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Sustaining accessibility:
accessibility-related appraisal
objectives
Matthew Deeprose
Tamsyn Smith
Who we are
Matthew Deeprose
Senior Learning Designer
University of Southampton
Tamsyn Smith
Senior Learning Designer Team Lead
University of Southampton
2
Tamsyn Smith and Matthew Deeprose
You are the resistance
© Columbia Pictures Tamsyn Smith and Matthew Deeprose 3
Agenda
Describe the context
Our concept: accessibility-related appraisal objectives
Next steps
Tamsyn Smith and Matthew Deeprose 4
Resources
https://matthewdeeprose.github.io/objectives.html
Tamsyn Smith and Matthew Deeprose 5
UoS IT accessibility maturity scorecard
Criteria Yes / No
IT accessibility policy / strategy ☒ No
Accessibility considered in procurement ☑ Yes
Accessibility knowledge required in developer job descriptions ☑ Yes
Accessibility testing as part of change / release process ☒ No
KPIs or other metrics for accessibility ☒ No
Accessibility community of practice ☑ Yes
Established accessibility testing process ☒ No
Accessibility training relevant to IT roles ☒ No
Leadership buy-in for accessibility ☑ Yes
Tamsyn Smith and Matthew Deeprose 6
So what does that look like?
• Community of Practice
growing from the ground up.
• Introducing Ally in the
Education context raised
awareness.
• Ad-hoc requests for
accessibility consultancy.
• New IT services launched
with accessibility issues.
• Limited approach to CDDO
letter.
• Initiative fatigue?
Tamsyn Smith and Matthew Deeprose 7
More work?
Tamsyn Smith and Matthew Deeprose 8
What do we mean by sustaining accessibility?
Tamsyn Smith and Matthew Deeprose 9
Planning and Managing Web Accessibility 1
Initiate Plan Implement Sustain
10
Tamsyn Smith and Matthew Deeprose
Kotter’s Eight Steps
11
Anchor Anchor the Changes in Corporate Culture
Build on Build on the Change
Create Create Short-Term Wins
Remove Remove Obstacles
Communicate Communicate the Vision
Create Create a Vision for Change
Form Form a Powerful Coalition
Create Create Urgency
Tamsyn Smith and Matthew Deeprose
Lillian’s resources
Craig Abbott’s 3 pillars of accessibility
Compliance Culture
Education
Craig Abbott’s three pillars
of accessibility
Tamsyn Smith and Matthew Deeprose 13
Craig Abbott’s 3 pillars of accessibility 2
Compliance Culture
Education
Craig Abbott’s three pillars
of accessibility
Tamsyn Smith and Matthew Deeprose 14
DWP accessibility manual
Tamsyn Smith and Matthew Deeprose 15
DWP Guidance for your job role
Tamsyn Smith and Matthew Deeprose 16
Accessibility skills are in demand
Less than 3% of University tech programmes
include accessibility. *
63% of tech companies cannot staff
accessibility needs. **
93% say demand for accessibility skills will
increase in the future **
The number of job listings with “accessibility”
in the title increased by 78% in the year ended
in July from the last 12 months. ***
* Teach Access Institutions course list (coded), 2018
** Accessible Technology Skills Gap Report, PEAT,
2018.
*** Wall Street Journal, 2021
Tamsyn Smith and Matthew Deeprose 17
Examples
Examples 2
More training resources
Tamsyn Smith and Matthew Deeprose 20
Reaching across the organisation
“As a database
manager my job is to
make things as
inaccessible as
possible.”
Tamsyn Smith and Matthew Deeprose 21
Reaching across the organisation 2
“No, I never tested
the corporate site
with a keyboard”.
Tamsyn Smith and Matthew Deeprose 22
What do we mean by sustaining accessibility? 2
Tamsyn Smith and Matthew Deeprose 23
What opportunities are there every year?
Tamsyn Smith and Matthew Deeprose 24
Aiming toward building up to aspects of the “partnership” level of maturity identified
in McNaught / AbilityNet accessibility maturity model.
The idea
Create a bank of accessibility-
related appraisal objectives.
Can be used as is or
customised.
Based on different types of role,
e.g., technical roles, support
roles, administrative roles.
Based on different levels of
accessibility awareness and
skill of the individual.
