Mr Mohammadreza Gharibreza, Soil Conservation and Watershed Management Research Institute, Iran.Global Symposium on Soil Erosion (GSER19), 15 - 17 May 2019 at FAO HQ.

1. The conceptual model for
conservation of natural
resources in forestry areas
Mohammadreza Gharibreza
Soil Conservation and Watershed
Management Research Institute, Iran
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2. Content
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Hyrcanian, Arasbaranian and Zagrosian Forests

6. Hyrcanian Forests
• A continuous 800+km belt of deciduous forests
• Along the northern slopes of the Alborz mountains,
including 1.85 million hectares in Iran.
• Including an important refugium of temperate broad-leaved
trees, and date back to at least 25 million years BP.
• They stretch across three provinces of Iran (Gilan,
Mazandaran and Golestan)
• Up to 60 mammal species plus 340 bird, 67 fish, 29 reptile
and 9 amphibian species recorded in various habitats of the
region.
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7. 7
Caspian Hyrcanian mixed forests

8. Problem Statement
• About 50 authorized companies are active in 103 catchments in the
North of Iran.
• The annual rate of wood harvesting by such companies has been 2.3
million m-3 between 1976 and 1991.
• Afterward, this rate was decreased to 0.3 million m-3 per year.
• Privates are responsible to harvest 3 million m-3 of wood, annually.
• About 6 million cattle (Private and authorized).
• More than 110 active mines in 100,000 ha area.
• More than 40 places of landfills, 2.2 million t y-1 trash and rubbish.
• Thousands km of roads across the forest.
• Countless new developed tourism activities
• Development of several luxury private cities.
• More than 70 kinds of forest pests.
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Environmental
Impacts
Loss
of Soil and
Nutrients
Loss of
Biodiversity
Disruption
in Carbon
and
Nitrogen
Cycles
Climate
Change
Global
Warming
Sedimentary
Processes
Eutrophicatio
n of Lakes and
Wetlands
Pollution of
Water and
Sediment
Sources
Extinction of
Flora and
Fauna
Increase of
Natural
Hazards

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IMPACTS OF DEFORESTATION
The Great Flash Flood and Inundation, March 18, 2019

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Review of Environmental Laws
 Nationalization Law of the Forest and Rangelands of Iran, 1962
 The Law of Preserving and Expanding Green Space and Preventing
the Cutting of the Trees, 1973
 Law of Transferring and Reclamation of lands, 1380.
 The Law on Conservation and Protection of Natural Resources and
Forest Resources, 1992
 The Law on Increasing the Productivity of the Agricultural and
Natural Resources, 2010
 Optimization Program for Monitoring, Conservation, Exploitation
and Management of Forests, 2014.
 Forest breathing law, 2017
 Caspian Hyrcanian Forest Project, FRWO/UNDP/GEF, 2013-2018

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 Cadastral Operation
 Conservation of Bio-heritage and Bio-resources
 Improving efficiency in Forest Harvesting
 Training and Awareness of Stockholders and End-users, 10
years program
 Development of Forestry Data Bank and Information
Technology
 Involvement socio-economical Consideration
 Providing fossil Fuel for settlements of Forests
 Ownership of privates especially for rangelands
 Replacement of cattle from Forests
 Programming for Government Cost Share
 Emphasizing on Watershed Management and Restoration of
Natural Resources
 Determining of Indicators for Monitoring

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Caspian Hyrcanian Forest Project,
FRWO/UNDP/GEF 2013-2018
Timber-based Forestry to Multi-purpose Forestry
 Strengthening the national and local policy framework
governing land use
 Enhancing the rights and roles of the local
communities in management
 Demonstrating ways and means of improving
management
 Strategic policy and regulatory interventions targeted
at 800,000 ha across the whole 1.8 million ha forest
 Integrated management for multi-purpose forestry
demonstrated in 4 pilot basins totaling 120,000 ha
 Community-based management demonstrated in
30,000 ha within two of the pilot landscapes.

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Caspian Hyrcanian Forest Project, FRWO/UNDP/GEF 2013-2018

18. Technical Cooperation between IAEA and SCWMRI
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Project Number: IRA5013
Project Title:
Investigating the Effects of Deforestation and
Afforestation on Soil Redistribution in the North
of Iran
Country: Iran, Islamic Republic of
Main Counterpart: Mohammadreza GHARIBREZA
Counterpart Institution:
Soil Conservation and Watershed Management
Research Institute (SCWMRI)
Technical Officer: Mohammad ZAMAN
Program Manager Officer
Name:
M. B. MISHAR

19. Environmental
and Man-Made
Issues
•Problem
Statement
•On-Site
•Off Site
DIPSIR Model
•Drivers
•Pressures
•Impacts
•Responses
Overall
Objectives
•Achieving to an Integrated Watershed
Management (Forest catchment)
Outcomes
Specific
Objectives
•To Solve Current Issues
•To Conserve Forest and Natural Resources
•To Achieve Desirable Land Use Planning
•To Integrate Program and Activities
Outputs
•Action plan
•Improving of Rules and Technical
Guidelines
Activities
•Conservation Practices
•Development Practices
•Integration Practices
•Training and Awareness
•Monitoring
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Framework of the Suggested Model

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On-Site and Off-Site issues
Problem Statement

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Conservation • Harvesting, Afforestation
and Desirable Land Use.
• Conservation, Restoration,
and Reforestation Practices
and Desirable Land Use.
• Forest Breathing
• No Land Use Change
Spatial Planning of the Watershed Based on Level of Conservation

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Spatial Planning of the Watershed Based on Ecological
Capability Evaluation

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25.  High Capability of Nuclear Techniques to Quantify Impacts of the
Deforestation and to Support Management Models.
 The Management Model should Included the Development, Conservation
and Integrity Approaches.
The Management Model Should be Problem-Oriented
The First Step of Activities Should Solve the Present Issues
Zoning of the Watershed Based on Level of Conservations will Simplify the
Trend of Management.
Forest Breathing is Inevitable Part of Forestry Management Plan that will be
Resulted by practices of Preservation Level
Compatibility of Present and Programmed Land Uses to Ecological Capability
of the Watershed is the Key Point for Prioritization of Land Uses
This Model Provides Indices for Monitoring and Success of Management
Practices
Training and Awareness of the Stakeholders and End Users is Important Step
of the Management Model.
Contribution of Stakeholders and End Users is Vital Step to Success of the
Management Model.
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CONCLUSION