This document discusses a new generation of calcium carbonate extenders for paint formulations. It begins with an overview of how extenders have evolved from mere fillers to functional raw materials that contribute properties like rheology, adhesion and hiding power. It then describes several new calcium carbonate extenders produced by 20 Microns Ltd. that are said to improve properties like opacity, gloss and cost. Experimental results are presented showing that partially replacing titanium dioxide with two of these new extenders in an exterior emulsion paint reduced costs without negatively affecting optical or weathering properties.
The book Adhesive Technology and Formulations Hand Book covers almost all the basic and advanced details to setup own Gums and Adhesive Unit. The new edition of the book is covering latest methods including Introduction, Historical Development of Adhesives and Adhesive Bonding, Types of Adhesives, Emulsion and Dispersion Adhesives, Testing of Adhesives,
Protein Adhesives for Wood, Hot Melt Adhesives, Animal Glues and Adhesives,
Polyvinyl Acetate/Alcohol Based Adhesives, Ethylene-Vinyl Acetate
Copolymers, Polyvinyl Acetal Adhesives, Silicone Adhesives, Epoxide
Adhesives, Polyester Adhesives, Furane Adhesives, Phenolic Resin Adhesives,
Cellulose Derivative Adhesives, Epoxy Polyurethane Adhesives,
Polyisocyanate/Polyurethane Adhesive, Amino (Urea & Melamine)
Formaldehyde Adhesives, Paper, Board & Packaging Adhesives, Remoistenable Adhesives, Gum Arabic etc. Adhesives, Footwear Applications
of Adhesives, High-Temperature Adhesives, Dispensing of Adhesives, Natural
Rubber–Based Adhesives, Polysulfied Sealants and Adhesives, Phenolic Resin
Adhesives, Urea–Formaldehyde Adhesives, Melamine–Formaldehyde Adhesives, Polyurethane Adhesives, Unsaturated Polyester Adhesives, Reactive Acrylic Adhesives, Technology of Cyanoacrylate Adhesives for
Industrial Assembly, Silicone Adhesives and Sealants, Epoxy Resin Adhesives,
Pressure-Sensitive Adhesives, Adhesives in the Automotive Industry, Adhesive
Based on Vinyl Acetate, Printing Gums (Guar Gum Based), Leather Based
Adhesive, Latex Rubber Based Adhesive, Office Paste, Starch and Dextrin
Based Adhesive, Adhesive for Corrugation Dry Powder and Paste, Adhesive
(Different Type), Adhesive Industries (Laminated, Fevicol, Sticker DDL and
Other Types of Adhesive), Rubber Adhesive, Adhesive (Polyvinyl Butyral
Based), Self Adhesive Labels, Ester Gums (Food Grade), Vulcanizing Rubber
Solution/Cement for Automobile Tyres, Industrial Adhesive Based on Starch
Gum, Dextrin Silicate, Suppliers of Plant & Machineries and Suppliers of Raw
Materials.
The book has been written for the benefit and to prove an asset and a
handy reference guide in the hands of new entrepreneurs and well established
industrialists.
Director
Ultra Violet (UV)/ Electron Beam (EB) Curing of Coatings: Operation – Applica...Leonardo ENERGY
This webinar will cover the latest trends, new applications and key players in the Ultraviolet (UV) and Electron Beam (EB) industry. The findings from the recently held RadTech2014 conference in U.S., market trends and outlook for this industry and its impact on customers will also be covered under this topic.
Improve water resistance with rheology additivesspecialchem-ada
Thanks to this presentation, you will learn how dispersants can help formulators to improve water resistance and other coatings' properties. By using an efficient and hydrophobic dispersing agent, formulators can improve the surface of the film and increase water repellency.
In this presentation, you will find some case studies (interior wall paints, exterior wall paints, ...).
PAINT AND COATING TESTING MANUAL, 15th Edition - ASTM
Edited by Joseph Koleske.
Publisher: ASTM International
Year Edition: 2012
Pages: 1000 pages
FormatType: Hardcover Book
Country: Estados Unidos
How to Manufacture Synthetic Resins (Actel Resins, Amino Resins, Casein Resin...Ajjay Kumar Gupta
Synthetic resin is typically manufactured using a chemical polymerization process. This process then results in the creation of polymers that are more stable and homogeneous than naturally occurring resin. Since they are more stable and are cheaper, various forms of synthetic resin are used in a variety of products such as plastics, paints, varnishes, and textiles. There are various kinds of synthetic resins; acetal resins, amino resins, casein resins, epoxy resins, emulsion polymers, hydrocarbon resins, polyamide resins, polyesters rubber resins etc. The classic variety is epoxy resin, manufactured through polymerization, used as a thermoset polymer for adhesives and composites.
Tags
Alkyl and hydroxy alkyl alkylcellulose, Applications of Synthetic Resins, Best small and cottage scale industries, Business Plan for a Startup Business, Business start-up, Emulsion polymers manufacture, Formulation of Synthetic Resins, Formulation of Resins, How to Manufacture Synthetic Resins, How to start a successful synthetic resin business, How to start a synthetic resin production Business, How to start a synthetic resin production?, How to Start Emulsions of Synthetic Resin Business, How to start synthetic resin production Industry in India, Indene-coumarone resins, Manufacturing process of Acrylonitrile Resins, Manufacturing process of Actel Resins, Manufacturing process of Alkyd Resin, Manufacturing process of Amino Resins, Manufacturing process of Casein Resins, Manufacturing process of Epoxy Resins, Manufacturing process of Ion-exchange Resins, Manufacturing process of Phenolic resins, Manufacturing process of Polyamide Resins, Manufacturing process of Polycarbonates Resins, Manufacturing process of Polyesters, Manufacturing process of Polyurethane resins, Manufacturing process of Polyvinyl Acetate Solid Resins, Manufacturing process of Silicone resins, Modern small and cottage scale industries, Most Profitable Synthetic resin Business Ideas, New small scale ideas in synthetic resin production industry, Process of making synthetic resin adhesive, Processing of synthetic resin, Production of a synthetic resin, Profitable Small Scale synthetic resin Manufacturing, Project for startups, Resin Types and Production, Rosin & rosin derivatives, Rubber resins Formulation, Setting up and opening your synthetic resin Business, Shellac resins, Small scale Commercial synthetic resin making, Small Scale Synthetic resin manufacturing Projects, Small scale synthetic resin production line, Small Start-up Business Project, Start Up India, Stand up India, Starting a synthetic resin production Business, Start-up Business Plan for synthetic resin production, Startup ideas, Startup Project, Startup Project for synthetic resin production, Startup project plan, Sucrose resins, Synthetic resin Based Profitable Projects, Synthetic resin Based Small Scale Industries Projects, Synthetic Resin Business,
The book Adhesive Technology and Formulations Hand Book covers almost all the basic and advanced details to setup own Gums and Adhesive Unit. The new edition of the book is covering latest methods including Introduction, Historical Development of Adhesives and Adhesive Bonding, Types of Adhesives, Emulsion and Dispersion Adhesives, Testing of Adhesives,
Protein Adhesives for Wood, Hot Melt Adhesives, Animal Glues and Adhesives,
Polyvinyl Acetate/Alcohol Based Adhesives, Ethylene-Vinyl Acetate
Copolymers, Polyvinyl Acetal Adhesives, Silicone Adhesives, Epoxide
Adhesives, Polyester Adhesives, Furane Adhesives, Phenolic Resin Adhesives,
Cellulose Derivative Adhesives, Epoxy Polyurethane Adhesives,
Polyisocyanate/Polyurethane Adhesive, Amino (Urea & Melamine)
Formaldehyde Adhesives, Paper, Board & Packaging Adhesives, Remoistenable Adhesives, Gum Arabic etc. Adhesives, Footwear Applications
of Adhesives, High-Temperature Adhesives, Dispensing of Adhesives, Natural
Rubber–Based Adhesives, Polysulfied Sealants and Adhesives, Phenolic Resin
Adhesives, Urea–Formaldehyde Adhesives, Melamine–Formaldehyde Adhesives, Polyurethane Adhesives, Unsaturated Polyester Adhesives, Reactive Acrylic Adhesives, Technology of Cyanoacrylate Adhesives for
Industrial Assembly, Silicone Adhesives and Sealants, Epoxy Resin Adhesives,
Pressure-Sensitive Adhesives, Adhesives in the Automotive Industry, Adhesive
Based on Vinyl Acetate, Printing Gums (Guar Gum Based), Leather Based
Adhesive, Latex Rubber Based Adhesive, Office Paste, Starch and Dextrin
Based Adhesive, Adhesive for Corrugation Dry Powder and Paste, Adhesive
(Different Type), Adhesive Industries (Laminated, Fevicol, Sticker DDL and
Other Types of Adhesive), Rubber Adhesive, Adhesive (Polyvinyl Butyral
Based), Self Adhesive Labels, Ester Gums (Food Grade), Vulcanizing Rubber
Solution/Cement for Automobile Tyres, Industrial Adhesive Based on Starch
Gum, Dextrin Silicate, Suppliers of Plant & Machineries and Suppliers of Raw
Materials.
