This document summarizes Nepal's power transmission and distribution system. It outlines that Nepal's electrical power system consists of generation, transmission, and distribution systems. The transmission system transmits bulk power from generation stations to substations, while the distribution system distributes power to consumers. It then provides details on the components of Nepal's transmission lines, the role of the Nepal Electricity Authority, transmission losses over time, ongoing and planned transmission line projects, and the radial and ring-based structure of Nepal's distribution networks. It concludes by discussing NEA's consumer growth trends, loss reduction activities, and future plans to improve energy efficiency.

1. TRANSMISSION AND
DISTRIBUTION SYSTEM
OF NEPAL
Presented by:
Bishal Rimal
Himal Chaulagain
Paras Subedi
Manoj Sah

2. COMPONENTS OF POWER SYSTEM
 Electrical power system mainly consist of three systems
or components:
 Generating system
 Transmission system
 Distribution system
 Transmission system transmits electrical energy in bulk,
generally from generating stations to the primary
substations.
 Distribution system is the system from which electrical
energy is distributed to various consumers such as
domestic, commercial, industrial, non commercial etc

4. PURPOSE OF ELECTRICAL TRANSMISSION SYSTEM
 Efficient interconnection of the electric
energy producing power plants or generating
stations with the loads.

5. COMPONENTS OF A TRANSMISSION LINE
Conductor
Earth wire
Insulator
Transmission
Tower
Wave trap and other
hardware(Clamp,
Spacer, Vibration
dampers,
connectors etc.
5

6. INPS

7. PRESENT POWER SENERIO OF NEPAL
 Nepal Electricity Authority (NEA) — the sole
power off-taker of the country

8. AVAILABILITY AND UTILIZATION OF ENERGY

9. TRANSMISSION LOSSES:
5.78
5.25
5.59
4.57
4.82
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
2068/69 2069/70 2070/71 2071/72 2072/73
Transmission Line Loss in
Percentage

10. Hydropower Under construction and
Planned

11. TRANSMISSION VOLTAGES IN NEPAL
Voltages Level
(KV)
Existing Length
(km)
400 78
220 150
132 2417
66 511

12. Under construction Transmission line

13. Planned and Purposed Transmission line

14. POWER TRANSMISSION COMPANY
NEPAL LIMITED (PTCN)
 Subsidiary of Nepal Electricity Authority (NEA)
was established with the main objective of
development of high voltage transmission
interconnection between Nepal and India for the
mutual interest and benefit of both the countries.
 The section of Dhalkebar- Muzaffarpur 400kV
double circuit Transmission Line lying with in
Nepalese territory was successfully constructed
by PTCN and commissioned in February 2016.
 The completion of full-fledged 220kV substation
at Dhalkebar, by December 2016 and quantum
of power is imported from India.

15. FUTURE EXTENSION
 To optimise the energy grid, NEA has identified
and planned six cross-border interconnection
corridors and 11 transmission lines, with a
proposed 22,000 MW generation within 2035.
 A review is in process and will study the
requirements and feasibility of major
transmission projects such as East-West
transmission highway of 400 kV and 765 kV,
Mid-hill transmission corridors of 400 and
220 kV and North-South corridors of 220 and
400 kV, according to NEA.

16. DISTRIBUTION SYSTEM
 Distribution line generally consist of
 Feeders
 Distributors
 Service mains
 It is further classified on the basis of voltage
 Primary distribution system- 11 KV or 6.6 KV or 3.3 KV
 Secondary distribution system- 415 V or 230 V

18. 1.Radial Distribution system
 only one/single path is connected between
each Distributor and substation
 Fault occurs either on feeder or a distributor,
all the consumers connected to that
distributor will get affected.
 In Nepal, almost all
the distribution of power
is by radial distribution
system only
CLASSIFICATION OF DISTRIBUTION SYSTEM

19. 2.Ring main Distribution system
 Feeder covers the whole area of supply in
the ring fashion and finally terminates at the
substation from where it is started.
 Closed loop form and looks like a ring.

20. IN CONTEXT OF NEPAL
 In FY 2015/16, total number of consumers
under NEA reached 29, 69,576 an increase
of 3.54% over the last fiscal year’s figure.
 In comparison to the previous years, less
increase in consumer number in last fiscal
year by 2.17% was due to insufficient
availability of energy meters.

21. GROWTH TREND OF NUMBERS OF CONSUMERS

22. TYPES OF CONSUMERS

23. LOSS REDUCTION ACTIVITIES
 Feeder-wise loss evaluation was continued and
extra load shedding hours were set for high loss
prone feeders earlier.
 Distribution centers were assigned loss targets
to achieve within the prescribed time frame.
 In many high non technical loss prone areas,
losses are reduced by the use of Ariel Bundled
Conductor (ABC) cable.
 Upgrading of overloaded conductors and
transformers
 The electromechanical meters of the consumers
of capacity 25-50 kVA range continued to be
replaced with electronic (TOD) meters.

24. LOSS REDUCTION ACTIVITIES CNTD.
 During the FY 2015/16, a total of 31,127
numbers of consumer lines were
disconnected from which Rs 328.21
(millions) was recovered. Similarly legal
action was taken against 3,957 consumers
for electricity pilferage and Rs 33.58
(millions) was recovered from it

25. FUTURE PLANS AND PROGRAMS
 For high system loss,DCSD is trying to make
every effort to bring down the distribution
system loss which contributes in substantial
proportion.
 use of new technologies and capacity
building to meet the challenges of new
environment
 Project for Energy Efficiency through Loss
Reduction

26. FUTURE PLANS AND PROGRAMS CNTD.
 establishment centralized customer care
center to ensure single point of contact for all
consumer related activities.
 NEA is planning to implement Automatic
Meter Reading (AMR) system.

27. REFERENCE
 Grid Solar and Energy Efficiency Project
(GSEEP) Distribution System Loss
Reduction Master Plan
 http://www.nea.org.np
 https://np.linkedin.com

28. THANK
YOU!!!