SYBSC(CS)_WCIOT_Sem-II-Unit 4 Iot Applications .pdf

Unit 4
IoT Applications
Prepared By:
Shubhangi Gaikar

Outline
IoTApplications for :
• Home
• Cities
• Environment
• Energy Systems
• Retail
• Logistics
• Industry
• Agriculture
• Health & Lifestyle

Home Automation
IoT applications for smart homes:
o Smart Lighting
oSmart Appliances
o Intrusion Detection
o Smoke / Gas Detectors

Home Automation
Smart Lighting
• Smart lighting achieve energy savings by sensing the human movements and their environments
and controlling the lights accordingly.
• Key enabling technologies for smart lighting include :
- Solid state lighting (such as LED lights)
- IP-enabled lights
• Wireless-enabled and Internet connected lights can be controlled remotely from IoT
applications such as a mobile or web application.

Home Automation
Smart Appliances
• Smart appliances make the management easier and provide status information of appliances to the
users remotely. E.g: smart washer/dryer that can be controlled remotely and notify when the
washing/drying cycle is complete.
• OpenRemote is an open source automation platform for smart home and building that can control
various appliances using mobile and web applications.
• It comprises of three components:
- a Controller → manages scheduling and runtime integration between devices.
- a Designer → allows to create both configuration for the controller and user interface designs.
- Control Panel → allows to interact with devices and control them.

Home Automation
Smoke / Gas Detectors
• Smoke detectors are installed in homes and buildings to detect smoke that is typically an early sign of fire.
• It uses optical detection, ionization or air sampling techniques to detect smoke
• The form of the alert can be in form :
• Signals that send to a fire alarm system
• Gas detector can detect the presence of harmful gases such as carbon monoxide (CO), liquid petroleum
gas (LPG), etc.
Intrusion Detection
• Home intrusion detection systems use security cameras and sensors to detect intrusions and raise alerts.
• The form of the alerts can be in form:
- SMS
- Email
- Image grab or a short video clip as an email attachment

Cities
IoT applications for smart cities:
1. Smart Parking
2. Smart Lighting for Road
3. Smart Road
4. Structural Health Monitoring
5. Surveillance
6. Emergency Response

Cities
Smart Parking
• Finding the parking space in the crowded city can be time consuming and frustrating
• Smart parking makes the search for parking space easier and convenient for driver.
• It can detect the number of empty parking slots and send the information over the Internet to the
smart parking applications which can be accessed by the drivers using their smartphones, tablets,
and in car navigation systems.
• Sensors are used for each parking slot to detect whether the slot is empty or not, and this
information is aggregated by local controller and then sent over the Internet to database.

Cities
Smart Lighting for Roads
• It can help in saving energy
• Smart lighting for roads allows lighting to be dynamically controlled and also adaptive to ambient
conditions.
• Smart light connected to the Internet can be controlled remotely to configure lighting schedules and
lighting intensity.
• Custom lighting configurations can be set for different situations such as a foggy day, a festival, etc.
Smart Roads
• Smart Roads provides information on driving conditions, travel time estimates and alerts in case of
poor driving conditions, traffic congestions and accidents.
• Such information can help in making the roads safer and help in reducing traffic jams
• Information sensed from the roads can be communicated via internet to cloud-based applications
and social media and disseminated to the drivers who subscribe to such applications.

Cities
Structural Health Monitoring
• It uses a network of sensors to monitor the vibration levels in the structures such as bridges and
buildings.
• The data collected from these sensors is analyzed to assess the health of the structures.
• By analyzing the data it is possible to detect cracks and mechanical breakdowns, locate the
damages to a structure and also calculate the remaining life of the structure.
• Using such systems, advance warnings can be given in the case of imminent failure of the
structure.

Cities
Surveillance
• Surveillance of infrastructure, public transport and events in cities is required to ensure safety and
security.
• City wide surveillance infrastructure comprising of large number of distributed and Internet
connected video surveillance cameras can be created.
• The video feeds from surveillance cameras can be aggregated in cloud-based scalable storage
solutions.
• Cloud-based video analytics applications can be developed to search for patterns of specific events
from the video feeds.

