Tablets
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Tablets are solid dosage forms containing medicinal ingredients with or without excipients. There are various types of tablets including sublingual, lozenges, effervescent, and hypodermic. Tablets are manufactured through methods such as wet granulation, dry granulation, and direct compression. Tablets offer advantages like accurate dosing, low cost, and masking of bitter tastes, but also have disadvantages like difficulty swallowing and issues with bioavailability. Quality control tests for tablets check attributes like weight, content uniformity, thickness, hardness, and disintegration time.
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Tablet dosage form
This document provides an overview of tablets, including their advantages and disadvantages, types, excipients used, manufacturing process, coating methods, and evaluation. Tablets are the most popular oral solid dosage form, comprising 70% of total medicines. They are easy to administer and stable, but some drugs are not suitable due to solubility or stability issues. Tablet types include immediate and sustained release, as well as those for oral, buccal, vaginal, and other routes of administration. Excipients like diluents, binders, and lubricants are necessary for tablet production. Granulation and compression are the main manufacturing steps. Tablet coating helps mask taste and protects the drug.
Ointment
Ointments are semi-solid preparations intended for external application to the skin. They contain mostly oils and some water. Ointments are classified based on where they act - on the skin surface, penetrating the skin, or passing through the skin. The base used can be hydrocarbon, absorption, water-miscible, or water-soluble. The appropriate base depends on factors like the patient's skin condition and the drug's stability. Ointments are prepared by incorporation, fusion, or emulsification methods. They are evaluated based on penetration, drug release rate, absorption into blood, and irritancy. Ointments contain more oil and less water than creams, giving them a thicker consistency and longer moisture retention time.
Classification of powders
This document discusses different types of powders used in pharmacy. It describes bulk powders meant for external use which are supplied in containers designed for application. Common bulk powders include dusting powders, insufflations, snuffs, and dentifrices. Dusting powders are used on the skin and in body cavities, and contain ingredients like talc, starch, zinc oxide, and salicylic acid. Insufflations and snuffs are inhaled into body cavities and nostrils. Dentifrices contain abrasives like calcium carbonate and flavors to clean teeth. Simple and compound powders for internal use contain one or multiple ingredients wrapped in individual doses. Cachets enclose powders in shells
Semisolid dosage form (paste, jellies, and poulties)
This document provides information about pastes as a semisolid dosage form for external application to the skin. It defines pastes and discusses their composition, preparation methods, storage, and differences from ointments. Pastes typically contain a large amount of solids and are thick and stiff formulations that form a protective coating when applied. They are prepared using methods like trituration and fusion that are also used to make ointments. The document also provides brief descriptions of jellies and poultices as other external semisolid dosage forms.
Capsules
This document discusses different types of capsules used in pharmaceutical formulations. It describes hard gelatin capsules, the process used to manufacture their shells and fill them. It also covers soft gelatin capsules, their production process, and quality control testing. Finally, it briefly mentions pellets and the requirements for their formulation and manufacturing.
Ointments
Ointments are semi-solid medicated preparations that are applied topically to the skin. They have several purposes including as protectants, antiseptics, and emollients. There are different types of ointment bases including oleaginous, absorption, water-miscible, and emulsion bases. Selection of the appropriate base depends on factors like the desired drug release rate and whether the active ingredient needs to be dissolved, emulsified, or suspended in the base. Ointments are usually prepared by melting the base and adding the medicated ingredients.
Toothpastes
Toothpastes are substances used with toothbrushes to clean teeth. They can provide cleaning, polishing, stain removal, prevention of tooth decay, and reduction of bad breath. Toothpastes contain abrasives, detergents, water, humectants, thickeners, flavors, sweeteners, preservatives, corrosion inhibitors, colors, bleaches, anti-cavity agents, and anti-tartar agents. The main ingredients are abrasives like silica or calcium carbonate for cleaning, and detergents like sodium lauryl sulfate that help with cleaning. Toothpastes are evaluated based on their composition, homogenity, tube compatibility, abrasiveness, spreadability, fin
Solid dosage forms
Powders are solid dosage forms consisting of finely divided drugs and chemicals meant for both internal and external use. They are classified as bulk powders, divided powders, granules, and those contained in capsules. Bulk powders are less accurate but more stable than other forms. Divided powders allow accurate dosing. Granules can mask unpleasant tastes and are easier to swallow than powders. Other solid dosage forms discussed include tablets, capsules, lozenges, pills, and pastilles, each having advantages and disadvantages for drug delivery and patient acceptance.
