A thermal power plant uses coal, natural gas, or oil to heat water and create steam to power turbines that generate electricity. Coal-based thermal power plants specifically work on the Rankine principle. Coal is pulverized and burned in a boiler to heat water, creating steam that spins a turbine connected to a generator to produce electricity. However, burning coal releases pollutants into the air, water, and land. Thermal power plants implement control measures like electrostatic precipitators, effluent treatment plants, and noise insulation to reduce their environmental impact.

1. THERMAL POWER PLANT
 A thermal power plant is
usually defined by the type of
fuel used to heat the water
and create steam.
 A fossil-fuel power plant is
one that burns fossil fuels
such as coal, natural gas or
petroleum (oil) to produce
electricity. Fossil-fuel power
plants are designed on a
large scale for continuous
operation.

2. OPERATIONS OF COAL
BASEDTHERMAL POWER
PLANT

3. THERMAL POWER PLANT BASICALLYWORKS ON RANKINE PRINCIPLE.

4. •CONVEYOR: BELTTYPE ARRANGMENT USEDTOTRANSMIT COAL FROM STORAGE.
•PULVERISER/MIL: A PULVERIZER ISA DEVICE USED FOR GINDINGCOAL FOR
COMBUSTION.
•BOILER: COAL IS BURNED INSIDETHE CUMBUSTION CHAMBER OF BOILERTO HEAT
THEWATER.
•STACK: A CHIMNEY ISA SYSTEM FORVENTING HOT FLURE GASESOR SMOKE
FROMA BOILER.
•CONDENSOR: STEAMAFTER ROTATINGTURBINECOMESTO CONDENSORWHERE
IT IS COOLEDANDTURNED IT BACK INTOWATER.
•GENERATOR: ANALTERNATOR ISAN ELECTROMECHANICAL DEVICETO CONVERT
M.E INTO A.C CURRUENT.
•TRANSFORMER: A DEVICEWHICHTRANSFERSTHE ELECTRICITY FROMAC CIRCUIT
TO OTHER CIRCUITS.

5. ENVIORMENTAL IMPACT
OFTHERMAL POWER
PLANT

6. BURNING COAL RELEASES
MASSIVEAMOUNT OFTAXIC
MATERIALS SUCH AS MURCURY
ANDARSENIC.
CBTPPARE RESPONSIBLE FOR
21% OFTHE GREEN HOUSE GAS
EMMISSION.
OFFICIAL FIGURES FROM CHINA
SUGGESTTHATTPP USING COAL
RELEAES 11MILLIONTONSOF SO2
INTOTHE AIR , MORETHEN 50% OF
THETOTAL EMMISSION INTHE
COUNTRY.
AIR POLLUTION

8. WATER
POLLUTION
Decrease in DO (Dissolved
Oxygen) Levels
 Increase inToxins
 Loss of Biodiversity
Ecological Impact
Affects Reproductive Systems
Increases Metabolic Rate
Migration

9. LAND
POLLUTION
Change in climate patterns
 Environmental Impact
Effect on human health
Distraction forTourist
Effect on wildlife

10. AIR POLLUTION
NOISE AND LIGHT
POLLUTION
Affects Reproductive Systems
Migration
 Loss of Biodiversity
EFFECT
ONWILD
LIFE

11. POLLUTION
CONTROLLING MEASURES

12. AIR POLLUTION CONTROL MEASURES
ELECTROSTATIC PRECIPITATOR
THE ASH LEFT BEHINDAFTER
COMBUSTIONOF COAL IS
ARRESTED IN HIGH EFFICIENCY
ESPAND PARTICULATE
EMMISSION IS CONTROLLED AND
DISPOSEDTO ASH POND.
DRY ASH EXTRACTOR:
1. STRUCTURAL LAND FILLING
2. ROAD MAKING
3. CEMENT MANUFACTURING
4. BRICKS MANUFACTURING

13. WATER POLLUTION CONTROL
MEASURES
 COAL AND OIL SETTING PITS
INTHESE PITS COAL DUST AND OIL
ARE REMOVED FROMTHE EFFLUENT
INTHE COAL HANDLING PLANTS
BEFORE DISCHARGING INTO
EFFLUENTTREATMENT PLANT.
 NUTRALIZATION PITS:
NEUTRALIZATION PITS ARE
PROVIDED INWATERTREATEMENT
FOR PH CONTROL FOR FURTHUR
TREATMENT AND USE
 EFFLUENTTREATMENT PLANT:
CLEAN EFFLUENT FROMTHE PLANTS
TO MEETTHE ENVIORNMENTAL
STANDARDS ANDTO REDUCE INTAKE
WATER REQUIRMENT.
 COOLING TOWERS:
COOLINGTOWERS ARE PROVIDEDTO
COOL DOWNTHEWARM WATER
COMING FROMTHE PLANT.

14. NOISE POLLUTION
 THE ENTIRE PLANT IS SO
INSTALLEDTHATTHE
RESULTANT NOISE REMAIN
WITHINTHE PREMISESOF
THE PLANT.
 STANDARD FOR
INDUSTRIALARE IS 70DB
MAX OUTSIDETHE
PROJECT PROPERTY
BOUNDARY.
 ALLTHE EQUIPMENT IN
THE PLANTARE
DESIGHNEDTO NOTTO
EXCEEDTHE LIMITATIONS
OF 80-90DB (OSHA)
 EAR PLUGS SHOULD BE
USED BYTHE EMPLOYERS
WORKING INTHE PLANTS.