data is transmitted over networks using baseband and broadband signaling, common factors that can distort transmissions like attenuation and interference, different types of transmission media like copper cables, fiber optic, and wireless, and the function of the network interface card.
Network media refers to the physical paths over which electrical signals travel between network components. There are two types of network transmission: bounded/guided transmission, where signals are confined to a specific path using cables like twisted-pair, coaxial, or fiber-optic; and unbound transmission, which extends beyond cabling and includes radio waves, microwaves, and infrared waves. Unbound transmission provides larger bandwidth and wide area capabilities but operates at very high frequencies. Common methods for reducing noise in network signals include signal averaging, analog filtering using passive low-pass and high-pass filters, and active filters which incorporate amplifying components.
Twisted pair cable is the simplest and oldest cable medium consisting of two insulated copper wires twisted around each other to reduce electrical interference. It is commonly used in telephone systems and comes in two main types - unshielded twisted pair (UTP) and shielded twisted pair (STP). UTP is the most common type used in networks today and comes in categories depending on the data transfer rate it supports, with category 5 cable providing up to 100 Mbps. STP cable has each pair of conductors encased in metal shielding to further prevent interference.
This document discusses different types of transmission media used to transmit signals and data in communication networks. It describes guided media such as twisted pair cable, coaxial cable, and fiber optic cable, which provide a physical path for signal propagation. It also covers unguided or wireless media that transmit signals through air using radio waves, microwaves, or infrared. The key characteristics, applications, and performance of each transmission medium are outlined.
The document discusses proper use of hand tools for computer system servicing. It identifies different categories of hardware tools including ESD tools, hand tools, cleaning tools, and diagnostic tools. It emphasizes following safety guidelines when using tools to prevent injuries and equipment damage. Proper documentation of repairs using reference tools is also covered.
Basic definition of computer Network which will brief about types of networks, topology and difference between OSI and TCP/IP.It also elaborate to guided and Unguided media.
The document discusses different types of cables used in electrical installations and their components. It describes that a cable consists of a conductor and insulation. Common conductor materials include copper, aluminum, and copper/aluminum welds. Insulation provides protection and comes in polymers, plastics or elastomers. Color coding helps identify wires. Key cable types discussed are coaxial, shielded/unshielded twisted pair, armored, control, power, portable and telephone cables.
This slide shows information on Guided and Unguided media in data communication and networking. things like types of cables for guided media and wireless routers for unguided media transfers
A schematic is a diagram that represents an electrical or mechanical system. It shows how a circuit functions and is used as a roadmap. Common symbols in schematics represent components like resistors, capacitors, diodes, transistors, batteries, switches, and logic gates. Understanding what each symbol means allows the schematic to show how current flows through the entire circuit.
CSS L16 - IP ADDRESSING
Learning Competencies
After this learning module the students will be able to . . .
◦○Learn and discuss network addressing, switching and routing.
◦○Identify and understand the IP Addressing format
◦○Understand the explain the Network address translation and IPv6
Data communication and network Chapter -1Zafar Ayub
This document discusses data communication and networks. It defines data communication as the electronic transmission of digitally encoded information between networks via a medium. A network is defined as hardware, software, and protocols that allow sharing of resources and information according to set rules. The document also defines several key terms related to data communication and networks such as data, resources, channels, protocols, encryption, network hardware and software, senders, and receivers. It describes methods of data transmission including serial and parallel transmission.
This document discusses different types of computer networks and network cabling. It describes wired networks that use cables like unshielded twisted pair (UTP), shielded twisted pair (STP), coaxial, and fiber optic cables. It also discusses wireless networks and issues like wireless security. Advantages of wireless networks include mobility and fast setup, while disadvantages include potential security issues and slower speeds compared to wired connections. The document provides an overview of key network cabling types and considerations for both wired and wireless computer networks.
El documento describe los conceptos fundamentales de las redes y la gestión de redes. Explica que una red es un conjunto de dispositivos conectados que permiten el intercambio de información digital y que la gestión de redes involucra el monitoreo, pruebas, configuración y control de los recursos de red para garantizar el desempeño y la calidad del servicio. También describe los elementos clave de la gestión de redes como los protocolos, las bases de datos de información de gestión y los centros de operaciones de red.