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Tablet dosage form
This document provides an overview of tablets, including their advantages and disadvantages, types, excipients used, manufacturing process, coating methods, and evaluation. Tablets are the most popular oral solid dosage form, comprising 70% of total medicines. They are easy to administer and stable, but some drugs are not suitable due to solubility or stability issues. Tablet types include immediate and sustained release, as well as those for oral, buccal, vaginal, and other routes of administration. Excipients like diluents, binders, and lubricants are necessary for tablet production. Granulation and compression are the main manufacturing steps. Tablet coating helps mask taste and protects the drug.
Ointment
Ointments are semi-solid preparations intended for external application to the skin. They contain mostly oils and some water. Ointments are classified based on where they act - on the skin surface, penetrating the skin, or passing through the skin. The base used can be hydrocarbon, absorption, water-miscible, or water-soluble. The appropriate base depends on factors like the patient's skin condition and the drug's stability. Ointments are prepared by incorporation, fusion, or emulsification methods. They are evaluated based on penetration, drug release rate, absorption into blood, and irritancy. Ointments contain more oil and less water than creams, giving them a thicker consistency and longer moisture retention time.
Classification of powders
This document discusses different types of powders used in pharmacy. It describes bulk powders meant for external use which are supplied in containers designed for application. Common bulk powders include dusting powders, insufflations, snuffs, and dentifrices. Dusting powders are used on the skin and in body cavities, and contain ingredients like talc, starch, zinc oxide, and salicylic acid. Insufflations and snuffs are inhaled into body cavities and nostrils. Dentifrices contain abrasives like calcium carbonate and flavors to clean teeth. Simple and compound powders for internal use contain one or multiple ingredients wrapped in individual doses. Cachets enclose powders in shells
Semisolid dosage form (paste, jellies, and poulties)
This document provides information about pastes as a semisolid dosage form for external application to the skin. It defines pastes and discusses their composition, preparation methods, storage, and differences from ointments. Pastes typically contain a large amount of solids and are thick and stiff formulations that form a protective coating when applied. They are prepared using methods like trituration and fusion that are also used to make ointments. The document also provides brief descriptions of jellies and poultices as other external semisolid dosage forms.
Capsules
This document discusses different types of capsules used in pharmaceutical formulations. It describes hard gelatin capsules, the process used to manufacture their shells and fill them. It also covers soft gelatin capsules, their production process, and quality control testing. Finally, it briefly mentions pellets and the requirements for their formulation and manufacturing.
Ointments
Ointments are semi-solid medicated preparations that are applied topically to the skin. They have several purposes including as protectants, antiseptics, and emollients. There are different types of ointment bases including oleaginous, absorption, water-miscible, and emulsion bases. Selection of the appropriate base depends on factors like the desired drug release rate and whether the active ingredient needs to be dissolved, emulsified, or suspended in the base. Ointments are usually prepared by melting the base and adding the medicated ingredients.
Toothpastes
Toothpastes are substances used with toothbrushes to clean teeth. They can provide cleaning, polishing, stain removal, prevention of tooth decay, and reduction of bad breath. Toothpastes contain abrasives, detergents, water, humectants, thickeners, flavors, sweeteners, preservatives, corrosion inhibitors, colors, bleaches, anti-cavity agents, and anti-tartar agents. The main ingredients are abrasives like silica or calcium carbonate for cleaning, and detergents like sodium lauryl sulfate that help with cleaning. Toothpastes are evaluated based on their composition, homogenity, tube compatibility, abrasiveness, spreadability, fin
Solid dosage forms
Powders are solid dosage forms consisting of finely divided drugs and chemicals meant for both internal and external use. They are classified as bulk powders, divided powders, granules, and those contained in capsules. Bulk powders are less accurate but more stable than other forms. Divided powders allow accurate dosing. Granules can mask unpleasant tastes and are easier to swallow than powders. Other solid dosage forms discussed include tablets, capsules, lozenges, pills, and pastilles, each having advantages and disadvantages for drug delivery and patient acceptance.
Toothpaste preparation
Toothpaste is a paste or gel used to clean and maintain oral hygiene. It removes plaque and food from teeth, reduces bad breath, and delivers active ingredients to prevent cavities and gum disease. The document outlines the essential qualities of toothpaste including consistency, viscosity, pH, taste, and stability. It then lists the main ingredients - chalk powder as an abrasive to remove debris, soap as a foaming agent, and flavoring agents. A formula is provided using calcium carbonate, sodium lauryl sulphate, glycerin, acacia, saccharine, water, and flavoring. The procedure describes mixing the ingredients together with heat and agitation and then filling the paste into tubes.
Granules
Granules are agglomerates of powder particles that are larger in size, ranging from 0.2 to 4.0 mm. They are formed through a process called granulation where primary powder particles adhere together. Granules have better flow properties and compressibility compared to powders. They are often used as an intermediate step in tablet production since granules flow more evenly into tablet dies compared to powders. Granules can be prepared through wet or dry granulation methods.
