1. Kamehameha unified the Hawaiian islands through military force in the late 18th century, bringing a period of peace and prosperity. 2. During this time, the American colonies consumed around 10% of British exports as trade increased, allowing for a greater variety of goods and larger homes to be built. 3. King James II created the Dominion of New England to more strictly enforce trade laws, but this led to unrest as the governor challenged land titles and religious freedoms.

1. American Colonies Prelude to Revolutions

2. Kamehameha Conquered the Hawaiian Islands. Hawaiian chiefs desired guns and gunpowder to gain an advantage. Kamehameha used artillery to forcibly unify all the islands. Presided over all the islands in a time of peace and prosperity.

3. Goods The Consumer Revolution during the 18 th century allowed a greater diversity of cheap good to be available to the public American colonies consumed about 10% of the British exports The Consumer Revolution also allowed for ornate, cheap, finer and larger houses to be built

4. Dominion King James II of England decreed the creation of the Dominion as a measure to enforce the Navigation Acts and to coordinate the mutual defense of colonies against the French and hostile Native Americans. The Dominion Governor in Chief Edmund Andros began promoting the Church of England, banning town meetings, and challenging land titles.

5. Men & Money William of Orange became King of England and took the country to war The English fought the Nine Years War to uphold Protestant regime and defend their Dutch allies. The war led to heavy new taxes and despite the increase, the taxes failed to keep up with the military spending This caused Parliament to demand a control over spending This led to King-in-Parliament

6. Trade During the 18 th century trade between England and America became complex The Colonial empire developed a multilateral trading system The New England colony’s economy idled while the middle colony boomed. There was an improved flow of information that boosted economic growth in the colonies

7. News The Colonies felt isolated from England because they didn’t get a lot of information as to what was happening. In 1730 ships started coming to America more often to bring letters, newspapers and parcels. The colony’s desire for news prompted for them to start their own newspaper At first England did not want them to have their own newspaper. The first colonial newspaper was the Boston News-Letter which started in 1704. The newspaper talked mostly about imports of new goods, runaway slaves and servants and also notifications about ships arrivals, departures and destinations.

8. Race Prior to 1740 ministers didn’t bother to convert slaves, nor did they challenge the slave system. Slave owners worried that if their slaves became Christian and were baptized then they would become resentful and rebellious. Indians remained unaffiliated with any church. Revivalists longed to convert everyone, regardless of race or social status. Evangelicals worked to help Indians adapt Christianity into their own culture.

9. Pirates England found piracy useful for attacking the Spanish empire Colonial governors gave pirates a lawful cover as privateers, licensed to plunder the enemy in wartime. Every man received one equal share of the loot. By 1700, pirates had become a part of a successful empire