Tamsyn Smith and Matthew Deeprose 25
Roles
Universal Developers Support
Specialists
Other *
Tamsyn Smith and Matthew Deeprose 26
Stages / Levels
General
awareness
Discovering
Exploring
Advocating /
Championing
1
2
3
4
Tamsyn Smith and Matthew Deeprose 27
Four levels?
Tamsyn Smith and Matthew Deeprose 28
What types of activities are under each stage?
General awareness
• Basic training
• Reviewing VPATs /
accessibility
statements.
• Observe how your
team culture
reflects inclusive
practices and
suggest
improvements.
Discovering
• Learning how to
run simple
accessibility tests.
• Create / review an
accessibility
statement.
• Prioritise
accessibility
defects.
Exploring
• Working with
service users who
have an
impairment or
disability.
• Refactor a
component for
accessibility.
Advocating /
Championing
• Share your
experiences with
another team.
• Speak at an
external event
about accessibility.
Tamsyn Smith and Matthew Deeprose 29
Agile Accessibility Handbook
Tamsyn Smith and Matthew Deeprose 30
Headings of each objective
Matthew Deeprose 31
Title Category
Description
(SMART)
What you
might do to
achieve this
Basic content
Do
• Discuss a
service your
team supports
with a user who
had a disability
or impairment.
in order to
• Identify what
works well or not
so well.
• Gain a better
understanding of
the types of
barriers the user
faces.
and
• Suggest an
action plan to
improve the user
experience and
discuss with the
team and user
community.
Tamsyn Smith and Matthew Deeprose 32
Example
Do
• Discuss a
service your
team supports
with a user who
has a disability
or impairment.
in order to
• Identify what
works well or not
so well.
• Gain a better
understanding of
the types of
barriers the user
faces.
and
• Develop an
action plan to
improve the user
experience and
discuss with the
team and user
community.
Tamsyn Smith and Matthew Deeprose 33
Your turn… 21
Tamsyn Smith and Matthew Deeprose 34
Your turn… 3
•As a ________,
•I will _________
•in order to ________
•and then with my team we will ________.
Tamsyn Smith and Matthew Deeprose 35
Your turn…
•As a person wanting general awareness,
•I will turn on accessibility checking in MS products
•in order to identify and resolve issues as I work
•and then with my team we will share experiences,
lessons and tips.
Tamsyn Smith and Matthew Deeprose 36
Your turn… 3
•As a ________,
•I will _________
•in order to ________
•and then with my team we will ________.
Tamsyn Smith and Matthew Deeprose 37
Level 1 (general awareness) examples
• Complete our basic level training course and…
For everyone
• Refresh basics using the Teach Access tutorial and…
• Give a 5 to 15-minute presentation within your team about an aspect of your
experience with accessibility and…
For developers
• Review the VPAT / Accessibility Roadmap for a service your team supports and…
• Review the accessibility statement of a service your team supports and…
For support specialists
Tamsyn Smith and Matthew Deeprose 38
Level 2 (discovering) examples
• Learn how to use the accessibility checking features in office and…
• Set up Outlook so that correspondents are alerted if they try to send you an email with
accessibility issues.
For everyone
• Test a site or component you have created using W3C Easy Checks and…
• Learn about three WCAG success criteria and their “sufficient techniques” and…
For developers
• Review local documentation / help guides for a service supported by your team for
accessibility and…
• Create an accessibility statement for a service supported by your team
For support specialists
Tamsyn Smith and Matthew Deeprose 39
Level 3 (exploring) examples
• Consider your own working practices and behaviours, identify how to change
them so that the work your produce is more accessible and…
For everyone
• Observe how a user with a disability or impairment uses your service, discuss
potential improvements and…
For developers
• Promote how assistive technology works with a service supported by your team
on Global Accessibility Awareness Day and…
For support specialists
Tamsyn Smith and Matthew Deeprose 40
Level 4 (advocating / championing) examples
• Share your accessibility lessons to the wider department, University, to an external
audience and…
For everyone
• Work with a level 5 software engineer or accessibility expert in a pair-programming
scenario and…
For developers
• Meet our Disability Staff Network, or Student Union, and reflect with them upon the
improvements your team has made to the accessibility of a service your team supports
and…
For support specialists
Tamsyn Smith and Matthew Deeprose 41
Pair programming
Tamsyn Smith and Matthew Deeprose 42
Progress
Done
• First draft of
• Universal Level 1
to 4 objectives.
• Developer Level 1
to 4 objectives
• Support Specialist
Level 1
objectives.
