This document outlines the goals and structure of the CGIAR Research Program on Forests, Trees and Agroforestry. The program aims to increase sustainable productivity and livelihoods through research on smallholder systems, forest and tree resource management, environmental services, and climate change impacts. It will take an integrated approach across scales and disciplines. The program consists of 5 components addressing issues like production, conservation, landscape management, climate change, and trade impacts. It establishes teams and committees for implementation and governance to achieve impacts like reducing deforestation and increasing incomes for millions of people by 2022. Challenges include integrating diverse methods, inclusive decision-making, and managing expectations with limited additional funding.

1. CGIAR Research Program on Forests, Trees and Agroforestry Challenges and Opportunities ICRAF, Nairobi – November 12, 2010

2. CGIAR strategic objectives Create and accelerate sustainable increases in the productivity and production of healthy food by and for the poor Conserve, enhance and sustainably use natural resources and biodiversity to improve the livelihoods of the poor in response to climate change and other factors Promote policy and institutional change that will stimulate agricultural growth and equity to benefit the poor, especially rural women and other disadvantaged groups

3. The forests/trees/agroforestry piece

4. Consultative development process 328 73 171 34 Respondents Full draft proposal Respondents 20 page concept note 27 August 14 July 5 July 27 May

5. Aspirations Impact-driven Clear impact pathways Dynamic communication of knowledge and solutions Strategic partnerships to change policy and practice Long-term, global comparative research Potential “sentinel landscapes” Integrated across scales, ecosystems and landscapes Trees on farms to undisturbed forests Species-level genetic diversity to global policy Integrated across institutions, sectors and disciplines

7. 1.3 billion hectares of closed forests and

8. 500 million ha of open and fragmented forests

9. 0.5 to 1.7 million ha of forest saved annually from deforestation.

10. Ecologically and socially sustainable production and management practices adopted in 9.3–27.8million ha of managed forests in target regions.

12. Illustrative impact pathway – climate change

13. Components Smallholder production systems and markets Management and conservation of forest and tree resources Environmental services and landscape management Climate change adaptation and mitigation Impacts of trade and investment on forests and people Increasing Scale

14. Conceptual framework

15. Component 1Smallholder production systems and markets Research themes: Enhancing management and production systems for smallholders (food security and nutrition) Increasing income generation and market integration for smallholders Improving policy and institutions to enhance social assets to secure rights in forest- and tree-dependent communities

16. Example of Component 1 research ICRAF collaboration with Unilever, SNV, and IUCN on improving propagation, survival, and growth rates supported smallholders to plant 100,000 improved Allanblackia seedlings.

17. Component 2Management and conservation of forest and tree resources Research themes: Understanding threats to important tree species and formulating genetic conservation strategies Conserving and characterizing high-quality germplasm of important tree crops and their wild relatives Developing improved silvicultural, monitoring and management practices for multiple use Developing tools and methods to resolve conflicts over distribution of benefits and resource rights

18. Example of Component 2 research Improved timber harvesting practices could reduce 10% of total emissions linked to deforestation, and support multiple use of forests for NTFPs and biodiversity conservation.

19. Component 3Environmental services and landscape management Research themes: Understanding drivers of forest transition Understanding the consequences of forest transition for environmental services and livelihoods Integrating at a landscape scale a network of “sentinel landscapes”

20. Example of Component 3 research Action research undertaken by CIFOR and ICRAF on co-management of forests between local communities and government in Guinea led to a decrease in the incidence of fire, improved wildlife habitat, and increases in local incomes.

21. Component 4Climate change adaptation and mitigation Research themes: Harnessing forests, trees and agroforestry for climate change mitigation Enhancing climate change adaptation Understanding synergies between climate change mitigation and adaptation

22. Example of Component 4 research Joint CIFOR-CATIE research on tropical forests and climate change adaptation in Honduras influenced the design of one of the first projects ever approved by the UNFCCC’s Adaptation Fund Board

23. Component 5Impacts of trade and investment on forests and people Research themes: Understanding the processes and impacts of forest-related trade and investment Enhancing responses and policy options to mitigate the negative impacts and enhance the positive impacts of trade and investment

24. Example of component 5 research CIFOR’s research on Indonesia’s pulp and paper industry helped avert the loss of 135,000 hectares of natural tropical rainforest, valued at US$ 133 million in carbon emissions.

25. Cross-cutting themes Gender Gender-disaggregated data collection Gender-responsive partnerships, knowledge sharing and adaptive learning Capacity-building Assessing gaps relevant to research, policy and practice Knowledge sharing and communications Developing a learning community Reaching out to policy makers and media

26. Communications and knowledge sharing

27. International, national and local partnerships

28. Management structure

29. Next Steps: Q4/2010 – Q2/2011 Proposal revisions based on review comments by: Consortium Board Independent Science and Partnership Council Fund Council Establish implementation infrastructure: Component Implementation Teams Steering Committee Management Support Unit (MSU)

31. Additional synergies to be gained by integrating across landscapes, scales, and disciplines

33. Management – inclusive and strategic decision-making processes without excessive transaction costs