Chickenpox normally affects young children and similarly shingles affect adults.Patients need to be understand the difference between the two virus infections
This document provides information about chickenpox including: describing the identification and infectious agent of chickenpox; explaining its incubation period, period of communicability, and modes of transmission; outlining susceptibility and prevention/control measures including isolation, disinfection, quarantine, and vaccination; and noting chickenpox is a common occurrence worldwide that spreads via contact with open blisters or respiratory droplets.
Japanese encephalitis is a mosquito-borne viral disease that affects humans and animals. It is caused by the Japanese encephalitis virus and transmitted by Culex mosquitoes. Pigs act as amplifying hosts and birds of the family Ardeidae are the natural reservoir. The disease is endemic in parts of Asia and the Pacific. Symptoms in humans range from mild febrile illness to severe encephalitis. There is no specific antiviral treatment, with supportive care being the main approach. Prevention involves mosquito control measures and vaccination programs.
This document summarizes the epidemiology of SARS (Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome). SARS is caused by a novel coronavirus and symptoms include fever and respiratory issues. It has a 2-7 day incubation period and is transmitted through respiratory droplets. Diagnosis involves PCR or serological testing. Health care workers were at high risk. While ribavirin and other drugs were used to treat SARS, their efficacy is still unclear. Prevention focuses on prompt identification, isolation, and hygienic measures.
Varicella, also known as chickenpox, is caused by the varicella zoster virus and causes a itchy rash. It is highly contagious and spreads through direct contact or respiratory droplets. Symptoms include a blister-like rash covering the body and fever. While most children are infected by age 15, vaccination programs have reduced occurrence. Control involves isolation of infected individuals until lesions have crusted, quarantine of contacts, and vaccination or immune globulin for susceptible contacts after exposure. Antiviral drugs can also treat or prevent infection in high-risk groups.
meningococcal meningitis is a very serious and fatal disease if not treated in time. the case fatality rate can go upto 50% in untreated cases .there are many strains which are responsible for its occurrence .it tend to occur both in endemic as well as in epidemic form. a qudrivalent vaccine is available for protection. recipient of this vaccine are to be given chemo prophylaxis .recently a vaccine against type b strain has been made avialable in canada for use in routine immunization
Chickenpox is caused by the varicella zoster virus and causes a blistering rash. It is highly contagious and spreads through respiratory droplets. The document discusses the symptoms, diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of chickenpox through vaccination. Complications can include bacterial infections of lesions, pneumonia, or central nervous system involvement in rare cases. Treatment focuses on antiviral medication to reduce symptoms and complications in at-risk groups.
This document provides an overview of the epidemiology of malaria. It describes malaria as a disease caused by plasmodium parasites and transmitted via infected anopheles mosquitoes. The life cycle involves an asexual replication phase in humans and a sexual phase in mosquitoes. Key factors that influence the spread of malaria include the plasmodium species, environmental conditions, socioeconomic factors, and human behaviors and immunity.
This document provides information about measles including:
1. Measles is caused by a paramyxovirus that is transmitted via respiratory droplets and spreads from the nasopharynx.
2. Clinical features include an incubation period of 10-12 days followed by a prodrome of fever and cough, appearance of Koplik spots in the mouth, and a maculopapular rash that starts on the face and spreads.
3. Complications can include diarrhea, otitis media, pneumonia, encephalitis, and death in rare cases. Vaccination with two doses of the MMR vaccine is recommended for prevention.
This document provides information about chickenpox including: describing the identification and infectious agent of chickenpox; explaining its incubation period, period of communicability, and modes of transmission; outlining susceptibility and prevention/control measures including isolation, disinfection, quarantine, and vaccination; and noting chickenpox is a common occurrence worldwide that spreads via contact with open blisters or respiratory droplets.
Japanese encephalitis is a mosquito-borne viral disease that affects humans and animals. It is caused by the Japanese encephalitis virus and transmitted by Culex mosquitoes. Pigs act as amplifying hosts and birds of the family Ardeidae are the natural reservoir. The disease is endemic in parts of Asia and the Pacific. Symptoms in humans range from mild febrile illness to severe encephalitis. There is no specific antiviral treatment, with supportive care being the main approach. Prevention involves mosquito control measures and vaccination programs.
This document summarizes the epidemiology of SARS (Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome). SARS is caused by a novel coronavirus and symptoms include fever and respiratory issues. It has a 2-7 day incubation period and is transmitted through respiratory droplets. Diagnosis involves PCR or serological testing. Health care workers were at high risk. While ribavirin and other drugs were used to treat SARS, their efficacy is still unclear. Prevention focuses on prompt identification, isolation, and hygienic measures.
Varicella, also known as chickenpox, is caused by the varicella zoster virus and causes a itchy rash. It is highly contagious and spreads through direct contact or respiratory droplets. Symptoms include a blister-like rash covering the body and fever. While most children are infected by age 15, vaccination programs have reduced occurrence. Control involves isolation of infected individuals until lesions have crusted, quarantine of contacts, and vaccination or immune globulin for susceptible contacts after exposure. Antiviral drugs can also treat or prevent infection in high-risk groups.
meningococcal meningitis is a very serious and fatal disease if not treated in time. the case fatality rate can go upto 50% in untreated cases .there are many strains which are responsible for its occurrence .it tend to occur both in endemic as well as in epidemic form. a qudrivalent vaccine is available for protection. recipient of this vaccine are to be given chemo prophylaxis .recently a vaccine against type b strain has been made avialable in canada for use in routine immunization
Chickenpox is caused by the varicella zoster virus and causes a blistering rash. It is highly contagious and spreads through respiratory droplets. The document discusses the symptoms, diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of chickenpox through vaccination. Complications can include bacterial infections of lesions, pneumonia, or central nervous system involvement in rare cases. Treatment focuses on antiviral medication to reduce symptoms and complications in at-risk groups.
