Conference synthesis: Summary & Recommendations Friday 3 February 2017

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Conference synthesis:
Summary & Recommendations
Friday 3 February 2017

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• Pre-conference: 29 – 31 January 2017
– 34 side meetings
– 6 field trips
• Main conference 1 – 3 February 2017
– 3 Keynote addresses
– 4 plenary sessions
– 19 parallel sessions
– 4 Launches: books, program + 53 poster presentation
– Art contest
• Total registered participants,
– 72 countries; 888 participants (F 46%, M 50%, NA 4%)
Conference programme structure

3. Profile: moderators/speakers/panelists, 2017
23 Plenary & parallel sessions
Chairs/moderators 21
Speakers 35
Panelists 78
Total 134
WHO Regions Organization
60
74
0
20
40
60
80
Female Male
Gender
20
22
29
36
26
1
0
10
20
30
40
Africa America Europe SEA WP Other
28
22
17
14
44
9
0
10
20
30
40
50
Academic Public UN Bilat NGO/CSO Others

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1. Who are the vulnerable population
and socially excluded?

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Several attributes
Source: World Bank. 2013. Inclusion Matters: The Foundation for Shared Prosperity
(Advance Edition)

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The consequences of social exclusion
• The consequences of social exclusion are enormous
• The vulnerable are often invisible in the society in
which they live
• Their social exclusion is associated with
– Low social standing,
– Poverty
– Low human capital endowments
– Restricted access to employment and services
– Lack of voice

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2. The pain and suffering of refugees
• In 2015, IOM estimated that 65 million
persons are forcibly displaced due to conflicts;
– 21 million are refugees,
– 34 million are internal displaced persons and
– 10 million are stateless people whose existence is
not acknowledged by any nation state.
• Natural disasters result in an additional 19
million being displaced

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2. The pain and suffering of refugees
Source: Slide presentation of Paul B. Spiegel at PMAC 2017, 2nd
Feb 2017

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“Humanitarianism is not a tool to end war or to
create peace. It is a citizens' response to
political failure. It is an immediate, short-term
act that cannot erase the long-term necessity of
political responsibility.”
James Orbinski
MSF International President
at the Acceptance Speech for the Nobel Peace
Prize in 1999

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3. The Plights of migrants
IOM estimates around 1 billion migrant worldwide
International
migrants
25%
Internal migrants
75%

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3. The Plights of migrants
• Main drivers of migration e.g.
– Economic disparity across rich and poor countries
– Demographic imbalances
• The global north with a low fertility rate and labour
shortage
• The global south with labour surplus

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3. The Plights of migrants
• Main drivers of xenophobia and violence
against this group
– Stereotyping
– Public discourse which discriminate against
migrants
• Migrant friendly policy towards Syrian
refugees in Turkey contributes to improved
economic wellbeing of both the migrants and
the host country

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3. The Plights of migrants
• High fees of sending money home to their families,
7.5% of total remittances
• In 2015 the worldwide remittance flows
– 134 billion US$ from the United States to other countries
– Cutting transfer charges by at least 5 percentage points
can save up to 16 billion US$ a year
• The SDG target 10.c
– Less than 3% the transaction costs of migrant remittances
– Eliminate remittance corridors with costs higher than 5%

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4. Persons with disability
• The UN Convention on the Rights of Persons with
Disability (UNCRPD)
– shifted paradigm from medico-charity to a social model of
disability
• A need for harmonization with other conventions
such as
– The Convention on Child Rights, the Convention on the
Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination against Women
(CEDAW)
• Majority of State Parties ratified The UNCRPD (168)
and the CEDAW (187)
– However, government’s capacity to implement the
national laws

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4. Persons with disability
• A survey in 2010 by the Disabled People's
International (DPI) Women's Network Japan
– “I was sexually molested by my mom’s boyfriend. While he
was assisting me during my bath time, he touched my
breasts and other parts of my body. It was horrible. I told
my mom but she did not believe me. That was even
worse.”
– “I somehow managed to get a job, but my boss asked me
to go out for a drink. I got drunk and fell asleep. He then
took me to a hotel and raped me. Afterwards, he
repeatedly forced me to have sex with him.”

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5. Ethnic minorities
• Ethnic minorities worldwide are violated of
– Their human rights
– Their rights to their land
– Their culture
– Their religious and ritual practices.
• They are not recognized by their states, as they were
not recognized by their former colonial masters.
• The Stolen Generations history exemplifies the abuse
of ethnic minorities.

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6. Stigma and violence stemming
from sexual orientation and HIV/AIDS
• The classic presentation of multiple vulnerabilities
– Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual and Transgender (LGBT) and those affected by
HIV/AIDS and TB
• Social attitudes and criminalization in certain states exacerbate
the exclusion of LGBT, and those affected by HIV/AIDS and TB.
• Stigma
– marks people as different and as disgraced.
– denies individuals their dignity, respect and right to fully participate in
their community.
– manifests in discriminatory and sometimes violent treatment of people
living with HIV, their families and others affected by HIV.
• Stigma and social exclusion takes place in families,
communities, employment opportunities, and education and
healthcare settings.

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6. Stigma and violence stemming
from sexual orientation and HIV/AIDS
• The negative attitudes towards persons with HIV/AIDS result
in extreme statements that majority groups find no hesitation
in voicing, such as:
– People with HIV should be jailed and people with HIV are immoral.
• The negative consequences for the individual are clear, but
such responses to internalized stigma also undermine familial
and community networks and represent a great waste of
states’ social capital.
• Efforts to increase public awareness and encourage the
proper understanding of HIV/AIDS, through campaigns by
UNAIDS, Civil Society Organisations and other partners, have
contributed greatly to minimizing the stigmatization of
HIV/AIDS, though uneven progress is apparent.