In progress
• Support Specialist
Level 2 to 4
objectives.
• Objectives for other
roles.
To do
• Review and quality
check objectives.
• Publish and raise
awareness.
• Monitor progress,
iterate and update
Tamsyn Smith and Matthew Deeprose 43
Challenges
Writing objectives is hard!
Will they be used?
How can we measure success?
Can we involve our user community more in writing them?
Tamsyn Smith and Matthew Deeprose 44
Opportunities
Wish to share with the wider community.
Already had some indications of management buy-in.
Promising potential.
Tamsyn Smith and Matthew Deeprose 45
What next?
46
Tamsyn Smith and Matthew Deeprose
Discussion
Tamsyn Smith and Matthew Deeprose 47

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Sustaining accessibility efforts through accessibility-related appraisal objectives

  • 2. Who we are Matthew Deeprose Senior Learning Designer University of Southampton Tamsyn Smith Senior Learning Designer Team Lead University of Southampton 2 Tamsyn Smith and Matthew Deeprose
  • 3. You are the resistance © Columbia Pictures Tamsyn Smith and Matthew Deeprose 3
  • 4. Agenda Describe the context Our concept: accessibility-related appraisal objectives Next steps Tamsyn Smith and Matthew Deeprose 4
  • 6. UoS IT accessibility maturity scorecard Criteria Yes / No IT accessibility policy / strategy ☒ No Accessibility considered in procurement ☑ Yes Accessibility knowledge required in developer job descriptions ☑ Yes Accessibility testing as part of change / release process ☒ No KPIs or other metrics for accessibility ☒ No Accessibility community of practice ☑ Yes Established accessibility testing process ☒ No Accessibility training relevant to IT roles ☒ No Leadership buy-in for accessibility ☑ Yes Tamsyn Smith and Matthew Deeprose 6
  • 7. So what does that look like? • Community of Practice growing from the ground up. • Introducing Ally in the Education context raised awareness. • Ad-hoc requests for accessibility consultancy. • New IT services launched with accessibility issues. • Limited approach to CDDO letter. • Initiative fatigue? Tamsyn Smith and Matthew Deeprose 7
  • 8. More work? Tamsyn Smith and Matthew Deeprose 8
  • 9. What do we mean by sustaining accessibility? Tamsyn Smith and Matthew Deeprose 9
  • 10. Planning and Managing Web Accessibility 1 Initiate Plan Implement Sustain 10 Tamsyn Smith and Matthew Deeprose
  • 11. Kotter’s Eight Steps 11 Anchor Anchor the Changes in Corporate Culture Build on Build on the Change Create Create Short-Term Wins Remove Remove Obstacles Communicate Communicate the Vision Create Create a Vision for Change Form Form a Powerful Coalition Create Create Urgency Tamsyn Smith and Matthew Deeprose
  • 13. Craig Abbott’s 3 pillars of accessibility Compliance Culture Education Craig Abbott’s three pillars of accessibility Tamsyn Smith and Matthew Deeprose 13
  • 14. Craig Abbott’s 3 pillars of accessibility 2 Compliance Culture Education Craig Abbott’s three pillars of accessibility Tamsyn Smith and Matthew Deeprose 14
  • 15. DWP accessibility manual Tamsyn Smith and Matthew Deeprose 15
  • 16. DWP Guidance for your job role Tamsyn Smith and Matthew Deeprose 16
  • 17. Accessibility skills are in demand Less than 3% of University tech programmes include accessibility. * 63% of tech companies cannot staff accessibility needs. ** 93% say demand for accessibility skills will increase in the future ** The number of job listings with “accessibility” in the title increased by 78% in the year ended in July from the last 12 months. *** * Teach Access Institutions course list (coded), 2018 ** Accessible Technology Skills Gap Report, PEAT, 2018. *** Wall Street Journal, 2021 Tamsyn Smith and Matthew Deeprose 17
  • 20. More training resources Tamsyn Smith and Matthew Deeprose 20
  • 21. Reaching across the organisation “As a database manager my job is to make things as inaccessible as possible.” Tamsyn Smith and Matthew Deeprose 21
  • 22. Reaching across the organisation 2 “No, I never tested the corporate site with a keyboard”. Tamsyn Smith and Matthew Deeprose 22
  • 23. What do we mean by sustaining accessibility? 2 Tamsyn Smith and Matthew Deeprose 23
  • 24. What opportunities are there every year? Tamsyn Smith and Matthew Deeprose 24
  • 25. Aiming toward building up to aspects of the “partnership” level of maturity identified in McNaught / AbilityNet accessibility maturity model. The idea Create a bank of accessibility- related appraisal objectives. Can be used as is or customised. Based on different types of role, e.g., technical roles, support roles, administrative roles. Based on different levels of accessibility awareness and skill of the individual. Tamsyn Smith and Matthew Deeprose 25
  • 26. Roles Universal Developers Support Specialists Other * Tamsyn Smith and Matthew Deeprose 26
  • 27. Stages / Levels General awareness Discovering Exploring Advocating / Championing 1 2 3 4 Tamsyn Smith and Matthew Deeprose 27
