This presentation is done by 2010/2011 batch of Export Agriculture students of Uva Wellassa University of Sri Lanka as a requirement for the subject which is “Fruit & Vegetable Cultivation”. Note that the information included here is relevant to Sri Lankan condition.
BITTERGOURD CULTIVATION , PRODUCTION TECHNOLOGY OF BITTER GOURDArvind Yadav
BITTER GOURD
Scientific name : Momordica charantia L.
Family : Cucurbitaceae
Chromosome number :2n=22
Origin : Tropical Asia (Eastern India and
Southern China)
Common names : Balsam pear, Bitter cucumber
Varieties:-
Pusa Do Mausmi
Pusa Vishesh
CO 1
MDU 1
COBgoH-1
VK 1 Priya
Priyanka(Sel.1010)
Arka Harit
Harkani
Phule Green
The detail cultivation practices of Mango fruit crop.
HORT-243 PRODUCTION TECHNOLOGY FOR FRUITS AND PLANTATION CROPS.
Prepared by Miss. Raksha Anil Hingankar.
Production technology for vegetable and spices : DRUMSTICK ' MORINGASoudip Nandi
Drumstick is a fast-growing deciduous plant with 32-40 ft. height .The leaves of the tree build up a feathery foliage structure with it’s Tripinnate leaves. The flower of the tree fragrant & asexual with yellowish-white petals .
CULTIVATION OF OKRA , PRODUCTION TECHNOLOGY OF OKRA ,Arvind Yadav
OKRA
Scientific Name : Abelmoschus esculentus
Family : Malvaceae,
Chromosome number : 2n=72, 108,130
Origin : Asiatic region /Etthiopea/Africa.
Common names : Bhendi, Lady’s FingerEconomic importance and uses :-
Okra is more remunerative than the leafy vegetables.
Tender green fruits are cooked in curry and also used in soups. The root and stem are useful for clearing cane juice in preparation of jaggery.
Okra is rich in vitamins, calcium, potassium and other minerals. 100g consumable unripe bhendi fruits contain 10.4g dry matter, 3,100 calorie energy, 1.8g protein.
The dry seeds contain 13-22% edible oil and 20-24% protein.Area and production:-
India is the largest producer of okra in the world. The major bhendi growing states are Utter Pradesh, Orissa, Bihar and West Bengal.
Popular varieties:-
Pusa Makhmali
Pusa Sawani
Arka Anamika (Selection 10)
Arka Abhay (Selection
Punjab Padmini
Punjab -7
Parbhani Kranti
Varsha Uphar (HRB 9-2)
Gujarat Bhendi 1
This presentation is done by 2010/2011 batch of Export Agriculture students of Uva Wellassa University of Sri Lanka as a requirement for the subject which is “Fruit & Vegetable Cultivation”. Note that the information included here is relevant to Sri Lankan condition.
BITTERGOURD CULTIVATION , PRODUCTION TECHNOLOGY OF BITTER GOURDArvind Yadav
BITTER GOURD
Scientific name : Momordica charantia L.
Family : Cucurbitaceae
Chromosome number :2n=22
Origin : Tropical Asia (Eastern India and
Southern China)
Common names : Balsam pear, Bitter cucumber
Varieties:-
Pusa Do Mausmi
Pusa Vishesh
CO 1
MDU 1
COBgoH-1
VK 1 Priya
Priyanka(Sel.1010)
Arka Harit
Harkani
Phule Green
The detail cultivation practices of Mango fruit crop.
HORT-243 PRODUCTION TECHNOLOGY FOR FRUITS AND PLANTATION CROPS.
Prepared by Miss. Raksha Anil Hingankar.
Production technology for vegetable and spices : DRUMSTICK ' MORINGASoudip Nandi
Drumstick is a fast-growing deciduous plant with 32-40 ft. height .The leaves of the tree build up a feathery foliage structure with it’s Tripinnate leaves. The flower of the tree fragrant & asexual with yellowish-white petals .
CULTIVATION OF OKRA , PRODUCTION TECHNOLOGY OF OKRA ,Arvind Yadav
OKRA
Scientific Name : Abelmoschus esculentus
Family : Malvaceae,
Chromosome number : 2n=72, 108,130
Origin : Asiatic region /Etthiopea/Africa.
Common names : Bhendi, Lady’s FingerEconomic importance and uses :-
Okra is more remunerative than the leafy vegetables.