The book has been written for the benefit and to prove an asset and a
handy reference guide in the hands of new entrepreneurs and well established
industrialists.
Director
Ultra Violet (UV)/ Electron Beam (EB) Curing of Coatings: Operation – Applica...Leonardo ENERGY
This webinar will cover the latest trends, new applications and key players in the Ultraviolet (UV) and Electron Beam (EB) industry. The findings from the recently held RadTech2014 conference in U.S., market trends and outlook for this industry and its impact on customers will also be covered under this topic.
Improve water resistance with rheology additivesspecialchem-ada
Thanks to this presentation, you will learn how dispersants can help formulators to improve water resistance and other coatings' properties. By using an efficient and hydrophobic dispersing agent, formulators can improve the surface of the film and increase water repellency.
In this presentation, you will find some case studies (interior wall paints, exterior wall paints, ...).
PAINT AND COATING TESTING MANUAL, 15th Edition - ASTM
Edited by Joseph Koleske.
Publisher: ASTM International
Year Edition: 2012
Pages: 1000 pages
FormatType: Hardcover Book
Country: Estados Unidos
How to Manufacture Synthetic Resins (Actel Resins, Amino Resins, Casein Resin...Ajjay Kumar Gupta
Synthetic resin is typically manufactured using a chemical polymerization process. This process then results in the creation of polymers that are more stable and homogeneous than naturally occurring resin. Since they are more stable and are cheaper, various forms of synthetic resin are used in a variety of products such as plastics, paints, varnishes, and textiles. There are various kinds of synthetic resins; acetal resins, amino resins, casein resins, epoxy resins, emulsion polymers, hydrocarbon resins, polyamide resins, polyesters rubber resins etc. The classic variety is epoxy resin, manufactured through polymerization, used as a thermoset polymer for adhesives and composites.
Tags
Alkyl and hydroxy alkyl alkylcellulose, Applications of Synthetic Resins, Best small and cottage scale industries, Business Plan for a Startup Business, Business start-up, Emulsion polymers manufacture, Formulation of Synthetic Resins, Formulation of Resins, How to Manufacture Synthetic Resins, How to start a successful synthetic resin business, How to start a synthetic resin production Business, How to start a synthetic resin production?, How to Start Emulsions of Synthetic Resin Business, How to start synthetic resin production Industry in India, Indene-coumarone resins, Manufacturing process of Acrylonitrile Resins, Manufacturing process of Actel Resins, Manufacturing process of Alkyd Resin, Manufacturing process of Amino Resins, Manufacturing process of Casein Resins, Manufacturing process of Epoxy Resins, Manufacturing process of Ion-exchange Resins, Manufacturing process of Phenolic resins, Manufacturing process of Polyamide Resins, Manufacturing process of Polycarbonates Resins, Manufacturing process of Polyesters, Manufacturing process of Polyurethane resins, Manufacturing process of Polyvinyl Acetate Solid Resins, Manufacturing process of Silicone resins, Modern small and cottage scale industries, Most Profitable Synthetic resin Business Ideas, New small scale ideas in synthetic resin production industry, Process of making synthetic resin adhesive, Processing of synthetic resin, Production of a synthetic resin, Profitable Small Scale synthetic resin Manufacturing, Project for startups, Resin Types and Production, Rosin & rosin derivatives, Rubber resins Formulation, Setting up and opening your synthetic resin Business, Shellac resins, Small scale Commercial synthetic resin making, Small Scale Synthetic resin manufacturing Projects, Small scale synthetic resin production line, Small Start-up Business Project, Start Up India, Stand up India, Starting a synthetic resin production Business, Start-up Business Plan for synthetic resin production, Startup ideas, Startup Project, Startup Project for synthetic resin production, Startup project plan, Sucrose resins, Synthetic resin Based Profitable Projects, Synthetic resin Based Small Scale Industries Projects, Synthetic Resin Business,
my education channel https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCl1xjEFQkDTJCHn3UFcyEFg
paint course part 1 painting
Binders : Hold the coating together – act like “glue.”
Pigments: Provide color, UV protection and hiding to coatings.
Additives: Give coatings their unique properties.
Resins: Synthetic or vegetable materials that are used as a base for coatings.
Solvents: (water or mineral spirits) allow for the material to be suspended, and once it evaporates from the coating, it allows for the film formation.
Formulation and Manufacturing Process of Alkyd Resin, Amino Resin, Phenolic R...Ajjay Kumar Gupta
In polymer chemistry and materials science, resin is a "solid or highly viscous substance," which are typically convertible into polymers. Such viscous substances can be plant-derived or synthetic in origin. They are often mixtures of organic compounds. Many plants, particularly woody plants produce resin in response to injury. The resin acts as a bandage protecting the plant from invading insects and pathogens.
See more
http://goo.gl/nL87v7
http://goo.gl/XsPcRR
http://goo.gl/KmQ0DN
http://www.entrepreneurindia.co/
Tags
Alkyd Resin Manufacturing, Applications of Emulsion Polymers, Best small and cottage scale industries, Business Plan for a Startup Business, Business start-up, Chemistry and Technology of Epoxy Resins, Emulsion polymers manufacture, Epoxy resin manufacturing plant, Epoxy resins manufacturing process, Everything about resins in a single book, Formulation of Acrylic Resin, Formulation of Alkyd Resin, Formulation of Amino Resin, Formulation of Epoxy Resin, Formulation of Paints, Formulation of Phenolic Resin, Formulation of Polyurethane Resins, Formulation of Silicone Resin, Formulation of Varnishes, Handbook of Epoxy Resins, How to manufacture resin, How to Start a Resins Production Business, How to start a successful Resin production business, How to Start Emulsions of Synthetic Resin Business, How to Start Resin production Industry in India, Industrial Resins, Manufacturing Process of Acrylic Resin, Manufacturing Process of Alkyd Resin, Manufacturing Process of Amino Resin, Manufacturing Process of Paints, Manufacturing Process of Phenolic Resin, Manufacturing Process of Pigments & Additives, Manufacturing Process of Polyurethane Epoxy Resin, Manufacturing Process of Silicone Resin, Manufacturing Process of Varnishes, Modern small and cottage scale industries, Most Profitable Resin production Business Ideas, New small scale ideas in Resin manufacturing industry, Oleoresinous Manufacturing Equipment, Phenolic resin manufacturing, Plastic Resin & Synthetic Fiber Manufacturing, Polyester resin manufacturing process, Preparation and Formulation of Silicone Resin based Coatings, Preparation of Project Profiles, Process technology books, Profitable small and cottage scale industries, Profitable Small Scale Resins Manufacturing, Project for startups, Project identification and selection, Resin Based Small Scale Industries Projects, Resin manufacturing Industry in India, Resin manufacturing plant, Resin manufacturing process, Resin manufacturing Projects, Resin production Business, Resin production process, Resin Types and Production, Resins Based Profitable Projects, Resins for Surface Coatings: Polyurethanes, Resins properties and applications, Resins Small Business Manufacturing, Resins Technology book, Setting up and opening your Resin Business, Setting up of Resin production Units, Small scale Commercial Resin making, Small scale Resin production line
AMP 95 is popular product recommendation for application coating, metal working fluid, Water Treatment, Pigment, Others.
Functional as follows :
> Control pH/ pH adjuster
> Wetting and Dispersing Agent
> Corrosion Protection
Further more please contact us.
PT. Sanmin Globe
Direct 02130338599, 087737835317 ( WA )
michael@sanminglobe.com
www.sanminglobe.com
Difference between reactive dye and disperse dye on fabricAzmir Latif Beg
We are introducing about reactive dye and disperse dye on fabric. At present reactive dye and disperse dyes is not a single word globally now it achieved vast sector in dyeing sector. I just try to make a different reactive dye and disperse dye on fabric application based.
To most people, paint is the colour on the walls of their home, the colour of their car, bike or any object which a person can relate to in his Daily Life but, Paint is more than just the colour though, it is a colored substance which is spread over a surface and is left to dry to leave a thin decorative, colored & protective coating film. Higher the Paint Quality Higher the Preparation Of Base
Formulation and Manufacturing Process of Paints, Pigments, Varnishes and Enam...Ajjay Kumar Gupta
Formulation and Manufacturing Process of Paints, Pigments, Varnishes and Enamels (Paint Testing, Wood Coatings, Oxygenated Solvents, Plasticizers, Pigment Dispersion, Colored Pigments, Varnishes, Lacquers and Floor Finishes, Exterior White Enamels, Floor Paints and Enamels, Enamel Paints, Marine Paints)
Paint is any liquid, liquefiable, or mastic composition that, after application to a substrate in a thin layer, converts to a solid film. It is most commonly used to protect, color, or provide texture to objects. Paint can be made or purchased in many colors—and in many different types, such as watercolor, synthetic, etc. Paint is typically stored, sold, and applied as a liquid, but most types dry into a solid.