Electrical instruments are instruments that use the mechanical movement of electromagnetic meter to measure voltage, power, current… Electrical technicians require electrical measurement equipment to check the electrical activity and to detect the presence of voltage or current. By using this instrument we can measure electrical parameters such as voltage, frequency, current, power factor, and resistance. Electrical measurements are depended upon either current or voltage while measuring the frequency we will be measuring the frequency of a current signal or a voltage signal.
This document provides an overview of carpentry and joinery. It defines carpentry as the construction of buildings and other structures using wood, and joinery as the process of connecting pieces of wood. The document outlines the history of woodworking and distinguishes between carpentry and joinery. It also discusses health and safety practices, including proper use of hand tools and power tools, safety signs, and types of personal protective equipment.
The document discusses tools for working on computer hardware and preventing electrostatic discharge (ESD) damage. It provides pictures and descriptions of common hand tools like screwdrivers, pliers and tweezers. It also discusses ESD wrist straps, mats and proper procedures like grounding yourself to prevent static buildup. Compressed air and lint-free cloths are presented as options for cleaning internal components. The importance of having these various tools for computer repair and maintenance is highlighted.
Transmission modes (simplex, duplex & half duplex)Rahul Kumar
There are three transmission modes: simplex which allows transmission in one direction, half duplex which allows transmission in two directions but only one direction at a time, and full duplex which allows simultaneous two-way transmission. Simplex examples include television broadcasting and loudspeaker systems, half duplex includes walkie talkies, and full duplex includes telephone networks where two people can speak and listen simultaneously. Transmission modes define the direction of signal flow between communicating devices.
Transmission media,Guided communication, Coaxial cables, Twisted pair cable,Optical fibers,Guided media, Computer Science, Class 12 cs, ppt pdf for class 12 cbse network and communications
This document discusses different types of network media used to transmit data in computer networks. It describes guided (wired) media such as twisted pair cable, coaxial cable, and fiber optic cable. It also describes unguided (wireless) media such as radio waves, microwaves, and infrared waves. The key differences between guided and unguided media are that guided media uses a physical conductor to transmit signals while unguided media broadcasts signals through the air.
IT Infrastructure and Network Technologies - Finals by Mark John LadoMark John Lado, MIT
This document discusses various types of transmission mediums used in computer networks. It covers bounded or guided mediums like twisted pair cable, coaxial cable, and fiber optic cable. It describes their characteristics, advantages, disadvantages and applications. It also discusses unbounded or unguided mediums like radio waves and microwaves. The document provides detailed information on the different properties and uses of each transmission medium.
this topic covered guided media including twisted pair cable, coaxial cable and fiber optic cable and their working process advantages and applications.
Twisted pair cable, coaxial cable, and fiber optic cable are three common types of bounded wired media used for data transmission. Twisted pair cable is the most popular and inexpensive but can be prone to interference. Coaxial cable is easy to install but a single failure can take down a network. Fiber optic cable transmits data via light, eliminating interference, but is very costly and difficult to install.
This document discusses different types of guided media, including twisted pair cable, coaxial cable, and fiber optic cable. It provides details on the characteristics of each type of cable, such as their uses, advantages, and disadvantages. Twisted pair cable is commonly used for short distance digital data transmission at speeds up to 9600 bits per second. Coaxial cable has higher bandwidth and can transmit signals over longer distances compared to twisted pair. Fiber optic cable has the highest bandwidth capability and is less susceptible to interference, but is the most expensive option.
Transmission mediums in computer networkssuraj pandey
This document summarizes different types of transmission mediums used in computer networks. It discusses wired mediums like twisted pair cable, coaxial cable, and fiber optic cable. It also discusses key characteristics of each medium such as bandwidth, attenuation, and noise absorption. Wireless or unguided transmission mediums are also briefly introduced. The document provides an overview of the different factors to consider when selecting a transmission medium, including transmission rate, cost, and environmental resistance.
There are two major classes of transmission media: guided and unguided. Guided media uses conductors like wires or fiber optic cables to transmit signals, while unguided media uses radio waves without a conductor. Common types of guided media include twisted-pair cable, coaxial cable, and fiber-optic cable. Each type has advantages and disadvantages related to bandwidth, distance limitations, noise interference, and cost.
