The document discusses the economics of greenhouse tomato production, detailing growth conditions, plant stages, and agricultural practices. It outlines costs associated with land preparation, seedling acquisition, fertilizers, and labor, culminating in an investment summary and estimated profits. The cultivation process highlights the importance of selection, training, pollination, and fertigation for maximizing yields.

1. Economics on Greenhouse production of Tomato

2. Tomato(Lycopersicon esculentum))
- The genus Tomato belongs to the family Solanaceae.
- Tomato is the second most important vegetable crop next to potato.
- Cultivated tomato is divided in to two group.
1. Determinate.
2. Indeterminate or vine ( suitable for the greenhouse).
Soil and climate
- It can be grown in many types of soils but well drained medium
soils are best suited for the tomato.
- It can be grown in 20 to 35 c, increase in temperature cause fruit
obarstion.
2

3. Crop cycle
3
Stage Duration
Nursery 25 Days
Planting to First flower 40 days after Trans planting.
First flower to first picking 60 to 70 days after the flowering.
Harvesting period 5 to 6 months

4. Nursery and Selection of Verities
- Unless you are experienced in
growing seedlings, it is better to
purchase the seedling from the
reputed nursery.
- Around 12000 seedlings/Acr.
- Select the variety which is
indeterminate type.
4

5. Land preparation and Planting
- MB ploughing fallowed by cultivation.
- Application of compost, Neemcake, basal
dose of fertilizer and biological.
- Rotavation , bed making, mulching,
marking and trans planting.
- Spacing 1.5m Furrow to furrow, row to row
is 50cm and plant to plant 40 to 45cm.
5

6. Pinching and Pruning
- Pinching operation was carried out at 10 to 15
days after transplanting, remove the side
branch, maintain the single stem.
- Use the hooks, thread and clips properly in
order to train the crop.
- Crop wire 2-3.5 m above gd.
- 1 branches/plant
- Plants twisted or clipped
- Layering or up & down
6

7. Pollination
Pollination should be assisted
by
- natural wind.
- compressed air.
- electric vibrators.
- Bumblebees.
- Hormones beta Naphthoxy
Acetic Acid
Advantages
- less deformed fruit.
- faster to harvest.
- larger fruit.
- higher yields
7

8. Fertigation
8
Fertigation Programme for Tomato
Stage of the Plant N P2O5 K2O
gm/Acr/dy gm/Acr/dy gm/Acr/dy
Trans planting to first Clustar
300 - 400 300 - 400 300 - 400
First clustar to complete setting of 5th
clustar. 800 - 1200 480 - 720 1200 - 1800
5th clustar to picking 2000 - 2800 1200 - 1800 3000 - 4200
Picking period 2400 - 2800 1440 - 1800 3600 - 4200
8th week after picking
800 - 1200 480 - 720 1200 - 1800
calcium 60 to 100 ppm
Magnicium 30 - 50 ppm

9. 9
Production Expenses for Tomato grown under Greenhouse
Area of Expenses Rs./unit Amount (Rs.)
1 Land preparation and other operation
aSterilization and Land preparation. 13 ₹ 52,611.00
bPlastic replacement (once in three years) 40 ₹ 93,333
cString 3 ₹ 36,000
₹ 1,81,944
Percentage of the total 30.7
2 Cost of seedlings (12000 seedlings) 3 ₹ 36,000
Percentage of the total 6.1
3 Cost of fertilizer ₹ 1,40,000
Percentage of the total 23.6
4 Cost of Chemicals ₹ 50,000
Percentage of the total 8.4
5 Man Power ₹ 1,80,000
Percentage of the total 30.3
6 Misalanius ₹ 5,519
Percentage of the total 0.93
Total Cost ₹ 5,93,464
Total Yield (Kg) 90000
Production Cost (Rs./Kg) ₹ 7

10. Income
10
Grade Percent Price/kg Yield ( Kg) Amount
Total Yield A Grade 85% ₹ 15.00 76500 ₹ 11,47,500.00
B Grade 15% ₹ 8.00 13500 ₹ 1,08,000.00
Total 90000 ₹ 12,55,500.00

11. 11
Total Investment for one Acare of Greenhouse
Investment Area Cost /sq.m Total Cost
Dep.
Year Interest
Return of
Capital
Greenhouse Structure 4040 ₹ 980.00 ₹ 39,59,200.00 7 10.50% ₹ 8,26,675.68
Irrigation system 4040 ₹ 60.00 ₹ 2,42,400.00 7 10.50% ₹ 50,612.80
Misting System Cool Net 4040 ₹ 40.00 ₹ 1,61,600.00 7 10.50% ₹ 33,741.86
Civil work 4040 ₹ 35.00 ₹ 1,41,400.00 7 10.50% ₹ 29,524.13
Total Investment ₹ 1,115.00 ₹ 45,04,600.00 ₹ 9,40,554.47
Subsidy ₹ 25,04,600.00 7 10.50% ₹ 5,22,957.14

12. 12
Income from the Crop ₹ 12,55,500.00 ₹ 12,55,500.00
Operation Cost ₹ 5,93,463.78 ₹ 5,93,463.78
Retarun of Capital first year ₹ 9,40,554 ₹ 5,22,957
Profit without capital investment first year ₹ 6,62,036 ₹ 7,32,542.86
Cash flow first year ₹ -2,78,518 ₹ 1,39,079.08

13. Thank You
Umesha. M . C.
Deputy Manager - Agronomy.