See more
https://goo.gl/2fleHr
https://goo.gl/4nJkSw
https://goo.gl/Mz3xNa
Contact us:
Niir Project Consultancy Services
106-E, Kamla Nagar, Opp. Spark Mall,
New Delhi-110007, India.
Email: npcs.ei@gmail.com , info@entrepreneurindia.co
Tel: +91-11-23843955, 23845654, 23845886, 8800733955
Mobile: +91-9811043595
Website: www.entrepreneurindia.co , www.niir.org
Tags
Starting Paint Production Business, How to Start Paint Manufacturing Industry, Business Plan for Paint Industry, How to Start Successful Manufacturing Business, Paint Manufacturing Business Plan, Paint Production Process, Paint Business Plan, Paint Production, Paint Production Business Plan, How to Start Paint Production Business, Paint Manufacturing, Planning in Paint Manufacturing Industry, Process Plants for Paint Industry, Paint Making Process, Paint Manufacturing Process, Process of Paint Production, How to Manufacture Paint, Paint Manufacturing Machines, Resin Manufacture, Resin Manufacturing, Resin Manufacturing Plant, Manufacturing Process of Resins, How to Start Resin Manufacturing Business, Resin Manufacturing Process, Process of Making Resin, Powder Coatings Manufacturing, Powder Coatings Manufacture, Manufacturing Process for Powder Coatings, Powder Coating Manufacturing Process, Powder Coating Production Equipment, Powder Coating Plant, Manufacture of Natural Copal Varnishes, Method of Heating, Manufacture of Black Varnishes, Black Varnish Manufacture, Manufacture of Spirit Varnishes, Floor Paints and Enamels, Interior Concrete Paints and Enamels, Exterior White Enamels, Exterior or Interior Enamels, Varnishes, Lacquers and Floor Finishes, Furniture Rubbing Varnish, Epoxy-Amine Clear Coating, White Pigment Evaluation Methods, Colored Pigments, Mill Base Formulation, Plasticizers, Oxygenated Solvents, Wood Coatings, Paint and Varnish Removers, Solvent Paint and Varnish Removers, Formulation of Varnish Removers, Chemical Removers, Non Chlorinated Solvent Paint Removers, Removal of Epoxies, Mechanism of Paint Removal, Methods of Paint Removal, Manufacturing Process of Paint Remover Paint, Paint Removers Production, How to Remove Paint With Chemical, Powder Coating & Paint Remover, Paint Remover Industry
Zinc oxide (ZnO) is added to rubber compounds to activate sulfur vulcanization and thereby reduce the vulcanization time. ... The release of zinc into the environment from rubber occurs during the production, disposal, and recycling of rubber products (e.g., through leaching in landfill sites).
Its most common application is as a vulcanization activator in conjunction with stearic acid. Its addition is recommended at the beginning of the mixture, after the addition of stearic acid - its addition before stearic acid causes difficulty in incorporation and problems with dispersion.
Introduction to waterborne paints & coatings rheologyspecialchem-ada
To get additional information, you can use the following link: goo.gl/dxR59V
In this presentation, the technical expert explains how Rheology influences in-can properties, paint texture, application properties & film properties.
You will find some product recommendations: the right dispersants and thickeners (Acrylic, HEUR) to be used in various formulation types to improve coating properties.
If you would like to get more detailed information on Rheology, click on the following link: goo.gl/dxR59V
The Paints and Coatings Industry is one of the most heavily regulated industries in the world. The sector consists of manufacturers of paints, varnishes, lacquers, shellacs, stains, and a variety of other specialty coatings.
Surface coating industry is one of the most popular industries. Paints, varnishes and lacquers industry is gaining ground at a rapid pace in modern time accompanied with closed advance in surface coating technology. They are formulated for specific purposes: outside house paints and exterior varnishes are intended to give good service when exposed to weathering; interior wall paints are formulated to give excellent coverage and good wash ability; and lacquers are formulated for rapid drying. Varnish is one of the important parts of surface coating industry. Varnish is a transparent, hard, protective finish or film primarily used in wood finishing but also for other materials.
See more at
http://goo.gl/enBjnk
https://goo.gl/V26h8x
https://goo.gl/tzTyws
Contact us:
Niir Project Consultancy Services
106-E, Kamla Nagar, Opp. Spark Mall,
New Delhi-110007, India.
Email: npcs.ei@gmail.com , info@entrepreneurindia.co
Tel: +91-11-23843955, 23845654, 23845886, 8800733955
Mobile: +91-9811043595
Website: www.entrepreneurindia.co , www.niir.org
Tags
How Paint is Made, How to Start Paint Manufacturing Industry, How to Manufacture Paints, Varnishes and Lacquers, How to Manufacture Commercial Paint?, Paint Manufacture, Paint Manufacturing Process, Paint Formulation and Process, How to Manufacture Paint, Paint Manufacturing Unit, Paint Manufacturing, Low Cost Business Ideas, Simple Low Cost Business Ideas, Top Small Business Ideas Low Invest Big Profit in India Smart Business Ideas, Very Low Budget Best Business Ideas, Low Investment High Profit Business, Small Business Ideas to Make Money, Top Profitable Small Business Ideas in India, Best Business Ideas for Rural Areas in India & World Top Best Small Business Idea, Invest Low, Top Best Small Business Ideas for Beginners 2017, Small Business But Big Profit in India, Profitable Small Business Ideas with Small Investment, Best Home Based Business Ideas, Best Part Time Business Ideas to Start New Business, Best Ideas for Low Budget Business and More Profits, Top Best Small Business Ideas for Women in 2017, Low-Cost Business Ideas for Introverts, Top Small Business Ideas in India for Starting Your Own Business, Secret to Making Money by Starting Small Business, Small Business Ideas with Small, Top Easy Small Business Ideas in India, Small Investment Big Returns, Top Best Small Business Ideas in India, Business Ideas With Low Investment, How to Get Rich?, Low Cost Small Business Ideas for India, Best Small Business Ideas in India to Start Business, 100% Risk Free Business, Low Budget Best Small Business Idea for Self Employment, Low Cost Business Ideas with High Profit, Most Profitable Business Ideas with Low Investment, Easy Simple Best Unique Low Cost Small Investment, Start up Business Ideas, What is Low Cost Business to Start?, Start Small Business, Low Investment Manufacturing Business in India, Low Cost Small Business Ideas
20 Microns Nano Minerals being a subsidiary of 20 Microns is trying to innovate in the niche space of Soft Industrial Minerals with its manufacturing base in Vadodara, Bhuj, and Tirunelveli. It is also seriously concentrating on customizing products for its customers by creating the much-needed value addition to the Industrial Minerals and differentiating it from the products of its parent company, 20 Microns Limited.
my education channel https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCl1xjEFQkDTJCHn3UFcyEFg
paint course part 1 painting
Binders : Hold the coating together – act like “glue.”
Pigments: Provide color, UV protection and hiding to coatings.
Additives: Give coatings their unique properties.
Resins: Synthetic or vegetable materials that are used as a base for coatings.
Solvents: (water or mineral spirits) allow for the material to be suspended, and once it evaporates from the coating, it allows for the film formation.
Formulation and Manufacturing Process of Alkyd Resin, Amino Resin, Phenolic R...Ajjay Kumar Gupta
In polymer chemistry and materials science, resin is a "solid or highly viscous substance," which are typically convertible into polymers. Such viscous substances can be plant-derived or synthetic in origin. They are often mixtures of organic compounds. Many plants, particularly woody plants produce resin in response to injury. The resin acts as a bandage protecting the plant from invading insects and pathogens.
See more
http://goo.gl/nL87v7
http://goo.gl/XsPcRR
http://goo.gl/KmQ0DN
http://www.entrepreneurindia.co/
Tags
Alkyd Resin Manufacturing, Applications of Emulsion Polymers, Best small and cottage scale industries, Business Plan for a Startup Business, Business start-up, Chemistry and Technology of Epoxy Resins, Emulsion polymers manufacture, Epoxy resin manufacturing plant, Epoxy resins manufacturing process, Everything about resins in a single book, Formulation of Acrylic Resin, Formulation of Alkyd Resin, Formulation of Amino Resin, Formulation of Epoxy Resin, Formulation of Paints, Formulation of Phenolic Resin, Formulation of Polyurethane Resins, Formulation of Silicone Resin, Formulation of Varnishes, Handbook of Epoxy Resins, How to manufacture resin, How to Start a Resins Production Business, How to start a successful Resin production business, How to Start Emulsions of Synthetic Resin Business, How to Start Resin production Industry in India, Industrial Resins, Manufacturing Process of Acrylic Resin, Manufacturing Process of Alkyd Resin, Manufacturing Process of Amino Resin, Manufacturing Process of Paints, Manufacturing Process of Phenolic Resin, Manufacturing Process of Pigments & Additives, Manufacturing Process of Polyurethane Epoxy Resin, Manufacturing Process of Silicone Resin, Manufacturing Process of Varnishes, Modern small and cottage scale industries, Most Profitable Resin production Business Ideas, New small scale ideas in Resin manufacturing industry, Oleoresinous Manufacturing Equipment, Phenolic resin manufacturing, Plastic Resin & Synthetic Fiber Manufacturing, Polyester resin manufacturing process, Preparation and Formulation of Silicone Resin based Coatings, Preparation of Project Profiles, Process technology books, Profitable small and cottage scale industries, Profitable Small Scale Resins Manufacturing, Project for startups, Project identification and selection, Resin Based Small Scale Industries Projects, Resin manufacturing Industry in India, Resin manufacturing plant, Resin manufacturing process, Resin manufacturing Projects, Resin production Business, Resin production process, Resin Types and Production, Resins Based Profitable Projects, Resins for Surface Coatings: Polyurethanes, Resins properties and applications, Resins Small Business Manufacturing, Resins Technology book, Setting up and opening your Resin Business, Setting up of Resin production Units, Small scale Commercial Resin making, Small scale Resin production line
AMP 95 is popular product recommendation for application coating, metal working fluid, Water Treatment, Pigment, Others.