Defects of tablet.pdf
This document lists various types of defects that can occur in tablet production including capping, lamination, chipping, cracking, sticking, picking, binding, mottling, double impression, weight variation, pitted surface, and film coating defects such as bridging, blistering, cratering, infilling, peeling, orange peel/roughness/pimpling, wrinkling, blushing, blooming, flaking and splitting. The document appears to be from Md. Jahidul islam in the Department of Pharmacy at JUST.
Semisolid dosage forms: Paste and Jellies
Difference between ointments and paste, preparation of paste, preservatives, jellies, and preparations, poultices
Pharmaceutical excipients
This document discusses various types of pharmaceutical excipients used in drug formulations. It defines excipients as pharmacologically inactive substances formulated alongside active pharmaceutical ingredients. Excipients provide bulk, facilitate drug absorption and stability, aid manufacturing, and improve handling. Common excipients include fillers, binders, disintegrants, coatings, preservatives, antioxidants, and solvents. Each excipient type has distinct functions and ideal properties. Proper excipient selection is important to ensure drug efficacy, stability, safety, and to avoid complications.
Capsule's
Capsules are solid dosage forms that contain a drug enclosed within a hard or soft soluble shell, usually made of gelatin. There are two main types: hard gelatin capsules, which consist of two pieces that are joined, and soft gelatin capsules, which have a soft, one-piece shell. Capsules offer benefits like being tasteless, odorless, and easy to administer, and allow for flexible dosing. However, some drugs are not suitable for capsules due to stability issues. Capsules are manufactured through various processes depending on the type, including dipping, spinning, drying, filling, and sealing. They must pass quality tests like weight variation and content uniformity testing.
Tablet - A complete information
this presentation slide has been prepared to add valuable information about tablet (solid dosage form). I hope that it will surely help the pharma aspirants for their examination.
Diluent ppt
Diluents are fillers used to increase the bulk and size of tablet products. They reduce the consistency of coatings to allow for easy flow. Common diluents include water, paint thinner, kerosene, and benzene. There are two types of diluents based on chemical nature and solubility. Diluents enhance bulkiness, cohesion, and flow while allowing for direct compression manufacturing. Commonly used tablet diluents include lactose, starch, cellulose, and sugars. Selection depends on compatibility, flowability, and stability. Diluents can affect API degradation, hardness, and capping. Dilution is calculated using the formula C1V1=C2V2, where
Ointment ppt
This document defines ointments as semi-solid preparations for application to the skin. It discusses the types of ointments including medicated and non-medicated. It describes the ideal properties of ointments and different bases used to make them, including oleaginous, absorption, water-removable, and water-soluble bases. Methods for preparing ointments by incorporation and fusion are also outlined.
Ointments &pastes
This document discusses various types of topical dosage forms including ointments, pastes, lotions, liniments, collodions, and gels. It describes the components, properties, and manufacturing processes for each type. The key points are that ointments and pastes are semisolid formulations applied topically, with ointments being less viscous than pastes. They are used for a variety of therapeutic effects and can be manufactured using various base materials like hydrocarbons, absorption bases, or water-miscible/removable bases. Lotions can be solutions or suspensions for topical application. Liniments are alcohol- or oil-based for rubefacient or massage effects. Collodions
Cold Cream & Vanishing Cream Assignement (Industrial Pharmacy)
Cold creams are oil-in-water or water-in-oil emulsions used to provide smoothness to the skin and remove makeup. They should have low sensitization, be elegant, non-dehydrating, non-greasy, non-staining, and miscible with skin secretions. A typical cold cream contains beeswax, mineral oil, water, and borax. It is prepared by melting the beeswax and mixing it with the oils, then slowly adding the aqueous solution containing water and borax with stirring.
Vanishing creams, also known as day creams, provide emollient and protective effects. They are used to hold powder and improve adhesion. A vanishing cream
TABLETS
A detailed study on Tablets which describes about tablets, coating of tablets and then a study on the quality control of tablets. The chapter deals with the minute aspects of tablets and gives us an enlightenment of the solid dosage form which is commonly used all around the world
Tablets (Types of tablets)
Defnition of tablets, compressed tablets, sugar coated tablets, film coated tablets,Enteric coated tablets,effervescent tablets, chewable tablets, chewable tablets, dispersible talets, sustained release tablets, implant ,sublingual, vaginal tablets, hypodermic tablets etc..
Capsules classification and manufacture
DEFINITION
Capsules are solid preparations with hard and soft shells of various shapes and capacities, usually containing a single dose of active ingredients.