Tender green fruits are cooked in curry and also used in soups. The root and stem are useful for clearing cane juice in preparation of jaggery.
Okra is rich in vitamins, calcium, potassium and other minerals. 100g consumable unripe bhendi fruits contain 10.4g dry matter, 3,100 calorie energy, 1.8g protein.
The dry seeds contain 13-22% edible oil and 20-24% protein.Area and production:-
India is the largest producer of okra in the world. The major bhendi growing states are Utter Pradesh, Orissa, Bihar and West Bengal.
Popular varieties:-
Pusa Makhmali
Pusa Sawani
Arka Anamika (Selection 10)
Arka Abhay (Selection
Punjab Padmini
Punjab -7
Parbhani Kranti
Varsha Uphar (HRB 9-2)
Gujarat Bhendi 1
CHILLI Cultivation Practices and Improved Variety, biotic and abiotic stres...ayushtiwari125861
This Slide teaches you about the cultivation practices of Chilli Crop.
Use full for your Exam, presentation work, etc.
This slide includes:
1. Chili cultivation Practices
2. Abiotic and Biotic Stress
3. Diseases
4. Improved variety with quality.
It is a minor vegetable crop ,can be used in place of cucumber as salad ,still lot of work possibility are there in standardization of inputs in this crop .
Tomato is grown practically in every country of the world in outdoor fields, greenhouses, and net houses. The leading tomato producing countries in the world are China, India, USA, Turkey, Egypt, Iran, Italy, Spain, and Brazil.
It occupies an area of about 4.73 million hectares with a production of 163.96 million tonnes in the world (FAO, 2016). It is the world’s 3rd largest vegetable crop after potato and onion
Tomato is the most widely cultivated crop in India. Tomato is a very important vegetable crop regarding both income and nutrition. Tomatoes are predominantly summer crops, but it can be cultivated throughout the year.
In its fruit contain vitamins like ‘A’ and ‘C’ and antioxidant in abundance quantity. Due to the unique properties contained in its fruit, tomato demand remains almost the same throughout the year.
Tomatoes are also used as fresh fruits, and they are cooked and cooked in pickles, chutneys, soups, ketchup, sauces, etc.
Epistemic Interaction - tuning interfaces to provide information for AI supportAlan Dix
Paper presented at SYNERGY workshop at AVI 2024, Genoa, Italy. 3rd June 2024
https://alandix.com/academic/papers/synergy2024-epistemic/
As machine learning integrates deeper into human-computer interactions, the concept of epistemic interaction emerges, aiming to refine these interactions to enhance system adaptability. This approach encourages minor, intentional adjustments in user behaviour to enrich the data available for system learning. This paper introduces epistemic interaction within the context of human-system communication, illustrating how deliberate interaction design can improve system understanding and adaptation. Through concrete examples, we demonstrate the potential of epistemic interaction to significantly advance human-computer interaction by leveraging intuitive human communication strategies to inform system design and functionality, offering a novel pathway for enriching user-system engagements.
Threats to mobile devices are more prevalent and increasing in scope and complexity. Users of mobile devices desire to take full advantage of the features
available on those devices, but many of the features provide convenience and capability but sacrifice security. This best practices guide outlines steps the users can take to better protect personal devices and information.
GraphSummit Singapore | The Future of Agility: Supercharging Digital Transfor...Neo4j
Leonard Jayamohan, Partner & Generative AI Lead, Deloitte
This keynote will reveal how Deloitte leverages Neo4j’s graph power for groundbreaking digital twin solutions, achieving a staggering 100x performance boost. Discover the essential role knowledge graphs play in successful generative AI implementations. Plus, get an exclusive look at an innovative Neo4j + Generative AI solution Deloitte is developing in-house.
Communications Mining Series - Zero to Hero - Session 1DianaGray10
This session provides introduction to UiPath Communication Mining, importance and platform overview. You will acquire a good understand of the phases in Communication Mining as we go over the platform with you. Topics covered:
• Communication Mining Overview
• Why is it important?
• How can it help today’s business and the benefits
• Phases in Communication Mining
• Demo on Platform overview
• Q/A
UiPath Test Automation using UiPath Test Suite series, part 4DianaGray10
Welcome to UiPath Test Automation using UiPath Test Suite series part 4. In this session, we will cover Test Manager overview along with SAP heatmap.
