TGA Analysis
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TGA means "Thermogravimetric Analysis".What is TGA?, Principal Of TGA, How it Works?, Application and Characterization.
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Thermogravimetric Analysis
Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) measures the weight changes that occur as a material is heated. There are two main types of TGA - dynamic and isothermal. A TGA curve, also called a thermogram, plots weight change versus temperature. Instrumental factors like heating rate and furnace atmosphere, as well as sample characteristics, can affect the TGA curve. TGA is used for applications like determining material purity, thermal stability, and moisture content. A basic TGA instrument consists of a high precision balance, furnace, temperature controller, and data recorder.
DIFFERENTIAL SCANNING CALORIMETRY(DSC)
Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) is a technique used to analyze thermal transitions in materials. There are two main types of DSC instruments: heat-flux DSC and power-compensated DSC. Heat-flux DSC measures the difference in heat flow into the sample and reference, while power-compensated DSC maintains the sample and reference at equal temperatures while measuring the power difference required. DSC can be used to analyze properties such as glass transitions, melting points, crystallization kinetics, and heat of reactions. It has applications in fields such as materials science, polymers, and pharmaceuticals.
DIFFERENTIAL THERMAL ANALYSIS & DIFFERENTIAL SCANNING CALORIMETRY
Differential thermal analysis (DTA) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) are thermal analysis techniques that can be used to analyze materials. DTA measures the temperature difference between a sample and an inert reference as both are subjected to identical temperature programs. DSC maintains the sample and reference at the same temperature during a thermal event in the sample by measuring the energy required. Both techniques can detect physical and chemical changes that occur in samples through endothermic or exothermic events as temperature is changed. DSC is now more commonly used as it provides calorimetric measurements of energy changes during transitions.
Differential thermal analysis - instrumental methods of analysis
Differential thermal analysis (DTA) is a thermal analysis technique that measures the temperature difference between a sample and an inert reference material as both are subjected to identical temperature changes. DTA can detect physical and chemical changes that occur in a sample as it is heated or cooled, such as melting, crystallization, and decomposition. The technique works by comparing the temperature of the sample to the reference over time as both are heated or cooled at a controlled rate. Any temperature differences between the sample and reference are plotted against temperature or time to produce a DTA curve, which can provide information about the sample's composition and phase transitions. Key factors that can affect DTA curves include the sample environment, instrumentation used, and characteristics of the sample
Differential scanning calorimetry
DSC ( differential scanning calorimetry) is a thermo-analytical technique for qualitative and quantitative assessment of our analyte on the basis of heat provision and heat withdrawn from pan with compensation of both pans.
thermogravimetric analysis
Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) measures the change in mass of a substance as it is heated. In TGA, a sample is heated at a controlled rate in a furnace while its weight is continuously monitored using a microbalance. The weight change is plotted against temperature or time to produce a thermogram. Factors like heating rate, furnace atmosphere, sample weight and particle size can affect the TGA curve. TGA is used to study processes like decomposition, oxidation, and moisture loss that cause weight changes in materials when heated.
Thermal analysis
The document summarizes several thermal analysis techniques such as TMA, DSC, TGA, DTA, and TPD. It explains that these techniques involve heating a sample at a constant rate while measuring its properties, such as weight, size, heat flow, or gases evolved. The data
Tga
Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) measures the mass of a sample as it is heated or cooled over time. TGA is performed using a thermobalance, which precisely measures mass changes in a sample as the temperature is varied. This allows chemical and physical processes that cause changes in mass to be identified. Common applications of TGA include determining composition of materials, thermal stability, and decomposition kinetics.
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Thermogravimetric Analysis
Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) measures the weight changes that occur as a material is heated. There are two main types of TGA - dynamic and isothermal. A TGA curve, also called a thermogram, plots weight change versus temperature. Instrumental factors like heating rate and furnace atmosphere, as well as sample characteristics, can affect the TGA curve. TGA is used for applications like determining material purity, thermal stability, and moisture content. A basic TGA instrument consists of a high precision balance, furnace, temperature controller, and data recorder.