Types of tablets
The document describes different types of tablets classified by method of administration and mechanism of action. Tablets can be ingested orally and include standard, enteric coated, chewable and effervescent varieties. Others are used in the oral cavity as buccal, sublingual or lozenges. Implantation and vaginal tablets are administered by other routes. Tablet types aim to protect drugs, modify release timing, or produce solutions for various therapeutic effects.
powders and granules presentation
This document provides information about powders and granules. It defines powders as solid materials in a finely divided state that can be used orally or externally. Powders are classified based on use as bulk powders for internal or external use, or divided doses. Granules are agglomerated powders made into larger, free-flowing particles. The document describes the mixing, preparation, advantages, disadvantages, storage, packaging, and uses of powders and granules. Common pharmaceutical applications include antacids, analgesics, and skin protectants.
UNIT V - COSMETIC PREPARATIONS.pptx
This document summarizes formulations for various cosmetic preparations including lipsticks, shampoos, cold cream, vanishing cream, toothpastes, hair dyes, and sunscreens. It provides information on the definition, key ingredients, preparation methods, and evaluation of these products. The main formulations covered are lipsticks, shampoos, cold cream, and toothpastes. It also briefly discusses packaging materials science and factors that influence the choice of packaging for pharmaceutical products.
Tablets
A detailed study on tablets, its classification, excipients, tablet granulation, methods of granulation, compression machines, equipment tooling and the problems that occur during the tablet manufacturing process. This presentation is based on the PCI syllabus for bpharm students of fifth semester.
Ointment, creams and lotions
Ointments, creams, and lotions are topical semi-solid preparations used to apply active ingredients to the skin. Ointments have a high oil and low water content which allows them to occlude the skin and promote absorption of active ingredients. Creams have a higher water content and are more easily absorbed and spreadable. Lotions have the lowest oil and highest water content, making them lightweight and non-greasy. Ointments are best for dry skin conditions while creams and lotions are better for larger areas or weeping lesions due to being less occlusive and greasy.
Pharmacognosy
Plant exudates are fluids emitted through pores or wounds that consist primarily of secondary metabolites with no physiological role for the plant. They include natural resins from plants as well as synthetic resins, and come in different forms such as gums, latex, juices, and extracts. Gums are abnormal products from trees and shrubs, latex is a milky emulsion drawn from plant bark, juices come from fruits and leaves, and extracts involve chemically or mechanically obtaining active constituents from plants for uses including food, medicine, and manufacturing materials like rubber.
Poverty in pak
This presentation helps you to know the recent research regarding poverty in Pakistan with respect to the provinces.
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Toothpaste preparation
Toothpaste is a paste or gel used to clean and maintain oral hygiene. It removes plaque and food from teeth, reduces bad breath, and delivers active ingredients to prevent cavities and gum disease. The document outlines the essential qualities of toothpaste including consistency, viscosity, pH, taste, and stability. It then lists the main ingredients - chalk powder as an abrasive to remove debris, soap as a foaming agent, and flavoring agents. A formula is provided using calcium carbonate, sodium lauryl sulphate, glycerin, acacia, saccharine, water, and flavoring. The procedure describes mixing the ingredients together with heat and agitation and then filling the paste into tubes.
Granules
Granules are agglomerates of powder particles that are larger in size, ranging from 0.2 to 4.0 mm. They are formed through a process called granulation where primary powder particles adhere together. Granules have better flow properties and compressibility compared to powders. They are often used as an intermediate step in tablet production since granules flow more evenly into tablet dies compared to powders. Granules can be prepared through wet or dry granulation methods.
Defects of tablet.pdf
This document lists various types of defects that can occur in tablet production including capping, lamination, chipping, cracking, sticking, picking, binding, mottling, double impression, weight variation, pitted surface, and film coating defects such as bridging, blistering, cratering, infilling, peeling, orange peel/roughness/pimpling, wrinkling, blushing, blooming, flaking and splitting. The document appears to be from Md. Jahidul islam in the Department of Pharmacy at JUST.
Semisolid dosage forms: Paste and Jellies
Difference between ointments and paste, preparation of paste, preservatives, jellies, and preparations, poultices
Pharmaceutical excipients
This document discusses various types of pharmaceutical excipients used in drug formulations. It defines excipients as pharmacologically inactive substances formulated alongside active pharmaceutical ingredients. Excipients provide bulk, facilitate drug absorption and stability, aid manufacturing, and improve handling. Common excipients include fillers, binders, disintegrants, coatings, preservatives, antioxidants, and solvents. Each excipient type has distinct functions and ideal properties. Proper excipient selection is important to ensure drug efficacy, stability, safety, and to avoid complications.
Capsule's
Capsules are solid dosage forms that contain a drug enclosed within a hard or soft soluble shell, usually made of gelatin. There are two main types: hard gelatin capsules, which consist of two pieces that are joined, and soft gelatin capsules, which have a soft, one-piece shell. Capsules offer benefits like being tasteless, odorless, and easy to administer, and allow for flexible dosing. However, some drugs are not suitable for capsules due to stability issues. Capsules are manufactured through various processes depending on the type, including dipping, spinning, drying, filling, and sealing. They must pass quality tests like weight variation and content uniformity testing.
