This technical presentation discusses improving water resistance in paints and coatings through the use of rheology additives. It introduces Coatex, a world leading producer of waterborne rheology additives with over 40 years of experience. The presentation covers dispersing theory, introduces various dispersant products like Coadis and Ecodis, and provides case studies demonstrating how these additives improve properties like water resistance, scrub resistance, tinting strength and acid rain resistance in different paint formulations. It concludes that water resistance can be improved by optimizing pigment dispersion with efficient and hydrophobic dispersants like Coadis 123K which improve film surface hydrophobicity and water repellency.

1. Technical presentation
Improve Water Resistance with
Rheology Additives

2. Add a drop of rheology to your paints and coatings
Improve Water Resistance with Coatex
Rheology Additives
China Coat
December 2014
Michelle Shen

3. 3
Water resistance: what are we talking about?
As a result of regulatory changes, new paint formulations are required to meet
low-VOC regulations.
The reduction in VOC, the lack of coalescent aids are contributing factors to
poor water resistance properties.
Water resistance of the film can be increase by the use of use specific
binders and a lower pigment volume concentration (PVC) but also by the use of an
efficient and hydrophobic dispersing agent.

4. 4
 World leading designer and producer of waterborne
Rheology Additives
 Entirely dedicated to water based processes and
formulations with minerals
 More than 40 years of experience in Rheology
Coatex – Arkema group

5. 5
Coat、Ink、adhesive
RHEOTECHTM, COAPURTM
VISCOATEXTM, ECODISTM
COADISTM
Paper
TOPSPERSETM, RHEOCOATTM
RHEOCARBTM
Construction
ETHACRYLTM, RHEALISTM
Detergent
RHEOSOLVETM
Our Brand
RHEOSPERSETM
Mineral process

6. 6
Content
 Dispersing theory
 Dispersant introduction
 Case studies
 Wrap up

7. 7
I. Pigment Dispersing Process
Wetting Dispersing Stabilizing

8. 8
ZETA Theory : Stabilization
Definition：
Particles surface were coverd with charges. These charges help to increase the
thickness of the double layer charge and the surface ZETA potential. Then bigger
repulsion will occur and result to better dispersion between particles.
Repulsion between particles
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Zeta high
excellent stability
Zeta low
Flocculation
Aggregate
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9. 9
Steric and Ionic Dispersants
Ionic Dispersants
Steric Dispersants
(comb polymers)
d
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E
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dc
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Repulsive energy between particles depends on the nature of the dispersant
In can long term pigment
stabilization
Prevents flocculation and
acceleration of settling
Maintains steric spacing and
best pigment positioning for
opacity until the latest phases
of film drying
dc

10. 10
Coadis™ and Ecodis™
Fillers
Oxide
pigments
Coarse Fine
CaCO3 CLAY TiO2 ZnO Fe2O3
Ecodis™ P 90
Ammonium salt
WaterResistance
Ecodis™ P 30
Sodium salt
Organic
pigment
Coadis™ 123 K
Potassium salt
Coadis™ BR 3
Potassium salt
GlossMatt Eggshell Satin Semi gloss
Coadis™ BR 85
+-
Pigment
Paste

11. 11
Case Studies
 Interior wall paints PVC=40%
● Tinting strength
● Scrub resistance
● Stain resistance
 Exterior wall paints PVC=60%
● Early water resistance
● Acid rain resistance
 Exterior primer
● Alkali burnout and Salting out resistance
 Coadis™ and Ecodis™, the right dispersant for every situation

12. 12
Amount/g
Ingredient Function Reference Coadis 123K
grinding Water Water 13.20 13.20
Biocide Biocide 0.17 0.17
AMP 95 pH adjuster 0.46 0.46
Dispersant1 Dispersant1 1.06 0.50
Coadis 123K Dispersant2 0.00 0.50
CF 246 defoamer 0.18 0.18
R996 pigment 17.60 17.60
CC-700 pigment 11.44 11.44
MXK-201 filler 11.44 11.44
Let down Texanol coalescent 1.06 1.06
Encor 662 emulsion 38.71 38.71
CF 246 defoamer 0.18 0.18
Water 水 3.65 3.15
Rheotech 3800 thickener 0.53 0.53
Coapur 2025 thickener 0.35 0.35
Total 100.00 100.00
PVC=40%interiorwallpaint

13. 13
Color development
Test results
After finger rub up test,
there is no color
changing on the panel
with 123K for the
tested three color
ΔE of paint with 123 K are
all lower than 0.5
which are better than
that of reference paint.
Tinting strength of
formulas with 123K is
better than that of
general salt dispersant.
Reference Coadis 123K

14. 14
Tinting Strength
Tinting Strength
96%
97%
98%
99%
100%
101%
102%
103%
104%
105%
106%
107%
Reference 123 K Reference 123 K Reference 123 K
Reference
123 K
Reference
123 K
Reference
123 K
Tinting strength of reference paint is 100% and as the std., higher than 100% is better and
lower than 100% is worse.