DIFFERENTIAL SCANNING CALORIMETRY(DSC)
Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) is a technique used to analyze thermal transitions in materials. There are two main types of DSC instruments: heat-flux DSC and power-compensated DSC. Heat-flux DSC measures the difference in heat flow into the sample and reference, while power-compensated DSC maintains the sample and reference at equal temperatures while measuring the power difference required. DSC can be used to analyze properties such as glass transitions, melting points, crystallization kinetics, and heat of reactions. It has applications in fields such as materials science, polymers, and pharmaceuticals.
DIFFERENTIAL THERMAL ANALYSIS & DIFFERENTIAL SCANNING CALORIMETRY
Differential thermal analysis (DTA) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) are thermal analysis techniques that can be used to analyze materials. DTA measures the temperature difference between a sample and an inert reference as both are subjected to identical temperature programs. DSC maintains the sample and reference at the same temperature during a thermal event in the sample by measuring the energy required. Both techniques can detect physical and chemical changes that occur in samples through endothermic or exothermic events as temperature is changed. DSC is now more commonly used as it provides calorimetric measurements of energy changes during transitions.
Differential thermal analysis - instrumental methods of analysis
Differential thermal analysis (DTA) is a thermal analysis technique that measures the temperature difference between a sample and an inert reference material as both are subjected to identical temperature changes. DTA can detect physical and chemical changes that occur in a sample as it is heated or cooled, such as melting, crystallization, and decomposition. The technique works by comparing the temperature of the sample to the reference over time as both are heated or cooled at a controlled rate. Any temperature differences between the sample and reference are plotted against temperature or time to produce a DTA curve, which can provide information about the sample's composition and phase transitions. Key factors that can affect DTA curves include the sample environment, instrumentation used, and characteristics of the sample
Differential scanning calorimetry
DSC ( differential scanning calorimetry) is a thermo-analytical technique for qualitative and quantitative assessment of our analyte on the basis of heat provision and heat withdrawn from pan with compensation of both pans.
thermogravimetric analysis
Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) measures the change in mass of a substance as it is heated. In TGA, a sample is heated at a controlled rate in a furnace while its weight is continuously monitored using a microbalance. The weight change is plotted against temperature or time to produce a thermogram. Factors like heating rate, furnace atmosphere, sample weight and particle size can affect the TGA curve. TGA is used to study processes like decomposition, oxidation, and moisture loss that cause weight changes in materials when heated.
Thermal analysis
The document summarizes several thermal analysis techniques such as TMA, DSC, TGA, DTA, and TPD. It explains that these techniques involve heating a sample at a constant rate while measuring its properties, such as weight, size, heat flow, or gases evolved. The data
Tga
Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) measures the mass of a sample as it is heated or cooled over time. TGA is performed using a thermobalance, which precisely measures mass changes in a sample as the temperature is varied. This allows chemical and physical processes that cause changes in mass to be identified. Common applications of TGA include determining composition of materials, thermal stability, and decomposition kinetics.
Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC)
Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) is a thermoanalytical technique that measures the heat flow into a sample as it is heated, cooled, or held at constant temperature. DSC curves show endothermic or exothermic reactions as peaks or dips. DSC is used to determine glass transition temperatures, crystallization and melting points, purity, and heat capacity. It has applications in pharmaceutical analysis, polymer curing processes, and general chemical analysis. DSC provides information about physical and chemical changes by measuring the difference in heat flow between the sample and reference.
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This document discusses thermal analysis techniques such as differential thermal analysis (DTA) and thermogravimetry (TGA). It explains that DTA involves measuring the temperature difference between a sample and reference material as they are heated, allowing physical and chemical changes to be identified. TGA measures the mass change of a sample as it is heated to determine information about physical phenomena like phase transitions and chemical phenomena like decomposition. The document provides details on the principles, instrumentation, factors affecting the techniques, and applications of DTA and TGA.