Cities
Emergency Response
• IoT systems can be used for monitoring the critical infrastructure cities such as buildings, gas, and
water pipelines, public transport and power substations.
• IoT systems for critical infrastructure monitoring enable aggregation and sharing of information
collected from lager number of sensors.
• Using cloud-based architectures, multi-modal information such as sensor data, audio, video feeds
can be analyzed I near real-time to detect adverse events.
• The alert can be in the form :
• Alerts sent to the public
• Re-rerouting of traffic
• Evacuations of the affected areas

Environment
IoT applications for smart environments:
1. Weather Monitoring
2. Air Pollution Monitoring
3. Noise Pollution Monitoring
4. Forest Fire Detection
5. River Flood Detection

Environment
Weather Monitoring
• It collects data from a number of sensor attached such as temperature, humidity, pressure, etc and
send the data to cloud-based applications and store back-ends.
• The data collected in the cloud can then be analyzed and visualized by cloud-based applications.
• Weather alert can be sent to the subscribed users from such applications.
• AirPi is a weather and air quality monitoring kit capable of recording and uploading information
about temperature, humidity, air pressure, light levels, UV levels, carbon monoxide, nitrogen dioxide
and smoke level to the Internet.
Air Pollution Monitoring
• IoT based air pollution monitoring system can monitor emission of harmful gases by factories and
automobiles using gaseous and meteorological sensors.
• The collected data can be analyzed to make informed decisions on pollutions control approaches.

Environment
Noise Pollution Monitoring
• Noise pollution monitoring can help in generating noise maps for cities.
• It can help the policy maker in making policies to control noise levels near residential areas, school
and parks.
• It uses a number of noise monitoring stations that are deployed at different places in a city.
• The data on noise levels from the stations is collected on servers or in the cloud and then the
collected data is aggregate to generate noise maps.
Forest Fire Detection
• IoT based forest fire detection system use a number of monitoring nodes deployed at different
location in a forest.
• Each monitoring node collects measurements on ambient condition including temperature, humidity,
light levels, etc.
• Early detection of forest fires can help in minimizing the damage.

Environment
River Flood Detection
• IoT based river flood monitoring system uses a number of sensor nodes that monitor the water level
using ultrasonic sensors and flow rate using velocity sensors.
• Data from these sensors is aggregated in a server or in the cloud, monitoring applications raise
alerts when rapid increase in water level and flow rate is detected.

Energy
IoT applications for smart energy systems:
1. Smart Grid
2. Renewable Energy Systems
3. Prognostics

Energy
Smart Grids
• Smart grid technology provides predictive information and recommendations to
utilize, their suppliers, and their customers on how best to manage power.
• Smart grid collect the data regarding :
➢ Electricity generation
➢ Electricity consumption
➢ Storage
➢ Distribution and equipment health data
• By analyzingthe data on power generation, transmission and consumption of smart grids can
improve efficiency throughout the electric system.
• Storage collection and analysis of smarts grids data in the cloud can help in dynamic optimization
of system operations, maintenance, and planning.
• Cloud-based monitoring of smart grids data can improve energy usage usage levels via
energy feedback to users coupled with real-time pricing information.
• Condition monitoring data collected from power generation and transmission systems can help
in detecting faults and predicting outages.

Energy
Renewable Energy System
• Dueto the variability in the output from renewable energy sources (such as solar and wind),
integrating them into the grid can cause grid stability and reliability problems.
• IoT based systems integrated with the transformer at the point of interconnection measure
the electrical variables and how much power is fed into the grid
• To ensure the grid stability, one solution is to simply cut off the overproductions.
Prognostics
• IoT based prognostic real-time health management systems can predict performance of machines
of energy systems by analyzing the extent of deviation of a system from its normal operating
profiles.
• In the system such as power grids, real time information is collected using specialized electrical
sensors called Phasor Measurement Units (PMU)
• Analyzing massive amounts of maintenance data collected from sensors in energy systems and
equipment can provide predictions for impending failures.

Retail
IoT applications in smart retail
systems:
1. Inventory Management
2. Smart Payments
3. Smart Vending Machines

Retail
Inventory Management
• IoT system using Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) tags can help inventory management and
maintaining the right inventory levels.
• RFID tags attached to the products allow them to be tracked in the real-time so that the inventory
levels can be determined accurately and products which are low on stock can be replenished.
• Tracking can be done using RFID readers attached to the retail store shelves or in the warehouse.
Smart Payments
• Smart payments solutions such as contact-less payments powered technologies such as Near
field communication (NFC) and Bluetooth.
• NFC is a set of standards for smart-phones and other devices to communicate with each other
by bringing them into proximity or by touching them
• Customercan store the credit card information in their NFC-enabled smart-phones and make
payments by bringing the smart-phone near the point of sale terminals.
• NFC maybe used in combination with Bluetooth, where NFC initiates initial pairing of devices
to establish a Bluetooth connection while the actual data transfer takes place over Bluetooth.