Tablet - A complete information
this presentation slide has been prepared to add valuable information about tablet (solid dosage form). I hope that it will surely help the pharma aspirants for their examination.
Diluent ppt
Diluents are fillers used to increase the bulk and size of tablet products. They reduce the consistency of coatings to allow for easy flow. Common diluents include water, paint thinner, kerosene, and benzene. There are two types of diluents based on chemical nature and solubility. Diluents enhance bulkiness, cohesion, and flow while allowing for direct compression manufacturing. Commonly used tablet diluents include lactose, starch, cellulose, and sugars. Selection depends on compatibility, flowability, and stability. Diluents can affect API degradation, hardness, and capping. Dilution is calculated using the formula C1V1=C2V2, where
Ointment ppt
This document defines ointments as semi-solid preparations for application to the skin. It discusses the types of ointments including medicated and non-medicated. It describes the ideal properties of ointments and different bases used to make them, including oleaginous, absorption, water-removable, and water-soluble bases. Methods for preparing ointments by incorporation and fusion are also outlined.
Ointments &pastes
This document discusses various types of topical dosage forms including ointments, pastes, lotions, liniments, collodions, and gels. It describes the components, properties, and manufacturing processes for each type. The key points are that ointments and pastes are semisolid formulations applied topically, with ointments being less viscous than pastes. They are used for a variety of therapeutic effects and can be manufactured using various base materials like hydrocarbons, absorption bases, or water-miscible/removable bases. Lotions can be solutions or suspensions for topical application. Liniments are alcohol- or oil-based for rubefacient or massage effects. Collodions
Cold Cream & Vanishing Cream Assignement (Industrial Pharmacy)
Cold creams are oil-in-water or water-in-oil emulsions used to provide smoothness to the skin and remove makeup. They should have low sensitization, be elegant, non-dehydrating, non-greasy, non-staining, and miscible with skin secretions. A typical cold cream contains beeswax, mineral oil, water, and borax. It is prepared by melting the beeswax and mixing it with the oils, then slowly adding the aqueous solution containing water and borax with stirring.
Vanishing creams, also known as day creams, provide emollient and protective effects. They are used to hold powder and improve adhesion. A vanishing cream
TABLETS
A detailed study on Tablets which describes about tablets, coating of tablets and then a study on the quality control of tablets. The chapter deals with the minute aspects of tablets and gives us an enlightenment of the solid dosage form which is commonly used all around the world
Tablets (Types of tablets)
Defnition of tablets, compressed tablets, sugar coated tablets, film coated tablets,Enteric coated tablets,effervescent tablets, chewable tablets, chewable tablets, dispersible talets, sustained release tablets, implant ,sublingual, vaginal tablets, hypodermic tablets etc..
Capsules classification and manufacture
DEFINITION
Capsules are solid preparations with hard and soft shells of various shapes and capacities, usually containing a single dose of active ingredients.
Types of tablets
The document describes different types of tablets classified by method of administration and mechanism of action. Tablets can be ingested orally and include standard, enteric coated, chewable and effervescent varieties. Others are used in the oral cavity as buccal, sublingual or lozenges. Implantation and vaginal tablets are administered by other routes. Tablet types aim to protect drugs, modify release timing, or produce solutions for various therapeutic effects.
powders and granules presentation
This document provides information about powders and granules. It defines powders as solid materials in a finely divided state that can be used orally or externally. Powders are classified based on use as bulk powders for internal or external use, or divided doses. Granules are agglomerated powders made into larger, free-flowing particles. The document describes the mixing, preparation, advantages, disadvantages, storage, packaging, and uses of powders and granules. Common pharmaceutical applications include antacids, analgesics, and skin protectants.
UNIT V - COSMETIC PREPARATIONS.pptx
This document summarizes formulations for various cosmetic preparations including lipsticks, shampoos, cold cream, vanishing cream, toothpastes, hair dyes, and sunscreens. It provides information on the definition, key ingredients, preparation methods, and evaluation of these products. The main formulations covered are lipsticks, shampoos, cold cream, and toothpastes. It also briefly discusses packaging materials science and factors that influence the choice of packaging for pharmaceutical products.
Tablets
A detailed study on tablets, its classification, excipients, tablet granulation, methods of granulation, compression machines, equipment tooling and the problems that occur during the tablet manufacturing process. This presentation is based on the PCI syllabus for bpharm students of fifth semester.