This document provides an overview of the epidemiology of malaria. It describes malaria as a disease caused by plasmodium parasites and transmitted via infected anopheles mosquitoes. The life cycle involves an asexual replication phase in humans and a sexual phase in mosquitoes. Key factors that influence the spread of malaria include the plasmodium species, environmental conditions, socioeconomic factors, and human behaviors and immunity.
This document provides information about measles including:
1. Measles is caused by a paramyxovirus that is transmitted via respiratory droplets and spreads from the nasopharynx.
2. Clinical features include an incubation period of 10-12 days followed by a prodrome of fever and cough, appearance of Koplik spots in the mouth, and a maculopapular rash that starts on the face and spreads.
3. Complications can include diarrhea, otitis media, pneumonia, encephalitis, and death in rare cases. Vaccination with two doses of the MMR vaccine is recommended for prevention.
japenese encephalitis is an important vector borne disease which carries a high mortality as well as high disability. it is a preventable disease and an effective vaccine is available for it.the vaccine is an important part of universal immunization program in india. Environmental modification and control of vector will go long way in the control of this disease.
Variola virus causes the acute, contagious disease smallpox. It was effectively eradicated through global vaccination efforts led by the WHO between 1966-1979. Smallpox is characterized by an initial fever and flu-like symptoms followed by a distinctive pustular rash. It spreads through respiratory droplets or direct contact with infected individuals or contaminated objects. Vaccination provided effective immunity and was a major factor in eliminating smallpox worldwide by 1980, making it the only human infectious disease to be fully eradicated.
This document provides information on malaria, including:
1. Malaria is caused by parasites of the genus Plasmodium and transmitted via the bites of infected Anopheles mosquitoes. It was first recognized by ancient Greeks and Romans who associated it with marshy areas.
2. In the late 19th century, scientists observed the malarial parasite in human red blood cells and proved its life cycle between humans and mosquitoes. Treatment evolved from using extracts of cinchona bark to modern antimalarial drugs like chloroquine, primaquine, and artemisinin combinations.
3. Malaria remains a major global health problem, with most cases and deaths occurring in sub-Sah
Poliomyelitis Community health nursing 1 kenilvhoramahir
This document provides information on communicable diseases polio and dracunculiasis (guinea worm disease). It discusses the epidemiological triad, agent, host factors and environmental factors for each disease. For polio, it outlines prevention through immunization with oral and inactivated polio vaccines. For dracunculiasis, it notes the agent is a parasite transmitted through contaminated water containing cyclops, and that India has been declared free of the disease.
This document summarizes key information about measles (rubeola) including:
- It is a highly contagious viral disease that generally affects children and causes fever, runny nose, cough, and a characteristic rash.
- The measles virus is transmitted through respiratory droplets and causes infection in the respiratory tract.
- Symptoms begin with an initial prodromal stage followed by an eruption of the rash. Complications can include pneumonia, encephalitis and death. Prevention relies on maintaining high vaccination rates with the live attenuated MMR vaccine.
This document provides information on the epidemiology of dengue fever. It describes how dengue virus is an RNA virus transmitted by Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus mosquitoes. Dengue causes a spectrum of disease from a self-limiting fever to severe dengue hemorrhagic fever. Factors like virus strain, vector density, human susceptibility, and environmental conditions determine outbreaks. Clinical manifestations range from asymptomatic infection to classic dengue fever symptoms to potentially fatal dengue hemorrhagic fever.
This document provides information on meningococcal meningitis, a potentially deadly bacterial infection. It discusses the causal organism, Neisseria meningitidis, its transmission through respiratory droplets, and symptoms including fever, neck stiffness, and rash. Prompt treatment with antibiotics is important but even so 10-15% of patients may die and 20% may suffer long-term disabilities. Vaccines can help prevent infections from some common strains. During outbreaks, identifying cases, tracing contacts, vaccinating at-risk groups, and communicating findings are important control measures.
Epidemiology, prevention, and control of plaguePreetika Maurya
The document discusses the epidemiology, prevention, and control of plague. It notes that plague is caused by the bacterium Yersinia pestis and is typically transmitted via flea bites from infected rodents to humans. It provides details on the epidemiological determinants like the agent, host and environmental factors. It describes the different forms plague can take including bubonic, pneumonic, and septicemic plague. The prevention and control section outlines methods like early diagnosis, notification, isolation, treatment with antibiotics, flea and rodent control, vaccination, chemoprophylaxis, and surveillance.
Kyasanur forest disease, KFD is a febrile disease associated with haemorrhage caused by kyasanur forest disease virus, a member of virus family of arbovirus & flavivirus and transmitted to man by bite of infected ticks.
This document outlines three approaches to preventing occupational diseases: medical measures, engineering controls, and legislation. Medical measures include pre-placement exams, periodic exams, health services, notifications, supervision of work environments, record keeping, and health education. Engineering controls involve building design, housekeeping, ventilation, mechanization, substitution of harmful materials, controlling dust, enclosure, isolation, and use of protective devices. Legislation measures provide legal protections and benefits to workers through various Indian labor laws governing factors like work hours, wages, leave, and medical/disability benefits.