  • 28. Four levels? Tamsyn Smith and Matthew Deeprose 28
  • 29. What types of activities are under each stage? General awareness • Basic training • Reviewing VPATs / accessibility statements. • Observe how your team culture reflects inclusive practices and suggest improvements. Discovering • Learning how to run simple accessibility tests. • Create / review an accessibility statement. • Prioritise accessibility defects. Exploring • Working with service users who have an impairment or disability. • Refactor a component for accessibility. Advocating / Championing • Share your experiences with another team. • Speak at an external event about accessibility. Tamsyn Smith and Matthew Deeprose 29
  • 30. Agile Accessibility Handbook Tamsyn Smith and Matthew Deeprose 30
  • 31. Headings of each objective Matthew Deeprose 31 Title Category Description (SMART) What you might do to achieve this
  • 32. Basic content Do • Discuss a service your team supports with a user who had a disability or impairment. in order to • Identify what works well or not so well. • Gain a better understanding of the types of barriers the user faces. and • Suggest an action plan to improve the user experience and discuss with the team and user community. Tamsyn Smith and Matthew Deeprose 32
  • 33. Example Do • Discuss a service your team supports with a user who has a disability or impairment. in order to • Identify what works well or not so well. • Gain a better understanding of the types of barriers the user faces. and • Develop an action plan to improve the user experience and discuss with the team and user community. Tamsyn Smith and Matthew Deeprose 33
  • 34. Your turn… 21 Tamsyn Smith and Matthew Deeprose 34
  • 35. Your turn… 3 •As a ________, •I will _________ •in order to ________ •and then with my team we will ________. Tamsyn Smith and Matthew Deeprose 35
  • 36. Your turn… •As a person wanting general awareness, •I will turn on accessibility checking in MS products •in order to identify and resolve issues as I work •and then with my team we will share experiences, lessons and tips. Tamsyn Smith and Matthew Deeprose 36
  • 37. Your turn… 3 •As a ________, •I will _________ •in order to ________ •and then with my team we will ________. Tamsyn Smith and Matthew Deeprose 37
  • 38. Level 1 (general awareness) examples • Complete our basic level training course and… For everyone • Refresh basics using the Teach Access tutorial and… • Give a 5 to 15-minute presentation within your team about an aspect of your experience with accessibility and… For developers • Review the VPAT / Accessibility Roadmap for a service your team supports and… • Review the accessibility statement of a service your team supports and… For support specialists Tamsyn Smith and Matthew Deeprose 38
  • 39. Level 2 (discovering) examples • Learn how to use the accessibility checking features in office and… • Set up Outlook so that correspondents are alerted if they try to send you an email with accessibility issues. For everyone • Test a site or component you have created using W3C Easy Checks and… • Learn about three WCAG success criteria and their “sufficient techniques” and… For developers • Review local documentation / help guides for a service supported by your team for accessibility and… • Create an accessibility statement for a service supported by your team For support specialists Tamsyn Smith and Matthew Deeprose 39
  • 40. Level 3 (exploring) examples • Consider your own working practices and behaviours, identify how to change them so that the work your produce is more accessible and… For everyone • Observe how a user with a disability or impairment uses your service, discuss potential improvements and… For developers • Promote how assistive technology works with a service supported by your team on Global Accessibility Awareness Day and… For support specialists Tamsyn Smith and Matthew Deeprose 40
  • 41. Level 4 (advocating / championing) examples • Share your accessibility lessons to the wider department, University, to an external audience and… For everyone • Work with a level 5 software engineer or accessibility expert in a pair-programming scenario and… For developers • Meet our Disability Staff Network, or Student Union, and reflect with them upon the improvements your team has made to the accessibility of a service your team supports and… For support specialists Tamsyn Smith and Matthew Deeprose 41
  • 42. Pair programming Tamsyn Smith and Matthew Deeprose 42
  • 43. Progress Done • First draft of • Universal Level 1 to 4 objectives. • Developer Level 1 to 4 objectives • Support Specialist Level 1 objectives. In progress • Support Specialist Level 2 to 4 objectives. • Objectives for other roles. To do • Review and quality check objectives. • Publish and raise awareness. • Monitor progress, iterate and update Tamsyn Smith and Matthew Deeprose 43
  • 44. Challenges Writing objectives is hard! Will they be used? How can we measure success? Can we involve our user community more in writing them? Tamsyn Smith and Matthew Deeprose 44