Functional as follows :
> Control pH/ pH adjuster
> Wetting and Dispersing Agent
> Corrosion Protection
Further more please contact us.
PT. Sanmin Globe
Direct 02130338599, 087737835317 ( WA )
michael@sanminglobe.com
www.sanminglobe.com
Difference between reactive dye and disperse dye on fabricAzmir Latif Beg
We are introducing about reactive dye and disperse dye on fabric. At present reactive dye and disperse dyes is not a single word globally now it achieved vast sector in dyeing sector. I just try to make a different reactive dye and disperse dye on fabric application based.
To most people, paint is the colour on the walls of their home, the colour of their car, bike or any object which a person can relate to in his Daily Life but, Paint is more than just the colour though, it is a colored substance which is spread over a surface and is left to dry to leave a thin decorative, colored & protective coating film. Higher the Paint Quality Higher the Preparation Of Base
Formulation and Manufacturing Process of Paints, Pigments, Varnishes and Enam...Ajjay Kumar Gupta
Formulation and Manufacturing Process of Paints, Pigments, Varnishes and Enamels (Paint Testing, Wood Coatings, Oxygenated Solvents, Plasticizers, Pigment Dispersion, Colored Pigments, Varnishes, Lacquers and Floor Finishes, Exterior White Enamels, Floor Paints and Enamels, Enamel Paints, Marine Paints)
Paint is any liquid, liquefiable, or mastic composition that, after application to a substrate in a thin layer, converts to a solid film. It is most commonly used to protect, color, or provide texture to objects. Paint can be made or purchased in many colors—and in many different types, such as watercolor, synthetic, etc. Paint is typically stored, sold, and applied as a liquid, but most types dry into a solid.
See more
https://goo.gl/2fleHr
https://goo.gl/4nJkSw
https://goo.gl/Mz3xNa
Contact us:
Niir Project Consultancy Services
106-E, Kamla Nagar, Opp. Spark Mall,
New Delhi-110007, India.
Email: npcs.ei@gmail.com , info@entrepreneurindia.co
Tel: +91-11-23843955, 23845654, 23845886, 8800733955
Mobile: +91-9811043595
Website: www.entrepreneurindia.co , www.niir.org
Tags
Starting Paint Production Business, How to Start Paint Manufacturing Industry, Business Plan for Paint Industry, How to Start Successful Manufacturing Business, Paint Manufacturing Business Plan, Paint Production Process, Paint Business Plan, Paint Production, Paint Production Business Plan, How to Start Paint Production Business, Paint Manufacturing, Planning in Paint Manufacturing Industry, Process Plants for Paint Industry, Paint Making Process, Paint Manufacturing Process, Process of Paint Production, How to Manufacture Paint, Paint Manufacturing Machines, Resin Manufacture, Resin Manufacturing, Resin Manufacturing Plant, Manufacturing Process of Resins, How to Start Resin Manufacturing Business, Resin Manufacturing Process, Process of Making Resin, Powder Coatings Manufacturing, Powder Coatings Manufacture, Manufacturing Process for Powder Coatings, Powder Coating Manufacturing Process, Powder Coating Production Equipment, Powder Coating Plant, Manufacture of Natural Copal Varnishes, Method of Heating, Manufacture of Black Varnishes, Black Varnish Manufacture, Manufacture of Spirit Varnishes, Floor Paints and Enamels, Interior Concrete Paints and Enamels, Exterior White Enamels, Exterior or Interior Enamels, Varnishes, Lacquers and Floor Finishes, Furniture Rubbing Varnish, Epoxy-Amine Clear Coating, White Pigment Evaluation Methods, Colored Pigments, Mill Base Formulation, Plasticizers, Oxygenated Solvents, Wood Coatings, Paint and Varnish Removers, Solvent Paint and Varnish Removers, Formulation of Varnish Removers, Chemical Removers, Non Chlorinated Solvent Paint Removers, Removal of Epoxies, Mechanism of Paint Removal, Methods of Paint Removal, Manufacturing Process of Paint Remover Paint, Paint Removers Production, How to Remove Paint With Chemical, Powder Coating & Paint Remover, Paint Remover Industry
Zinc oxide (ZnO) is added to rubber compounds to activate sulfur vulcanization and thereby reduce the vulcanization time. ... The release of zinc into the environment from rubber occurs during the production, disposal, and recycling of rubber products (e.g., through leaching in landfill sites).
Its most common application is as a vulcanization activator in conjunction with stearic acid. Its addition is recommended at the beginning of the mixture, after the addition of stearic acid - its addition before stearic acid causes difficulty in incorporation and problems with dispersion.
Introduction to waterborne paints & coatings rheologyspecialchem-ada
To get additional information, you can use the following link: goo.gl/dxR59V
In this presentation, the technical expert explains how Rheology influences in-can properties, paint texture, application properties & film properties.
You will find some product recommendations: the right dispersants and thickeners (Acrylic, HEUR) to be used in various formulation types to improve coating properties.
If you would like to get more detailed information on Rheology, click on the following link: goo.gl/dxR59V
The Paints and Coatings Industry is one of the most heavily regulated industries in the world. The sector consists of manufacturers of paints, varnishes, lacquers, shellacs, stains, and a variety of other specialty coatings.
Surface coating industry is one of the most popular industries. Paints, varnishes and lacquers industry is gaining ground at a rapid pace in modern time accompanied with closed advance in surface coating technology. They are formulated for specific purposes: outside house paints and exterior varnishes are intended to give good service when exposed to weathering; interior wall paints are formulated to give excellent coverage and good wash ability; and lacquers are formulated for rapid drying. Varnish is one of the important parts of surface coating industry. Varnish is a transparent, hard, protective finish or film primarily used in wood finishing but also for other materials.
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How Paint is Made, How to Start Paint Manufacturing Industry, How to Manufacture Paints, Varnishes and Lacquers, How to Manufacture Commercial Paint?, Paint Manufacture, Paint Manufacturing Process, Paint Formulation and Process, How to Manufacture Paint, Paint Manufacturing Unit, Paint Manufacturing, Low Cost Business Ideas, Simple Low Cost Business Ideas, Top Small Business Ideas Low Invest Big Profit in India Smart Business Ideas, Very Low Budget Best Business Ideas, Low Investment High Profit Business, Small Business Ideas to Make Money, Top Profitable Small Business Ideas in India, Best Business Ideas for Rural Areas in India & World Top Best Small Business Idea, Invest Low, Top Best Small Business Ideas for Beginners 2017, Small Business But Big Profit in India, Profitable Small Business Ideas with Small Investment, Best Home Based Business Ideas, Best Part Time Business Ideas to Start New Business, Best Ideas for Low Budget Business and More Profits, Top Best Small Business Ideas for Women in 2017, Low-Cost Business Ideas for Introverts, Top Small Business Ideas in India for Starting Your Own Business, Secret to Making Money by Starting Small Business, Small Business Ideas with Small, Top Easy Small Business Ideas in India, Small Investment Big Returns, Top Best Small Business Ideas in India, Business Ideas With Low Investment, How to Get Rich?, Low Cost Small Business Ideas for India, Best Small Business Ideas in India to Start Business, 100% Risk Free Business, Low Budget Best Small Business Idea for Self Employment, Low Cost Business Ideas with High Profit, Most Profitable Business Ideas with Low Investment, Easy Simple Best Unique Low Cost Small Investment, Start up Business Ideas, What is Low Cost Business to Start?, Start Small Business, Low Investment Manufacturing Business in India, Low Cost Small Business Ideas
20 Microns Nano Minerals being a subsidiary of 20 Microns is trying to innovate in the niche space of Soft Industrial Minerals with its manufacturing base in Vadodara, Bhuj, and Tirunelveli. It is also seriously concentrating on customizing products for its customers by creating the much-needed value addition to the Industrial Minerals and differentiating it from the products of its parent company, 20 Microns Limited.