This document provides information on Measles, Mumps, and Rubella (MMR). It describes the causative agents, signs and symptoms, transmission, treatment and prevention methods for each disease. Measles is highly infectious and a major cause of childhood mortality. Mumps typically causes swelling of the salivary glands. Rubella infection during pregnancy can cause congenital rubella syndrome in the fetus. The MMR vaccine provides protection against all three diseases and is an important tool for their control and elimination through vaccination programs outlined in the World Health Organization's Global Measles and Rubella Strategic Plan.
Yellow fever is caused by a flavivirus transmitted by Aedes aegypti mosquitoes. It occurs in tropical areas of Africa and South America, putting over 900 million people at risk. Each year there are approximately 200,000 cases and 30,000 deaths worldwide. The virus is maintained in non-human primates, and humans can be infected either through forest exposure or urban cycles involving humans and mosquitoes. Prevention focuses on vaccination and mosquito control to limit transmission between humans and mosquitoes.
In this presentation you will find summary for poliomyelitis. what is polio ? what are the causes ? and what will be the prevention?
here you'll also find about the rehabilitation program for polio as well..
This document discusses Polio myelitis (polio), including its definition, epidemiological triad of agent, host, and environment, transmission, clinical presentation, diagnosis, and prevention. Polio is caused by the poliovirus, primarily affecting children under 3 years old. It spreads through the fecal-oral route or droplets. Prevention focuses on vaccination, sanitation, surveillance, and health education to stop transmission. India was declared polio-free in 2014 through successful vaccination programs.
Japanese encephalitis_6th batch_NAIHS_Devlop ShresthaDevlop Shrestha
Japanese encephalitis is a mosquito-borne viral disease transmitted by Culex mosquitoes. Pigs and wading birds are natural hosts that help transmit the virus in a zoonotic cycle, with humans as accidental hosts. Children under 15 are most at risk. Cases peak during the rainy season in rural agricultural areas with rice cultivation and pig farming. There is no cure, but vaccination programs can help prevent disease.
This document provides information on Japanese encephalitis (JE), including its classification, epidemiology, transmission, clinical features, diagnosis, treatment and prevention. JE is an arboviral infection transmitted by mosquitoes that primarily affects pigs, horses and humans. It is endemic in parts of Asia and the Pacific. The virus is maintained in a bird-mosquito cycle, with pigs acting as amplifying hosts. Transmission occurs mainly by Culex tritaeniorhynchus mosquitoes. Most human infections are asymptomatic, but it can cause acute encephalitis with high mortality and neurologic sequelae. Prevention focuses on personal protection from mosquito bites and vaccination in at-risk areas.
Mumps is a viral infection that causes swelling of the salivary glands. It is typically a mild childhood illness characterized by swollen cheeks or jaw. While usually harmless and resolving within 10 days, complications can include meningitis, deafness, or sterility. Mumps spreads through saliva and mucus via coughing, sneezing or touching infected surfaces. The best prevention is the MMR vaccine, which is highly effective against mumps when administered in two doses in childhood. Public health efforts focus on maintaining high vaccination rates through mandatory immunization programs to control mumps outbreaks.
This document provides information about influenza A (H1N1), also known as swine flu. It discusses how swine flu differs from seasonal flu, how it spreads from person to person, common symptoms, and steps individuals and governments can take to prevent the spread. The document also outlines future areas of improvement for pandemic response, including increasing testing infrastructure and genomic research.
Japanese encephalitis (JE) is an infection of the brain caused by the Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV). While most infections result in little or no symptoms, occasional inflammation of the brain occurs. In these cases, symptoms may include headache, vomiting, fever, confusion and seizures. This occurs about 5 to 15 days after infection.
Japanese encephalitis is a mosquito-borne viral disease that infects humans and animals. The virus is maintained in a transmission cycle between mosquito vectors, such as Culex tritaeniorhynchus, and vertebrate hosts like birds and pigs. The disease is most common in Asia and causes brain inflammation that can lead to death or long-term neurological problems in about 20-30% of cases. Prevention strategies focus on controlling the mosquito vector population and vaccinating people in endemic areas.
Shingles is caused by the reactivation of the varicella-zoster virus, which also causes chickenpox. It begins with flu-like symptoms and pain or itching in an area of the body, followed by a rash that forms blisters before crusting over within 2-4 weeks. Diagnosis involves identifying the rash and testing fluid from blisters. Treatment consists of pain medication, antiviral drugs, and vaccination to prevent shingles for those over 50. While most people fully recover, some experience postherpetic neuralgia with lasting nerve pain.
japenese encephalitis is an important vector borne disease which carries a high mortality as well as high disability. it is a preventable disease and an effective vaccine is available for it.the vaccine is an important part of universal immunization program in india. Environmental modification and control of vector will go long way in the control of this disease.
Variola virus causes the acute, contagious disease smallpox. It was effectively eradicated through global vaccination efforts led by the WHO between 1966-1979. Smallpox is characterized by an initial fever and flu-like symptoms followed by a distinctive pustular rash. It spreads through respiratory droplets or direct contact with infected individuals or contaminated objects. Vaccination provided effective immunity and was a major factor in eliminating smallpox worldwide by 1980, making it the only human infectious disease to be fully eradicated.
This document provides information on malaria, including:
1. Malaria is caused by parasites of the genus Plasmodium and transmitted via the bites of infected Anopheles mosquitoes. It was first recognized by ancient Greeks and Romans who associated it with marshy areas.
2. In the late 19th century, scientists observed the malarial parasite in human red blood cells and proved its life cycle between humans and mosquitoes. Treatment evolved from using extracts of cinchona bark to modern antimalarial drugs like chloroquine, primaquine, and artemisinin combinations.