Ointment, creams and lotions
Ointments, creams, and lotions are topical semi-solid preparations used to apply active ingredients to the skin. Ointments have a high oil and low water content which allows them to occlude the skin and promote absorption of active ingredients. Creams have a higher water content and are more easily absorbed and spreadable. Lotions have the lowest oil and highest water content, making them lightweight and non-greasy. Ointments are best for dry skin conditions while creams and lotions are better for larger areas or weeping lesions due to being less occlusive and greasy.
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Cold Cream & Vanishing Cream Assignement (Industrial Pharmacy)
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Pharmacognosy
Plant exudates are fluids emitted through pores or wounds that consist primarily of secondary metabolites with no physiological role for the plant. They include natural resins from plants as well as synthetic resins, and come in different forms such as gums, latex, juices, and extracts. Gums are abnormal products from trees and shrubs, latex is a milky emulsion drawn from plant bark, juices come from fruits and leaves, and extracts involve chemically or mechanically obtaining active constituents from plants for uses including food, medicine, and manufacturing materials like rubber.
Poverty in pak
This presentation helps you to know the recent research regarding poverty in Pakistan with respect to the provinces.
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This document defines different types of allergens and treatments for allergies. It discusses that allergens are substances that cause allergic reactions. It then describes natural treatments for allergies like quercetin, stinging nettle, and saline rinses. Skin tests are used to identify allergens through prick, injection, or patch tests. The document categorizes allergens as inhalant, ingestant, contactant, injectant, infectant, and infestant based on their route of exposure and provides examples of common allergens that fall into each category.
Emulsions
Emulsion definition, types, characteristics, preparation, emulsifying agents, Identification tests, advantages, disadvantages and pharmaceutical application.
Emulsion
An emulsion is an unstable mixture of two immiscible liquids stabilized by an emulsifying agent. Emulsions have various pharmaceutical applications including oral and topical drug delivery. The type of emulsion (e.g. oil-in-water, water-in-oil) depends on the relative solubility of the emulsifying agent. Emulsions can be prepared using different methods such as the dry gum, wet gum, or bottle methods. Drugs can be incorporated into emulsions during or after emulsion formation.
Emulsions
This document provides an overview of pharmaceutical emulsions. It defines emulsions as dispersions of one liquid in another immiscible liquid, stabilized by an emulsifying agent. The key topics covered include the classification of emulsions as oil-in-water or water-in-oil, theories of emulsification, common emulsifying agents like surfactants and hydrocolloids, and factors affecting the stability of emulsions such as flocculation and creaming. Pharmaceutical applications of emulsions include lotions, creams, and ointments.
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Tablets
This document discusses different types of tablets and the tablet manufacturing process. It begins by defining what a tablet is and listing some key advantages such as precise dosing, low cost, and stability. It then describes different types of tablets including compressed, coated, chewable, and those for different routes of administration. The document outlines common excipients used in tablets and their functions. It explains the importance of granulation and describes different granulation methods including dry, wet, and direct compression. The wet granulation process is outlined in detail including mixing, granulation, and drying steps.
Tablets
This document provides information about tablets, including their definition, advantages, disadvantages and types. It discusses the main components of tablets, including active ingredients and excipients. It describes different types of tablets based on their route of administration and production process. The purposes and examples of various excipients like diluents, binders, disintegrants, lubricants and coloring agents are outlined. Granulation is introduced as a process to prevent segregation and improve flow of powder mixtures that are then compressed into tablets.
Tablet presentation by Ankita Yagnik
This document discusses tablets as a dosage form for delivering medications. It defines tablets and outlines their advantages such as precise dosing, low cost, and stability. Various types of tablets are described based on where they are administered and how they release the drug. The key ingredients used in tablets called excipients are explained. Granulation techniques for tablet manufacturing like wet and dry granulation are summarized. The document also covers tablet processing problems that can occur and ways to control the manufacturing process.
TABLETS.sssssssssssssssßssssssddddddddddddd
This document discusses tablets as a type of solid oral dosage form. It defines tablets and describes their advantages such as low cost, ease of administration and stability. It discusses the various ingredients that make up tablets, including diluents, binders, disintegrants and lubricants. It also describes different types of tablets and how they are manufactured through processes like granulation and compression using tablet presses. The document outlines how to evaluate tablets in terms of appearance, hardness, friability, drug content and dissolution. Finally, it discusses tablet coating and the various coating processes and equipment used.
TABLETS.pdf
This document discusses tablets as a type of solid oral dosage form. It defines tablets and describes their advantages such as low cost, ease of administration and stability. It discusses the various ingredients that make up tablets, including diluents, binders, disintegrants and lubricants. It also describes different types of tablets and how they are manufactured through processes like granulation and compression using tablet presses. The document outlines how to evaluate tablets in terms of properties like hardness, friability, drug content and dissolution. Finally, it discusses tablet coating and the various coating processes and equipment used.
