Ichthyostega was an early tetrapod that lived 374-359 million years ago. It possessed lungs and limbs that allowed it to navigate shallow waters and swamps, combining fish-like traits like gills with amphibian features like limbs and skull. Dendrerpeton acadianum was an amphibian nearly 1 meter long that lived 300 million years ago in the late Carboniferous period in Nova Scotia, Canada. Eusthenopteron was a fish that lived before Tiktaalik and shared many anatomical similarities with early tetrapods, including internal nostrils, labyrinthodont teeth, and fin skeletons resembling tetrapod limb bones.
The Classification Of Living Organisms Ed205guest89f8df
This is the powerpoint I created for students to be able to interact with the icons on the project, to gain more knowledge about the classification of living organisms.
Iczn(The International Commission on Zoological Nomenclature )Al Nahian Avro
The International Commission on Zoological Nomenclature (ICZN) acts as adviser and arbiter for the zoological community by generating and disseminating information on the correct use of the scientific names of animals. The ICZN is responsible for producing the International Code of Zoological Nomenclature - a set of rules for the naming of animals and the resolution of nomenclatural problems.
Through the process of evolution, few species of reptiles were transformed into modern birds.
This ppt describes about the similarities between reptiles and modern birds.
Second-largest phylum in number of species- over 100,000 described.
Ecologically widespread- marine, freshwater, terrestrial (gastropods very successful on land)
Variety of body plans (therefore, many classes within the phylum)
Variety in body size- from ~1 mm to ~18 m (60 feet). 80% are under 5 cm, but many are large and therefore significant as food for man.
Small pieces loosely joined: a unified theory of biodiversity for the web.Vince Smith
Invited presentation, given in connection with my 2008 Ebbe Nielsen Prize. Part of the 15th meeting of the Governing Board (GB15) of the Global Biodiversity Information Facility (GBIF), Arusha, Tanzania. November 5, 2008.
The Classification Of Living Organisms Ed205guest89f8df
This is the powerpoint I created for students to be able to interact with the icons on the project, to gain more knowledge about the classification of living organisms.
Iczn(The International Commission on Zoological Nomenclature )Al Nahian Avro
The International Commission on Zoological Nomenclature (ICZN) acts as adviser and arbiter for the zoological community by generating and disseminating information on the correct use of the scientific names of animals. The ICZN is responsible for producing the International Code of Zoological Nomenclature - a set of rules for the naming of animals and the resolution of nomenclatural problems.
Through the process of evolution, few species of reptiles were transformed into modern birds.
This ppt describes about the similarities between reptiles and modern birds.
Second-largest phylum in number of species- over 100,000 described.
Ecologically widespread- marine, freshwater, terrestrial (gastropods very successful on land)
Variety of body plans (therefore, many classes within the phylum)
Variety in body size- from ~1 mm to ~18 m (60 feet). 80% are under 5 cm, but many are large and therefore significant as food for man.
Small pieces loosely joined: a unified theory of biodiversity for the web.Vince Smith
Invited presentation, given in connection with my 2008 Ebbe Nielsen Prize. Part of the 15th meeting of the Governing Board (GB15) of the Global Biodiversity Information Facility (GBIF), Arusha, Tanzania. November 5, 2008.
REGISTRO FOSIL
Los estratos debajo de la tierra en ciudades, parques y lugares silvestres están llenos de muchas clases de animales y plantas muertos, algunos planificados, otros casi totalmente disueltos y otros simplemente descompuestos.
Trabajo para la asignatura de zoología del Grado en Biología en la UGR sobre el origen de las aves y su evolución hasta sus formas actuales. Incluye relaciones entre los grupos modernos.
Kingdom Animalia Phylum Chordata Class ReptaliaiPagador
In order for us to understand how all living organisms are related, they are arranged into different groups. The more features that a group of animals share, the more specific the group is. Animals are given scientific names so that people all around the world can communicate about animals, no matter what language they speak (these names are traditionally Latin words). Animals belong to a number of different groups, starting with the animal kingdom.
Kingdom
All living organisms are first placed into different kingdoms. There are five different kingdoms to classify life on Earth, which are Animals, Plants, Fungi, Bacteria, and Protists (single-celled organisms).