3. Malaria remains a major global health problem, with most cases and deaths occurring in sub-Sah
Poliomyelitis Community health nursing 1 kenilvhoramahir
This document provides information on communicable diseases polio and dracunculiasis (guinea worm disease). It discusses the epidemiological triad, agent, host factors and environmental factors for each disease. For polio, it outlines prevention through immunization with oral and inactivated polio vaccines. For dracunculiasis, it notes the agent is a parasite transmitted through contaminated water containing cyclops, and that India has been declared free of the disease.
This document summarizes key information about measles (rubeola) including:
- It is a highly contagious viral disease that generally affects children and causes fever, runny nose, cough, and a characteristic rash.
- The measles virus is transmitted through respiratory droplets and causes infection in the respiratory tract.
- Symptoms begin with an initial prodromal stage followed by an eruption of the rash. Complications can include pneumonia, encephalitis and death. Prevention relies on maintaining high vaccination rates with the live attenuated MMR vaccine.
This document provides information on the epidemiology of dengue fever. It describes how dengue virus is an RNA virus transmitted by Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus mosquitoes. Dengue causes a spectrum of disease from a self-limiting fever to severe dengue hemorrhagic fever. Factors like virus strain, vector density, human susceptibility, and environmental conditions determine outbreaks. Clinical manifestations range from asymptomatic infection to classic dengue fever symptoms to potentially fatal dengue hemorrhagic fever.
This document provides information on meningococcal meningitis, a potentially deadly bacterial infection. It discusses the causal organism, Neisseria meningitidis, its transmission through respiratory droplets, and symptoms including fever, neck stiffness, and rash. Prompt treatment with antibiotics is important but even so 10-15% of patients may die and 20% may suffer long-term disabilities. Vaccines can help prevent infections from some common strains. During outbreaks, identifying cases, tracing contacts, vaccinating at-risk groups, and communicating findings are important control measures.
Epidemiology, prevention, and control of plaguePreetika Maurya
The document discusses the epidemiology, prevention, and control of plague. It notes that plague is caused by the bacterium Yersinia pestis and is typically transmitted via flea bites from infected rodents to humans. It provides details on the epidemiological determinants like the agent, host and environmental factors. It describes the different forms plague can take including bubonic, pneumonic, and septicemic plague. The prevention and control section outlines methods like early diagnosis, notification, isolation, treatment with antibiotics, flea and rodent control, vaccination, chemoprophylaxis, and surveillance.
Kyasanur forest disease, KFD is a febrile disease associated with haemorrhage caused by kyasanur forest disease virus, a member of virus family of arbovirus & flavivirus and transmitted to man by bite of infected ticks.
This document outlines three approaches to preventing occupational diseases: medical measures, engineering controls, and legislation. Medical measures include pre-placement exams, periodic exams, health services, notifications, supervision of work environments, record keeping, and health education. Engineering controls involve building design, housekeeping, ventilation, mechanization, substitution of harmful materials, controlling dust, enclosure, isolation, and use of protective devices. Legislation measures provide legal protections and benefits to workers through various Indian labor laws governing factors like work hours, wages, leave, and medical/disability benefits.
This document provides information on Measles, Mumps, and Rubella (MMR). It describes the causative agents, signs and symptoms, transmission, treatment and prevention methods for each disease. Measles is highly infectious and a major cause of childhood mortality. Mumps typically causes swelling of the salivary glands. Rubella infection during pregnancy can cause congenital rubella syndrome in the fetus. The MMR vaccine provides protection against all three diseases and is an important tool for their control and elimination through vaccination programs outlined in the World Health Organization's Global Measles and Rubella Strategic Plan.
Yellow fever is caused by a flavivirus transmitted by Aedes aegypti mosquitoes. It occurs in tropical areas of Africa and South America, putting over 900 million people at risk. Each year there are approximately 200,000 cases and 30,000 deaths worldwide. The virus is maintained in non-human primates, and humans can be infected either through forest exposure or urban cycles involving humans and mosquitoes. Prevention focuses on vaccination and mosquito control to limit transmission between humans and mosquitoes.
In this presentation you will find summary for poliomyelitis. what is polio ? what are the causes ? and what will be the prevention?
here you'll also find about the rehabilitation program for polio as well..
This document discusses Polio myelitis (polio), including its definition, epidemiological triad of agent, host, and environment, transmission, clinical presentation, diagnosis, and prevention. Polio is caused by the poliovirus, primarily affecting children under 3 years old. It spreads through the fecal-oral route or droplets. Prevention focuses on vaccination, sanitation, surveillance, and health education to stop transmission. India was declared polio-free in 2014 through successful vaccination programs.
Japanese encephalitis_6th batch_NAIHS_Devlop ShresthaDevlop Shrestha
Japanese encephalitis is a mosquito-borne viral disease transmitted by Culex mosquitoes. Pigs and wading birds are natural hosts that help transmit the virus in a zoonotic cycle, with humans as accidental hosts. Children under 15 are most at risk. Cases peak during the rainy season in rural agricultural areas with rice cultivation and pig farming. There is no cure, but vaccination programs can help prevent disease.
This document provides information on Japanese encephalitis (JE), including its classification, epidemiology, transmission, clinical features, diagnosis, treatment and prevention. JE is an arboviral infection transmitted by mosquitoes that primarily affects pigs, horses and humans. It is endemic in parts of Asia and the Pacific. The virus is maintained in a bird-mosquito cycle, with pigs acting as amplifying hosts. Transmission occurs mainly by Culex tritaeniorhynchus mosquitoes. Most human infections are asymptomatic, but it can cause acute encephalitis with high mortality and neurologic sequelae. Prevention focuses on personal protection from mosquito bites and vaccination in at-risk areas.
