This document summarizes information about the botanical classification, morphology, propagation, cultivation, harvesting, and uses of the Thippili (Piper longum) plant. It belongs to the Piperaceae family. It is a slender, branched herb that needs support. Leaves are ovate with lobes at the base. Flowers are unisexual spikes. It is propagated through stem cuttings in nurseries from March to April. It requires hot, humid climates with annual rainfall of 1500mm. Mature fruits are harvested before ripening when firm and blackish-green. Dried fruits and roots are used as a spice and for medicinal purposes to treat liver ailments, weight loss, diabetes, infections,

1. UNIVERSITY OF COLOMBO
INSTITUTE FOR AGRO TECHNOLOGY AND RURAL SCIENCES
(UCIARS)
3rd Year 1st Semester Group B
2018/2019
Group No. 07 1
Activity No o1
AT30106 PROFUCTION AND MANAGEMENT OF MEDICINAL PLANRT

2. BOTANICAL
CLASSIFICATION OF
THIPPILI
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3. 3
THIPPLILI
• Kingdom : Plantae
• Clade : Traheophyt
• Clade : Angiosperum
• Clade: magnoliide
• Order: Piperales
• Family: Piperacae
• Genus: Piper
• Species: P. Longum
• Botanical name: Piper Longum

4. Morphology of Thippili
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5. Morphological Character of Thippili
• Long pepper is the fruit of Piper longum which is a Slender, much
branched, ascending herb and needs support for its proper growth.
• The leaves are 5-9 cm long and 5 cm wide lower leaves are broadly
ovate, deeply cordate with big lobes at the base, sub acute, entire and
glabrous upper leaves are dark green and cordate with short petiole or
nearly sessile.
• The young shoots are drooping type.
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6. Floral Characteristics
• Flowers are unisexual arranged in erect spikes.
• Female spikes are 1.25-2.00 cm long arising singly from leaf axil are
cylindrical, short and stout.
• It gives rise to multiple fruit, which is shining dark green when immature
and blackish-green when fully mature.
• Male spikes are longer, slender and are 2.5-7.5 cm long. The male spikes
are dehiscent and non-productive.
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7. leaves
Unripe fruit (Spikes) Dried mature fruits
1.25-2.00 cm long
5-9 cm long and 5 cm
wide
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8. SOIL AND CLIMATIC
REQUIREMENT IN THIPPILI
PLANT
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9. Soil Requirements
• It is cultivated successfully in laterite soils.
• Rich in organic matter (humus) are suited for cultivation.
• Water holding capacity and well drained fertile black cotton soil.
Climatic Requirements
• The plant requires hot and humid climate.
• Lower elevations are best suited for cultivation.
• Suitable elevation is between 100 to 1000 MSL.
• It thrives well in regions having 30 – 32 °C temperature.
• Humidity is 60%.
• Annual rainfall is 1500 mm.
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10. PROPAGATION OF THIPPILI
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11. Propagation Material
o Long pepper is propagated through stem or vine cuttings at the
beginning of rainy season.
o It can be easily propagated through the terminal stem cuttings
obtained from year old growth and 3-5 internodes.
o Vine cuttings can be rooted in polythene bags, filled with the
common pot mixture. The nursery can be raised during March and
April.
o The cuttings planted in March-April will be ready for planting in the
main field by the end of May.
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Stem Cutting

12. 12
Nursery Technique
Raising Propagules :
• Stem or vine cuttings are transplanted soon after the setting in of
monsoon rains.
 The best time for raising nursery is during March and April to avoid
mealy-bug attack on roots, irrigation may be given on alternate days.
 The cutting will be ready for planting where excess moisture is available
by the end of May.
Transplanting the Seedlings :
 The crop cannot survive in water logging conditions.
 Raised beds of 3.0 X 2.5 meter are prepared and pits are dug at a
distance of 60 X 60 cm and dried cow-dung or farmyard manure at the
rate of 100 gm/pit is applied and mixed with soil.
 Two rooted cuttings or suckers with roots are planted in each pit.

