In the 17th century the Habsburgs faced many problems. The kingdom suffered a serious economic crisis and foreign wars continued. In the 17th century Spain lost its dominance and France increased its power.
In the 17th century the Habsburgs faced many problems. The kingdom suffered a serious economic crisis and foreign wars continued. In the 17th century Spain lost its dominance and France increased its power.
During the reign of Charles I and Philip II the Spanish monarchy achieved a great territorial expansion with presence in the five continents. However, the control of this large territory caused several problemsand wars.
The 18th century was a time of transition between the absolute monarchy and liberal regimes, the Modern age and the Contemporay age. The political organisation of the world as we know today, started to become a reality in the 18th century.
During the reign of Charles I and Philip II the Spanish monarchy achieved a great territorial expansion with presence in the five continents. However, the control of this large territory caused several problemsand wars.
The 18th century was a time of transition between the absolute monarchy and liberal regimes, the Modern age and the Contemporay age. The political organisation of the world as we know today, started to become a reality in the 18th century.
Spain is a country rich in beauty and history. You will find ancient monuments left by the Romans and Moors, medieval castles, vibrant cities, exciting nightlife, and amazing people. The landscape of the country is beautiful and diverse, from the glittering beaches to the rugged mountains. If you are looking for the best things to do and see in Spain, check out these 10 places below.
The top 10 places to visit in Australia - best places to visit in Australia. Australia is a beautiful place for your right choice to travel. Use our Australia Tour Package of Australia to discover things to do, places to see, trips you can take and more ideas for your Australian holiday. For more info about australia tour packages please visit http://trawelmart.com/australia-new-zealand-tours.php
Resumen del siglo XVIII español para la asignatura de Ciencias sociales (4º de ESO). Las diapositivas están en inglés por ser material destinado a la sección bilingüe del I.E.S. Fray Pedro de Urbina
Instructions for Submissions thorugh G- Classroom.pptxJheel Barad
This presentation provides a briefing on how to upload submissions and documents in Google Classroom. It was prepared as part of an orientation for new Sainik School in-service teacher trainees. As a training officer, my goal is to ensure that you are comfortable and proficient with this essential tool for managing assignments and fostering student engagement.
Synthetic Fiber Construction in lab .pptxPavel ( NSTU)
Synthetic fiber production is a fascinating and complex field that blends chemistry, engineering, and environmental science. By understanding these aspects, students can gain a comprehensive view of synthetic fiber production, its impact on society and the environment, and the potential for future innovations. Synthetic fibers play a crucial role in modern society, impacting various aspects of daily life, industry, and the environment. ynthetic fibers are integral to modern life, offering a range of benefits from cost-effectiveness and versatility to innovative applications and performance characteristics. While they pose environmental challenges, ongoing research and development aim to create more sustainable and eco-friendly alternatives. Understanding the importance of synthetic fibers helps in appreciating their role in the economy, industry, and daily life, while also emphasizing the need for sustainable practices and innovation.
Introduction to AI for Nonprofits with Tapp NetworkTechSoup
Dive into the world of AI! Experts Jon Hill and Tareq Monaur will guide you through AI's role in enhancing nonprofit websites and basic marketing strategies, making it easy to understand and apply.
Biological screening of herbal drugs: Introduction and Need for
Phyto-Pharmacological Screening, New Strategies for evaluating
Natural Products, In vitro evaluation techniques for Antioxidants, Antimicrobial and Anticancer drugs. In vivo evaluation techniques
for Anti-inflammatory, Antiulcer, Anticancer, Wound healing, Antidiabetic, Hepatoprotective, Cardio protective, Diuretics and
Antifertility, Toxicity studies as per OECD guidelines
Welcome to TechSoup New Member Orientation and Q&A (May 2024).pdfTechSoup
In this webinar you will learn how your organization can access TechSoup's wide variety of product discount and donation programs. From hardware to software, we'll give you a tour of the tools available to help your nonprofit with productivity, collaboration, financial management, donor tracking, security, and more.
Honest Reviews of Tim Han LMA Course Program.pptxtimhan337
Personal development courses are widely available today, with each one promising life-changing outcomes. Tim Han’s Life Mastery Achievers (LMA) Course has drawn a lot of interest. In addition to offering my frank assessment of Success Insider’s LMA Course, this piece examines the course’s effects via a variety of Tim Han LMA course reviews and Success Insider comments.
Acetabularia Information For Class 9 .docxvaibhavrinwa19
Acetabularia acetabulum is a single-celled green alga that in its vegetative state is morphologically differentiated into a basal rhizoid and an axially elongated stalk, which bears whorls of branching hairs. The single diploid nucleus resides in the rhizoid.
