The document discusses various teratogens, or substances that can cause birth defects, including x-rays, hyperthermia, HIV, rubella, toxoplasmosis, alcohol, cocaine, and aspirin. X-rays and hyperthermia can cause slow growth and developmental issues. HIV transmission can be reduced through treatment. Rubella may cause blindness, deafness, or disabilities. Toxoplasmosis can impact development. Alcohol is a leading cause of defects and issues. Cocaine can lead to addiction, low birth weight, and organ problems in babies. Aspirin may prolong labor and cause bleeding.

1. TERATOGENESIS (causing of
congenital anomalies)
V.Kanthasamy
M.Sc.,Life Science
BDU

9. They include…
X-Rays
–slow growth, developmental disabilities,
sterility, possible cancers later in life
Hyperthermia
–Refers to an abnormally high body
temperature (fever, prolonged exposure to
extreme heat source, heavy exercising)
–Baby is more likely to form neural tube defects,
including spina bifida (incompletely formed
spinal cord, may result in paralysis)

17. HIV
– The biggest risk to the fetus is for transmission of the
virus to fetus
– Treatment during pregnancy can greatly reduce the risk
to the baby.
Rubella
– A.K.A. German Measles, may result in the baby being
born blind, deaf, mentally disabled, have heart defects
Toxoplasmosis
– Common infection caused by infectious worms
– Can cause developmental disabilities, deafness,
blindness

26. Alcohol
-Leading known preventable cause of birth defects
-Low birth weight
-Heart, joint, & eye defects
-Fetal Alcohol Syndrome

29. Cocaine
– Baby will be born addicted to cocaine
– Low birth-weight or premature birth
– Grow slowly, malformed internal organs
– Behavior worsens as they get older
– Mothers addicted to crack usually have poor health and
nutrition

30. Always discuss any medications with doctor prior to taking
them
Aspirin
- Prolonged labor
- Bleeding in mother and baby

33. THANK YOU……..