Mumps is a viral infection that causes swelling of the salivary glands. It is typically a mild childhood illness characterized by swollen cheeks or jaw. While usually harmless and resolving within 10 days, complications can include meningitis, deafness, or sterility. Mumps spreads through saliva and mucus via coughing, sneezing or touching infected surfaces. The best prevention is the MMR vaccine, which is highly effective against mumps when administered in two doses in childhood. Public health efforts focus on maintaining high vaccination rates through mandatory immunization programs to control mumps outbreaks.
This document provides information about influenza A (H1N1), also known as swine flu. It discusses how swine flu differs from seasonal flu, how it spreads from person to person, common symptoms, and steps individuals and governments can take to prevent the spread. The document also outlines future areas of improvement for pandemic response, including increasing testing infrastructure and genomic research.
Japanese encephalitis (JE) is an infection of the brain caused by the Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV). While most infections result in little or no symptoms, occasional inflammation of the brain occurs. In these cases, symptoms may include headache, vomiting, fever, confusion and seizures. This occurs about 5 to 15 days after infection.
Japanese encephalitis is a mosquito-borne viral disease that infects humans and animals. The virus is maintained in a transmission cycle between mosquito vectors, such as Culex tritaeniorhynchus, and vertebrate hosts like birds and pigs. The disease is most common in Asia and causes brain inflammation that can lead to death or long-term neurological problems in about 20-30% of cases. Prevention strategies focus on controlling the mosquito vector population and vaccinating people in endemic areas.
Shingles is caused by the reactivation of the varicella-zoster virus, which also causes chickenpox. It begins with flu-like symptoms and pain or itching in an area of the body, followed by a rash that forms blisters before crusting over within 2-4 weeks. Diagnosis involves identifying the rash and testing fluid from blisters. Treatment consists of pain medication, antiviral drugs, and vaccination to prevent shingles for those over 50. While most people fully recover, some experience postherpetic neuralgia with lasting nerve pain.
Varicella-zoster virus causes both chickenpox and shingles. Shingles occurs when the virus reactivates after dormancy in the nervous system following chickenpox. It is characterized by a painful rash that typically affects a limited area on one side of the body. Treatment aims to reduce pain and complications through antiviral medication started within 24 hours of symptom onset, along with anti-inflammatory drugs and soothing baths. While shingles itself is usually not fatal, high-risk groups could die if exposed without proper medical care.
Shingles is caused by the reactivation of the chickenpox virus in the body and causes a painful rash. It affects around 1 million Americans each year. The rash caused by shingles leads to blisters and flu-like symptoms. Complications from shingles can include vision loss, hearing loss, and long-term nerve pain. Treatment focuses on antiviral drugs to reduce symptoms and the duration of the outbreak as well as pain medications. A shingles vaccine is recommended for adults over 60 to prevent future outbreaks.
Shingles, also known as herpes-zoster, is a viral infection caused by the varicella-zoster virus which also causes chickenpox. It lies dormant in nerve cells after chickenpox and can reactivate due to factors like stress, aging or immune suppression. Symptoms include a painful rash that typically appears on one side of the body. While it cannot be cured, treatment focuses on antiviral drugs to reduce symptoms and prevent complications such as postherpetic neuralgia. Vaccines can help prevent chickenpox and shingles. The author contracted shingles as a teenager and still experiences vision problems as a result.
This document provides an overview of chickenpox (varicella) and herpes zoster (shingles) caused by the varicella zoster virus (VZV). It discusses the history, etiology, pathogenesis, clinical features, diagnosis, treatment and prevention of these diseases. Chickenpox causes a highly contagious rash and fever while shingles results from reactivation of the latent VZV in nerves, causing a painful rash in a dermatomal distribution. Laboratory tests can help diagnose these conditions but they are usually clinically apparent. Vaccination provides effective prevention against chickenpox and reduces shingles risk.
Chickenpox is a contagious disease caused by the varicella zoster virus that causes an itchy rash and fluid-filled blisters. While usually mild, it can cause more severe symptoms in infants, teens, adults, and people with weak immune systems. After initial infection, the virus remains dormant in nerve tissue and can later cause shingles. Treatment focuses on relieving symptoms as there is no cure, and isolation can help prevent spread of the disease.
Shingles, also known as herpes zoster, is a
disease that affects an estimated 1 million people in the United States each
year.
Although it is most common in people over
age 50, if you have had chickenpox, you are at risk for developing shingles.
Shingles is also more common in people with weakened immune systems from HIV
infection, chemotherapy or radiation treatment, transplant operations, and
stress.
Chickenpox, also known as varicella, is a highly contagious disease caused by the varicella-zoster virus. It was first identified in the 10th century by Muhammad ibn Zakariya ar-Razi and has since been described in more detail by other physicians. The virus can spread through the air via coughs or sneezes, or direct contact with infected individuals. Symptoms include an itchy rash that forms blisters over the body. While usually mild in children, complications can require medical care in rare cases. Vaccination is the best prevention and provides strong protection against infection. Treatment focuses on relieving itching through oatmeal baths, lotions, and anti
The document discusses vaccination against shingles and the varicella zoster virus. It provides background on shingles, including that it is caused by reactivation of the same virus that causes chickenpox. It notes statistics on shingles incidence and effectiveness of the Zostavax vaccine in reducing risk. It also discusses natural immune system suppression of the virus and factors that can increase risk of shingles reactivation like aging, stress, and immunosuppression.