  • 45. Opportunities Wish to share with the wider community. Already had some indications of management buy-in. Promising potential. Tamsyn Smith and Matthew Deeprose 45
  • 46. What next? 46 Tamsyn Smith and Matthew Deeprose
  • 47. Discussion Tamsyn Smith and Matthew Deeprose 47

Editor's Notes

  1. Tamsyn: Good afternoon! We’re here to discuss a piece of work we have recently started the University of Southampton, “accessibility-related appraisal objectives”.
  2. I’m Tamsyn Smith , Senior Learning Designer Team Lead at University of Southampton, and I’m joined by my colleague Matthew Deeprose,  Senior Learning Designer
  3. Matt: Thanks for inviting us to join you on Global Accessibility Awareness Day. [Progress] As Christian Bale says in the film Terminator Salvation, ”If you're listening to this, you are the resistance”. It often feels that those of us with an interest in accessibility are part of a resistance, aiming to reduce and remove inaccessible practices and unnecessary barriers that prevent people from making the most out of the potential of our digital estate. No doubt many of you have experienced advocacy fatigue. Pointing out simple issues like focus indicators, focus order, colour contrast, alternative text for the umpteenth time can wear you down. But we want to move from resistance into the mainstream, we want every one to care and be interested, we want considering accessibility to become second nature.
  4. In this session, we’re going to talk a little about this context. We appreciate that our presentation may be of more interest to the “accessibility geeks” among us, so we’ll use this section to try to give some pointers to useful resources for those new to this area. [Progress] Then share our early thinking of an idea we are developing, aiming to embed accessibility more into the culture of our IT department. Through creating accessibility related appraisal objectives for a variety of roles. [Progress] And then talk about some next steps, share with you the work we have done so far and invite you to share feedback and build on this early work.
  5. The slide deck, links and resources we cover in this session are online and we’ll be pasting this link in the chat.
  6. Every institution is at some point in its accessibility journey. We work in the University of Southampton IT department and to give you an idea of where we are at, while we don’t have an IT accessibility policy, accessibility conformance is part of our non-functional requirements for procurement of new services, we have accessibility knowledge and skill as requirements for developer roles, we don’t have accessibility testing as part of our change and release process and are not measuring nor reporting on accessibility. We have a fairly well established accessibility community of practice, but don’t have an established accessibility testing process, nor training specific to different types of roles. We do have buy-in for accessibility from our leadership group to some extent at least.
  7. What does that look like for us in our IT department. First we can only talk from our own experiences, but on the positive side we have seen our internal digital accessibility community of practice grow to include about 20% of our department as members. Through introducing Blackboard Ally in the educational context we have raised awareness of accessibility further even within our IT department. And we find ourselves receiving ad-hoc requests and enquiries relating to accessibility. Showing that some are realising this needs to be considered, but of course it’s coming at the proofing stage, rather shifting-left to the initial requirements and design stages. [progress] On the other side, without checking for accessibility as part of our change and release process new IT services are being launched with accessibility issues that are not logged or prioritised. Building accessibility debt that will have to be paid off later, with interest. Like many institutions we received our letter from the central digital and data office for not meeting our responsibilities under the accessibility regulations. While a lot of the issues identified were already on the roadmap for improvements to our corporate site, thanks to the massive project to transform our corporate site led by our colleague Ayala Gordon. We had hoped it would start a wider conversation in our IT department about how to avoid introducing such issues across our whole digital offering. For the moment it seems that very few people in our department are aware that the government has contacted us. We need to acknowledge initiative fatigue. Our colleagues have been through a lot over the last few years. And now we have new strategies, new initiatives, and the same amount of time to get everything done. Telling people “here’s more work you’ve not got time for” is not going to go down well, however well-intended.