An insight on formulating texture coatings and the effect of rheology modifiers to the different application methods and finish profile of texture coatings
STUDY OF SEPARATION OF PIGMENTS IN PAINTS FOR DEVELOPMENT OF MULTICOLOR PAINTJournal For Research
The multicolor paint is a full waterborne product, has low Voc, is environmental friendly and solvent free and is an ideal substitute for marble, granite þ And the full waterborne granite multicolor painting has good elasticity and can cover small cracks of a wall body. A multicolor Paint can be formed by optionally mixing two or more color spot color lumps and then spraying the mixture at a time. The multicolor Paint can imitate and decorate textures of various real granites and is natural and vivid. The production process is simple, does not need dispersion at a high speed and only needs uniform stirring. The product has the texture of natural marble, good weather resistance and water resistance, does not fade and age, has a strong adhesive force, contamination resistance, convenient construction, high hardness of film and scratch resistance, and is applied to surface coating of indoor and outdoor brick walls, concrete and cement walls and the like. The present paper relates to a coating, in particular to protect the surface for a building facade and apparatus Decorated with imitation granite, marble effect paint, it belongs to the field of chemical technology coatings. Water in liquid hydrocarbon multicolored paint composition is provided having a disperse phase and continuous phase. The disperse phase preferably is comprised of water soluble, film forming, crosslink able, carboxylated polymerþ cross linking agentþ hydroxy (lower alkyl) celluloseþ Cationic quaternized water soluble cellulose etherþ Peptized clay and water. The continuous phase preferably is a hydrocarbon composition containing film forming polymer, wax and thickener. Methods for preparing the paint are also provided.
paints, composition of paints, properties of paints and classification of paints : On the basis of application area,On the basis of the paint surface,On the basis of paint solvent,On the basis of finish,On the basis of function.What to Consider When Choosing a Paint Finish. Defects in paints. Building finishes
Paints and lacquers: Coatings have dual uses of protecting the substrate and being decorative. (The paint on large industrial pipes is presumably only for the function of preventing corrosion).
Nanotechnology is seen as one of the key technologies of the future. Nanotechnology refers to a wide range of scientific and technological phenomena which focuses on nanoscale (0.1 to 100 nm). It is the science of developing materials through individual control of atoms and molecules to create products that are thousands of times smaller than current technology allows for. The basis of this technology is to modify the inherent material properties such as color, abrasion resistance, conductivity, etc. the reduction of its size without modifying its chemical composition. nano-particles artificially produced have new properties which are important for the development of new products and applications.
The composition of an organic coating (paint) may be may be a formulation simple or complex, with a variety of materials, each having a specific function. The formulations generally have three components designed to be permanent and serve specific functions in the dry film. These components are the pigment, carrier and additives. Pigments provide color and other functions. The vehicles commonly called ligands act as an adhesive to adhere the pigment particles to the substrate or to each other. Finally, the additives are chemicals which modify the coating properties in fluid or solid state.
Surface coating industry is one of the most popular industries. Paints, varnishes and lacquers industry is gaining ground at a rapid pace in modern time accompanied with closed advance in surface coating technology. They are formulated for specific purposes: outside house paints and exterior varnishes are intended to give good service when exposed to weathering; interior wall paints are formulated to give excellent coverage and good wash ability; and lacquers are formulated for rapid drying.
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Formulas for Preparing Spirit Varnishes, Formulas of Oil Varnishes, Formulation of Lacquer, Formulation of Paint, Formulation of the Volatiles in Nitrocellulose Lacquers, Formulation of Varnishes, Fundamentals of paint, varnish, and lacquer technology, How paint is made, How to Make Nitrocellulose Lacquer, How to make paint and build your own factory, How to make varnish, How to manufacture lacquer, How to manufacture lacquer paint, oils paint, How to Manufacture Paints, Varnishes and Lacquers, How to Start a Lacquer Production Business, How to Start a Paint and Varnish Business, How to start a successful Paint business, How to start a successful varnish and lacquer business, How to start a varnish and lacquer making business?, How to Start Lacquer manufacturing Industry in India, How to Start Paint Manufacturing Industry in India, How to Start Paint Production Business, Indian paint industry, Introduction to lacquer production, Lacquer Based Profitable Projects, Lacquer Based Small Scale Industries Projects, Lacquer Business, Lacquer Formulation, Lacquer manufacturing Industry in India, Lacquer production process, Manufacture of Paint and Varnish, Manufacture of paints, varnishes and similar coatings, Manufacture of varnishes, Manufacturing Paint and Coatings, Most Profitable Lacquer Processing Business Ideas, Most Profitable Paint Manufacturing Business Ideas, New small scale ideas in Lacquer manufacturing industry, New small scale ideas in Paint Manufacturing industry, Oil Varnishes manufacturing, Paint and varnish facts and formulae, Paint and Varnish Manufacture, Paint Formulation and Process, Paint Formulation, Paint Making Small Business Manufacturing, Paint manufacturing Business, Paint Manufacturing Industry in India, Paint manufacturing process, Paint Manufacturing, Paint pigment varnish & lacquer manufacturing, Paint Production Business, Paint production process, Paint production technology, Paint Varnish Solvents & Coating Technology Book, Paints and Pigments Technology book, Pigment Manufacturing, Process of paint production, Profitable Small Scale Paint Manufacturing, Profitable Small Scale varnish and lacquer manufacturing, Raw materials used in paint manufacturing, Resin and Varnish Manufacture, Setting up and opening your Paint Business, Setting up and opening your varnish and lacquer Business, Small scale Commercial Paint making, Small scale Commercial varnish and lacquer making
Neuro-symbolic is not enough, we need neuro-*semantic*Frank van Harmelen
Neuro-symbolic (NeSy) AI is on the rise. However, simply machine learning on just any symbolic structure is not sufficient to really harvest the gains of NeSy. These will only be gained when the symbolic structures have an actual semantics. I give an operational definition of semantics as “predictable inference”.
All of this illustrated with link prediction over knowledge graphs, but the argument is general.
Essentials of Automations: Optimizing FME Workflows with ParametersSafe Software
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Don’t miss this opportunity to elevate your FME expertise and drive your projects to new heights of efficiency.
State of ICS and IoT Cyber Threat Landscape Report 2024 previewPrayukth K V
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The latest edition of the OT/ICS and IoT security Threat Landscape Report 2024 also covers:
State of global ICS asset and network exposure
Sectoral targets and attacks as well as the cost of ransom
Global APT activity, AI usage, actor and tactic profiles, and implications
Rise in volumes of AI-powered cyberattacks
Major cyber events in 2024
Malware and malicious payload trends
Cyberattack types and targets
Vulnerability exploit attempts on CVEs
Attacks on counties – USA
Expansion of bot farms – how, where, and why
In-depth analysis of the cyber threat landscape across North America, South America, Europe, APAC, and the Middle East
Why are attacks on smart factories rising?
Cyber risk predictions
Axis of attacks – Europe
Systemic attacks in the Middle East
Download the full report from here:
https://sectrio.com/resources/ot-threat-landscape-reports/sectrio-releases-ot-ics-and-iot-security-threat-landscape-report-2024/
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GDG Cloud Southlake #33: Boule & Rebala: Effective AppSec in SDLC using Deplo...James Anderson
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The modern software delivery process (or the CI/CD process) includes many tools, distributed teams, open-source code, and cloud platforms. Constant focus on speed to release software to market, along with the traditional slow and manual security checks has caused gaps in continuous security as an important piece in the software supply chain. Today organizations feel more susceptible to external and internal cyber threats due to the vast attack surface in their applications supply chain and the lack of end-to-end governance and risk management.
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Securing your Kubernetes cluster_ a step-by-step guide to success !KatiaHIMEUR1
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Dev Dives: Train smarter, not harder – active learning and UiPath LLMs for do...UiPathCommunity
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After immersing yourself in the blue book and its red counterpart, attending DDD-focused conferences, and applying tactical patterns, you're left with a crucial question: How do I ensure my design is effective? Tactical patterns within Domain-Driven Design (DDD) serve as guiding principles for creating clear and manageable domain models. However, achieving success with these patterns requires additional guidance. Interestingly, we've observed that a set of constraints initially designed for training purposes remarkably aligns with effective pattern implementation, offering a more ‘mechanical’ approach. Let's explore together how Object Calisthenics can elevate the design of your tactical DDD patterns, offering concrete help for those venturing into DDD for the first time!
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• Test Automation: How AI-powered test case generation, optimization, and self-healing tests are making testing more efficient and effective.
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T6 new generation calcium carbonate by k.k. mishra
1. NEW GENERATION OF CALCIUM CARBONATE
K.K.Mishra
20 Microns Ltd., Mumbai, India
GENERAL OUTLOOK
Paint, as an aesthetic and protective material, has undergone significant transformation over the years from
being just a colour to a performance specific composite material. With this change, the ingredients of paint
have evolved into more sophisticated functional raw materials. Extenders once considered as mere fillers are
today looked upon as functional input to the paint contributing to rheology, adhesion, gloss control, hiding and
PVC optimization. This situation necessitates up gradation of techniques and for the characterization of
extenders.