Phylum
The animal kingdom is divided into 40 smaller groups, known as phylum. Here, animals are grouped by their main features. Animals usually fall into one of five different phylum which are Cnidaria (invertebrates), Chordata (vertebrates), Arthropods, Molluscs and Echinoderms.
Class
The phylum group is then divided into even smaller groups, known as classes. The Chordata (vertebrates) phylum splits up into Mammalia (Mammals), Actinopterygii (Bony Fish), Chondrichthyes (Cartilaginous Fish) , Aves (Birds), Amphibia (Amphibians) and Reptilia (Reptiles).
Order
Each class is divided into small groups again, known as orders. The class Mammalia (Mammals), splits into different groups including Carnivora, Primate, Artiodactyla and Rodentia.
Family
In every order, there are different families of animals which all have very similar features. The Carnivora order breaks into families that include Felidae (Cats), Canidae (Dogs), Ursidae (Bears), and Mustelidae (Weasels).
Genus
Every animal family is then divided into small groups known as genus. Each genus contains animals that have very similar features and are closely related. For example, the Felidae (Cat) family contains genus including Felis (small Cats and domestic Cats), Panthera (Tigers, Leopards, Jaguars and Lions) and Puma (Panthers and Cougars).
Species
Each individual species within the genus is named after it's individual features and characteristics. The names of animals are in Latin so that they can be understood worldwide, and consist of two words. The first word in the name of an animal will be the genus, and the second name indicates the specific species.
Example 1 - Tiger
Kingdom: Animalia (Animal)
Phylum: Chordata (Vertebrate)
Class: Mammalia (Mammal)
Order: Carnivora (Carnivore)
Family: Felidae (Cat)
Genus: Panthera
Species: Panthera tigris (Tiger)
includes the acanthodians, bony --fishes, and their tetrapod offspring.
Teleostomes give rise to the teleosts (Teleostei).
ACANTHODII “Spiny forms”
The name is derived from the Greek root acantha (Ακανθα), which refers to a spine
Generally small fish but could be as long as 2 meters
Called spiny forms
The first fishes to have jaws
Numerous fins (both in-line and paired), most of which were supported at the anterior end by a large spine.
Basal gnathostomes that shared a suite of characters with the Osteichthyes and the Chondrichthyes (e.g. gills cover by an operculum, placoid-like scales, etc.)
Osteichthyes “bone” and “fish”
Bony Fish
At least some bone in their skeleton and/or scales.
·Operculum-Cover for the gill openings.
Some have lungs·
Lepidotrichia-slender bony rods or “rays”
Swim Bladders to adjust depth in the water. ·
Two classes:
Actinopterygians
Sarcopterygians
Actinopterygii “Ray-finned”
-dominant aquatic vertebrates since the mid-Paleozoic.
Fish Biologists
Chondrosteans
Holosteans
Teleosts
TWO DIVISIONS:
Palaeonisciformes
Neopterygii
Palaeonisciformes “primitive ray- finned fishes”
-Probably the earliest bony fishes.
-Includes living paddlefish,sturgeon and bichir (Africa)
-Marine and FW forms
-Characterized by...
heterocercal tail
The base of each scale was made of bone,the middle of dentin and the surface with an enamel-like substance called ganoine. Hence the name ganoid scales.
primitive forms with lungs to gulp air in oxygen-poor Devonian FW habitats
Neopterygii “advanced ray-finned fishes”
Replaced Palaeonisciformes as dominant fish group in early Mesozoic
Great range of morphologies and inhabit variety of habitats worldwide; trend toward invasion of SW habitats
Loss of ganoine scales and shortening of tail (homocercal tail)
Primitive living Neopterygians include gars and bowfins (former Holosteans)
Most recent group= Teleosts - 20,000 species; represent vast majority of living fishes
Sarcopterygii “fleshy-finned fish”
Second group of bony fishes
fins evolved into tetrapod limbs
Surviving sarcopterygian
lungfishes (dipnoans)-tropical streams
Coelacanths-e deep waters of the Indian Ocean
Choanae- external nostrils opening internally to the mouth through holes
Scale types of bony fishes
Fish tail types
Actinistia (Coelacanths)-first appeared in the Middle Devonian and survived into the Late Mesozoic
Latimeria- deep oceanic shelves of 100–400 meters
braincase - divided by a hingelike joint transversely across the top of the skull
vertebral centra – tiny
notochord is- prominent
swim bladder –doesn't serve in respiration but is filled with fat.