Retail
Smart Vending Machines
• Smart vending machines connected to the Internet allow remote monitoring of inventory levels,
elastic pricing of products, promotions, and contact-less payments using NFC.
• Smart-phone applications that communicate with smart vending machines allow user preferences
to be remembered and learned with time. E.g: when a user moves from one vending machine to
the other and pair the smart-phone, the user preference and favorite product will be saved and
then that data is used for predictive maintenance.
• Smart vending machines can be communicated with each others, so if a product out of stock in a
machine, the user can be routed to nearest machine
• For perishable items, the smart vending machines can reduce the price as the expiry date nears.

Logistic
IoT applications for smart logistic systems:
1. Fleet Tracking
2. Shipment Monitoring
3. Remote Vehicle Diagnostics

Logistics
Fleet Tracking
• Vehicle fleet tracking systems use GPS technology to track the locations of the vehicles in the real-
time.
• Cloud-based fleet tracking systems can be scaled up on demand to handle large number
of vehicles,
• The vehicle locations and routers data can be aggregated and analyzed for detecting bottlenecks I
the supply chain such as traffic congestions on routes, assignments and generation of alternative
routes, and supply chain optimization
Shipment Monitoring
• Shipment monitoring solutions for transportation systems allow monitoring the conditions inside
containers.
• E.g : Containers carrying fresh food produce can be monitored to prevent spoilage of food. IoT
based shipment monitoring systems use sensors such as temperature, pressure, humidity, for
instance, to monitor the conditions inside the containers and send the data to the cloud, where
it can be analyzed to detect food spoilage.

Logistics
Remote Vehicle Diagnostics
• It can detect faults in the vehicles or warn of impending faults.
• These diagnostic systems use on-board IoT devices for collecting data on vehicle operation such
as speed, engine RPM, coolent temperature, fault code number and status of various vehicle sub-
system.
• Modern commercial vehicles support on-board diagnostic (OBD) standard such as OBD-II
• OBD systems provide real-time data on the status of vehicle sub-systems and diagnostic trouble
codes which allow rapidly identifying the faults in the vehicle.
• IoT based vehicle diagnostic systems can send the vehicle data to centralized servers or the
cloud, where it can be analyzed to generate alerts and suggest remedial actions.

Agriculture
IoT applications for smart agriculture:
1. Smart Irrigation
2. Green House Control

Agriculture
Smart Irrigation
• Smart irrigation system can improve crop yields while saving water.
• Smart irrigation systems use IoT devices with soil moisture sensors to determined the amount of
moisture on the soil and release the flow of the water through the irrigation pipes only when the
moisture levels go below a predefined threshold.
• It also collect moisture level measurements on the server on in the cloud where the collected data
can be analyzed to plan watering schedules.
• Cultivar’s RainCould is a device for smart irrigation that uses water valves, soil sensors, and a WiFi
enabled programmable computer.

Agriculture
Green House Control
• It controls temperature, humidity, soil, moisture, light, and carbon dioxide level that are monitored
by sensors and climatological conditions that are controlled automatically using actuation devices.
• IoT systems play an importance role in green house control and help in improving productivity.
• The data collected from various sensors is stored on centralized servers or in the cloud where
analysis is performed to optimize the control strategies and also correlate the productivity with
different control strategies.

Industry
IoT applications in smart industry:
1. Machine Diagnosis & Prognosis
2. Indoor Air Quality Monitoring

Industry
Machine Diagnosis & Prognosis
• Machine prognosis refers to predicting the performance of machine by analyzing the data on
the current operating conditions and how much deviations exist from the normal operating
condition.
• Machine diagnosis refers to determining the cause of a machine fault.
• Sensors in machine can monitor the operating conditions such as temperature and vibration levels,
sensor data measurements are done on timescales of few milliseconds to few seconds which leads
to generation of massive amount of data.
• Case-based reasoning (CBR) is a commonly used method that finds solutions to new problems
based on past experience.
• CBR is an effective technique for problem solving in the fields in which it is hard to establish
a quantitative mathematical model, such as machine diagnosis and prognosis.