Unit 8 - Information and Communication Technology (Paper I).pdfThiyagu K
This slides describes the basic concepts of ICT, basics of Email, Emerging Technology and Digital Initiatives in Education. This presentations aligns with the UGC Paper I syllabus.
2024.06.01 Introducing a competency framework for languag learning materials ...Sandy Millin
http://sandymillin.wordpress.com/iateflwebinar2024
Published classroom materials form the basis of syllabuses, drive teacher professional development, and have a potentially huge influence on learners, teachers and education systems. All teachers also create their own materials, whether a few sentences on a blackboard, a highly-structured fully-realised online course, or anything in between. Despite this, the knowledge and skills needed to create effective language learning materials are rarely part of teacher training, and are mostly learnt by trial and error.
Knowledge and skills frameworks, generally called competency frameworks, for ELT teachers, trainers and managers have existed for a few years now. However, until I created one for my MA dissertation, there wasn’t one drawing together what we need to know and do to be able to effectively produce language learning materials.
This webinar will introduce you to my framework, highlighting the key competencies I identified from my research. It will also show how anybody involved in language teaching (any language, not just English!), teacher training, managing schools or developing language learning materials can benefit from using the framework.
The Roman Empire A Historical Colossus.pdfkaushalkr1407
The Roman Empire, a vast and enduring power, stands as one of history's most remarkable civilizations, leaving an indelible imprint on the world. It emerged from the Roman Republic, transitioning into an imperial powerhouse under the leadership of Augustus Caesar in 27 BCE. This transformation marked the beginning of an era defined by unprecedented territorial expansion, architectural marvels, and profound cultural influence.
The empire's roots lie in the city of Rome, founded, according to legend, by Romulus in 753 BCE. Over centuries, Rome evolved from a small settlement to a formidable republic, characterized by a complex political system with elected officials and checks on power. However, internal strife, class conflicts, and military ambitions paved the way for the end of the Republic. Julius Caesar’s dictatorship and subsequent assassination in 44 BCE created a power vacuum, leading to a civil war. Octavian, later Augustus, emerged victorious, heralding the Roman Empire’s birth.
Under Augustus, the empire experienced the Pax Romana, a 200-year period of relative peace and stability. Augustus reformed the military, established efficient administrative systems, and initiated grand construction projects. The empire's borders expanded, encompassing territories from Britain to Egypt and from Spain to the Euphrates. Roman legions, renowned for their discipline and engineering prowess, secured and maintained these vast territories, building roads, fortifications, and cities that facilitated control and integration.
The Roman Empire’s society was hierarchical, with a rigid class system. At the top were the patricians, wealthy elites who held significant political power. Below them were the plebeians, free citizens with limited political influence, and the vast numbers of slaves who formed the backbone of the economy. The family unit was central, governed by the paterfamilias, the male head who held absolute authority.
Culturally, the Romans were eclectic, absorbing and adapting elements from the civilizations they encountered, particularly the Greeks. Roman art, literature, and philosophy reflected this synthesis, creating a rich cultural tapestry. Latin, the Roman language, became the lingua franca of the Western world, influencing numerous modern languages.
Roman architecture and engineering achievements were monumental. They perfected the arch, vault, and dome, constructing enduring structures like the Colosseum, Pantheon, and aqueducts. These engineering marvels not only showcased Roman ingenuity but also served practical purposes, from public entertainment to water supply.