MANY paint makers still believe that fillers, (extenders, minerals) are of little importance, low cost and widely
available products. But extenders should no longer be viewed in such terms. They have a functional purpose
in the paint end product and their properties and qualities will substantially affect this product. Paint makers
must expand and modernize their production facilities to cope with increasing technological sophistication. In
trying to cut costs, raw materials will be a key consideration. Many paint makers have successfully decreased
the use of expensive titanium dioxide by partial replacement of white extenders which are properly ground to
the extent of sub-microns to 2microns average particle size.
FUNCTIONAL EXTENDERS
Extender pigment or simply extenders are also so called because such materials are used to “Extend” the
effect of expensive white and coloured pigments, so cheapening the paint formulation. However, it is now
recognized that extender pigments contribute much more to paint properties. Careful selection of the type and
quantity of extenders can affect such features in paints & coating as:
1. Opacity or hiding.
2. Gloss or sheen.
3. Flow, leveling and smoothness.
4. Durability and appearance of the paint film.
5. Pigment settlement on storage.
6. Barriers effect and water permeability etc.
Conventionally, extenders have been characterized employing simple techniques like visual colour
assessment, sieving, specific gravity, oil and water demand, pH and microscopic examination. These tests do
give very useful information to the paint formulator in deciding upon fundamental formulation parameters like
PVC, weight per liter, finish and the like. However, if one desires to establish the closer relationship between
characteristics of the extenders on one hand and various paint making, application and performance
parameters on the other, then the use of modern analytical techniques become unavoidable. These
techniques possess the capability to look at the micro structure of extenders in terms of size, shape, surface
chemistry and crystallography. Correlations established between different extender parameters and a paint
-1-
2. performance property enables the technologist to diagnose the cause of the quality or performance problem.
More importantly, it provides predictive capability to envisage performance of a paint which incorporates
certain type of extenders.
While examining various modern techniques, it is important to take over view of various particle size analysis
techniques like, electron microscopy forms a very important tool for examination of particle shape which has
significant bearing on RHEOLOGY, GLOSS AND OPACITY AND SURFACE FINISH.
For the sake of simplicity the term “Extenders” will be retained in this article, but it is used in the widest sense.
The main difference between a pigment and an extender is that pigments impart colour and hiding power to
the paint where as extenders have little or no hiding power themselves. The manufacturers of mineral
extenders are generally required to give high technical service back up, and bear above average the R&D
costs. The efficient processing is important, as is the ability to upgrade and modify products term as a “New
Generation Extenders” by using ultrafine grinding technology without any oversized particles (nib
free), calcining or surface modifications.
FUNCTIONAL PERPORTIES OF EXTENDERS
Selection of extenders by the paint maker depends on a number of factors:
GENERAL
The colour should be bright, clear, intense and reproducible. It depends on the mineral, chemical composition,
the brightness, the cleanliness and the intensity on the difference between the refractive indices of pigment
extenders and medium, and on particle size and size distribution, particle shape and crystal habit. The opacity
or hiding power is a function of the difference between refractive indices of the pigment and dispersion
medium. Both pigments and extenders are opaque as dry powders, but when dispersed in media, pigments
are opaque in both organic and aqueous media, whereas the extenders are practically transparent in organic
media but opaque in aqueous media. This is because the refractive indices of extenders are very close to
those of oils and resins.
Extenders have a low refractive index, similar to that of binders and so are effectively transparent. They are
usually white or off-white and contribute either no color or an undesirable one to paint film. How, then, can
extenders increase the efficacy of pigments if they possess neither of the basic properties required. ? There
are five aspects to consider:
1. PARTICLE SIZE DISTRIBUTION.
The particle size is very important and it is one of the properties which can be altered substantially by the
processor. Hiding power and tinting strength are both related to the particle size. The particle size also
influences gross consistency and settlement. Particle sizes have directly co-relation with surface area of
the particle which effects viscosity, flow characteristics, dispersion stability and oil absorption. Particle
shape effects flow characteristics settlement and film durability.
-2-
3. 2. HIGH BRIGHTNESS.
They should be as bright as possible so that no pigment is, as it were, wasted covering the unwanted
colour of the extender. The brightness depends on the chemical composition of the deposit. Sometimes
the colour can be improved by washing or flotation.
3. HINDER RE-AGLOMERATION.
This is done by introducing sufficient physical barriers so that the likelihood of two pigment particles
colliding and re-agglomerating in the liquid paint system is reduced.
4. IMPROVED PIGMENT DISPERSION.
They help to break down the pigment agglomerates. It has been calculated that if all the titanium dioxide
used were perfectly dispersed, the world demand for titanium dioxide would fall to about 14% of the
present usage. It is evident that extender producers can help a lot here.
The extender must itself be easy to disperse. The individual particles collide with pigment agglomerates,
breaking them up. The extender must be fine since if it is too coarse it encourages “crowding” thus
defeating the objective. Ideally, the pigment particles should be half the wave length of light in diameter
and the distance between them should also be half the wave length of visible light. Please note that we no
longer speak of spacing extenders. This theory has been proved wrong by simple experiment. If the
pigment and extender are disperse separately in half of the binder and then subsequently mixed, there is
only a slight increase in opacity and much less than when the extender and pigment are mixed together in
the first place. The slight increase in opacity is caused by hindering re-agglomeration as mentioned
above.
5. DECREASE CRITICAL PVC.
They can decrease the critical PVC to below that of the paint so that there is insufficient binder to
completely coat each organic particle. Tiny pockets of air are trapped on the surface of some of the
particles, increasing the amount of light diffracted and hence the opacity or hiding power of the paint film.
Of course, this also lowers the scrub resistance and increases the tendency of the film to pick up
atmospheric dirt. The extender must have a high absorption. Suitable ones are calcined clay or synthetic
aluminium silicate. This usage is only practical for interior paints and even then it is limited due the poorer
scrub resistance.
A NEW GENERATION CALCIUM CARBONATES – LEADING THE FIELD
In quantity terms calcite, dolomite and whiting are the most widely used carbonate extender minerals in
paints. Calcite is basically used as a pigment extender for the improvement of pigment efficiency because of
the spacing and refractive index. Paint makers may use any grade size from a coarser grade (400 Mesh) to a
micronized grade (20 Microns and 10 Microns). In general, the finer the particle size, the higher the gloss of
the paint.
Calcium carbonate does not contribute significantly to opacity in itself but a new generation calcium
carbonate is said to “bring out” the opacity of prime white pigments by spacing them correctly. High
brightness and proper micronisation is desirable to improve paint colour characteristics. Properly micronized
-3-
4. carbonates may be used to improve film cohesion, higher gloss and higher loading (pigment volume
concentration).
In paints & coating, the endless opportunity for modifying the optical and mechanical properties with calcium
carbonate, make this mineral particularly popular main extenders which offer functional properties with
regards to high brightness low oil absorption, dispensability, weather resistance, low abrasiveness, low
electrolyte content, pH stabilizing effect, and improved anti-corrosion and rheological properties.
a. Decorative coating
Interior emulsion paint is the most important application of the calcium carbonate of the coating industry,
and calcium carbonate also provide economical advantages and optimize properties performance in
exterior emulsion paint and decorative enamel, where calcium carbonate filler loading is comparatively
lower.
b. Industrial Coating
Industrial coatings are generally formulated with lower filler content, primarily use for protection, where
durability is a main paint film property against environmental condition.
Application Extenders Content
Interior emulsion paints Up to 65%
Exterior emulsion paints Up to 45%
Brushing enamels Up to 10 -15%
Powder coatings Up to 5 -20%
Industrial coatings Up to 5 -20%
Road marking paints Up to 30 -50%
Primer Up to 5 -20%
Inks Up to 15%
To meet the challenging demands of its customers, 20 Microns Limited now produces New Generation
Calcium Carbonates, mainly
1. O Carb
Purest, ultra white and closely controlled superfine narrow particle size calcium carbonate from world best
deposit.
O Carb is white, closely controlled, micronized purest, natural calcium carbonate selected from world best
deposit, specially developed for Paints-Coating, adhesives and sealants industry ‘O’ Carb narrow particle
size distribution optimizes particle packing leaving less void space to be filled by expensive resin, which
leads to enhance opacity with gloss in all type of premium water base formulation.
2. Vaporlite 90T
Sub-micron calcium carbonate produced by new engineered wet – milling techniques, which act as a
spacers between prime pigment and contribute to batter coating opacity and high gloss.
Vaporlite 90T is an ultra fine sub-micron natural calcium carbonate. The sub-micron particles of
Vaporlite 90T can act as spacers between TiO2 particles leading to increase the efficiency of TiO2 in the
paints and coating application. The size and numbers of Vaporlite 90T particles enable efficient
separation at TiO2 particles and inhibit re-agglomeration after dispersion whereas agglomerates are less
-4-
5. efficient at scattering light when compared to the fine primary particles. As light beams are refracted at the
particle surface it follows that smaller and more numerous fine particles offer more opportunities for
refraction and thus lead to better coating OPACITY and HIGHGLOSS.