Lobefins-hold and position the fish within feeding currents
Reptiles are tetrapod animals in the class Reptilia, comprising today's turtles, crocodilians, snakes, amphisbaenians, lizards, tuatara, and their extinct relatives. The study of these traditional reptile orders, historically combined with that of modern amphibians, is called herpetology.
Introduction
Ostracoderms (shell-skinned) are of several groups of extinct, primitive, jawless fishes that were covered in an armour of bony plates.
They appeared in the Cambrian, about 510 million years ago, and became extinct towards the end of the Devonian, about 377 million years ago. They were quite abundant during the upper Silurian and Devonian periods. Most of fossils of Ostracodermi were preserved in the bottom sediments of freshwater streams.
However, the opinion is sharply divided as to whether their habitat was freshwater or marine.
The first fossil fishes that were discovered were ostracoderms.
The Swiss anatomist Louis Agassiz received some fossils of bony armored fish from Scotland in the 1830s.
The ostracoderms resembled the present day cyclostomes (lampreys and hagfishes) in many respects and together with them constitute a special group of jawless vertebrates, the Agnatha.
Characteristics: They use gills exclusively for respiration but not for feeding . Earlier chordates with gills used them for both respiration and feeding. Ostracoderms had separate pharyngeal gill pouches along the side of the head, which were permanently open with no protective operculum. mostly small to medium-sized fishes, protected by a heavy, bony dermal (derived from skin) armor. bottom-dwellers; filter-feeders or grazers. no paired fins, but many with stabilizing paired flaps on either side of head.
(1) Ostracoderms were the first vertebrates.
(2) They were popularly called armoured fishes.
(4) They lived in freshwater.
(5) They were bottom dwellers.
(6) Their body was fish-like and did not exceed 30 cm in size.
(7) Paired fins were absent.
(8) Median and caudal fins were present.
(9) The caudal fin was of heterocercal type.
(10) The head and thorax were covered by heavy armour of bones. It protected ostracoderms from the giant scorpion like arthropods, eurypterids.
(11) Bony skull was well developed.
(12) Mouth was mostly present on the ventral side.
(13) They were having large number of gill slits.
(14) The nervous system had 10 pairs of cranial nerves.
(15) The head had a pair of lateral eyes, and a median pineal eye.
(16) They were filter feeders, feeding like a vacuum cleaner.
(17) The endoskeleton was either bony or cartilaginous.
Comparitive anatomy of dentition /orthodontic courses by Indian dental academyIndian dental academy
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
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How to Split Bills in the Odoo 17 POS ModuleCeline George
Bills have a main role in point of sale procedure. It will help to track sales, handling payments and giving receipts to customers. Bill splitting also has an important role in POS. For example, If some friends come together for dinner and if they want to divide the bill then it is possible by POS bill splitting. This slide will show how to split bills in odoo 17 POS.
Operation “Blue Star” is the only event in the history of Independent India where the state went into war with its own people. Even after about 40 years it is not clear if it was culmination of states anger over people of the region, a political game of power or start of dictatorial chapter in the democratic setup.
The people of Punjab felt alienated from main stream due to denial of their just demands during a long democratic struggle since independence. As it happen all over the word, it led to militant struggle with great loss of lives of military, police and civilian personnel. Killing of Indira Gandhi and massacre of innocent Sikhs in Delhi and other India cities was also associated with this movement.
Model Attribute Check Company Auto PropertyCeline George
In Odoo, the multi-company feature allows you to manage multiple companies within a single Odoo database instance. Each company can have its own configurations while still sharing common resources such as products, customers, and suppliers.