Herpes zoster by dr bashir ahmed dar associate professor medicine sopore kas...Prof Dr Bashir Ahmed Dar
Herpes zoster (or simply zoster), commonly known as shingles and also known as zona, is a viral disease characterized by a painful skin rash with blisters in a limited area on one side of the body, often in a stripe. The initial infection with varicella zoster virus (VZV) causes the acute (short-lived) illness chickenpox which generally occurs in children and young adults.
Chickenpox is caused by the varicella-zoster virus. It presents as a mild illness in children characterized by a rash of itchy blisters that usually clears up within 1-2 weeks. While generally mild, chickenpox can cause serious complications in rare cases, especially in infants, adults, and immunocompromised individuals. The virus is highly contagious and spreads through the air via respiratory droplets. Vaccination provides effective protection against chickenpox.
Chickenpox is caused by the varicella-zoster virus. It causes a red, itchy rash that looks like blisters all over the body, and is most common in children ages 4-12. The virus is highly contagious from two days before the rash appears until the blisters crust over. While the rash is present, infected individuals are asked to stay home to prevent spreading the virus. There is an effective vaccine that provides immunity from the virus.
Chicken pox is caused by the varicella-zoster virus and causes a rash that may include fever and malaise. It is highly infectious and spreads through respiratory droplets. The rash starts on the trunk and spreads outward, going through stages of macules, papules, vesicles and scabs. Complications can include pneumonia, encephalitis and Reye's syndrome in rare cases. There is no specific treatment, but isolation and disinfection can help control spread. Vaccination is effective for prevention.
Chickenpox is caused by the varicella zoster virus and causes an itchy rash and blisters all over the body. It is highly contagious and spreads through direct contact or respiratory droplets. While usually mild in children, it can cause more serious complications in adults like pneumonia or encephalitis. Treatment focuses on relieving itching and fever and prevention includes vaccination.
Shingles is caused by the varicella zoster virus, which also causes chickenpox. After having chickenpox, the virus remains dormant in the nerves and can reactivate later in life as shingles. Shingles most commonly affects adults over 50 and causes a burning sensation and rash in a band-like pattern on one side of the body. While shingles itself is not contagious, someone without prior chickenpox exposure could contract chickenpox from a shingles patient. Treatments aim to relieve pain and shorten the 2-5 week duration of symptoms.
A apresentação descreve uma empresa chamada Voo Solo que oferece serviços personalizados para pessoas solteiras em Curitiba, como limpeza, reparos, compras, treinamento físico e cuidados com animais de estimação. A empresa se posiciona oferecendo alta qualidade e conveniência para que os clientes solteiros ganhem tempo.
Varicella, or chickenpox, is caused by the varicella-zoster virus. Chickenpox presents as an itchy rash with blister-like lesions that typically resolve within 4 to 6 days. Once infected, the virus remains dormant and can reactivate later in life as shingles. The varicella vaccine effectively prevents chickenpox infection and reduces severity when breakthrough cases occur. Transmission occurs through direct contact or airborne routes, with infected individuals being contagious from 1-2 days before the rash appears until lesions crust over.
Chickenpox is caused by the varicella zoster virus and presents as a red, itchy rash all over the body. It most commonly affects children between ages 4-12, especially in warmer months. Symptoms include fever, abdominal pain, and sore throat. While the virus is contagious before the rash appears, it spreads through direct contact with the rash. Treatment focuses on rest, nail cutting to prevent infection, and anti-itch creams. A vaccine using a weakened virus can protect children under 13 who have not had chickenpox.
The document discusses chicken pox, a highly contagious viral infection caused by the varicella zoster virus. It is characterized by an itchy rash of small blisters appearing in crops all over the skin. The virus is spread through direct contact with the fluid from skin eruptions or through the air from an infected person's nose or throat. While chicken pox is usually mild and self-limiting in children, it can be more serious in adults and those with weakened immune systems. Treatment focuses on reducing symptoms, and a vaccine is available to prevent infection.
Chickenpox, also called varicella, is a highly contagious disease caused by the varicella-zoster virus. It presents with a red, itchy rash that initially resembles insect bites on the face, scalp, chest, and back. While chickenpox is usually mild and self-limiting in children, it can lead to complications in infants, adolescents, pregnant women, and older patients. Treatment focuses on relieving symptoms through cooling baths, calamine lotion, and acetaminophen. The varicella vaccine provides effective prevention against chickenpox.
Chicken pox is a common childhood illness, although adults are known to contract it, as well. It is caused by a virus known as varicella, and common symptoms are itchy blisters, fever, headache, or a dry cough. Chicken pox can only be contracted once, and the earlier it is contracted, the less dangerous it usually is.
Mumps is a contagious viral disease that is transmitted through saliva and causes swelling of the salivary glands. Symptoms include fever, fatigue, and swelling of the parotid glands near the ears. While most people recover within 2 weeks with rest and over-the-counter pain medication, rare complications can include meningitis, encephalitis, hearing loss, and sterility in males. Vaccination with 2 doses of the MMR vaccine provides effective protection against mumps.
This document discusses common childhood illnesses and rashes. It provides details on chickenpox, measles, roseola infantum, fifth disease, German measles, meningitis, and threadworms. For each condition, it describes signs and symptoms, transmission, treatment if needed, and advice for parents. Management of fever and itching in childhood rashes is also addressed.
The document is a Vaccine Information Statement that provides information about the inactivated influenza vaccine. It discusses why getting vaccinated against influenza is important, as the virus can cause illness in people of any age but is especially dangerous for young children, elderly people, and those with certain health conditions. It also describes the inactivated influenza vaccine, including who should receive it, possible side effects, extremely rare severe reactions, and what to do in case of an adverse reaction.