13. THIPPILI CULTIVATION
AND MANAGEMENT
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14. Seed and Sowing
It can be propagated through rooted cuttings.
Rooted cuttings
Spacing
Hills : 2 x 2 m
Plains : 60 x 30 cm
• In plain conditions, cultivation can be taken under coconut or Areca plantations
while in hilly areas, it can be planted as intercrop in between banana or
casuarinas trees.
• To prevent from excess temperature during late afternoon, shade trees like
Dadaps and Banana can be planted.
• Some of the wide spreaded branches may be trimmed once in a year for
maintaining the shade.
Season
• The planting is distributed from June – July and September – October
• Planting can also be taken in coconut and areca plantations in multitier cropping
pattern.
• Pits of 15 cm depth are formed and the rooted cuttings are planted at the center
of pit. 14

15. Thipili Plant Maintaining
• Irrigation is need to done at weekly intervals.
Manuring
• Incorporate 20 – 25 (plains) and 10 t/ha (hills) of FYM
After cultivation
• Weeding followed by earthing up is required up to 3 months.
• Dry leaves are used as mulches.
• Annually trim the shade trees to ensure adequate shade. Additional shade
requirement in areca gardens can be provided by planting Banana.
Diseases
• Leaf spot During rainy seasons spray Mancozeb 2g liter of water.
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16. THIPPILI HARVESTING
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17. Crop Maturity and Harvesting :
• Vines start flowering six months after planting.
• Fruits take about two months to mature from its formation. Full-grown mature
fruits re harvested before ripening, when it is firm and blackish-green.
• Harvesting of over matured or ripened fruits reduce the quality of the produce
as well as it does not break easily after full drying.
• Yield of dry fruits in first year is about 100-150 kg/ha and it attains up to 0.75 -
1.0 t/ha in third to fourth year.
• Yield starts declining and gradually becomes uneconomic after fifth year.
Therefore, it is usually cultivated as a 4 to 5-year crop.
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Post-harvest Management :
 The harvested spikes are dried in the sun for 4 to 5 days until they are
perfectly dry.
 The dried spikes are then stored in the moisture proof containers.
 Besides fruits, roots and thicker basal stem portions are also collected
before crop is abandoned.
 These are cut into small pieces of 3.0-5.0 cm long and dried.
 On an average about 500 kg roots are obtained per hectare.

19. USES OF THIPPILI PLANT
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20. 20
Uses Of Thippili Plant
Thippili (Long pepper) is usually dried and used as a spice and
seasoning. Also use as Thippili khanda. It has numerous health benefits.
• Liver Ailments
Thippili have a healing effect on the overworked liver. It also helps to
eliminating toxins that build up inside the liver due to oily, unhealthy
foods.
• Weight Loss
Thippili helps in burning fatty acids.
• Diabetes
Thippili can regulate the rate at which glucose is released in the
blood. So regular consumption of Thippili is beneficial for all diabetic.
• Bacterial Infections
Combat with bacteria infections like stomach upset or vomiting due to
unsafe water or contaminated foods, Thippili is perfect.

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Uses Of Thippili Plant continue…
• Cough
Thippili benefits against coughing too. it also relieve sore throat.
• Indigestion
Thippili contains some stomach soothing chemicals, which can treat
indigestion. It also reduces diarrhea.
• Fever
Thippili is also said to reduce fever. It has great antiseptic and
antibiotic properties.
• Toothache
If you have a toothache, thippili is a good remedy.
• Asthma
Regular consumption of thippili can reduce the Asthma attack also.

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Group Members
• Mr. M.G.L.Udana 2020944
• Ms. K.A.S.V.Jayaweera 20201008
• Ms. K.S.J.Somarathne 20201033
• Mr. S.V. Pranawanith 20201040
• Ms. H.P.S.G. Rajapaksha 20201073
• Ms. H.A.A.H. Halahkoon 20201075
• Mr. R.J.Hussain 20201135
• Mr. U.K.D.K.A.Kularathna 20201158
• Mr. U.B.E.L.Udawaththa 20201175
• Mr. G.V.D. Nayanjith 20201252
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