  8. On the topic of “more work” I always like to refer to this tweet, Accessibility isn’t more work, you were just cutting corners before. The work was incomplete. This is particularly relevant for a professional IT department. https://twitter.com/McgarrDana/status/1387870476178006020
  9. You might often hear people in the accessibility community talk about “sustaining accessibility”
  10. It’s the fourth point on the Planning and Managing Web Accessibility” pathway from the Worldwide Web Consortium, W3C Here, sustaining accessibility is about maintaining the momentum of our accessibility efforts. https://www.w3.org/WAI/planning-and-managing/
  11. Looking at another framework, Lilian Joy at the University of York has done some brilliant work demonstrating how Kotter’s 8 Steps can be used as a framework for shifting digital accessibility practice. The last of those steps is about anchoring changes in corporate culture. So embedding a change is departmental culture is really important.
  12. If you would like to learn more about Lilian’s work you can watch her presentation to the JISC accessibility community in a recorded webinar and read more about it on the University of York website. https://youtu.be/kt_gCW6BEhs http://bit.ly/eaccess-shifting 
  13. Continuing our thoughts about culture. Craig Abbot from the Department of Work and Pensions has recently published a blog post sharing his three pillar’s of accessibility. He writes that, “There are 3 core parts. Compliance, education, and culture. If you lack any of these 3 things over a sustained period of time, the strategy is unsustainable and your ability to consistently deliver accessible services will burn out.”
  14. This mirrors Kotter’s eighth step.
  15. On the topic of the DWP it’s worth looking over their Accessibility Manual which is a really useful resource.
  16. They have a section that relates accessibility to different job roles, which also aligns with some of the work we’ll be talking about shortly.
  17. Back to the context. As George mentioned on Monday, Accessibility skills are in demand. While Teach Access found that very few University tech programmes include accessibility The Partnership on Employment & Accessible Technology did research that found that 63% of tech companies were unable to staff their accessibility needs and 93% expected that demand for accessibility skills would increase. Last year, the Wall Street Journal wrote that accessibility job listings had increased by 78%. So, accessibility skills are in high demand. Universities tend to have a lower turnover than the private sector but we will face the need to keep up that pipeline of maintaining staff with good knowledge of accessibility, which again will reflect into our organisation culture.
  18. On that topic here’s some resources to be aware of, Teach Access provides an Accessibility Skills Hiring Toolkit, [progress] and Scott O’Hara has created a list of Accessibility Interview Questions for different types of roles.
  19. The W3C provides a framework for building your own accessibility training courses, [progress] and Teach Access has a tutorial aimed at developers that covers some of the basics.
  20. For generalists, Microsoft have created an Accessibility Fundamentals learning path, [progress] and Hector Minto from Microsoft has a very practical LinkedIn Learning course about accessibility in the modern workplace. [progress] For educators, Lexdis has a very useful online course for Inclusive Teaching and Learning Strategies. https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/learn/paths/accessibility-fundamentals/ https://www.linkedin.com/learning/digital-accessibility-for-the-modern-workplace/accessibility-at-work https://www.lexdis.org.uk/course/inclusive-teaching-and-learning-strategies/
  21. We need to reach out across our IT organisation to build that culture and awareness. I’m sure many of you will have encountered colleagues thinking accessibility is about Identity Management and Service Access. It’s a recurrent theme in our department to explain what we mean by accessibility. For example a database manager recently told us “my job is to make things as inaccessible as possible.”
  22. And in discussions with our communication platforms manager, he said he hadn’t tested the corporate site platform for which his team is responsible with a keyboard.
  23. So, when we talk about sustaining accessibility we’re thinking about how to keep momentum. Even without a formal accessibility policy, we can increment further by building an organisational culture that considers accessibility.
  24. Tamsyn: What opportunities are there each year? Most institutions are likely to run annual performance reviews with staff, reflecting on the past year’s outcomes and setting objectives for the year ahead. You might call these appraisals, personal development reviews, or something else. Typically no one enjoys writing objectives. What if we could give people some ready made objectives, designed to raise awareness and understanding of accessibility in the IT department, helping to create that organisational culture? IT departments have particular attributes, they are responsible for most, if not all, of the University’s digital estate, so implementing technical solutions that meet accessibility guidelines can only really be done by the IT department. They tend to be embedded within their institution, touching almost all aspects, and are often looked to for leadership. We’re based in our IT department, but these principles can be applied elsewhere as well.