Industry
Indoor Air Quality Monitoring
• Harmfuland toxic gases such as carbon monoxide (CO), nitrogen monoxide (NO), Nitrogen
Dioxide, etc can cause serious health problem of the workers.
• IoT based gas monitoring systems can help in monitoring the indoor air quality using various
gas sensors.
• The indoor air quality can be placed for different locations
• Wireless sensor networks based IoT devices can identify the hazardous zones, so that
corrective measures can be taken to ensure proper ventilation.

Health & Lifestyle
IoT applications in smart health & lifestyle:
1. Health & Fitness Monitoring
2. Wearable Electronics

Health & Lifestyle
Health & Fitness Monitoring
• Wearable IoT devices allow to continuous monitoring of physiological parameters such as blood
pressure, heart rate, body temperature, etc than can help in continuous health and fitness
monitoring.
• It can analyze the collected health-care data to determine any health conditions or anomalies.
• The wearable devices may can be in various form such as:
• Belts
• Wrist-bands

Health & Lifestyle
Wearable Electronics
• Wearable electronics such as wearable gadgets (smart watch, smart glasses, wristbands, etc)
provide various functions and features to assist us in our daily activities and making us lead healthy
lifestyles.
• Using the smart watch, the users can search the internet, play audio/video files, make calls, play
games, etc.
• Smart glasses allows users to tae photos and record videos, get map directions, check flight status
or search internet using voice commands
• Smart shoes can monitor the walking or running speeds and jumps with the help of embedded
sensors and be paired with smart-phone to visualize the data.
• Smart wristbands can tract the daily exercise and calories burnt.

Challenges in IoT
Scalability
• The scalability of the Internet of Things points to the ability to add functions
and new tools for customers without affecting negatively the quality of
existing services.
• Adding the new operations and supporting the new tools is not easy
especially in the presence of a variety of various hardware platforms and
communication protocols.
• Internet of Things applications must be design again to provide extension
services and operations

Data Analysis
• Data analysis is the discovery of useful, potential, interesting and new patterns from large data sets and
applying new algorithms to extract hidden information.
• The goal of any data analysis process is to create a descriptive or predictive efficient model of huge volumes
of data.
• The great challenges occurs that the quantity of data is big and quality of data is low and the data are from
different data sources and inherently have many different types and shapes and generally unstructured.
• The first challenge is the access of extracting largescale data from multiple locations of storage data.
• We have to deal with multiple heterogeneous data and data noise; the big challenge is finding the faults and
correction the data is even more difficult task.
• In the areas of data analysis algorithms how to modify the traditional algorithms with big data environment is
a major challenge.
• The next challenge is finding incomplete and uncertain data to use with big data. In data analysis, a security
and effective solution to share the data between different systems and applications is one of the most
important challenges.

Privacy In Internet of things
• As we know, the individuals’ data in the hands of companies providing the
Internet of things service can lead to the misuse of customers’ information.
• Some solutions are, Privacy at the sensors means ensure of data accuracy and
integrity against external attacks and unauthorized access to the system.
• There are 10 sensors in the smart home that personal information put at the
disposal of particular individuals or groups, even people are controlled by spy
agencies.
• This is a severe and hard blow on technology body. A lot of people do not
like their personal information be shared with the others, but Internet of
Things sensors with not well security allow this.

Reliability
• Reliability refers to the proper functioning of system based on its characteristics.
• The objective of reliability is to increase the delivery of IOT.
• It is closely related to the availability; because we guarantee the reliability, the
availability of data and services over the time.
• When it comes to the field of applications with emergency response, the reliability
is even more critical and has more stringent requirements.
• In these systems, a vital part is the communication network that should be flexible
in the face with defects to fulfill distribution of the reliable information.
• Reliability should be implemented in all layers of hardware and software IoT.
• Communications should be reliable, In order to have efficient IOT.