THERMAL TECHNIQUE AND DIFFERENTIAL SCANNING CALORIMETRY
This document provides an overview of differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). It discusses the history, principle, instrumentation, and applications of DSC. Specifically, it describes how DSC works by measuring the difference in the amount of heat required to increase the temperature of a sample and reference. This allows it to analyze endothermic and exothermic reactions that occur with temperature changes in materials. The document also summarizes different types of DSC instruments including heat flux DSC, power compensated DSC, and modulated DSC.
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Thermo Gravimetric Analysis-1.pptx
Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) is a technique that measures the weight changes that a material undergoes as a function of temperature or time under a controlled atmosphere. There are three main types of TGA: static, dynamic, and quasi-static. The basic principle is that a sample is heated at a controlled rate and the change in weight is recorded as a function of temperature or time. This produces a thermogravimetric curve or thermogram. TGA is used to determine characteristics such as thermal stability, decomposition temperature, and reaction kinetics of materials.
Differential Thermal Analysis
For analytical students
Differential thermal analysis is a technique through which we can measure the change in temperature as a function of time or temperature
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DIFFERENTIAL THERMAL ANALYSIS (DTA), ppt
Differential thermal analysis (DTA) is a thermal analysis technique that measures the temperature difference between a sample and an inert reference material as they are heated or cooled. DTA can detect physical or chemical changes in a sample as they occur, such as fusion, crystallization, oxidation, or decomposition. Changes are detected based on the temperature difference that develops between the sample and reference material. DTA provides a characteristic "fingerprint" curve for a sample that can be used to identify materials. Common applications of DTA include quantitative identification and purity assessment of materials.
Differential scanning calorimetry [dsc]
In DSC the heat flow is measured and plotted against temperature of furnace or time to get a thermo gram. This is the basis of Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC).
The deviation observed above the base (zero) line is called exothermic transition and below is called endothermic transition.
DSC & TGA Thermal Analysis.pptx
This document discusses thermal analytical techniques, specifically thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). It provides details on the principles, instrumentation, factors affecting results, and applications of TGA and DSC. TGA measures the mass of a sample as the temperature changes and is used to determine decomposition temperatures. DSC measures the heat flow into a sample relative to a reference as temperature changes and can detect phase transitions like melting. Both techniques provide thermal data through continuously recorded curves.
TGA
Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) measures the change in mass of a sample as it is heated. In a TGA experiment, a sample is placed in a furnace that increases in temperature at a controlled rate while the sample mass is continuously monitored with a microbalance. A TGA curve plots the percentage mass change over time or temperature. TGA can be used to determine decomposition temperatures of materials, measure purity and stability, and study thermal decomposition mechanisms of organic, inorganic, and polymeric compounds.
Thermogravimetric Analysis (TGA)
A small presentation on Thermogravimetric Analysis, working of TGA instrument and Characteristic analysis with its help.
Thermogravimetric analysis(TGA)
Thermal analysis techniques measure physical properties as a function of temperature. Differential thermal analysis (DTA) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) compare the temperature of a sample to an inert reference as each is subjected to a heating or cooling program. In DTA, any temperature difference between sample and reference indicates a chemical or physical change in the sample. DSC directly measures heat flow into or out of the sample, allowing determination of transition temperatures and heats of reactions. Both techniques find applications in chemistry, materials science, polymers, pharmaceuticals and more.
DIFFERENTIAL THERMAL ANALYSIS (DTA)
Differential thermal analysis (DTA) is a thermal analysis technique that monitors the temperature difference between a sample and an inert reference material as both are subjected to a controlled temperature program. It detects endothermic or exothermic physical or chemical changes in the sample that cause temperature differences compared to the reference. A DTA instrument consists of sample and reference holders connected to thermocouples, a furnace, temperature programmer, and recording system to plot the differential temperature curve against time or temperature. DTA provides both qualitative and quantitative information about materials and is widely used in industries like pharmaceuticals, polymers, minerals, and cement.
