Tidal energy harnesses the kinetic energy of tides to generate electricity. Tides are caused by the gravitational forces of the moon and sun. There are two main methods to capture tidal energy - tidal barrages use dams and turbines to capture potential energy differences between high and low tides, while tidal stream generators use underwater turbines similar to wind turbines to capture the kinetic energy of moving water currents. India has an estimated potential of 8000 MW of power from tidal sources concentrated in the Gulf of Cambay and Gulf of Kutch. While tidal energy has advantages of being predictable, renewable and improving technologies are lowering costs, challenges include high initial costs and potential environmental impacts which require further study.

1. A Seminar Presentation on
Tidal Energy
Presented by:
Sakshyam Rai
1403040093
Presented to:
Dr. PK Gupta
Mr. Arpit Rastogi
Faculty Incharge
A non conventional energy resource

2. Contents
• Relevancy of the topic
• Introduction
• Knowledge of Tides, its form
• Components of Tidal Powerplant
• Types of Turbine
• Generating Methods
• Modes of operations
• Latest advancements
• Advantage and Didasvantages
• Improvements possible
• Scope in Indian Prespective

3. TIDAL ENERGY
Also known as Tidal Power, is a form of hydropower that
converts the energy of tides into useful forms of energy- mainly
electricity.

4. 2011: 19X0.001%= 0.00019%
2010: 0.00017%
2009: 0.00016%
But, potential of the ocean currents is to
produce 450TW, which is 1.8 million times
the current production
Source: Energy info administration, annual
energy outlook, 2013
Development over the years

5. First Tidal power station
 Rance tidal Power plant
 1960-1966
 La Rance, France
 240MW capacity (satisfies 0.012%
of power demand of france)
 2nd biggest tidal power station

6. A TIDE
Tides are the rising and falling of Earth’s ocean surface,
caused by the gravitational attracrtion by the celestial bodies.
Tidal Force
The Tidal Force is the vectorial difference between the
gravitational force of the Earth and that of moon.
*Tidal energy is the only type of energy, whose source is MOON

7.  Tides Classifications: I
 Semidiurnal Tides eg. Gulf of mexico
 Mixed Tides eg. Moon passing through
equator
 Diurnal Tides most common type
 Tides Classifications: II
 Spring tides
Both sun and moon, pulls in same line
 Neap Tides
Moon in quadrature wrt Sun (90 degrees)

8. Principles of Tidal Power station
 Barrages make use of
Potential energy from the
difference in height of the
high and low tides.

9.  Tidal stream systems use
the kinetic energy from the
moving water currents to
power turbines, in a similar
way of that of the wind mills.

10. Components of Tidal Power Plant:
 Gates and Locks
 Power house
 Turbines
 Sluices
 Embankment

11. Types of turbines used:
1. Propeller type
Used at Medium or low head
Usually at Vertical channel
Not suitable
2. Tube Turbine
For lower heads
Generator is placed outside water
3. Bulb Turbines
Used in Horizontal flow
Most used
Generator is placed within a bulb like structure

12. Generating Methods
1. Tidal Steam Generator
 Uses KE of flowing water
 Can be also installed in the river, straits
 Conceived in 1970s
 Cheapest and least damaging
 Compared to wind turbines:
Similar power at water speed of 2 knots
4x power at 4-6 knots

13. TSG
 Axial Turbines- close in concept to traditional wind mills, most used
too.
 Cross Flow Turbines- Invented in 1923, can be installed either
vertical or horizontally only
 Flow augmented/Venturi- Use of ducts to augment the flow going
into turbine, signficant increase in power, can operate at slower
velocities, growing technology

14. 2. Tidal Barrage
 Uses PE of water
 Uses a dam like structure
 2 flow directions
 Oldest method
It has 3 types
1. Ebb Generation
2. Floor Generation
3. Dual Flow

15. Tidal Barrage- Ebb Generation
 Basin is filled with incoming high tide current
 Sluice gates are closed
 When outside water level is low enough, gates are opened to allow
water going out, through turbines

16. Tidal Barrage- Flood generation
The basin is emptied with low tide.
Sluice gates are closed
When water level outside is high enough, gates are opened to allow
water through turbines

17. Latest Advancements
1. Tidal Lagoon
A new tidal energy design option is to construct circular retaining walls
embedded with turbines that can capture the potential energy of tides.
It’s a combination of Flood and Ebb.
The proposed Tidal Lagoon Swansea Bay in Wales, United Kingdom
would be the first tidal power station of this type once built

18.  Latest advancements
2. Dynamic tidal power
 Untried but promising technology (SINCE 1997)
 It proposes that very long dams (for example: 30–50 km length) be
built from coasts straight out into the sea or ocean, without enclosing
an area.
 Consists of parallel barrier to cause
water level differences.
 China, Korea and UK are working
on it.

19. Operation Methods
 Single Basin System
Ebb Method
Flood Method
Two way Power generation
 Double Basin system

20. Biggest Power Plants in the world
The biggest tidal powerplants in current time are the tidal barrage type ones.
These are:
(Just to have a reference for comparison, the biggest hydro electricity plant
in the world produces 22500 MW)

21. SCOPE
Developing nations
which could receive
significant benefits:
Indian Ocean: Comoros, Madagascar, Maldives, Seychelles
Asia: India, China, Korea, Vietnam
Pacific Ocean: Fiji, Kiribati, Timor, Samoa, PNG
Central and south America: Argebtina, Brazil, Equador, Panama
Atlantic Oceans: Cape Verde

22. Scope (Indian perspective)
 In 2011, there was an announcement that a tidal powerplant
will be constructed in the Gulf of Kutch, Gujrat. Wth initial
capacity of 50MW, it was to be expanded to 200 MW. In
2016, there was a news that government would tie up with an
Israeli firm to setup tidal power plants in Goa.
 Acc to estimates of Indian govt, the country has a potential of
8000 MW of tidal energy. Thus include about 7000 MW, in
Gulf of Cambay in Gujrat, 1200 MW in gulf of Kutch and 100
MW in Gangetic delta in Sunderbans region in West Bengal.

23. Tidal Power
Advantages
 Completely Renewable
 Tides behaviour is more
predictable than solar and
wind
 New technologies are
bringing down the cost and
increasing the efficiency
Disadvantages
• High cost
• Limited availability of proper
sites
• Adverse effects on marine life
• Lack of studies and R&D

24. Improvement Opportunities
 Interfacing the TPS ouyput with the national grids
 Assessment of the economic interests, in order to promote or
sell new ideas.
 New projects for unexplored areas
 Studies to minimize the environmental impact
 Optimizing existing schemes

25. References
 http://emec.org.uk/
 Wikipedia
 www.answers.com
 www.energybusinessdaily.com
 encyclopedia2.thefreedictionary.com
 nptel

26. Thank You