Tablet
This document provides information about tablet formulations and manufacturing. It discusses the main components of tablets including active ingredients and excipients like diluents, binders, disintegrants and lubricants. It describes different types of tablets and coating methods. Tablet evaluation methods are outlined including tests for hardness, friability, drug content and dissolution. The advantages and disadvantages of tablet formulations are also summarized.
Tablet ppt
This document discusses tablets as a solid oral dosage form. It defines tablets and describes their advantages such as precise dosing, low cost, and stability. The document outlines common tablet ingredients like diluents, binders, disintegrants, and lubricants. It also discusses different types of tablets based on route of administration and describes various tableting methods including wet and dry granulation and compression. The document provides a detailed overview of the key components and processes involved in manufacturing tablets.
Tablet Formulation Technology
Tablets are solid dosage forms usually obtained by single or multiple compression of powders or granules. In certain cases tablets may be obtained by molding or extrusion techniques. They are uncoated or coated. Tablets are normally right circular solid cylinders, the end surfaces of which are flat or convex and the edges of which may be bevelled. They may have lines or break-marks (scoring), symbols or other markings.Tablets contain one or more active ingredients. They may contain excipients such as diluents, binders, disintegrating agents, glidants, lubricants, substances capable of modifying the behaviour of the dosage forms and the active ingredient(s) in the gastrointestinal tract, colouring matter authorized by the appropriate national or regional authority and flavouring substances. When such excipients are used it is necessary to ensure that they do not adversely affect the stability, dissolution rate, bioavailability, safety or efficacy of the active ingredient(s); there must be no incompatibility between any of the components of the dosage form.
Tablets are single-dose preparations intended for oral administration. Some are intended to be swallowed whole, some after being chewed and some after being crushed, some are intended to be dissolved or dispersed in water before being taken and some are intended to be retained in the mouth where the active ingredient(s) is/are liberated.
Tablets
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This document provides information about pharmaceutical tablets, including their manufacturing process, types, components, quality standards, and testing methods. Tablets are solid oral dosage forms made using compression. The manufacturing process involves mixing and granulating powders, then compressing them into tablets using punches and dies. Tablets can have various coatings, release mechanisms, and purposes. Quality is ensured through testing weight variation, disintegration, dissolution, and other physical properties. Proper manufacturing and testing helps ensure tablets safely and effectively deliver medication.
Tablets
DEFINITION OF TABLETS
ADVANTAGES
DISADVANTAGES
TABLET INGREDIENTS
GRANULATION TECHNIQUES
PROBLEMS DURING PRODUCTION
EVALUATION OF TABLETS
Tablet a solid dosage form.
Detail description on tablet as per PCI syllabus with its defects of tablet and quality control test.
Tablet formulation ppt
This presentation discusses tablet formulation and manufacturing. Tablets are defined as compressed solid dosage forms containing active ingredients with or without excipients. Tablets offer advantages for large scale production, packaging/shipping, stability, and dosage precision. Ingredients include active drugs and excipients like diluents, binders, disintegrants, lubricants. Tableting methods include direct compression, wet and dry granulation. Tablet presses include single-punch and multi-station rotary presses. Process steps are filling, compression, and ejection. Common problems are capping and lamination from air entrapment.
Tablet
Tablets are solid dosage forms made by compressing or molding mixtures of active and inactive ingredients. They are the most popular dosage form due to their accurate dosing, low cost, stability and ease of production. Tablets can be formulated for immediate or controlled release and come in various shapes, sizes and coatings. The manufacturing process involves mixing and granulating powders, then compressing them into tablets using either wet or dry granulation methods. Wet granulation is more common and involves using a liquid binder to form granules which are then dried, sized, lubricated and compressed. Tablets must balance physical attributes like strength with chemical properties like drug release.
Processing of tablet
This document discusses tablets as a type of solid oral dosage form used for drug delivery. It defines tablets as compressed powders or granules containing medicinal ingredients. The document outlines the advantages of tablets such as ease of administration and accurate dosing. It also discusses different types of tablets including compressed, enteric coated, and chewable tablets. The document provides details on the manufacturing process for compressed tablets including preparation of granules, compression, and coating. It also lists common excipients used in tablet formulations such as diluents, binding agents, and disintegrating agents.
Chapter on tablets
This document provides an overview of tablets, including their definition, advantages, disadvantages, types, additives, granulation processes, equipment used, tableting procedure, and evaluation. Tablets are defined as a compressed solid dosage form containing medicaments with or without excipients. Their advantages include dose precision, low cost, stability, and masking of taste, while disadvantages can include difficulty swallowing and formulation challenges for some drugs. The document discusses various tablet types, additives used, granulation technologies and equipment, the tableting process, and methods for evaluating tablets.