Differential Scanning Colorimetry
This document provides an overview of differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). DSC is a thermoanalytical technique that measures the heat flow into or out of a sample as it is heated or cooled. It can detect phase transitions like melting or glass transitions. The document discusses the principles, instrumentation, nature of DSC curves, factors affecting curves, and comparisons between DSC and differential thermal analysis.
Thermal methods of Analysis
Slide covers three methods of thermal analysis i.e., thermogravimetry, differential thermal analysis, and differential scanning calorimetry. Thermal analysis methods are well-established techniques in research laboratories of pharmaceutical industry. Thermal analysis includes all methods measuring some parameter during the heating of a sample .Thermal analysis is widely used to study the thermal stability, char content, and decomposition temperature of polymer composites reinforced with natural/synthetic fibers/or nanosized fillers etc.
DTA
Differential thermal analysis (DTA) is a thermal analysis technique that measures the temperature difference between a sample and an inert reference material as they are heated or cooled under identical conditions. [DTA] curves provide information about physical and chemical changes in a material as a function of temperature or time, such as fusion, decomposition, or phase transitions. The DTA technique involves heating a sample and reference material simultaneously while measuring any temperature differences between the two. Changes in the sample, such as exothermic or endothermic reactions, will result in temperature differences compared to the inert reference curve. DTA can be used to identify materials and assess purity by comparing sample curves to reference curves.
Thermal analysis
This document provides an overview of thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). TGA measures the mass of a substance as it is heated, allowing the determination of thermal stability and decomposition points. It describes key concepts like dynamic and isothermal TGA, and outlines the typical components of a TGA instrument including a furnace, balance, and temperature controller. Sample preparation and factors affecting analysis are also discussed. Applications include characterization of materials used in industries like pharmaceuticals and petrochemicals.
Applications of tga
Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) measures the change in weight of a sample as it is heated. It can be used to detect decomposition, oxidation, and solvent loss. Some key applications of TGA include analyzing ceramics, metals, polymers, pharmaceuticals, foods, and printed circuit boards. For example, TGA can measure the thermal stability and oxidation kinetics of ceramic materials like silicon carbide, determine the composition of metal alloys, and analyze the effects of additives and optimization of polymer materials.
thermogravimetric analysis
This document discusses Thermo gravimetric analysis (TGA), a technique where the weight of a substance is recorded as it is heated or cooled at a controlled rate. TGA is used to detect changes in mass that occur due to thermal events like desorption, absorption, and chemical reactions. Results are displayed as Thermo gravimetric (TG) curves that plot mass change versus temperature or time. The curves reveal temperatures where mass loss occurs due to decomposition or evaporation, as well as temperatures where the material is stable. TGA can be used to identify materials based on their characteristic temperature ranges of decomposition. Modern TGA instruments precisely measure weight changes, can rapidly heat and cool samples, and are often coupled to additional analytical techniques.
thermogaravimetric analysis differential thermal analysis swapnil ppt
a college brief seminar about thermogravimetric analysis(TGA) and differential thermal analysis(DTA)....Swapnil Sanghavi
TGA.pptx principle, instrumentation, theory
Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) measures the mass of a sample as the temperature changes. There are three main types: isothermal, quasistatic, and dynamic. TGA provides information about physical and chemical phenomena like phase transitions and decomposition reactions. The sample is heated and weight changes are measured and plotted in a thermogravimetric curve. TGA is used to study material properties, composition, and stability in applications like pharmaceutical analysis and catalyst studies.
abhishek 22mphyto13 term paper mpat.pptx
Thermal analysis techniques such as TGA, DSC and DTA are used to study changes in physical properties of a material as it is heated or cooled. TGA measures weight changes, DSC measures heat flow into or out of a sample, and DTA measures temperature differences between a sample and reference. These techniques provide information on material composition, purity, thermal stability and phase transitions. Key factors affecting the analysis include heating rate, furnace atmosphere, sample properties and instrumentation parameters. Thermal analysis has applications in various fields including analytical chemistry and materials characterization.