2. History of Spain The history of Spain involves all the other peoples and nations within the Iberian peninsula formerly known as Hispania, and includes still today the nations of Andorra, Gibraltar, Portugal and Spain The Kingdom of Spain was created in 1492 with the unification of the Kingdom of Castile and the Kingdom of Aragon It was the most powerful state in Europe and the foremost global power during the 16th century and the greater part of the 17th century The native peoples whom the Romans met at the time of their invasion in what is now known as Spain were the Iberians, inhabiting from the southwest part of the Peninsula through the northeast part of it, and then the Celts, mostly inhabiting the north and northwest part of the Peninsula The peninsula's economy expanded under Roman tutelage The first Germanic tribes to invade Hispania arrived in the 5th century, as the Roman Empire decayed
3. History of Spain The period of rule by the Visigothic Kingdom saw the spread of Arianism briefly in Spain The impact of Visigothic rule was not widely felt on society at large, and certainly not compared to the vast bureaucracy of the Roman Empire Medieval Spain was the scene of almost constant warfare between Muslims and Christians Despite the decline in Muslim-controlled kingdoms, it is important to note the lasting effects exerted on the peninsula by Muslims in technology, culture, and society As the Reconquista continued, Christian kingdoms and principalities developed By the 15th century, the most important among these were the Kingdom of Castile and the Kingdom of Aragon The rulers of these two kingdoms were allied with dynastic families in Portugal, France, and other neighboring kingdoms
4. History of Spain Castilian(spanish) gained more and more prominence in the Kingdom of Castile as the language of culture and communication The Spanish Empire was one of the first modern global empires It was also one of the largest empires in world history Spain's powerful world empire of the 16th and 17th centuries reached its height and declined under the Habsburgs The Habsburg dynasty became extinct in Spain and the War of the Spanish Succession ensued in which the other European powers tried to assume control of the Spanish monarchy Spain initially sided against France in the Napoleonic Wars, but the defeat of her army early in the war led to Charles IV's pragmatic decision to align with the revolutionary French Spain broke off from the Continental System temporarily, and Napoleon—aggravated with the Bourbon kings of Spain—invaded Spain in 1808 and deposed Ferdinand VII
5. Habsburg Spain Charles inherited the Castilian empire in America, the Aragonese Empire in the Mediterranean Charles became the most powerful man in Europe, his rule stretching over an empire in Europe unrivalled in extent until the Napoleonic era The Habsburg dynasty spent the Castilian and American riches in wars across Europe on behalf of Habsburg interests, defaulted on their debt several times, and left Spain bankrupt several times The Habsburgs' political goals were several: Access to the resources of the Americas and products of Asia Undermining the power of France and containing it in its eastern borders Maintaining Catholic Habsburg hegemony in Germany, defending Catholicism against the Protestant Reformation Defending Europe against Islam, notably the Ottoman Empire
6. Habsburg Spain Spain retook Naples in 1648 and Catalonian 1652, but the war came to an end at the Battle of the Dunes (1658) The French army under Viscount Turenne defeated the remnants of the Spanish army of the Netherlands Spain agreed to the Peace of the Pyrenees in 1659 that ceded to France Roussillon and Artois Spain still had a huge overseas empire, but France was now the superpower in Europe and the United Provinces were in the Atlantic The regency of the young Spanish king Charles II was incompetent in dealing with the War of Devolution that Louis XIV of France prosecuted against the Spanish Netherlands in 1667–68, losing considerable prestige and territory The final decades of the 17th century saw utter decay and stagnation in Spain
7. The Spanish Empire The Spanish Empire consisted of the territories and colonies administered directly by Spain in Europe, the Americas, Africa, Asia and Oceania At the time of Habsburgs, Spain reached the peak of its world power In the 16th century, Spain settled the Greater Antilles in the Caribbean, and took over large areas on mainland North and South America overrunning the Aztecs and Incas The French occupation of Spain in 1808 under Napoleon cut off its American colonies temporarily, and a number of independence movements between 1810 and 1825 resulted in a chain of newly independent Spanish American republics in South and Central America After the death of Queen Isabella, Ferdinand as Spain's sole monarch adopted a more aggressive policy than he had as Isabella's husband, enlarging Spain's sphere of influence in Italy and against France Upon the settlement of Hispanola which was successful in the early 16th century, the colonists began searching elsewhere to begin new settlements
8. The Spanish Empire Under the Treaties of Utrecht, the European powers decided what the fate of Spain would be, in terms of the continental balance of power Spain's economic and demographic recovery had begun slowly in the last decades of the Habsburg reign, as was evident from the growth of its trading convoys and much more rapid growth of illicit trade during the period Following the war, the new Bourbon monarchy would take a much more cautious approach to international relations, built upon a family alliance with Bourbon France, and continuing to follow a program of institutional renewal At the beginning of the Philip V's reign and due to the War of the Spanish Succession, the Spanish king Philip V initiated organizational reforms headed for a government more executive, giving priority to the direct decision of themonarch, opposite to the deliberative way of the polisynodial system of Councils Philip's government set up a ministry of the Navy and the Indies and created first a Honduras Company
9. The Spanish Empire The 18th century was a century of prosperity for the overseas Spanish Empire as trade within grew steadily, particularly in the second half of the century, under the Bourbon reforms Rapid shipping growth from the mid-1740s until the Seven Years' War, reflecting in part the success of the Bourbons in bringing illicit trade under control The first major territory Spain was to lose in the 19th century was the vast and wild Louisiana Territory, which stretched north to Canada and was ceded by France in 1763 under the terms of the Treaty of Fontainebleau The destruction of the main Spanish fleet, under French command, at the Battle of Trafalgar undermined Spain's ability to defend and hold on to its empire Napoleon's sale in 1803 of the Louisiana Territory to the United States caused border disputes between the United States and Spain
10. Sources History of Spain PDF Spanish Colonization of the Americas PDF Spanish Empire PDF