The UiPath Test Manager overview with SAP heatmap webinar offers a concise yet comprehensive exploration of the role of a Test Manager within SAP environments, coupled with the utilization of heatmaps for effective testing strategies.
Participants will gain insights into the responsibilities, challenges, and best practices associated with test management in SAP projects. Additionally, the webinar delves into the significance of heatmaps as a visual aid for identifying testing priorities, areas of risk, and resource allocation within SAP landscapes. Through this session, attendees can expect to enhance their understanding of test management principles while learning practical approaches to optimize testing processes in SAP environments using heatmap visualization techniques
What will you get from this session?
1. Insights into SAP testing best practices
2. Heatmap utilization for testing
3. Optimization of testing processes
4. Demo
Topics covered:
Execution from the test manager
Orchestrator execution result
Defect reporting
SAP heatmap example with demo
Speaker:
Deepak Rai, Automation Practice Lead, Boundaryless Group and UiPath MVP
Sudheer Mechineni, Head of Application Frameworks, Standard Chartered Bank
Discover how Standard Chartered Bank harnessed the power of Neo4j to transform complex data access challenges into a dynamic, scalable graph database solution. This keynote will cover their journey from initial adoption to deploying a fully automated, enterprise-grade causal cluster, highlighting key strategies for modelling organisational changes and ensuring robust disaster recovery. Learn how these innovations have not only enhanced Standard Chartered Bank’s data infrastructure but also positioned them as pioneers in the banking sector’s adoption of graph technology.
GraphRAG is All You need? LLM & Knowledge GraphGuy Korland
Guy Korland, CEO and Co-founder of FalkorDB, will review two articles on the integration of language models with knowledge graphs.
1. Unifying Large Language Models and Knowledge Graphs: A Roadmap.
https://arxiv.org/abs/2306.08302
2. Microsoft Research's GraphRAG paper and a review paper on various uses of knowledge graphs:
https://www.microsoft.com/en-us/research/blog/graphrag-unlocking-llm-discovery-on-narrative-private-data/
Alt. GDG Cloud Southlake #33: Boule & Rebala: Effective AppSec in SDLC using ...James Anderson
Effective Application Security in Software Delivery lifecycle using Deployment Firewall and DBOM
The modern software delivery process (or the CI/CD process) includes many tools, distributed teams, open-source code, and cloud platforms. Constant focus on speed to release software to market, along with the traditional slow and manual security checks has caused gaps in continuous security as an important piece in the software supply chain. Today organizations feel more susceptible to external and internal cyber threats due to the vast attack surface in their applications supply chain and the lack of end-to-end governance and risk management.
The software team must secure its software delivery process to avoid vulnerability and security breaches. This needs to be achieved with existing tool chains and without extensive rework of the delivery processes. This talk will present strategies and techniques for providing visibility into the true risk of the existing vulnerabilities, preventing the introduction of security issues in the software, resolving vulnerabilities in production environments quickly, and capturing the deployment bill of materials (DBOM).
Speakers:
Bob Boule
Robert Boule is a technology enthusiast with PASSION for technology and making things work along with a knack for helping others understand how things work. He comes with around 20 years of solution engineering experience in application security, software continuous delivery, and SaaS platforms. He is known for his dynamic presentations in CI/CD and application security integrated in software delivery lifecycle.
Gopinath Rebala
Gopinath Rebala is the CTO of OpsMx, where he has overall responsibility for the machine learning and data processing architectures for Secure Software Delivery. Gopi also has a strong connection with our customers, leading design and architecture for strategic implementations. Gopi is a frequent speaker and well-known leader in continuous delivery and integrating security into software delivery.
Observability Concepts EVERY Developer Should Know -- DeveloperWeek Europe.pdfPaige Cruz
Monitoring and observability aren’t traditionally found in software curriculums and many of us cobble this knowledge together from whatever vendor or ecosystem we were first introduced to and whatever is a part of your current company’s observability stack.
While the dev and ops silo continues to crumble….many organizations still relegate monitoring & observability as the purview of ops, infra and SRE teams. This is a mistake - achieving a highly observable system requires collaboration up and down the stack.