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What is shingles?What are the symptoms of shingles?Is shingles contagious?What does shingles look like?How long does shingles last?How common is shingles?Causes of shinglesHow to treat shinglesAre there any tests for shingles?Should I see a doctor for shingles?What if I have shingles and a poor immune system?What complications are there from shingles?Is there a shingles vaccination?
The document discusses various airborne diseases including their causes, symptoms, and prevention. It begins by defining airborne diseases as illnesses spread through tiny pathogens in the air, transmitted through coughing, sneezing, or breathing. Common airborne diseases mentioned include the cold, flu, chickenpox, mumps, measles, and whooping cough. Uncommon diseases include anthrax, diphtheria, and meningitis. Prevention focuses on vaccination, ventilation, and avoiding contact with infected individuals showing symptoms.
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Chickenpox is caused by the varicella zoster virus and causes a blistering rash. It is highly contagious and spreads through the air via respiratory droplets from infected individuals. The rash starts as small red bumps that fill with fluid and scab over in about 7-10 days. While most cases resolve without complications, some can lead to bacterial infections, pneumonia, or encephalitis. Treatment focuses on reducing symptoms with antiviral medications, antihistamines, and fever reducers. The chickenpox vaccine provides protection for most who receive it.
Chickenpox, also known as varicella, is caused by the varicella-zoster virus. Symptoms include a mild fever and rash of red pox covering the body, with the average person experiencing 250-500 pox. The illness lasts 2-4 days after the rash appears and is highly contagious. While the body can typically fight it without treatment, oatmeal baths can provide relief from itching. Acetaminophen can also be used for treatment. Complications can include pneumonia, arthritis, and Reye's syndrome in rare cases.
HERPES ZOSTER BY DR BASHIR AHMED DAR ASSOCIATE PROFESSOR MEDICINE SOPORE KASHMIRProf Dr Bashir Ahmed Dar
The document provides information about herpes zoster (shingles), including:
- Shingles is caused by reactivation of the varicella zoster virus that causes chickenpox.
- It presents as a painful rash that follows nerve pathways on the skin.
- Risk factors for shingles include older age, stress, and weakened immunity.
- Postherpetic neuralgia is a complication where the nerve pain persists after the rash clears.
- Treatment involves antiviral medication and management of pain. Vaccination can help prevent shingles.
Chickenpox is caused by the varicella zoster virus. It results in a characteristic rash of itchy blisters that spread from the chest, back, and face to the rest of the body. Symptoms include fever, feeling tired, headaches and last five to ten days, with occasional complications like pneumonia, brain inflammation or skin infections. The disease is more severe in adults. While it is highly contagious through coughs or sneezes, vaccination has decreased cases and complications significantly.
Dengue and Chikungunya are viral diseases spread by the bite of infected Aedes mosquitoes. Dengue is caused by any one of four dengue virus serotypes, while Chikungunya causes joint pain and fever. Both illnesses present with acute fever, headache, rash and joint pains. The Aedes mosquito breeds in clean stagnant water and bites during the day. Prevention focuses on reducing mosquito habitats and protecting from bites. Most cases can be managed at home with rest and fluids, but signs like bleeding or abdominal pain require medical care. Repeated infection is possible with different serotypes.
Dengue & Chikungunya - All You Need To Know!Akshit Arora
A presentation on Dengue & Chikungunya and preventive measures! Received via one Instant Messenger application. Don't know about the credibility whether it's actually from the WHO or not! But good enough for education.
Dengue and Chikungunya are viral diseases spread by the bite of infected Aedes mosquitoes. Dengue causes flu-like symptoms and can sometimes cause potentially lethal complications. Chikungunya symptoms are similar but include severe joint pain. Both illnesses are diagnosed through blood tests. There is no vaccine or cure, so prevention focuses on eliminating mosquito breeding sites and protecting against bites. Proper treatment and monitoring for warning signs can reduce mortality from dengue.
The document discusses chickenpox, which is caused by the varicella-zoster virus. It presents as a fever and rash of itchy blisters that spread over the body. It is highly contagious and spreads through respiratory droplets. Most children get chickenpox, which usually lasts one week. Complications can include bacterial skin infections or pneumonia. High-risk groups like pregnant women and immunocompromised individuals may require antiviral treatment. Vaccination helps prevent chickenpox.
Mumps is a contagious viral infection that is transmitted through saliva or mucus from an infected person and causes swelling of the salivary glands. Common symptoms include fever, headache, and swelling of the parotid glands located below the ears. While mumps is usually mild and self-limiting, complications can include meningitis, pancreatitis, or orchitis in males. Vaccination with two doses of the MMR vaccine is highly effective at preventing mumps.
Influenza, or flu, is a contagious respiratory illness caused by influenza viruses that infect the nose, throat, and sometimes lungs. While most people recover within a week, flu can be deadly for young children, older adults, pregnant women, and those with weakened immune systems or chronic illnesses. There are four types of influenza viruses - A, B, C, and D. Influenza A and B primarily cause seasonal epidemics in humans. Influenza C causes mild illness and does not result in epidemics. Influenza D has not been known to cause human illness. The best way to prevent flu is to get the annual flu vaccine.
This document summarizes several common airborne diseases including the common cold, influenza, tuberculosis, pneumonia, chickenpox, mumps, and measles. For each disease, it describes the causative agent, symptoms, diagnosis, treatment, complications and prevention. The key information provided includes that airborne diseases are spread through the air via coughs, sneezes or talking from infected individuals. Common symptoms vary by disease but often include fever, cough and fatigue. Diagnosis involves medical history and exams while treatment focuses on relieving symptoms and preventing complications and transmission. Vaccination is the best prevention method for many of these contagious respiratory illnesses.
