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TEMPERATURE-HUMIDITY CONTROLLER WITH FIRE DETECTOR
This document describes a temperature-humidity controller with a fire detector. It controls temperature, humidity, and detects fires. The controller uses sensors to measure temperature, humidity, and detect fires. It then activates components like the AC, heater, windows to control the temperature and humidity. In case of a fire, it sounds an alarm and cuts off the gas supply. It has applications in places like hospitals, schools, hotels to control the indoor environment.
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TEMPERATURE-HUMIDITY CONTROLLER WITH FIRE DETECTOR
- 1. TEMPERATURE- HUMIDITY CONTROLLER WITH FIRE DETECTOR MadeBy:-ANJALI SINGH
- 2. OBJECTIVE To decrease thetemperature when the temperature set point is crossed. It decreases the moisture content in the room. It increases temperature when the temperature set point is crossed. It controls the fire and alarms the people. It cuts off the gas supply in case of fire which can be uncontrollable up to an extent. It also provide a facility in which cooling, heating process can be more effective by closing the windows.
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- 4. A controller, ina computing context, is a hardware device or a software program that manages or directs the flow of data between two entities. In computing, controllers may be cards, microchips or separate hardware devices for the control of a peripheral device. In a general sense, a controller can be thought of as something or someone that interfaces between two systems and manages communications between them.
- 5. TYPES OF CONTROLLER TemperatureController Humidity Controller
- 6. TEMPERATURE CONTR0LLER An on-offcontroller is the simplest form of temperature control device. The output from the device is either on or off, with no middle state. An on-off controller will switch the output only when the temperature crosses the set point. For heating control, the output is on when the temperature is below the set point and off above set point.
- 7. HUMIDITY CONTROLLER Humidity isthe presence of water in air. The presence of water vapor also influences various physical, chemical, and biological processes. Humidity measurement in industries is critical because it may affect the business cost of the product and the health and safety of the personnel. Hence, humidity sensing is very important, especially in the control systems for industrial processes and human comfort. To avoid the problems of excess moisture it is necessary to limit or control the amount of water vapor in the house.
- 8. • Measurement -Relative humidity (RH) is the amount of water vapor in the air compared with the amount of vapor needed to make the air saturated at the air's current temperature Example: At 3 p.m. the air has 9 grams of water vapor per cubic meter of air. We divide 9 by 30 and multiply by 100 to get a relative humidity of 30% What is Relative Humidity (RH)
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- 10. A DETECTOR isa device or instrument designed to detect the presence of a particular object or substance A heat detector is designed to respond when the convected thermal energy of a fire increases the temperature of a heat sensitive element. The thermal mass and conductivity of the element regulate the rate flow of heat into the element.
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- 12. A sensor isa device that detects events or changes in quantities and provides a corresponding output, generally as an electrical or optical signal. A sensor's sensitivity indicates how much the sensor's output changes when the input quantity being measured changes.
- 13. TYPES OF SENSORS TemperatureSensors Humidity Sensors Fire Sensors
- 14. TEMPERATURE SENSOR A TemperatureSensor consists of two basic physical types:- 1.Contact Temperature Sensor Types 2.Non-contact Temperature Sensor Types
- 15. 1. Contact TemperatureSensor Types – These types of temperature sensor are required to be in physical contact with the object being sensed and use conduction to monitor changes in temperature. They can be used to detect solids, liquids or gases over a wide range of temperatures. 2. Non-contact Temperature Sensor Types – These types of temperature sensor use convection and radiation to monitor changes in temperature. They can be used to detect liquids and gases that emit radiant energy as heat rises and cold settles to the bottom in convection currents or detect the radiant energy being transmitted from an object in the form of infra-red radiation (the sun).
- 16. HUMIDITY SENSOR A humiditysensor senses relative humidity. This means that it measures both air temperature and moisture. Relative humidity, expressed as a percent, is the ratio of actual moisture in the air to the highest amount of moisture air at that temperature can hold. Sensirion ( SHT Series )
- 17. The warmer theair is, the more moisture it can hold, so relative humidity changes with fluctuations in temperature. A humidity sensor, also called a hygrometer, measures and regularly reports the relative humidity in the air. They may be used in homes for people with illnesses affected by humidity; as part of home heating, ventilating, and air conditioning (HVAC) systems; Honeywell ( HIH series )
- 18. Humidity Sensor from HoneywellPackagesare chemically resistant operate in ranges of -40 °C to 85 °C ( -40 °F to 185 °F) Response time -15 sec in slowly moving air at 25 °C Low power design – 200 microA @ 5 Vdc Operating voltage 4 – 5.8 v On-chip signal processing ensures linear voltage output versus %RH.
- 19. FIRE DETECTOR SENSOR Aflame detector is a sensor intended to sight and respond to the presence of a flame, such as by turning on a fire suppression system or by turning off a fuel line, sooner than a smoke detector or a heat detector would. Fire sensor
- 20. FIRE ALARM SYSTEM Afire alarm system is a set of electric/electronic devices/equipment working together to detect and alert people through visual and audio appliances when smoke/fire is present. These alarms may be activated from smoke detectors, heat detectors, water flow sensors, which are automatic or from a manual fire alarm pull station.
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- 29. Application Hospitals Restaurants Cinema Theaters Schools andeducational institutions Hotels Offices Railways and metro services Malls and shopping complexes Housing societies
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