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7. The solution stream:
a long march towards social inclusion
Source: World Bank. 2013. Inclusion Matters: The Foundation for Shared Prosperity
(Advance Edition)

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7.1 The role of state actors –
political commitment
1. Recognise the issues and strengthen their capacities
• to identify the socially excluded, to devise effective inter-
sectoral policies and actions to progressively realize social
inclusion, and to monitor progress and reformulate
effective actions.
• These state responses must be framed within human right
principles.
1. Increase opportunities for inclusion in markets,
services, and spaces, for the socially excluded.
2. Strengthen and sustain institutional capacities to
implement the various Conventions and other
international human right instruments, in order to
progress towards social inclusion.

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7.1 The role of state actors –
political commitment
4.Strengthen policy and practice to reduce all
types of stigma and discrimination in all
settings, - labour and employment, education,
and health-care settings.
5.Improve legal and policy responses, and crack
down on all types of violence related to
stigma and discrimination.
6.Recognize the intersections of multiple
vulnerability attributes and devise effective
intersectoral actions for social inclusion.

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7.2 The role of health sector
• Demand side financing, such as the use of
conditional cash transfers
– Need monitoring and ensuring sustainability
• The provision of dignified and respectful services
• Anti-stigma interventions should be embedded in
cohesive national HIV policy and program responses.
• Effective dialogues between community and health
care providers can encourage “collaborative
governance for health” and enhances the
accountability of providers and the state to citizens

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7.2 The role of health sector
• Health professional education should be
transformed in both institutional and
instructional dimensions
• “socially accountable health workforce”
• Providing greater opportunities for students
from socially excluded groups to train as
health professionals and be located in their
home communities.

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7.3 The role of scientific communities
• Scientific communities have important roles
to play. For example, they should:
– Develop greater understanding of stigma and
discrimination based on social identity.
– Understand the social dimension of and solutions
to “stereotyping” which generates stigma and
social exclusion
– Devise innovations for effective reduction of
stigma and discrimination.

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7.4 The role of non State Actors
• The Culture Centre of the Deaf in Mongolia has good
experiences in advocating for awareness of UNCRPD, it has
also contributed to the CRPD shadow report.
• The Disabled People's International (DPI) Women's Network
in Japan has addressed the multiple discriminations toward
women with disabilities, disability reform, and linkages
between CRPD and the CEDAW.
• The creation of the Tunaweza Children's Centre in Uganda,
which empowers children with special needs to reach their
full potential, was triggered by the “nodding syndrome”,
diagnosed since 1970s, which is endemic in certain countries
in Africa affected by the Black Flies and onchocerchiasis.
• More broadly, Civil Society Organisations have a critical role
to play in holding State Actors accountable, as in their parallel
report of the UNCRPD.

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8. Conclusion
Addressing social inclusion requires
–A top down approach from
responsive and accountable
governments, and
–A bottom up approach through an
active citizenship.

28. Session Rapporteur
Rapporteur coordinator: Walaiporn Patcharanarumol, Warisa Panichkriangkrai
Lead Rapporteur 1. Prof. Dame Anne Mills 2. Mr. Monthian Buntun
3. Dr. Maitreyi Bordia Das 4. Dr Jeff Johns 5. Dr Viroj Tangcharoensathien
1 Aaron Schubert 25 Khunjira Udomaksorn 48 Rodley DesmondDaniel Carza
2 Aree Jampaklay 26 Lokachet Tanasugarn 49 Sangay Wangmo
3 Aries Valeriano 27 Ma. Elena G. Filio-Borromeo 50 Saowaluk Srikajornlarp
4 Athip Tanaree 28 Marie T. BENNER 51 Saowaros Kongcheep
5 Banthida Komphasouk 29 Mariko Shimomaki 52 Saya Uchiyama
6 Bowwarn Juengwattanasirikul 30 Melanie Santillan 53 Shaheda Viriyathorn
7 Brianna Harrison 31 Merla Rose Reyes 54 Shneha Acharya
8 Candyce Silva 32 Nateetorn Maneeploypetch 55 Sirinard Nipaporn
9 Charay Vichathai 33 Nguyen Hoang My Thuyen 56 Sirinart Tongsiri
10 Chieko Matsubara 34 Nimali Widanapathirana 57 Siriwan Limsakul
11 Donruedee Srisuppaphon 35 Nissara Spence 58 Somil Nagpal
12 Ei Ei Aung 36 Nobuaki Inoue 59 Suchunya Aungkulanon
13 Eri Fujita 37 Noppakun Thammatacharee 60 Suhong Deesamer
14 Hitomi Kimura 38 Noppawan Piaseu 61 Suladda Pongutta
15 Luo Hongye 39 Orana Chandrasiri 62 Suphanna Krongthaeo
16 Hui Sin Teo 40 Orarat Wangpradit 63 Surangrat Jiranantanagorn
17 Ines Keygnaert 41 Pattarawalai Talungchit 64 Tamsin Fernandez-Cox
18 Inthira Yamabhai 42 Piyawan Kanan 65 Thitiporn Sukaew
19 Jittinee Khienvichit 43 Polathep Vichitkunakorn 66 Trassanee Chatmethakul
20 Jurairat Phromjai 44 Prasinee Mahattanatawee 67 Vasinee Singsa
21 Kan Kledmanee 45 Prin Vathesatogkit 68 Wachara Riewpaiboon
22 Kanokwaroon Watananirun 46 Raoul Bermejo 69 Waraporn Suwanwela
23 Karin Fukatani 47 Rapeepong Suphanchaimat 70 Woranan Witthayapipopsakul
24 Kazuki Miyazaki

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Thank you for your attention