PHARMACEUTICAL TABLETS.pptx
The document discusses pharmaceutical tablets, including their definition, advantages, disadvantages, ideal properties, types, ingredients, manufacturing process, and evaluation. Some key points:
- Tablets are solid oral dosage forms containing medicinal ingredients that are produced via compaction. They are the most popular dosage form, comprising 70% of medicines.
- Advantages include low cost, stability, ease of administration and identification. Disadvantages include difficulty swallowing for some patients and formulating certain drugs.
- Ingredients include active drugs and excipients like diluents, binders, disintegrants, lubricants, and colors.
- Tablets are produced via granulation and compression using tablet presses and
5.tablets.pptx
The document discusses tablets, including their definition, types, formulation, methods of preparation, defects, and quality control tests. Tablets are solid dosage forms that contain medicinal substances and may be compressed or molded. They are classified based on how they are administered or where they act, such as oral, chewable, sublingual, etc. Tablet formulation involves active ingredients and excipients like diluents, binders, lubricants, and disintegrants. Tablets are prepared by wet granulation, dry granulation, or direct compression methods. Quality control tests evaluate properties like weight variation, hardness, friability, disintegration time, and drug content uniformity.
Pharmaceutical powders classification etc
The document discusses pharmaceutical powders, including their advantages and disadvantages as a dosage form. It defines powders as intimate mixtures of dry, finely divided drugs and chemicals that can be used internally or externally. The document outlines different types of powders like bulk powders, simple powders, compound powders, and effervescent granules. It also describes methods of preparing powders, including particle size reduction, homogeneous mixing, packaging, and addressing special issues like volatile, hygroscopic, or efflorescent ingredients. Quality control testing of powders is also summarized.
Tablet [introduction,classification,excipient,formulation,tablets coating]
This document provides an overview of tablets as a drug delivery system. It discusses the definition, advantages, and disadvantages of tablets. It describes different types of tablets including compressed, enteric coated, and chewable tablets. The document outlines the main excipients used in tablet formulations and the manufacturing process, which typically involves granulation and compression. It also discusses tablet coating methods and common defects in tablets. The document serves as a comprehensive guide to the fundamentals of tablet design and production.
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Tablet [introduction,classification,excipient,formulation,tablets coating]
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Tablets
- 2. WHAT ARE THE TABLETS ?
- 3. Tablet is defined as a compressed solid dosage form containing medicaments with or without excipients.
- 5. 1)COMPRESSED TABLETS 2) MULTIPLE COMPRESSED TABLETS 3) MULTIPLE COMPRESSED TABLETS 4) REPEAT ACTION TABLET 7)CHOCOLATE COATED 8)FILM COATED 5)DELAYED ACTION AND ENTERIC COATED TABLET 6) SUGAR COATED TABLET 9)AIR SUSPENSION COATED 10) CHEWABLE
- 8. (A)Weighing and blending the ingrediants. (b)Preparing a damp mass. (c)Screening the damp mass into pellets or granules. (d)Drying the granulation. (e)Sizing the granulation by dry screening. (f)Adding lubricant and blending . (g) forming tablets by compression.
- 10. By the dry granulation method the powder mixture is compacted in large pieces and subsequently broken down or sized into granules.
- 12. (a) Top punch is withdrawn from the die by the upper cam bottom punch is low in the die so powder falls in through the hole and fills the die. (b) Bottom punch moves upto adjust the powder weight it raises and expels some powder. (c) Top punch is driven into the die by upper cam bottom punch is raised by lower cam both punch heads pass between heavy rollers to compress powder. (d) Top punch is withdrawn by the upper cam lower punch is pushed up and expels the tablet is removed from the die surface by surface plate.
- 16. simple and convenient to use. provide an accurately measured dosage of the active ingredient. Their cost is lowest of all oral dosage form. easy to mask the part of bitter active ingredient thus make convenient for patients. formulated to contain more than one therapeutic ingredient showing combination thus reducing multiple tablets use.
- 18. 1. Drugs w/c are amorphous & Low density character are difficult to compress into tablets 2. Cost of production may be increase b/c of coating & encapsulation to remove bitter & unpleasent taste 3. Some tablets may cause problem in bioavailability 4. May be problematic for children and elder due to difficulties in swallowing 5. Not suitable in emergency and unconscious patients 6. Not appropriate if the patient suffers chronic vomiting
- 19. Packaging of tablets:- It’s the science and art of protecting products Need of packaging physical protection barrier protection agglomeration security convenience dose control
- 20. Quality control of tablets General appearance Organoleptic properties
- 21. Quality control tests for tablets
- 22. Tablet weight Content uniformity Tablet thickness Tablet hardness and fribility Tabelet disintegration