The document discusses different types of transmission media used to transmit signals from sender to receiver. It describes guided media like twisted-pair cable, coaxial cable and fiber-optic cable. It provides details on their characteristics, applications, advantages and disadvantages. Twisted-pair cable is commonly used for telephone lines and low-speed LANs. Coaxial cable has higher bandwidth but is more expensive over long distances. Fiber-optic cable has the highest bandwidth and data rates but requires more skilled installation and maintenance.
Twisted pair cable, coaxial cable, and fiber optic cable are three common types of bounded or wired transmission media. Twisted pair cable is the most popular for networks due to its low cost, light weight, and ease of installation. It comes in shielded and unshielded versions. Coaxial cable uses a copper mesh and is used by cable TV companies but can have single point failures. Fiber optic cable transmits light instead of signals and is ideal for environments with interference but is very costly and difficult to install.
Twisted pair cable, coaxial cable, and fiber optic cable are three common types of bounded or wired transmission media. Twisted pair cable is the most popular for networks and comes in shielded and unshielded versions. Coaxial cable uses a copper mesh and is used by cable TV companies. Fiber optic cable transmits light instead of electronic signals and is ideal for environments with interference but is very costly and difficult to install.
Twisted pair cable, coaxial cable, and fiber optic cable are three common types of bounded or wired transmission media. Twisted pair cable is the most popular for networks and comes in unshielded and shielded versions. Unshielded twisted pair is cheaper but can experience interference, while shielded twisted pair is more expensive but faster and shielded. Coaxial cable is used by cable companies but can fail more easily. Fiber optic cable transmits data via light and is ideal for interfering environments, but it is very costly and difficult to install.
Transmission Media, Guided and unguided transmission mediaadnanqayum
Transmission Media and its types, Guided and unguided transmission media with examples (guided = (i) Twisted pair cable (ii) Coaxial cable (iii) Fiber optical cable, unguided = (i) Radio wave (ii) Microwave (iii) Infra-red wave)
The document discusses different types of transmission media used to send data from one device to another through a medium. It describes guided (wired) media such as twisted pair wires, coaxial cable, and fiber optic cable, as well as unguided (wireless) media such as radio waves, microwaves, and infrared. For each type of transmission media, it provides details on their components, advantages, disadvantages and common applications.
03 - Cabling Standards, Media, and Connectors.pptssuserf7cd2b
The document discusses various types of networking media and connectors. It describes RJ-45 connectors as the most common for modern networks. F-type connectors are used for coaxial cable, while fiber optic cable uses several connector types including ST, SC, and LC connectors. Network media can be divided into cable-based options like copper and fiber optic cable, as well as wireless options. Characteristics like speed, length limits, security, and ease of installation vary between media types.
The document discusses different types of transmission media, including guided (wired) media like twisted pair cable, coaxial cable, and fiber optic cable, as well as unguided (wireless) media like Bluetooth, Wi-Fi, satellite microwave, and infrared. It provides details on each type of media such as its components, uses, advantages, limitations, and data transmission capabilities.
The document discusses different types of cables including their components, uses, and advantages/disadvantages. It describes coaxial cables which are used for audio/video transmission and have a center conductor, outer shield, insulation layer, and plastic jacket. Optical fiber cables transmit data using glass or plastic fibers and are used for long-distance telephone lines. Twisted pair cables have two independently insulated wires twisted together to reduce interference and are used widely in Ethernet networks. USB cables connect devices to computers to transfer data and power. Power cables transmit electrical power for various building and industrial applications.
The Presentation describes about the Transmission media and in detail about coaxial cable,Twisted pair, Fiber optics, Power lines and their comparisons
This document summarizes different types of guided transmission media, including coaxial cable, twisted pair, and optical fiber. It provides details on their characteristics, components, bandwidth capabilities, applications and advantages. Guided media uses conductors like wires or fiber optic cables to transmit signals from sender to receiver. Examples given are coaxial cables, twisted pair wires, and optical fiber.
The document discusses Java packages. The key points are:
- Packages are containers that group related classes and interfaces together. They allow for organizing code and uniquely naming classes.
- The core Java packages are java.lang, java.util, java.io, java.awt, java.net, and java.applet. They contain fundamental classes for various purposes.