I, a former op, would like to extend an invitation to all application developers to join the observability party will share these foundational concepts to build on:
Why You Should Replace Windows 11 with Nitrux Linux 3.5.0 for enhanced perfor...SOFTTECHHUB
The choice of an operating system plays a pivotal role in shaping our computing experience. For decades, Microsoft's Windows has dominated the market, offering a familiar and widely adopted platform for personal and professional use. However, as technological advancements continue to push the boundaries of innovation, alternative operating systems have emerged, challenging the status quo and offering users a fresh perspective on computing.
One such alternative that has garnered significant attention and acclaim is Nitrux Linux 3.5.0, a sleek, powerful, and user-friendly Linux distribution that promises to redefine the way we interact with our devices. With its focus on performance, security, and customization, Nitrux Linux presents a compelling case for those seeking to break free from the constraints of proprietary software and embrace the freedom and flexibility of open-source computing.
LF Energy Webinar: Electrical Grid Modelling and Simulation Through PowSyBl -...DanBrown980551
Do you want to learn how to model and simulate an electrical network from scratch in under an hour?
Then welcome to this PowSyBl workshop, hosted by Rte, the French Transmission System Operator (TSO)!
During the webinar, you will discover the PowSyBl ecosystem as well as handle and study an electrical network through an interactive Python notebook.
PowSyBl is an open source project hosted by LF Energy, which offers a comprehensive set of features for electrical grid modelling and simulation. Among other advanced features, PowSyBl provides:
- A fully editable and extendable library for grid component modelling;
- Visualization tools to display your network;
- Grid simulation tools, such as power flows, security analyses (with or without remedial actions) and sensitivity analyses;
The framework is mostly written in Java, with a Python binding so that Python developers can access PowSyBl functionalities as well.
What you will learn during the webinar:
- For beginners: discover PowSyBl's functionalities through a quick general presentation and the notebook, without needing any expert coding skills;
- For advanced developers: master the skills to efficiently apply PowSyBl functionalities to your real-world scenarios.
Dr. Sean Tan, Head of Data Science, Changi Airport Group
Discover how Changi Airport Group (CAG) leverages graph technologies and generative AI to revolutionize their search capabilities. This session delves into the unique search needs of CAG’s diverse passengers and customers, showcasing how graph data structures enhance the accuracy and relevance of AI-generated search results, mitigating the risk of “hallucinations” and improving the overall customer journey.
Climate Impact of Software Testing at Nordic Testing DaysKari Kakkonen
My slides at Nordic Testing Days 6.6.2024
Climate impact / sustainability of software testing discussed on the talk. ICT and testing must carry their part of global responsibility to help with the climat warming. We can minimize the carbon footprint but we can also have a carbon handprint, a positive impact on the climate. Quality characteristics can be added with sustainability, and then measured continuously. Test environments can be used less, and in smaller scale and on demand. Test techniques can be used in optimizing or minimizing number of tests. Test automation can be used to speed up testing.
2. Importance and uses
• Tomato is one of the versatile crop in the world because
of its fast and wide climatic adaption and it is universally
treated as “protective food”.
• The pulp and juice are digestible ,mild apparent, a
promoter of gastric secretion and blood purifier.
• Also reported to have a antiseptic properties against
intestinal infections and fought against the cancer of
mouth ,etc.
• It stimulates torpid liver and is good in chronic
dyspepsia.
• The solanine content of the pulp made from unripe
tomato is much lower ,similar to peeled potato
(5mg/100g of edible part )
• Its ripe fruits are utilized on a large scale in the
preparation of a variety of processed products, such as
puree, paste, ketchup, sauce, soup, syrup, juice, drinks,
and canned whole peeled fruits.
3. Soil selection:
• Day neutral plant, grow best in warm season because frost cause damage. Crop grows well under
optimum temperature of 210 C-230C.
Climate requirement:
• It grows well in all kinds of soil. For early crop, a sandy loam soil is the best, for higher yield
heavy soils rich in organic matter are preferred. The pH should be 6.0 – 7.0. It is moderately
tolerant to acid soil (pH 5.5).
4. Field
preparation:
Plough the land to fine tilth. Thoroughly prepare the field
with the addition of FYM @ 10 t/acre and form ridges
and furrows at a spacing of 60 cm and for double row
form beds of 90 width on top.
Irrigate the furrows and transplant 25 days old seedlings
on the sides of ridges. Life irrigation to be given on 3rd
day of planting.
5. Varieties:
Selection of tomato varieties have been in plenty suitable almost all parts of the country. Some of the
sought-after varieties are given below.
