X-rays are invisible electromagnetic radiation that can pass through and image opaque objects. They were accidentally discovered in 1895 by Wilhelm Röntgen in Germany while experimenting with cathode ray tubes. Röntgen found that a new type of ray could pass through paper and wood but was blocked by denser materials like lead. He called them X-rays due to their unknown nature. X-rays revolutionized fields like medicine by allowing internal body structures to be imaged without surgery. They enabled diagnoses and medical advances but also posed health risks from radiation exposure.

1. THE X-RAYS
By Andrea Palomero

2. INDEX
• What is it ?
• Who, when and where invented it?
• Uses and applications.
• Before the discovery of X-RAYS.
• Health risks.
• Anecdotes

3. WHAT IS IT?
• X-rays are invisible electromagnetic radiations able
of penetrating opaque bodies and printing photographic
film. Its discovery was called
'mystery ray' because he didn‘t
know what it was, or how it
occurred; nowadays it's called
'X-ray'.
SEA ​​HORSE
HUMAN BODY

4. WHO, WHEN AND WHERE INVENTED IT?
• Who: The inventor was a German
physicist, Wilhelm Conrad Röntgen.
• When: On 8th of November of 1895.
• Where: All this was accidentally discovered
in the laboratory of the University of
Wurzburg (Germany).
• On 1st of January of 1896, he sent his
colleagues across Europe, with details about this
amazing research and to prove it, he included
the photo of the hand of his wife. The news spread
rapidly and his discoverer received many awards,
including the Nobel Prize for Physics in 1901.
WILHELM CONRAD RÖNTGEN.
HAND OF THE WIFE OF
RÖNTGEN.

5. USES AND APPLICATIONS.
• The discovery was a authentic revolution in Medicine and Physics.
Why: It let to understand how the illness happens inside of the human body.
DOCTOR WITH A RADIOGRAPHY.

6. USES AND APPLICATIONS.
Other applications:
• Airport: It used to scan and find dangerous things in the luggage or even
hidden objects in the body of the people. ( It's a special X-Ray with low
intensity).
WOMAN SCANING HER
BODY
LUGGAGE WHIT A GUN

7. USES AND APPLICATIONS.
• Art: It used to discover if the painting, sculptures, etc... are authentic. Also,
it used to rebuild pictures and recognize pearls and gemstones.
MONA LISA ACIENT BOOK

8. USES AND APPLICATIONS.
• Astronomy: They use the X-RAY to detect some elements of the space ( for
example: black holes , start of neutrons or even The Sun)
MACHINE

9. USES AND APPLICATIONS.
• Industry: It used as a quality control method, to check out or inspect the
things ( for example: the bad units can eliminate in the same place of the
production)
MAN WORKING IN INDUSTRY

10. USES AND APPLICATIONS.
• Investigation: It's basic to know the crystalline substances and it chemical
components.
AND MORE AND MORE APPLICATIONS…....
MAN INVESTIGETING

11. BEFORE THE DISCOVERY OF X-RAYS.
• Before of that date (8th of November of 1895), the doctors could only
understand the problems or illness of the patients asking or touching their
body
• For the medicine, this discovery let to study inside human body, doing year
after year more accurate the diagnosis of illness.
LATEST ADVANCES IN X- RAYS

12. HEALTH RISKS.
• Secondary effects: skin pain, redness, digestive problems, anemia, hair loss,
sterility, nauseas....
• X- RAYS ARE DANGEROUS:
- Only use X-rays if it's vital.
- If you are pregnant.
- For babies or children .
• Radiology assistants must use a special clothing .
• X-Ray Signal.
ULTRASOUND
X-RAY SIGNAL

13. ANECDOTE
• Pedoscope (Shoe-fitting fluoroscope):
-A special machine
installed in shoe stores .
- from the 1920s until
the 1950s.
- in USA, Europe
( Germany, UK ..).
- It had an X-ray machine
inside, so you could see
the bones of the feet.
-In the 1950s, medical
organizations said it was
dangerous for the health,
and prohibited it.
PEDOSCOPE