The document outlines 7 basic human drives and needs: 1. The need for security (material, emotional, spiritual). This includes material/economic security as well as emotional security from stable relationships. 2. The need to belong to a group. Stories about other cultures can increase understanding of different groups. 3. The need to love and be loved. This is a very strong human need, and when not fulfilled in one way people will find substitutes, such as through family, pets, or fictional romantic relationships. 4. The need to achieve and do something worthwhile, such as overcoming obstacles or helping others. 5. The need to know and gain intellectual security through learning.

1. THE BASIC
DRIVES AND
NEEDS
MAY HILL ARBUTHNOT

2. 1. The need for
security (material,
emotional, spiritual)

3.  material and economic security is always a powerful drive in
human behavior and of unfailing interest as a motif or leading
ideas in stories.
 Emotional security-the satisfaction in the rightness and
stability of affections.

4. 2. The need to
belong-to be part
of a group

5. “Books about people from other lands and with diff. Creeds form
ours deepen children’s sympathies for our less fortunate brother
and increase their insight into group problems.

6. 3. The need to love
and be loved

7. “Every human being wants to love
and be loved.”
-This need is so pressing that when it is
frustrated in one direction, it will provide its
own substitute.

8. Family affections
Animal devotions e.g. Bambi, Black
Beauty
Warm friendships
Romantic relations e.g. Sleeping Beauty
and Snow White– begins early but
remains extremely impersonal

9. 4. The need to
achieve-to do
something
worthwhile

10. -the satisfaction in being able to do or be something for
which they are respected or loved.

11. In adolescence…

12. Achieve despite handicaps…

13. 5. The need to know

14. -the basic hunger that books can satisfy directly.
Thus acquire intellectual security

15. 6. The need for
change: play

16. “ a psychologist has classified play as part of the
desire for change, which is one o the basic
needs of the human organism.

17. Books are means to escape temporarily our cares and
trouble and come back refreshed and relaxed.
Has therapeutic Value

18. 7. The need for
aesthetic
satisfaction

19. The need to adorn, to make beautiful, and to
enjoy beauty.