- To use classes from a package, the package must be imported or the fully qualified class name can be used. The package statement declares user-defined packages.
This document discusses exceptions in Java programs. It defines exceptions as runtime errors that occur when an unexpected condition arises. It describes different types of errors like runtime errors, logic errors, and syntax errors. It provides an example Java program that generates an exception by dividing a number by zero. Finally, it explains Java's exception handling mechanisms like try, catch, throw, throws and finally keywords to detect and manage exceptions.
PHP is an open source scripting language used for web development that can be embedded into HTML. It is executed on the server and allows code to be enclosed in special PHP tags. Variables in PHP start with a $ sign and automatically take the correct data type. Strings can be concatenated using the . operator and PHP supports various operators like arithmetic, assignment, comparison, and logical for working with values.
This document discusses static methods and abstract classes in PHP. Static methods can be called directly on a class without creating an instance. Abstract classes contain at least one abstract method that is declared but not implemented, requiring child classes to implement the method. The example shows an abstract Car class with an intro() method, and child classes Audi, Volvo and Citroen that implement intro() uniquely for each class.
Operating System File Management Unit v.pptxSanthiNivas
This document discusses file management. It begins by introducing the file manager and its responsibilities, which include file storage tracking, policy implementation, file allocation and deallocation. The file manager determines file storage locations and system/user access based on policy. It then defines key concepts like fields, records, files, databases, program files and data files. It describes how users interact with the file manager using logical commands and describes typical volume configurations including the master file directory and subdirectories. It concludes by discussing file descriptors and file naming conventions.
Input devices such as keyboards, mice, joysticks, light pens, and trackballs are used to provide data and control signals to computers. Keyboards allow text input and contain 104-105 keys laid out like a typewriter. Mice are popular pointing devices with left and right buttons used to control cursor position but not enter text. Other pointing devices include joysticks and light pens. Trackballs are upside-down mice located in front of laptop keyboards. Output devices like monitors, printers, and projectors receive computer data and translate it into visual, audio, textual, or printed forms for users.
1. The document provides information on HTML including definitions of key terms like HTML, URL, and browser. It also covers topics such as creating basic HTML documents, using headings, paragraphs, breaks, and horizontal rules.
2. The document discusses how to format text using bold, italics, underline, and color. It also covers inserting special characters and symbols.
3. The document describes how to create different types of lists like unordered lists, ordered lists, and defined lists as well as nesting lists.
The document discusses the benefits of exercise for mental health. Regular physical activity can help reduce anxiety and depression and improve mood and cognitive functioning. Exercise causes chemical changes in the brain that may help boost feelings of calmness, happiness and focus.
It gives detailed description about Points, Lines, Attributes of Output Primitives, Line Functions, Line Drawing Algorithms, DDA Line drawing algorithms, Bresenham’s Line Algorithm, Circle Generating Algorthims
This PPT gives detailed information about Computer Graphics, Raster Scan System, Random Scan System, CRT Display, Color CRT Monitors, Input and Output Devices
This document discusses various page layout and formatting options in Microsoft Word, including changing the page size and orientation, paper type, width and height, layout, background, inserting and deleting pages, templates, and creating and editing templates. Key steps are provided for changing common page settings like size, adding or removing pages, and using templates to format documents.
3-D Transformation in Computer GraphicsSanthiNivas
This PDF gives the detailed information about 3-D Transformations like, Translation, Rotation and Scaling. Classification of Visible Surface Detection Methods, Scan line method, Z -Buffer Method, A- Buffer Method
Assessment and Planning in Educational technology.pptxKavitha Krishnan
In an education system, it is understood that assessment is only for the students, but on the other hand, the Assessment of teachers is also an important aspect of the education system that ensures teachers are providing high-quality instruction to students. The assessment process can be used to provide feedback and support for professional development, to inform decisions about teacher retention or promotion, or to evaluate teacher effectiveness for accountability purposes.
Strategies for Effective Upskilling is a presentation by Chinwendu Peace in a Your Skill Boost Masterclass organisation by the Excellence Foundation for South Sudan on 08th and 09th June 2024 from 1 PM to 3 PM on each day.
This slide is special for master students (MIBS & MIFB) in UUM. Also useful for readers who are interested in the topic of contemporary Islamic banking.
