An ecosystem is characterized by the interaction between organisms and their environment, connected through a food chain. Energy from the sun is captured by primary producers, consumed by herbivores, and ultimately by carnivores, with energy loss occurring as waste heat. Decomposition of dead organisms returns nutrients to the soil, supporting plant growth and restarting the cycle.

1. THE ECOSYSTEM
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2. THE ECOSYSTEM
It’s a situation where there is interaction between organisms
and their environment. In an ecosystem, species are connected
by food chain.
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3. FOOD CHAIN
A food chain begins when
energy from the sun is
captured by plants and
trees (primary producers),
through photosinthesis.
Then primary consumers
(herbivores) eat plants
and later secondary and
tertiary consumers
(carnivores) eat primary
consumers.
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4. ENERGY
The energy they create by eating and digesting is lost as waste
heat. When animals and plants die, very small bacteria break
down their tissue (decomposition) and the chemicals that make
up those living organism are released into the soil and act as
fertilisers to help green plants to grow. In this way the food chain
starts all over again.
An ecosystem can vary in size: it can be a pond, a field, a piece
of dead wood or a rainforest.
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