Fig 1. SPACING EFFECT OF VAPORLITE 90T WITH PRIME PIGMENT TiO2
Fig-1
3. Vaporcifier
Modified calcium carbonate for partial replacement of Titanium Dioxide (TiO2)
Vaporcifier is a new and innovative product designed especially for emulsion paints. Vaporcifier is a
natural calcium carbonate where particle structures are modified by physical and chemical process which
creates particle with an amorphous structure to offer excellent opacity of the paint and lower overall cost
by extension of TiO2. Vaporcifier display a very amorphous structure which leads to the assumption that
in addition to the external surface an internal surface also exists which significantly increase a specific
area and oil absorption whereas micronized GCC shows a compact surface structure.
Fig 2. S.E.M. OF VAPORICIFIER – LOW COST OPACIFIER CALCIUM CARBONATE
Fig 2.
TYPICAL PHYCICAL PROPERTY OF NEW GENERATION CALCIUM CARBONATE
Tests M. Carb 2µ O Carb Vaporlite 90T Vaporcifier
Micronized Superfine Sub-micron Modified CaCO3
fine GCC CaCO3 CaCO3
Average Particle 2.6 ± 0.2 µm 1.8 ± 0. 2 µm 0.9 ± 0.2 µm 2.0 ± 0.3 µm
-5-
6. diameter (d50%) on
Marven
Top cut (d97%) 13±2µm 7±1 µm 4±1 µm 10±2 µm
Bulk Density loose 580±50 520±30 350±50 400±50
(gm/liter)
Brightness 94±2 94±2 92±2 90±2
Oil absorption 20±3 27±5 35±5 75±5
(gm/100gm)
Specific surface area 3-4 5-6 12-15 22-25
(BET) m2/gm
EXPERIMENTAL OBJECTIVE
The most widely used pigment in the paint industry is titanium dioxide. The rising titanium dioxide price and
tight supply situation is causing more and more paint manufacturers to seek means of extending this pigment
without loss of opacity or change in colour tone. Based on the experience and global trend in the industry, we
introduce a New generation calcium carbonate, and our product application center had carried out some
experiment which is subsequently fallowed by our esteemed paints & coating customers.
EXPERIMENT NO. 1
PARTIAL REPLACEMENT OF TITANIUM DIOXIDE IN EXTERIOR EMULSION PAINT BY VAPORCIFIER
AND “O” CARB NEW GENERATION CALCIUM CARBONATE
TECHNICAL DATA OF EXTENDERS:
Extender Top Cut D(97) Average particle Brightness Oil Absorption
µm size D(50) µm % gm/100gm
Talc 10 µ 20 6-8 94 55
Vaporcifier 10 ± 2 2.0 ± 0.3 90±2 75±5
“O” Carb 7±1 1.8±0.2 94±2 27±5
OBJECTIVE:- This experiment, an exterior emulsion paint formulation was taken and reformulated by
replacing 20% titanium dioxide on weight basis,
-6-
7. EXPERIMENTAL INTRODUCTION
The standard formulation content 60% by weight of TiO2 and calcium carbonate extender with average
particle size of 2 µm. means “O” Carb in this experiment 20% TiO2were replaced by weight by Vaporlite 90T
as per Table no. 2
The paint was made using a high speed disperser.
Table no. 1
Raw Materials Standard formulation Reformulation with
Vaporcifier & “O” Carb
Binder 306.3 312
TiO2 161.4 129.1
Talc 10 µ 161.4 102.3
Vaporcifier ----- 72.1
“O” Carb 110.2 120.8
Dispersing agent 2.8 2.9
Preservative 1.9 1.9
Defoamer 2.8 2.8
Wetting and dispersing agent 10.4 10.5
Thickener 100.6 101.8
Caustic soda, 10% aq. Sol. 1.9 1.9
Mineral spirit 9.5 9.6
Butyl diglycol acetate 7.6 7.7
Water 123.2 124.6
Total 1000.0 1000.0
Technical Data
PVC % 50.0 50.0
Solid content %wt. 58.4 58.0
Density (Liquid paint) g/cm3 1.45 1.43
Results
Brightness 89.3% 88.6%
Yellowness Index 1.6 2.4
Contrast ratio 94.3% 94.5%
Cost reduction
Weight % ---- 4.6
By volume % ---- 5.7
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8. CONCLUSION
The partial replacement of titanium dioxide by Vaporcifier and “O” Carb in exterior emulsion paint offers
cost savings without affecting the optical or weathering properties adversely.
EXPERIMENT NO. 2
REPLACEMENT OF SYNTHETIC ALUMINIUM SILICATE AND PRECIPITED CALCIUM CARBONATE BY
VAPORLITE 90T AND “O” CARB
Table no. 2
Raw Material Standard Formulation Reformulation with
Vaporlite 90T & “O” Carb
TiO2 123.5 120
“O” Carb/Micron Carb 2µ 200.1 193
Ppt. Calcium Carbonate 96.6 ------
Vaporlite 90T ------ 169.1
Aluminium Silicate 24.1 ------
Talc 100.8 93.3
Styrene acrylate (50% solids) 148.5 110
Water and additives 306.4 314.6
Total 1000.0 1000.0
Physical Properties
PVC % 72.54 79.54
Volume solids content % 40.22 40.22
Optical properties of Finished Paint Film
Covering power % 94.8 95.2
Brightness (green filter) 88.8 87.8
Gilsonite porosity 16.5 12.8
CONCLUSION
Aluminium silicate can be replaced by an ultrafine, white, natural calcium carbonate as “O” Carb and Vaporlite
90T. The lower binder absorption of the Vaporlite 90T allows the PVC to be increased so that the final paint
has the same optical properties as the original. This offers substantial financial savings.
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9. EXPERIMENT NO. 3
REPLACEMENT OF SYNTHETIC ALUMINIUM SILICATE BY CALCINED CLAY, VAPORIFIER,
VAPORLITE 90T AND “O” CARB.
EXPERIMENTAL INTRODUCTION
It is evident from the technical data of extenders both calcined clay and synthetic aluminium silicate have
much higher oil and hence binder absorptions than Vaporlite 90T. This means that the PVC can be increased
somewhat when they are replaced by Vaporlite 90T without fear of mud-cracking.
The steps taken in such a reformulation are given below:.
1. Replacement of the extenders with higher binder absorptions e.g. synthetic aluminium silicate and
calcined clay by Vaporlite 90T.
2. Increasing the PVC by 10 percentage points whilst maintaining the volume solids content by increasing
the Vaporlite 90T content and reducing the binder volume.
3. Measurement of the brightness, opacity and porosity comparing these values with the standard
formulation.
4. Fine tuning by mixing the paints.
TECHNICAL DATA
Extender Top Cut Average Brightness Oil Specific
(µm) Particle size (DIN 53 Absorption Surface
(µm) 163, C/2°) (Gm/100gm) Area (BET)
Ry (Green (m2/gm)
Filter)
Synthetic -- 0.2 95 160 100
agglomerated
aluminium
silicate
“O” Carb 7±1 1.8±0.2 94±2 27±5 5-6
Vaporlite 90T 4±1 0.9±0.2 92±2 35±5 12-15
Vaporcifier 10 ± 2 2.0 ± 0.3 90±2 75±5 22-25
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10. Table No. 3
Raw Material Standard Formulation in kg Reformulation with
Vaporlite 90T & “O” Carb
Copolymer vinyl acetate acrylate 244 180
emulsion, 50%
Titanium dioxide rutile 135 108
Calcined clay- Glazex 90 53.8 53.8
Synthetic aluminium silicate 36 ----
Vaporcifier ---- 142.6
“O” Carb / Vaporlite 90T 79.3 58.2
Talc 72 68.3
Water and additives 379.9 389.1
Total 1000.0 1000.0
Physical Properties
PVC % 55 65
Solids content vol. % 31.5 31.5
Solids content wt. % 49.5 52
Density gm/ml 1.36 1.43
Optical properties of Finished Paint Film
Brightness % 89.1 88.7
Yellowness Index % 2.6 2.9
Opacity % 93.7 93.8
Sheen (85° angle) 6 7
Wet scrub resistance cycles >5000 >5000
Cost reduction
By Weight % ---- 30
By volume % ---- 8
CONCLUSION
Due to its special particle size distribution curve and low binder absorption, Vaporlite 90T can replace
extenders such as synthetic aluminium silicate and calcined clay.
The PVC of the paints containing Vaporlite 90T can be increased by 10 percentage points whilst maintaining
the volume solids content. The optical properties remain virtually unchanged. Substantial raw material savings
are possible. Using Indian price levels these are about 30% on weight basis and about 8% on a volume basis.
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11. EXPERIMENT NO. 4
REPLACEMENT OF REFINED CHINA CLAY BY VAPORCIFIER, VAPORLITE 90T AND “O” CARB.