This presentation was provided by Steph Pollock of The American Psychological Association’s Journals Program, and Damita Snow, of The American Society of Civil Engineers (ASCE), for the initial session of NISO's 2024 Training Series "DEIA in the Scholarly Landscape." Session One: 'Setting Expectations: a DEIA Primer,' was held June 6, 2024.
A review of the growth of the Israel Genealogy Research Association Database Collection for the last 12 months. Our collection is now passed the 3 million mark and still growing. See which archives have contributed the most. See the different types of records we have, and which years have had records added. You can also see what we have for the future.
How to Fix the Import Error in the Odoo 17Celine George
An import error occurs when a program fails to import a module or library, disrupting its execution. In languages like Python, this issue arises when the specified module cannot be found or accessed, hindering the program's functionality. Resolving import errors is crucial for maintaining smooth software operation and uninterrupted development processes.
Thinking of getting a dog? Be aware that breeds like Pit Bulls, Rottweilers, and German Shepherds can be loyal and dangerous. Proper training and socialization are crucial to preventing aggressive behaviors. Ensure safety by understanding their needs and always supervising interactions. Stay safe, and enjoy your furry friends!
How to Add Chatter in the odoo 17 ERP ModuleCeline George
In Odoo, the chatter is like a chat tool that helps you work together on records. You can leave notes and track things, making it easier to talk with your team and partners. Inside chatter, all communication history, activity, and changes will be displayed.
The simplified electron and muon model, Oscillating Spacetime: The Foundation...RitikBhardwaj56
Discover the Simplified Electron and Muon Model: A New Wave-Based Approach to Understanding Particles delves into a groundbreaking theory that presents electrons and muons as rotating soliton waves within oscillating spacetime. Geared towards students, researchers, and science buffs, this book breaks down complex ideas into simple explanations. It covers topics such as electron waves, temporal dynamics, and the implications of this model on particle physics. With clear illustrations and easy-to-follow explanations, readers will gain a new outlook on the universe's fundamental nature.
it describes the bony anatomy including the femoral head , acetabulum, labrum . also discusses the capsule , ligaments . muscle that act on the hip joint and the range of motion are outlined. factors affecting hip joint stability and weight transmission through the joint are summarized.
2. In data communication terminology, a
transmission medium is a physical path
between the transmitter and the receiver
i.e. it is the channel through which data is
sent from one place to another.
4. GUIDED MEDIA
It is also referred to as Wired or Bounded transmission
media. Signals being transmitted are directed and
confined in a narrow pathway by using physical links.
Features:
High Speed
Secure
Used for comparatively shorter distances
Twisted-Pair Cable
Coaxial Cable
Fiber-Optic Cable
Types of Guided Media:
5. Twisted pair
Twisted pair is a physical media made up of a
pair of cables twisted with each other.
A twisted pair cable is cheap as compared to
other transmission media.
Installation of the twisted pair cable is easy, and
it is a lightweight cable.
The frequency range for twisted pair cable is
from 0 to 3.5KHz.
A twisted pair consists of two insulated copper
wires arranged in a regular spiral pattern.
7.5
9. Unshielded Twisted Pair
7.9
An unshielded twisted pair is widely used in
telecommunication.
UTP consists of two insulated copper wires
twisted around one another. This type of cable
has the ability to block interference and does not
depend on a physical shield for this purpose. It
is used for telephonic applications.
10. Unshielded Twisted Pair
Category 1: Category 1 is used for
telephone lines that have low-speed data.
Category 2: It can support upto 4Mbps.
Category 3: It can support upto 16Mbps.
Category 4: It can support upto 20Mbps.
Therefore, it can be used for long-distance
communication.
Category 5: It can support upto
200Mbps.
7.10
11. Advantages Of Unshielded Twisted Pair:
It is cheap.
Installation of the unshielded twisted pair is
easy.
It can be used for high-speed LAN.
Disadvantage:
This cable can only be used for shorter
distances because of attenuation.
12. Shielded Twisted Pair
A shielded twisted pair is a cable that
contains the mesh surrounding the wire
that allows the higher transmission rate.
7.12
13. Characteristics Of Shielded Twisted Pair:
The cost of the shielded twisted pair cable is not
very high and not very low.