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Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC)
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This document discusses thermal analysis techniques such as differential thermal analysis (DTA) and thermogravimetry (TGA). It explains that DTA involves measuring the temperature difference between a sample and reference material as they are heated, allowing physical and chemical changes to be identified. TGA measures the mass change of a sample as it is heated to determine information about physical phenomena like phase transitions and chemical phenomena like decomposition. The document provides details on the principles, instrumentation, factors affecting the techniques, and applications of DTA and TGA.
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This document provides an overview of differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). It discusses the history, principle, instrumentation, and applications of DSC. Specifically, it describes how DSC works by measuring the difference in the amount of heat required to increase the temperature of a sample and reference. This allows it to analyze endothermic and exothermic reactions that occur with temperature changes in materials. The document also summarizes different types of DSC instruments including heat flux DSC, power compensated DSC, and modulated DSC.
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3. Principle
4. thermogram
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Thermo Gravimetric Analysis-1.pptx
Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) is a technique that measures the weight changes that a material undergoes as a function of temperature or time under a controlled atmosphere. There are three main types of TGA: static, dynamic, and quasi-static. The basic principle is that a sample is heated at a controlled rate and the change in weight is recorded as a function of temperature or time. This produces a thermogravimetric curve or thermogram. TGA is used to determine characteristics such as thermal stability, decomposition temperature, and reaction kinetics of materials.
Differential Thermal Analysis
For analytical students
Differential thermal analysis is a technique through which we can measure the change in temperature as a function of time or temperature
you can surely get concept of this technique along with the applications of this technique
DIFFERENTIAL THERMAL ANALYSIS (DTA), ppt
Differential thermal analysis (DTA) is a thermal analysis technique that measures the temperature difference between a sample and an inert reference material as they are heated or cooled. DTA can detect physical or chemical changes in a sample as they occur, such as fusion, crystallization, oxidation, or decomposition. Changes are detected based on the temperature difference that develops between the sample and reference material. DTA provides a characteristic "fingerprint" curve for a sample that can be used to identify materials. Common applications of DTA include quantitative identification and purity assessment of materials.
Differential scanning calorimetry [dsc]
In DSC the heat flow is measured and plotted against temperature of furnace or time to get a thermo gram. This is the basis of Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC).
The deviation observed above the base (zero) line is called exothermic transition and below is called endothermic transition.
DSC & TGA Thermal Analysis.pptx
This document discusses thermal analytical techniques, specifically thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). It provides details on the principles, instrumentation, factors affecting results, and applications of TGA and DSC. TGA measures the mass of a sample as the temperature changes and is used to determine decomposition temperatures. DSC measures the heat flow into a sample relative to a reference as temperature changes and can detect phase transitions like melting. Both techniques provide thermal data through continuously recorded curves.
TGA
Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) measures the change in mass of a sample as it is heated. In a TGA experiment, a sample is placed in a furnace that increases in temperature at a controlled rate while the sample mass is continuously monitored with a microbalance. A TGA curve plots the percentage mass change over time or temperature. TGA can be used to determine decomposition temperatures of materials, measure purity and stability, and study thermal decomposition mechanisms of organic, inorganic, and polymeric compounds.
Thermogravimetric Analysis (TGA)
A small presentation on Thermogravimetric Analysis, working of TGA instrument and Characteristic analysis with its help.
Thermogravimetric analysis(TGA)
Thermal analysis techniques measure physical properties as a function of temperature. Differential thermal analysis (DTA) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) compare the temperature of a sample to an inert reference as each is subjected to a heating or cooling program. In DTA, any temperature difference between sample and reference indicates a chemical or physical change in the sample. DSC directly measures heat flow into or out of the sample, allowing determination of transition temperatures and heats of reactions. Both techniques find applications in chemistry, materials science, polymers, pharmaceuticals and more.
DIFFERENTIAL THERMAL ANALYSIS (DTA)
Differential thermal analysis (DTA) is a thermal analysis technique that monitors the temperature difference between a sample and an inert reference material as both are subjected to a controlled temperature program. It detects endothermic or exothermic physical or chemical changes in the sample that cause temperature differences compared to the reference. A DTA instrument consists of sample and reference holders connected to thermocouples, a furnace, temperature programmer, and recording system to plot the differential temperature curve against time or temperature. DTA provides both qualitative and quantitative information about materials and is widely used in industries like pharmaceuticals, polymers, minerals, and cement.