EXPERIMENTAL INTRODUCTION
In our countries, water washed china clays are used in emulsion paints of medium PVC. The technical data of
a widely used china clay and Vaporlite 90T are compared. The lower binder absorption of Vaporlite 90T
allows the PVC to be increased by from 3-5 percentage points whilst maintaining the volume solids content.
The reformulation should take place in a number of steps:-
1. Replacement of the natural china clay by Vaporlite 90T
2. The PVC is increased by between 3 and 5 percentage points whilst maintain the volume solids content by
increasing the amount of Vaporlite 90T and reducing the volume of binder.
3. The brightness, opacity and wet scrub resistance are measured and compared with the standard
formulation.
4. Fine tuning by mixing the corresponding formulations.
TECHNICAL DATA
Extender Top Cut Average Brightness Oil Specific
(µm) Particle size (DIN 53 Absorption Surface
(µm) 163, C/2°) (Gm/100gm) Area (BET)
2
Ry (Green (m /gm)
Filter)
Refined China 5 0.9 85 35 11.2
clay
“O” Carb 7±1 1.8±0.2 94±2 27±5 5-6
Vaporlite 90T 4±1 0.9±0.2 92±2 35±5 12-15
Vaporcifier 10 ± 2 2.0 ± 0.3 90±2 75±5 22-25
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12. Table No. 4
Raw Material Standard Formulation in kg Reformulation with
Vaporlite 90T & “O” Carb
Terpolymer vynil chloride 197 180
emulsion 55%
Titanium dioxide rutile 148 146.5
“O” Carb/ Vaporlite 90T 175 167.5
Pigment 55 54.3
Refined China clay 100 -----
Vaporcifier ----- 124.5
Water and additives 325 327.2
Total 1000.0 1000.0
Physical Properties
PVC % 63.1 66.1
Solids content vol. % 38.0 38.0
Solids content wt. % 58.5 59.1
Density gm/ml 1.51 1.53
Optical properties of Finished Paint Film
Brightness % 87.5 88.0
Yellowness Index 5.1 4.2
Opacity % 96.4 96.5
Scrub resistance (DIN 53 778, 1 >5000 >5000
week) cycles
Sheen (85° angle) % 2 2
CONCLUSION
By increasing the PVC by 3 percentage points and replacing china clay by Vaporlite 90T, the brightness was
improved and also the yellowness index.
The opacity, scrub resistance and sheen remained unaltered.
Although the density of the finished paint increased by about 1%, savings in raw material costs (using
European prices) were more than 3% when calculated by volume and more than 5% when calculated by
weight.
EXPERIMENT NO. 5
REFORMULATION OF A HIGH GLOSS AIR-DRYING ENAMEL BY VAPORLITE 90T AND “O” CARB.
EXPERIMENTAL INTRODUCTION
The standard formulation contained 29% titanium dioxide and we found that we could replace 7.5% of this on
a volume basis by Vaporlite 90T and the resulting paint had the same optical and rheological properties as
the standard. The improved dispersion of the titanium dioxide by Vaporlite 90T resulted in a higher initial 20°
gloss than in the standard formulation. The paints were made using a high speed disperser.
Table No. 5
Raw Material Standard Formulation in kg Reformulation with
Vaporlite 90T & “O” Carb
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13. TiO2 %wt. 28.07 26.08
Vaporlite 90T %wt. --- 1.52
PVC % 20.3 20.3
Solid vol. % 48.6 48.6
Wt.% 66.8 66.6
Density gm/ml 1.26 1.26
Optical Properties ( After 2 days drying at 23°C)
Yellowness Index 2.9 2.9
Contrast ratio (45µm film) 97.9 97.4
Gloss
20° (after 2 days) % 85 86
20° (after 28 days) % 81 82
60° (after 2 days) % 91 92
60° (after 28 days) % 90 90
EXPERIMENT NO. 6
PARTIAL REPLACEMENT OF TITANIUM DIOXIDE IN A STOVING ENAMEL BY VAPORLITE 90T AND
“O” CARB.
EXPERIMENTAL INTRODUCTION
A further practical example involved high gloss short oil alkyd/melamine stoving enamel. The paint were made
using a high speed disperser. The initial formulation contained 29.5% titanium dioxide. We replaced 6% and
12% by volume. The paints were stoved at 120°C for 30 min. details are given in Table 6. The results indicate
that Vaporlite 90T helps to disperse the titanium dioxide better, allowing 5-10% of it to be replaced whilst
scarcely effecting the optical properties.
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14. Table No. 6
Raw Material Standard Reformulation 1 with Reformulation 2
Formulation in kg Vaporlite 90T with Vaporlite 90T
TiO2 %wt. 22.45 21.08 25.10
Vaporlite 90T %wt. --- 1.21 2.36
PVC % 20 20 10
Solid vol. % 41.0 41.0 41.0
Wt% 55.4 55.1 54.9
Density gm/ml 1.26 1.25 1.24
Optical Properties
Yellowness Index 2.4 2.3 2.2
Contrast ratio % 98.8 98.7 98.4
Gloss at 25% 99 97 97
20 MICRONS LTD can set up on site WGCC (WET GROUND CALCIUM CARBONATE) manufacturing plant
in your premises of having any proposed capacity of 1000mt/month. WGCC will get supply in slurry form
having 70% - 75% Solid Content through pipe line to your plant.
Fig 3.WET PROCESS PLANT
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15. Fig 4.ON SITE SATELITE PLANT
20 Microns Scope:-
Providing Un-interrupted supply WGGCC in slurry form as per the specification attached.
Provide the slurry at the dosage point in the 75% Solids.
Installation of the requirement Plant/Machinery and testing instruments at the site.
Regular running and maintenance of plant.
Storage tank for slurry.
ADVANTAGES OF WET GRINDING PROCESS
Wet ground calcium carbonate is superior to dry ground calcium carbonate.
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16. In wet process-due to floatation method it improves:
Colour of the material
Reduces impurity level
It helps to produce ultrafine mineral where uniform particle size distribution takes place which helps to
dispersion in the end use.
Advantage of wet ground CaCO3 over dry ground CaCO3
this application particle size plays major role to achieve end product’s performance ,wet ground process
gives the particles of 50 to 98% below 2 microns and it act as a spacers between tio2 particles leading to
increase the efficiency of tio2 in paint and coating application Due to controlled & uniform particle size
distribution, it -
Improves Following Properties:
* Excellent opacity with high gloss
* High brightness of end product
* Spacing TIO2 and color pigments
* Efficient extenders to white pigments
* Outstanding dispersion properties in water and solvent based paint
CONCLUSION
Suitably new generation fine calcium carbonate extenders help to disperse pigments better, thus increasing
the efficacy. This allows the quantity of pigment used to be reduced without affecting the optical and
rheological properties but allowing interesting raw material cost savings.
INOVATIVE PRODUCTS IN-TRANSIT
1. Low specific gravity Calcined Kaolin – We are in process to lunch low specific gravity with value of
2.0 -2.1 calcined kaolin compare with exciting specific gravity of 2.6.
2. Inorganic co-thickener – Hydrogel 90T a white inorganic co-thickener which having brightness of
85% against exciting trend of 65% brightness.
3. Low cost synthetic Red Oxide
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
The authors wish to express their gratitude to Dr. Atul Joshi, Reader, Dept. of Geology, M.S.Univ. Baroda,
Gujarat, Dr.V.S.Patel, Director SICART, S.P.Univ.,V.V.Nagar, Anand, Gujarat, Mr.T.K.Dan,Scientist and
Head, Testing & Calibration Cell, CGCRI, Kolkata & Dr. Harendra Nath, IIT, Mumbai for providing valuable
guidance & necessary facilities.
REFERENCES
1. Paper published on “ FUNCTINAL EXTENDERS AND THEIR ROLE IN MODERN PAINTS by Shree C.
S. Parikh (Chairman 20 Microns Limited).
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17. 2. Paper published on “CHARCTERISATION OF EXTENDERS BY MODERN TECHNIQUES AND ITS
CORRELATION WITH PROPERTIES by V. M. Natu ( Paint Consultant).
3. Paper published on “ IMPORTANCE OF EXTENDERS IN PAINT AND COATING FORMULATION” by Dr.
K. Srinivasan (Ex-ICI india Limited)
4. Experiment and formulations details provided by 20 Microns technical center.
5. Product performance details provided by Indian Major Paint Industry
6. Ciullo, P.A. (ed.), Industrial Minerals and Their Uses, Noyes Publications, Westwood, NJ, 1996
7. Adams Reg, Artikol Ltd., Journal on Alternative White Pigments and TiO2 Extender for Coatings, Paper
and Plastic by Intertech, USA on November 8 –10, 2000
8. Hocken Jorg, Sachtleben Chemie GmbH, Journal on Alternative White Pigments and TiO2 Extender for
Coatings, Paper and Plastic by Intertech, USA on November 8 –10, 2000, PP 1 – 10
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