Power consumption
• IoT technology needs continual power, and while battery power is one option, it isn’t always
economical.
• The expanding capabilities of IoT devices and increased interest in AI processing at the edge will
make power a priority for the foreseeable future.
• The multifunctionality of the Internet of Things (IoT) comes at a cost in terms of power. While
traditional battery power is the most obvious solution for remote applications, it’s not always
economical.
• Battery capacity may be insufficient for emerging IoT devices with burgeoning and networking
processing capabilities. In addition, there is concern about the cost of new batteries and the man-
hours required to service the devices.
• Even rechargeable batteries, which eventually need to be replaced, have a negative impact on the
environment. As businesses around the world become more environmentally conscious.
• Finally, access to continuous power from the power grid is not always possible. Whether it’s the
nature of the deployment, or the cost of connecting devices to a grid, accessing constant power is a
recurring challenge for many IoT systems.

Physical security
• When IT professionals talk about IoT security risks, most think about software and online hack
attempts. But hackers are resourceful and use any method necessary to gain access to devices
and networks, including physical device access.
• IoT physical security should be a consideration for all admins because devices provide another
entry point onto a network.
• Hackers can physically open an IoT device to gain access to the inner components, ports, pins
and circuitry and then connect to the entire network.
• IT managers should ensure their device security strategy includes physical security options and
features appropriate for the organization, such as disabling the device when attackers tamper
with it.
• The type of physical security needed for each device depends on the device type, where it's
placed in the network and what type of data it processes or transmits.
• As more devices are added to a corporate network, physical security may become a higher
priority and require regular review and maintenance.

Secure Connectivity
• The Internet of Things (IoT) is supposed to increase our ability to control and monitor the world around us in
an intelligent and often automated way.
• As these connected devices increase, and become ever more interconnected, the importance of security
increases.
• Investing in IoT connectivity for your business or home without security is like buying a car without locks.
• With IoT connectivity, the data collected is valuable, and could be used to compromise your business
without your even knowing it until it is too late.
• The diversity of the IoT market requires a flexible security framework and light touch regulation that
guarantees the security of the market while encouraging growth and successful development of the IoT.
Security risks most associated with IoT connectivity include:
1. Detection time: If IoT devices are unchecked for long periods, security threats and vulnerabilities may go
undetected, compounding the impact.
2. Single-purpose IoT devices can be less secure: The unsophisticated single-task nature of many IoT devices
can make it difficult to include security software.
3. Lack of certificate-based security
4. Unsecure data transmission

IOT based Smart Irrigation
System

Introduction
➢ India's population crossing 1.3 billion in 2016
➢ So balance between the optimum population growth and a healthy of
nation is far to be achieved.
➢ The rising population need for increased agricultural production
➢ Irrigated agriculture has been important source increased agricultural
production
➢ “IOT based smart irrigation system” is for to create an IOT base automated
irrigation mechanism which turns the pumping motor ON and OFF pass
command through IOT platform.

Objectives
➢To save water and reduce human
intervention in the agriculture field.
➢Continuously monitoring the status of soil
through sensors and provide signal for
taking necessary action.
➢To get the output of the sensor and provide
water to crop.
➢To observe parameters for better yield.

IoT (Internet of
Things):
➢ The Internet of Things (IoT) is the inter-networking of
“physical devices” also referred to as "connected devices"
and "smart devices”.
➢ Sometimes referred to as the Internet of Everything (IoE) and
Machine to Machine (M2M) communicating.
➢ IOT is expected to offer advanced connectivity of devices,
systems, and services that covers a variety of protocols,
domains, and applications

System Component: Hardware and
Software
 1. Arduino: It is an open-source platform based on easy-to-use hardware
and software:
➢Hardware :-Arduino
➢Arduino board designs use a variety of
microprocessors and controllers in
system
1) To read inputs - light on a sensor
2)To twitter message - and turn it into
an output - activating a motor
3) Turning on an LED

Software :-Arduino
(IDE= Integrated
Development
Environment)
 Use: Check Conditions:
 Writing Sketches: Programs written using
Arduino Software (IDE) are called sketches
 Upload: Compiles yourcodeand
uploads it to the configured board
 New: Creates a new sketch
 Save: Saves yoursketch
 Serial Monitor: File, Edit, Sketch, Tools,
Help

Window
Application
(Motor
Control)
➢This Window Application install in with:
Smartphone, tablets or Computers
➢Give command : ON/OFF from this type
of application
➢ GSM stands for Global System for
Mobile Communications
➢ GSM supports outgoing and incoming
voice calls, Simple Message System
(SMS ortext messaging), and data
communication .
GSM shield:

Rasp
berry
Pi 3:
which can do many of the things
➢This is a small, powerful and lightweight microcomputer
that a desktop PC can do

Soil
Moistur
e
sensor
➢Use: To measure the moisture content of the so
➢Copper electrodes are used to sense
the moisture content of soil.
Wireless water level detector sensor
➢Use:
The water level sensor mechanism to
detect and indicate the water level in an
water source.