Differential Scanning Colorimetry
This document provides an overview of differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). DSC is a thermoanalytical technique that measures the heat flow into or out of a sample as it is heated or cooled. It can detect phase transitions like melting or glass transitions. The document discusses the principles, instrumentation, nature of DSC curves, factors affecting curves, and comparisons between DSC and differential thermal analysis.
Thermal methods of Analysis
Slide covers three methods of thermal analysis i.e., thermogravimetry, differential thermal analysis, and differential scanning calorimetry. Thermal analysis methods are well-established techniques in research laboratories of pharmaceutical industry. Thermal analysis includes all methods measuring some parameter during the heating of a sample .Thermal analysis is widely used to study the thermal stability, char content, and decomposition temperature of polymer composites reinforced with natural/synthetic fibers/or nanosized fillers etc.
DTA
Differential thermal analysis (DTA) is a thermal analysis technique that measures the temperature difference between a sample and an inert reference material as they are heated or cooled under identical conditions. [DTA] curves provide information about physical and chemical changes in a material as a function of temperature or time, such as fusion, decomposition, or phase transitions. The DTA technique involves heating a sample and reference material simultaneously while measuring any temperature differences between the two. Changes in the sample, such as exothermic or endothermic reactions, will result in temperature differences compared to the inert reference curve. DTA can be used to identify materials and assess purity by comparing sample curves to reference curves.
Thermal analysis
This document provides an overview of thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). TGA measures the mass of a substance as it is heated, allowing the determination of thermal stability and decomposition points. It describes key concepts like dynamic and isothermal TGA, and outlines the typical components of a TGA instrument including a furnace, balance, and temperature controller. Sample preparation and factors affecting analysis are also discussed. Applications include characterization of materials used in industries like pharmaceuticals and petrochemicals.
Applications of tga
Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) measures the change in weight of a sample as it is heated. It can be used to detect decomposition, oxidation, and solvent loss. Some key applications of TGA include analyzing ceramics, metals, polymers, pharmaceuticals, foods, and printed circuit boards. For example, TGA can measure the thermal stability and oxidation kinetics of ceramic materials like silicon carbide, determine the composition of metal alloys, and analyze the effects of additives and optimization of polymer materials.
thermogravimetric analysis
This document discusses Thermo gravimetric analysis (TGA), a technique where the weight of a substance is recorded as it is heated or cooled at a controlled rate. TGA is used to detect changes in mass that occur due to thermal events like desorption, absorption, and chemical reactions. Results are displayed as Thermo gravimetric (TG) curves that plot mass change versus temperature or time. The curves reveal temperatures where mass loss occurs due to decomposition or evaporation, as well as temperatures where the material is stable. TGA can be used to identify materials based on their characteristic temperature ranges of decomposition. Modern TGA instruments precisely measure weight changes, can rapidly heat and cool samples, and are often coupled to additional analytical techniques.
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THERMAL TECHNIQUE AND DIFFERENTIAL SCANNING CALORIMETRY
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thermogaravimetric analysis differential thermal analysis swapnil ppt
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TGA.pptx principle, instrumentation, theory
Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) measures the mass of a sample as the temperature changes. There are three main types: isothermal, quasistatic, and dynamic. TGA provides information about physical and chemical phenomena like phase transitions and decomposition reactions. The sample is heated and weight changes are measured and plotted in a thermogravimetric curve. TGA is used to study material properties, composition, and stability in applications like pharmaceutical analysis and catalyst studies.
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Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) is introduced as a technique to measure the changes in mass of a material as it is heated. Key points made in the document include:
- TGA is commonly used to assess the thermal stability and determine the composition of polymers. It measures the mass of a sample as it is heated in a controlled atmosphere.