  25. So, the idea is to create a “bank” of accessibility-related appraisal objectives. [Progress] That can be used “as is” or customised. [Progress] Appropriate for different types of role, we’ve been focusing on generalists, developers, and system support roles. [Progress] At different levels of accessibility awareness and skill, suitable for whatever stage an individual is at. [Progress] Ultimately aiming at steering towards the “partnership” level of maturity identified in the McNaught / AbilityNet accessibility maturity model.
  26. We’ve broken them down into different types of IT role. First, those that apply for any role: Universal or generalist. Developers will have certain responsibilities for accessibility, and also have knowledge of accessibility as a requirement in their job descriptions, so we need something for them. We have a large number of application support specialists who are answering tickets, planning upgrades, writing documentation and so on. They also are responsible for service roadmaps. So we need to consider something for them. And other roles like business analysts, project managers, and so on may be dealing with vendors, planning out projects and so on, so we might have a small number of objectives specific to certain other roles.
  27. We have four levels or stages: General awareness Discovering - focussing more on applying knowledge, building skill, and exploring potential for improving accessibility within a colleague’s area of influence. Exploring - aiming for a deeper understanding of accessibility and it’s potential application and asking colleagues to collaborate with users with impairments and disabilities. And advocating or championing
  28. By the way, the American company Intuit has an accessibility champion programme that also has four levels. If you haven’t come across this before we recommend Ted Drake’s blog post that explains how it works. He lists lots of different tasks for those at each level and there’s lots of great ideas in his post. https://www.last-child.com/intuits-accessibility-champion-program/
  29. Here’s some examples of different types of high-level activity included in these objectives, we’ve mixed in objectives for different role types. At the first level of General awareness, we have: Basic training – we have a generic training resource, and links to further content on LinkedIn Learning and Microsoft Learn, as well as those resources from Teach Access and LexDis we mentioned earlier. Reviewing Vendor Voluntary Product Assessment Templates (VPATs) and accessibility roadmaps or local accessibility statements. To find out HOW what you learn in the abstract applies directly within the services you support. Observing how your team culture, for example online or hybrid meetings reflect inclusive practices and suggesting improvements. As you learn some of these basics it might be interesting to see how they apply in activities like team meetings. At the Discovering level, you might be Learning how to run simple accessibility tests, perhaps based on the W3C’s quick checks. Creating or reviewing an accessibility statement. I know we have hundreds of statements that need writing. Ben at UCL is doing some interesting work on making this process easier. Accessibility can be really daunting when you are new to it. Prioritising accessibility defects can be a good way to identify what’s important to fix first, and perhaps to start thinking about how to avoid such issues in the first place. The Agile Accessibility Handbook has an excellent methodology for prioritising accessibility defects. At the exploring level Working with service users who have an impairment or disability. This could be in terms of understanding current issues, consulting on new developments, or learning about assistive technology use, or examples of barriers that they face. For developers, refactoring a component to fix or improve accessibility issues whilst maintaining functionality should lead to learning opportunities for understanding better how such issues were introduced in the first place and lead to thinking about stopping them from reoccurring. For Advocating / Championing we’re thinking about moving beyond the team level and talking to others, perhaps even outside of the institution.
  30. By the way, we mentioned the agile accessibility handbook in our last slide. If you’ve not read this book it’s a very practical guide to implementing accessibility within an IT department. It’s less than 100 pages and the electronic version is available free of charge. https://accessibility.deque.com/agile-accessibility-handbook
  31. The structure of our draft document is… a title, we’ve only been sharing some example titles so far. The category aims to match one of the three categories for appraisal objectives in our HR system. The description is meant to be a SMART objective, so that’s specific, measurable, achievable, relevant, and time-boxed. What you might do to achieve this is more open and suggestive. So far it’s been difficult to differentiate the description and the what you might do sections so we may revise these.
  32. The idea is not just to do the activity but to do it for a reason and having the outcome feedback into the team or department in someway, hopefully building a virtuous circle.