.
➢Relays are switches that open and close Motors
Based on Command of Arduino
➢In a basic relay there are three contactors:
normally open (NO), normally closed (NC) and
common (COM). At ON input state, the COM is
connected to NC.
Submersible Motor Pump
➢A submersible pump is for water lifting.
Motor is connected with Raspberry PI 3
via Arduino.
Relay
Switch

How the system
works?
➢ Step 1:
 Login :( Enter Username/Password) and
 Give Command (ON/OFF) to your application
➢Step 2:
• IOT base platform: Collect and send all Analog data to GSM Shield
• GSM Shield connected in RP3 (Raspberry Pi 3)(Microcomputer)
• Now command(ON/OFF) command pass to RP3

Step
3:
Step 4:
Microcomputer (Raspberry Pi 3)
•RP3 is just like main controller of this system: Convert all analog data into digital form

Step
5:
➢Check Conditions:
1. If soil moisture content is greater than a fixed value,
then there is no need of irrigation
2. If the soil moisture content is less than a fixed value,
then start irrigation.
3. If the water reaches the prescribed point of water level,
then sensor gives data to system to stop the irrigation.
➢ Command sendsto Relay Module
Arduino software:
Step 6:

➢Raspberry Pi 3 Connected -Arduinogive command ON/OFF to
relay
➢Relays areswitches thatopenand close Motors Based on
Command of Arduino
Step 7:
➢ Now this GSM Shield connected
with microcomputer (RP3) access
digital data from RP3
➢ The Arduino GSM Shield SIM connect to
the internet send/receive SMS messages
from Smartphone and tablet or computer

Step
8:
Farmer is getting SMS:
•Motor: ON or OFF
•Current moisture content (Ex. 50%)
•Current water level (Ex: 90 DEPTH Feet)

Advantage
s
➢ Water Conservation
➢ Real-Time Data give
➢ Lowered Operation Costs
➢ Efficient and Saves Time
➢ Increase in productivity
➢ Reduce soil erosion and nutrient leaching

Challenge
s
➢ Complexity : The IOT is a diverse and complex network
➢ Privacy/Security:
➢ Lesser Employment of Manual Staff or unskilled workers:
➢ Equipment is costlier.
➢ Awareness of Indian farmer for this technology

Conclusio
n
➢ I conclude that this system is easy to implement and time, money and
manpower saving solution for irrigating fields.
➢ A farmer should visualize his agricultural land’s moisture content from time
to time and water level of source is sufficient or not. IOT based smart
irrigation system displays the values of the sensors continuously in smart
phone or on computer’s web page and farmer can operate them anytime
from and anywhere.

IOT based Smart Irrigation
System
Guided By:
Dr. J.V.Suthar
Presented By:
Krishna Vala

Case
stud
y:
➢ Manufacturers’ Association for Information Technology (MAIT)
➢ MAIT Industries head office is located in Melbourne, Australia.
➢ MAIT Industries provides innovative monitoring and irrigation control solutions

Software developed by MAIT:
➢ INTELLITROL-Radio telemetry irrigation control
➢ Network Control Program
– Remote network configuration from PC
– Remote re-routing of radio transmission paths directly from the PC
– Remote re-programming of field loggers
– Alarm notification settings
➢ The system provides real-time information :EX.:soil moisture, soil temperature and rainfall
➢ MAIT’s system also integrates a “rain switch “stopping irrigation when it rains

Conclusio
n
➢ this system is easy to implement and time, money and
manpower saving solution for irrigating fields.
➢ A farmer should visualize his agricultural land’s moisture content from time
to time and water level of source is sufficient or not. IOT based smart
irrigation system displays the values of the sensors continuously in smart
phone or on computer’s web page and farmer can operate them anytime
from and anywhere.

What is Smart Home Automation?
A home automation means developing a smart
automated system for a home that takes the charge
to control the home appliances, security systems,
lighting, entertainment systems, and climate over
the Internet connection.

