The document discusses several physics concepts including the Maxwell-Boltzmann distribution, the normal distribution, and the virial expansion. It notes that Maxwell first demonstrated that certain physics quantities like molecular velocities in ideal gases are normally distributed. It also explains that the virial expansion expresses gas pressure as a power series involving density, and was introduced in 1901 as a generalization of the ideal gas law. A few related Wikipedia articles and websites are also listed for additional information.

3. Segundo a Wikipedia…
“Certain quantities in physics are distributed normally, as was first demonstrated by James
Clerk Maxwell. Examples of such quantities are:
Velocities of the molecules in the ideal gas.

6. http://demonstrations.wolfram.com/TheMaxw
ellSpeedDistribution/

7. The speed
probability density
functions of the
speeds of a
few noble gases at a
temperature of
298.15 K (25 °C).

8. Segundo o livro
Modern theories of gaes represent the equation of state of a gas using a
so-called virial expansion
Segundo a Wikipédia
The classical virial expansion expresses the pressure of a many-particle
system in equilibrium as a power series in the density. The virial
expansion was introduced in 1901 by Heike Kamerlingh Onnes as a
generalization of the ideal gas law. He wrote for a gas containing N atoms
or molecules

26. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maxwell%E2%80%93Boltzmann_distributio
n
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maxwell%E2%80%93Boltzmann_statistics
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Normal_distribution
http://physicsofmatter.com/
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Virial_theorem
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Virial_expansion
http://www.mrao.cam.ac.uk/teaching/sqp