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Stain Resistance
Basic processes:
Tests initial whiteness of panels marked as Y0.
Drops 5 liquid stains and brush 1 solid stain on the panels, after 2 hours, moves away
stains by water and tissue.
Uses GB scrub machine and 2% washing powder solution as media, brushes 200
times and dries.
Tests whiteness of panels marked as Y1.
Anti stain resistance ability: X=Y1/Y0*100%.

16. 16
Scrub Resistance
Scrub resistance of 123K is much better than that of general salt dispersant.
Scrub resistance(ASTM,SC-II)
0
100
200
300
400
500
600
700
800
900
reference 123 K
123 K reference
64% PVC interior wall paint

17. 17
Amount/g
Ingredient Function Reference Coadis 123K
Grinding Water Water 19.00 19.00
Biocide Biocide 0.15 0.15
Dispersant Dispersant 1 0.60 0.00
Coadis 123K Dispersant 2 0.00 1.50
PG
Anti Freeze-thaw
agent
1.60 1.60
Surfactant Surfactant 0.50 0.50
Texanol coalscent 1.50 1.50
CF 246 defoamer 0.40 0.40
R996 pigment 15.00 15.00
KTY-1 filler 8.00 8.00
MXK-201 filler 14.00 14.00
250HBR thickener 0.40 0.40
Let down pH adjuster pH adjuster 0.20 0.20
Water Water 9.05 8.15
Encor 2741 binder 21.00 21.00
Celocor Opaque polymer 8.00 8.00
CF 246 defoamer 0.40 0.40
Rheotech 3800 thickener 0.20 0.20
60%PVCexteriorwallpaint

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Color development
Coadis 123K reference

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Performance additives: Coadis™ dispersants
123K Reference
Early rain resistance
Not resistantHighly resistant

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Acid rain resistance
Basic processes:
Prepare acid rain solution
by nitric acid and
sulfuric acid and keep
pH value to 3.5.
Mix paint with 4% iron red
and brush paint on
cement panels with
200um film.
Put panel lying on the wall
and drop acid rain
solution on the panel
for at least 40 times.
And then to find there is
any difference on the
panel.
123K Ammonium salt

21. 21
Tinting strength
Tinting Strength
80%
90%
100%
110%
120%
130%
Reference 123 K Reference 123 K Reference 123 K
Reference
123 K
Reference
123 K
Reference
123 K

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Exterior Primer PVC=40%
Amount/g
Ingredient Function Reference Coadis 123K
Grinding Water Water 20.00 20.00
LXE Biocide 0.10 0.10
Dispersant Dispersant 1 0.50 0.00
Coadis 123K Dispersant 2 0.00 0.80
AMP 95 pH adjuster 0.10 0.10
PG
Anti Freeze-thaw
agent
1.99 1.99
Texanol Coalescent 2.30 2.30
CF 246 Defoamer 0.10 0.10
LF-45 Wetting 0.15 0.15
R996 Pigment 4.50 4.50
MS 800 Filler 26.00 26.00
250HBR Thickener 0.60 0.45
Let down Water Water 10.46 10.31
Encor 2470 Binder 33.00 33.00
CF 246 Defoamer 0.20 0.20
Total 100.00 100.00

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Alkali burnout and Salting out resistance
123K Ammonium salt Basic processes:
Brush 0.4 g PVA-iron blue
solution on the primer, use
paraffin to band the edge.
Put the cement panels into the
alkali and salt resistance
solution, and solution would
not exceed the surface of
primer.
After 24hs, to observe the
surface of panel, if the iron
blue doesn’t turn from blue to
white, it is called “no
abnormality”.

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Trim paint
Amount/g
Ingredient Function Reference Coadis 123K
Grinding Water Water 49.0 49.0
Reference Dispersant1 3.0
CODIS 123K Dispersant2 7.0
BYK-025 Defoamer 2.0 2.0
R960 Pigment 170.0 170.0
Let down SNAP 2142 Emulsion 570.0 570.0
Rocima 640 Biocide 5.0 5.0
AMP-95 pH adjuster 5.0 5.0
BYK-025 Defoamer 1.0 1.0
texanol Coalescent 13.0 13.0
Water Water 157.0 153.0
Rheotech 3800 Thickener 6.0 6.0
Rheotech 2000 Thickener 19.0 19.0
Total 1000.0 1000.0

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gloss
20° 60° 85° block resistance water resistance
CODIS 123K 34.0 73.9 93.9 A-0 good
ECODIS P90 19.2 65.9 92.0 A-0 good

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Coadis 123 other application
 Wood coating
 Muti-color paint
 Industrial paint
 ….

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Conclusion
 The different concerns linked to water resistance
Scrub resistance
Snail traces
Washability
Easy to clean
Early rain resistance
Extending painting season

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Conclusion
 How to improve water resistance?
Improve hydrophobicity
Optimize pigment dispersion
by using an efficient
and hydrophobic
dispersing agent
Coadis™ 123 K
Improve the surface of the film
Increase water repellency

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30. Let’s visit us at the Arkema booth (n°10.2B25-40)
for technical discussions and exchanges.
Chinacoat
December 2014
Thank you for your attention!