• Sioux- High yielding dwarf, spreading
• Pusa red plum- Table variety, determinate (IARI)
• Pusa early dwarf- Suitable for kharif and rabi(IARI)
• Co-1- Semi spreading dwarf, fruits in cluster (TNAU)
• Co-2- Mutant of Co-1.
• S-12- High yielding, variety from PAU
• PKM-1- Round fruits with green shoulder
• Pusa Ruby- Indeterminate, flat fruits (IARI)
• Pusa Gaurav- Good for processing (IARI)
• Meghadoot- high yielding variety
6. Season of sowing:
Tomato can be grown in any season as it is a day neutral plant. Three crops are taken in areas which
are not affected by frost.
1) For rainy-autumn crop: The seeds are sown in the month of June and July.
2) For autumn-winter crop: Seeds are sown in the month of Sep-Oct.
3) For spring-summer crop: Seeds are sown in the month of Jan-Feb.
Seed rate:
Varieties : 300-350 g / ha
Hybrids : 100-150 g / ha
Spacing:
60 x 30 cm
45 x 30 cm
8. Weed control:
• The normal method of weed control is to give two hand hoeing in the first
and third fortnight after transplanting and an earthing up operation during
the seasonal fortnight.
• The application of pre emergence herbicides like metribuzin at 0.35kg/ha,
fluchloraline 1.25kg/ha controls the weed population and increases the
yield of tomato.
• Recently the use of pendimethalin @1.0kg/ha as pre emergence
application at three days after transplanting was found very effective in
suppressing the weeds.
9. Staking:
In case of indeterminate varieties, the yield and
quality of fruit is improved by staking the plants
with wooden sticks/polythene threads. Staking
not only increases the yield and improve its
quality but also reduces the infection by fungal
diseases.
10. Harvesting:
• Harvesting of tomato fruits is
carried out either at breaker
stage or at half red depending
upon the market preference.
• First harvest starts at 60 days
after planting.
11. Major pests of Tomato
Thrips: Thrips tabaci
• Mechanically uproot the diseased plants and destroy them
• Use yellow sticky traps @ 15/ha
• Spray methyl demeton 25 EC @1lit/ha or dimethoate 30 EC @1lit/ha
Serpentine leaf miner: Liriomyza trifolii
• Leaf miner damage Mining in the leaf Dried leaves
• Collect and destroy mined leaves
• Spray NSKE 5%
Whitefly: Bemisia tabaci
• Uproot and destroy the diseased leaf curl plants
• Use nitrogen and irrigation judiciously.
• Use yellow sticky traps at 12/ha to attract and kill insects.
• Apply carbofuran 3% G @ 40 kg /ha
• Spray of dimethoate 30% E C @1ml/lt or malathion 1.5ml/lt.
Fruit Borer: Helicoverpa armigera
• Growing of trap crop -40 days old American tall marigold and 25 days oldtomato seedling at 1:16 rows
• Set up pheromone trap with Helilure at 12/ha
• Collection and destruction of damaged fruits and grown up caterpillars
• Release Trichogramma @ 1 lakh nos. /ha release at an interval of 7 days starting from flower initiation.
• Spray Bacillus thuringiensis 2g/lit.
12. Major Disease of Tomato
Damping off : Pythium aphanidermatum
• Use raised seed bed
• Drench with Copper oxychloride 0.2% or Bordeaux mixture 1%.
• Seed treatment with fungal culture Trichoderma viride (4 g/kg of seed) or Thiram (3 g/kg of seed) is the only
preventive measure to control the pre-emergence damping off.
Early Blight: Alternaria solani
• Removal and destruction of crop debris.
• Practicing crop rotation helps to minimize the disease incidence.
• Spray the crop with Mancozeb 0.2 % for effective disease control.
Late blight - Phytophthora infestans
• The affected plants should be removed and destroyed.
• Practicing crop rotation helps to minimize the disease incidence.
• Drench w
Mosaic: Tomato mosaic virus (TMV)
• Use of disease-free seed and seedlings.
• Crop rotation with non-host crops.
• Soaking of the seeds in a solution of Trisodium Phosphate (90 g/litre ofwater) a day before sowing.
• Spray Imidachloprid 0.05 % or Dimethoate 0.05% to control vector with Copper oxychloride 0.2% or Bordeaux
mixture 1%.