This is a presentation by Dada Robert in a Your Skill Boost masterclass organised by the Excellence Foundation for South Sudan (EFSS) on Saturday, the 25th and Sunday, the 26th of May 2024.
He discussed the concept of quality improvement, emphasizing its applicability to various aspects of life, including personal, project, and program improvements. He defined quality as doing the right thing at the right time in the right way to achieve the best possible results and discussed the concept of the "gap" between what we know and what we do, and how this gap represents the areas we need to improve. He explained the scientific approach to quality improvement, which involves systematic performance analysis, testing and learning, and implementing change ideas. He also highlighted the importance of client focus and a team approach to quality improvement.
Instructions for Submissions thorugh G- Classroom.pptxJheel Barad
This presentation provides a briefing on how to upload submissions and documents in Google Classroom. It was prepared as part of an orientation for new Sainik School in-service teacher trainees. As a training officer, my goal is to ensure that you are comfortable and proficient with this essential tool for managing assignments and fostering student engagement.
We all have good and bad thoughts from time to time and situation to situation. We are bombarded daily with spiraling thoughts(both negative and positive) creating all-consuming feel , making us difficult to manage with associated suffering. Good thoughts are like our Mob Signal (Positive thought) amidst noise(negative thought) in the atmosphere. Negative thoughts like noise outweigh positive thoughts. These thoughts often create unwanted confusion, trouble, stress and frustration in our mind as well as chaos in our physical world. Negative thoughts are also known as “distorted thinking”.
The Indian economy is classified into different sectors to simplify the analysis and understanding of economic activities. For Class 10, it's essential to grasp the sectors of the Indian economy, understand their characteristics, and recognize their importance. This guide will provide detailed notes on the Sectors of the Indian Economy Class 10, using specific long-tail keywords to enhance comprehension.
For more information, visit-www.vavaclasses.com
Ethnobotany and Ethnopharmacology:
Ethnobotany in herbal drug evaluation,
Impact of Ethnobotany in traditional medicine,
New development in herbals,
Bio-prospecting tools for drug discovery,
Role of Ethnopharmacology in drug evaluation,
Reverse Pharmacology.
7. Ichthyostega
Ichthyostega (Greek: "fish roof") is an early tetrapod
that lived at 374 – 359 million years ago; it possessed
lungs and limbs that helped it navigate through shallow
water (acque basse) in swamps. Though undoubtedly
of amphibian build and habit, Ichthyostegais not
considered a true member of the group in the narrow
sense. Until finds of other early tetrapods and closely
related fishes in the late 20th
century, Ichthyostega stood
alone as the transitional fossil between fish and
tetrapods, combining a fishlike tail and gills with an
amphibian skull and limbs.
10. A representation of the fauna of Canada’s World
Heritage Joggins Fossil Cliffs.
Dendrerpeton chases a pair of early reptiles
(Hylonomus) up a lycopod tree. The little microsaurian
amphibian Asaphestera scuttles into the undergrowth.
Behind them, the giant millipede-like
arthropod Arthropleura forages unconcerned.”
Joggins-LifeintheCarboniferous"
BrianChoo
14. Anatomically, Eusthenopteron shares many unique features in
common with the earliest known tetrapods. Largest individuals grew
up to 1.8 m (6.5 ft) in length. It shares a similar pattern of skull
roofing bones with forms such as Ichthyostega and Acanthostega.
Eusthenopteron, had internal nostrils, (or a choana) which are found
only in land animals and sarcopterygians.
It also had labyrinthodont teeth, characterized by infolded enamel,
which characterizes all of the earliest known tetrapods as well.
Similarly, its elasmoid scales lack superficial odontodes composed
of dentine and enamel; this loss appears to be a synapomorphy with
more crownward tetrapodomorphs.
Grew-Growth
internal nostrils choana
scales
15. Eusthenopteron's notoriety comes from the pattern of its
fin endoskeleton, which bears a distinct humerus, ulna, and radius
(in the fore-fin) and femur, tibia, and fibula (in the pelvic fin).
These appendicular long bones had epiphyseal growth plates that
allowed substantial longitudinal growth through endochondral
ossification, as in tetrapod long bones.
Fin = pinna