An installation of STP is easy.
It has higher capacity as compared to unshielded
twisted pair cable.
It is shielded that provides the higher data
transmission rate.
Disadvantages
It is more expensive as compared to UTP and
coaxial cable.
Comparatively difficult to install and manufacture
More expensive
Bulky
15. Coaxial cable
A coaxial cable is an electrical cable with a
copper conductor and an insulator shielding
around it and a braided metal mesh that
prevents signal interference and cross talk.
Coaxial cable is also known as coax.
7.15
17. Applications of Coaxial cable
The coaxial cables are used in Ethernet LANs and also used
in MANs
Television: Coaxial cable used for television would be
75 Ohm and RG-6 coaxial cable.
Internet: Coaxial cables are also used for carrying
internet signals, RG-6 cables are used for this.
CCTV: The coaxial cables are also used in CCTV systems
and both RG-59 AND RG-6 cables can be used.
Video: The coaxial cables are also used in video
Transmission the RG-6 is used for better digital signals
and RG-59 for lossless transmission of video signals.
HDTV: The HDTV uses RG-11 as it provides more space
for signals to transfer.
7.17
18. Advantages
Coaxial cables support high bandwidth.
It is easy to install coaxial cables.
coaxial cables have better cut-through
resistance so they are more reliable and
durable.
Less affected by noise or cross-talk or
electromagnetic inference.
Coaxial cables support multiple channels
7.18
19. Disadvantages
Coaxial cables are expensive.
The coaxial cable must be grounded in
order to prevent any crosstalk.
As a Coaxial cable has multiple layers it is
very bulky.
There is a chance of breaking the coaxial
cable and attaching a “t-joint” by hackers,
this compromises the security of the data.
7.19
20. Fiber Optics
A fibre optic cable is made of glass or
plastic and transmits signals in the
structure of light signals.
It involves an inner glass core surrounded
by a glass cladding that reflects the light
into the core. Each fibre is encircled by a
plastic jacket.
7.20
22. Main element of Fiber Optics:
Core:
It is the central tube of very thin size made of optically
transparent dielectric medium and carries the light
transmitter to receiver
Cladding:
It is outer optical material surrounding the core having
reflecting index lower than core and cladding helps to
keep the light within the core throughout the
phenomena of total internal reflection.
Buffer Coating:
It is a plastic coating that protects the fiber made of
silicon rubber.
7.22
23. Fiber Optics
Advantages:
Increased capacity and bandwidth
Lightweight
Less signal attenuation
Immunity to electromagnetic interference
Resistance to corrosive materials
Disadvantages:
Difficult to install and maintain
High cost
Fragile
7.23
24. 7.24
7-2 UNGUIDED MEDIA: WIRELESS
It is also referred to as Wireless or Unbounded
transmission media. No physical medium is
required for the transmission of electromagnetic
signals.
Features:
The signal is broadcasted through air
Less Secure
Used for larger distances
27. Radio waves
These are easy to generate and can
penetrate through buildings. The sending
and receiving antennas need not be
aligned. Frequency Range:3KHz – 1GHz.
AM and FM radios and cordless phones
use Radio waves for transmission.
7.27
29. 7.29
Radio waves are used for multicast
communications, such as radio and
television, and paging systems. They
can penetrate through walls.
Highly regulated. Use omni directional
antennas
Note
30. Microwaves
It is a line of sight transmission i.e. the
sending and receiving antennas need to
be properly aligned with each other. The
distance covered by the signal is directly
proportional to the height of the antenna.
Frequency Range:1GHz – 300GHz. These
are majorly used for mobile phone
communication and television distribution.
7.30
32. Infrared
Infrared waves are used for very short
distance communication. They cannot
penetrate through obstacles. This
prevents interference between systems.
Frequency Range:300GHz – 400THz. It is
used in TV remotes, wireless mouse,
keyboard, printer, etc.
7.32
33. 7.33
Microwaves are used for unicast
communication such as cellular
telephones, satellite networks,
and wireless LANs.
Higher frequency ranges cannot
penetrate walls.
Use directional antennas - point to point
line of sight communications.
Note
34. 7.34
Infrared signals can be used for short-
range communication in a closed area
using line-of-sight propagation.
Note