Home automation has three major parts:
▪ Hardware
▪ Software/apps
▪ Communication protocols
▪ Each of these parts is equally important in building a truly smart home
experience for your customers. having the right hardware enables the ability
to develop your IoT prototype.
▪ A protocol selected with the right testing and careful consideration helps you
avoid performance bottlenecks that otherwise would restrict the technology
and device integration capabilities with sensors and IoT gateways.
▪ Another important consideration is the firmware that resides in your hardware
managing your data, managing data transfer, firmware updates, and
performing other critical operations to make things talk.

Let’s see these IoT-based home automation
statistics :
• Global smart home market size is expected to
reach 53.45 billion U.S. Dollars.
• By 2022, the total consumer spending on smart
home automation devices will reach up to 80
billion U.S. Dollars.
• This clearly states that the smart home
automation market is growing and we can see
that it has already started impacting our lives.

Introduction
• Reduce Energy Consumption.
• Smart Control System.
• Mobile phone Monitoring & Controlled System.
• 24/7 available!
• Improve comfort
• Fully open-source solution

Home automation sensors
There are probably thousands of such sensors out there that can be a part of this
list, but since this is an introduction towards smart home technology, we will
keep it brief. we will break down IoT sensors for home automation by their
sensing capabilities:
• temperature sensors
• lux sensors
• water level sensors
• air composition sensors
• video cameras for surveillance
• voice/sound sensors
• pressure sensors
• humidity sensors
• accelerometers
• infrared sensors
• vibrations sensors
• ultrasonic sensors
Depending upon what you need, you may use one or many of these to build a

Functional Overview
Controlling and Monitoring devices over the Internet
• Automatic light and Camera on/off by motion sensor.
• Main door open/close detection by magnetic door sensor.
• Automatic AC on/off by temperature sensor.
• Alarm when smoke detected by smoke sensor.
• Appliance controlled through mobile phone.
• Notification via Email & SMS.

Block Diagram
Online
dashboard
Mobile
application
Arduino
Motion
sensor
Smoke
sensor
Fan Alarm Camera Light
Door sensor
Temperatur
e sensor
Cloud

Components datasheet
• It has 14 digital input/output pins (of
which 6 can be used as PWM outputs)
• It has 6 analog inputs
• A16 MHz crystal oscillator.
• Output voltage is 5v
• Input voltage 5-12v
Arduino datasheet

Ethernet shield
•TheArduino Ethernet Shield allows anArduino
board to connect to the internet.
• It is based on the Wiznet W5100 Ethernet chip.
LEDs:
PWR: indicates board & shield are powered
LINK: indicates network link & flashes when the shield transmits or receives data
FULLD: indicates full duplex connection
100M: indicates the presence of a 100 Mb/s network connection (as opposed to 10 Mb/s)
RX: flashes when the shield receives data
TX: flashes when the shield sends data
COLL: flashes when network collisions are detected

Passive Infrared Motion sensor
Output: Digital pulse high (3V) when
triggered
Sensitivity range: up to 20 feet (6 meters)
Power supply: 5V-12V input voltage

Temperature sensor
• Its model number is DS18B20.
• Measures temperatures from -55°C to +125°C.
• Power supply range is 3.0V to 5.5V

Magnetic door sensor(MC-31)
Switch Type: NO circuit is connected when magnet is near the switch.

Smoke sensor
Character
 Good sensitivity to Combustible gas in wide range
 High sensitivity to LPG, Propane and Hydrogen
 Long life and low cost
Application
 Domestic gas leakage detector
 Industrial Combustible gas detector
 Portable gas detector

Advantages
• Saves electricity.
• Control home appliances form anywhere in the world.
• Quick response.
• You will receive a email or SMS for any activity.
• Helps for safety purpose.
• Monitoring 24/7.

Challenges
 Arduino burned
 LCD connection
 Damaged wires
 Poor internet connection
 Coding of temperature sensor
 Connection of door sensor

Applications of home automation
Rebuilding consumer expectations, home automation has been projected to target wide array
applications for the new digital consumer. some of the areas where consumers can expect to see home
automation led IoT-enabled connectivity are:
• lighting control
• lawn/gardening management
• smart home appliances
• improved home safety and security
• home air quality and water quality monitoring
• natural language-based voice assistants
• better infotainment delivery
• AI-driven digital experiences
• smart switches
• smart locks
• smart energy meters

https://forms.gle/bA2fJLccdNpn48cV8

SYBSC(CS)_WCIOT_Sem-II-Unit 4 Iot Applications .pdf

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