- Common factors analyzed from TGA curves include the shape, temperatures of mass changes, and magnitudes of mass changes. Temperature of initial degradation and 5% mass loss are used to compare thermal stability.
- Polymers typically undergo degradation through mechanisms like decomposition, desorption, or oxidation, which result in mass changes. TGA can be used
Thermal analysis
Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) measures how the weight of a material changes as it is heated. During TGA, a sample is heated at a controlled rate while measuring its weight change. Physical changes like phase transitions and chemical changes like decomposition can be identified by changes in the weight of the sample over temperature. TGA curves plot weight change versus temperature. TGA is used to determine material properties over a range of temperatures, characterize materials and chemical compositions, and identify reaction kinetics. The sample environment, heating rate, and sample size can affect TGA results. Common applications include determining purity and thermal stability, analyzing complex mixtures, and studying catalysts.
Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) By Thermogravimetric analysis(TGA) by Vikr...
Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) measures the mass of a sample as the temperature changes. It provides information on physical and chemical phenomena like phase transitions and decomposition. In TGA, the sample is heated at a controlled rate while changes in mass are recorded. The plot of mass change versus temperature is called a thermogravimetric curve. TGA is used to determine purity, composition, reaction kinetics, and stability of materials like pharmaceuticals. It can also identify residual solvents and moisture in samples.
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This document provides information about thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). TGA measures the mass of a sample as the temperature changes over time. It can be used to determine composition, thermal stability, and decomposition properties of materials. The key components of a TGA instrument include a high precision balance, furnace, temperature controller, and data recorder. TGA provides a thermal curve showing weight change percentages as temperature increases. Sample characteristics and instrumental factors like heating rate and atmosphere affect TGA results. Applications include characterization of materials used in pharmaceuticals, foods, and other industries.
Thermal analysis
Thermal analysis techniques like differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA) are used to analyze materials. DSC measures heat flows involved in physical and chemical changes as a function of temperature, providing information on transitions. TGA measures the weight change of a material over time and temperature in controlled environments. Both techniques involve heating samples in a controlled furnace and precisely measuring temperature, heat flows or weight changes to characterize materials and their transitions. They are useful for applications like determining phase changes, composition, and stability of materials like polymers, pharmaceuticals, foods and more.
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- 2. •“Thermogravimetry(TG) is the branch of thermal analysis which examines the mass change of a sample as a function of temperature or as a function of time.” •“Thermogravimetric analysis(TGA) is a method of thermal analysis in which changes in physical and chemical properties of materials are measured as a function of increasing temperature or as a function of time.” WHAT IS TGA?
- 3. •“It is a technique whereby the weight of the substance, in an environment heated or cooled at a controlled rate, is recorded as a function of time or temperature.” •Changes in the mass of a sample are studied while the sample is subjected to a program. •Changes in temperature affect the sample. Not all thermal changes/events bring change in mass of sample i.e. melting, crystallization but some thermal events i.e. desorption, absorption, sublimation, vaporization, oxidation, reduction and decomposition bring a drastic change in mass of sample. •It is used in analysis of volatile products, gaseous products lost during the reaction in thermoplastics, thermosets, elastomers, composites, films, fibres, coatings, paints, etc. PRINCIPAL OF TGA:-
- 4. •Instrument used for thermogravimetry is “Thermobalance”. Data recorded in form of curve known as ‘Thermogram’. •The furnace can raise the temperature as high as 1000°C which is made of quartz. •The auto sampler helps to load the samples on to the microbalance. •The thermocouple sits right above the sample. •Care should be taken at all times that the thermocouple is not in touch with the sample which is in a platinum pan. HOW IT WORKS?
- 5. •A technique measuring the variation in mass of a sample undergoing temperature scanning in a controlled atmosphere. •Thermobalance allows for monitoring sample weight as a function of temperature. •The sample hangs from the balance inside the furnace and the balance is thermally isolated from the furnace. A
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- 11. Weight loss Weight gain Thermal stability Material purity Determination of humidity All of these are kinetic processes CHARACTERIZATION:-