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2. Introduction to Chickenpox
• Chicken pox is usually a mild disease that most children will
encounter at some point in their lives
• It causes a red rash that turn into blisters filled with fluid, they then
dry over and become scabs before they fall off.
• The amount of spots each child has all over the body can vary but
usually appears on chest, belly, arms and legs.
• Chickenpox (known medically as varicella) is caused by a virus
called the varicella-zoster virus. It's spread quickly and easily from
someone who is infected.
• Chickenpox is most common in children under the age of 10. In fact,
chickenpox is so common in childhood that over 90% of adults are
immune to the condition because they've had it before.
3. What to do
• To prevent spreading the infection, keep children off nursery or
school until all their spots have crusted over.
• Chickenpox is infectious from one to two days before the rash starts,
until all the blisters have crusted over (usually five to six days after
the start of the rash).
• If your child has chickenpox, try to keep them away from public
areas to avoid contact with people who may not have had it,
especially people who are at risk of serious problems, such as
newborn babies, pregnant women and anyone with a weakened
immune system (for example, people having cancer treatment or
taking steroid tablets).
4. Chickenpox treatment
• Chickenpox in children is considered a mild illness, but your child
will probably feel pretty miserable and irritable while they have it.
• Your child may have a fever for the first few days of the illness. The
spots can be incredibly itchy.
• There is no specific treatment for chickenpox, but there are
pharmacy remedies that can alleviate symptoms. These include
paracetamol to relieve fever, and calamine lotion and cooling gels to
ease itching.
• In most children, the blisters crust up and fall off naturally within one
to two weeks.
5. Who's at special risk?
Some children and adults are at special risk of serious problems if they
catch chickenpox. They include:
• pregnant women
• new-born babies
• people with a weakened immune system
These people should seek medical advice as soon as they are exposed
to the chickenpox virus or they develop chickenpox symptoms.
6. Chickenpox and Shingles
Dorsal root
ganglion
Initial infection with the
virus, usually during
childhood, causes
chickenpox. The virus
then moves to a dorsal
root ganglion, where it
remains latent
indefinitely
Later, usually in adulthood,
immune system depression or
stress can trigger a reactivation
of the virus, causing shingles
7. Introduction to Shingles
• Shingles, also known as herpes zoster, is an infection of a nerve and
the skin around it. It is caused by the varicella-zoster virus, which
also causes chickenpox.
• Shingles usually affects a specific area on one side of the body and
does not cross over the midline of the body (an imaginary line
running from between your eyes down past the belly button).
• The main symptom is a painful rash that develops into itchy blisters
that contain particles of the virus.
• An episode of shingles typically lasts around two to four weeks,
although around one in five people go on to develop nerve pain
called postherpetic neuralgia in the affected area of skin
• It is possible to have shingles more than once, but it's very rare to
get it more than twice.
8. What to do
• Shingles is not usually serious, but you should see your GP as soon
as possible if you recognise the symptoms. Early treatment may
help reduce the severity of your symptoms and the risk of
developing complications.
• You should also see your GP if you are pregnant or have a
weakened immune system (the body's natural defence system) and
you think you have been exposed to someone with chickenpox or
shingles and haven't had chickenpox before.
• Your GP will usually be able to diagnose shingles based on your
symptoms and the appearance of the rash.
9. What causes Shingles?
Most people have chickenpox in childhood, but after the illness has
gone, the virus remains dormant (inactive) in the nervous system. The
immune system keeps the virus in check, but later in life it can be
reactivated and cause shingles.
It is not known exactly why the shingles virus is reactivated at a later
stage in life, but most cases are thought to be caused by having
lowered immunity (protection against infections and diseases).
This may be the result of:
• being older
• being stressed
• taking medication that weakens your immune system
• a condition that affects your immune system, such as HIV or AIDS
10. What causes Shingles?
There is no cure for shingles, but treatment is available to relieve the
symptoms until the condition resolves. Most cases of shingles last
around two to four weeks.
Treatment for shingles can include:
• covering the rash with clothing or a non-adherent (non-stick)
dressing to reduce the risk of other people becoming infected with
chickenpox, as it is very difficult to pass the virus on to someone
else if the rash is covered
• painkilling medication, such as paracetamol, ibuprofen or codeine
• antiviral medication to stop the virus multiplying, although not
everyone will need this
11. Complications with Shingles
Shingles can sometimes lead to complications, such as postherpetic
neuralgia. This is where severe nerve pain lasts for several months or
more after the rash has gone.
Complications such as this are usually in elderly people who have had
the condition and those with a weakened immune system.
Types of pain experienced by people with postherpetic neuralgia
include:
• constant or intermittent burning, aching, throbbing, stabbing, or
shooting pain
• allodynia – where you feel pain from something that should not be
painful, such as changes in temperature or the wind
• hyperalgesia – where you are very sensitive to pain
12. Can shingles be prevented?
It's not always possible to prevent shingles, but a vaccine called
Zostavax can reduce your chances of developing the condition.
If you still develop shingles after having this vaccine, the condition may
be milder and last for a shorter time than usual.
This vaccine is now routinely offered to older people on the NHS. It is
given as a single injection to anyone aged 70. There is also a catch-up
programme for those aged 79 and, from September 2014, 78 and 79-
year-olds. You will only need to have this vaccine once.
If you wish to have the shingles vaccine and you are not eligible for the
NHS vaccination programme, you will usually need to visit a private
clinic. Private vaccination is likely to cost £100-200.
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