  33. For example, discussing a service your team supports with a user who has a disability or impairment, In order to identify what works well or not so well. And gain a better understanding of the types of barriers the user faces. With an outcome of developing an action plan to improve the user experience and discuss that with the team, business owner and user community. ---- Give ppl 2 mins to write an accessibility challenge and share in chat? As I ________ I will _________ In order to ________ and then with my team we will ________
  34. Insert graphic We’re going to pause and give YOU the opportunity to take part.
  35. In the next three minutes why not think of a example action using this template. First you describe a role and level of accessibility awareness. Then suggest an action And describe its outcome And then add how it will feed into a team activity
  36. For example… read slide.
  37. So we’ll give you three minutes, post your suggestions in the chat. Even if you don’t have time to finish, keep a note of it as we’ll return to this later. And while you work on this we’ll check if there’s any questions in the chat, and if there aren’t any we’ll ask George to help us fill in the time.
  38. Matt: Here are some more examples of objectives at the general awareness level, separated by role type. These are just high-level on this and the following slides. We’re just sharing the starting point which is why each line ends with and… For everyone we have a basic level training course. We don’t just want people to complete it, but to reflect on what they learn and discuss in a team meeting or with a colleague, and perhaps reflect three months later on how what they learned affected their day to day to work. Developers are expected to have knowledge of modern HTML, CSS, and JavaScript and its impact on accessibility. It’s in their role’s person specification. So they should be starting at a higher level already, there’s a useful tutorial on the Teach Access website to refresh the basics, and we might want them to reflect on their experiences in a team meeting, perhaps in the form of a presentation. It doesn’t have to be a good experience, we can learn a lot from when things go wrong too. For support specialists it’s important they understand to what extent the services they support meet accessibility guidelines because they tend to be service owners. So understanding VPATs, accessibility roadmaps and statements is a good start, especially replicating errors, or validating the truthfulness of these statements. Just doing these exercises is likely to lead to discoveries that can be fed back within the support team and to the vendor, be they internal or external.
  39. Here’s some level 2 examples, again at a fairly high level of detail, here we are at the discovering stage. At the generalist level we want people to become confident using accessibility checking features in office and resolving defects in content. For developers we want them to go a bit deeper in testing, starting with the W3C’s easy checks. It can also be very useful not only to learn about some success criteria but you can get a deeper understanding by studying the “sufficient techniques” for meeting them. We might then ask them to give a demonstration or presentation to colleagues at a team meeting and then lead a discussion. Support specialists can start reviewing their support guides and documentation and revising them for accessibility, for example using semantic ordered lists for step by steps, and using “select” rather than “click” within written instructions. Commercial off the shelf services with VPATs should make writing accessibility statements fairly straightforward. Again they should be feeding back lessons to their teams, feeding forward to vendors and so on.
  40. Here’s a light overview of some level 3 – exploring objectives. We might ask generalists to reflect on their own working practices and behaviours and look for how small changes may result in more accessible or inclusive outcomes. We might also ask developers or support specialists to work with staff or students with disabilities, observe how they use the services for which they are responsible, and then talk through potential improvements, or promote how assistive technology works with a University service. Most of our support specialists have not yet tried using a service they own with a keyboard or screen reader. Still all these are very high level, to give you an idea, obviously these are not written out as SMART objectives.
  41. At the final level we’re looking for people to share their lessons, good or bad with the wider department or external audiences. Building up that organisational culture, pair programming where a developer with more accessibility experience works with another developer can be a good way to work through accessibility puzzles. Building on partnership, support specialists by this point should be building a close working relationship with staff and student groups.
  42. Pair programming has been recommended by Mark Steadman who is the Principal Accessibility Engineer at Fidelity Investments. Last year he tweeted that he found as an accessibility consultant that sitting with developers and creating a component together is a great approach and learning opportunity. By the way, make sure to read his award winning posts on dev dot to https://dev.to/steady5063
  43. In terms of progress we have a first draft for about two thirds of the initial content we planned. [progress] And we’re slowly working our way to completing that final third of the first draft. [progress] This need to be reviewed and quality checked, and then confidence checked with a wider circle of colleagues. Assuming we get the go-ahead we will publish internally and begin raising awareness. Hopefully we will get lots of feedback and ideas for next steps so we can monitor progress and iterate further.
  44. Tamsyn: It has been a challenge After an initial sprint of activity our pace has slowed. Writing objectives is hard! [progress] We also don’t know for sure whether there will be take up, but since writing objectives is hard if we can give line-managers some quick wins then these may be popular. [progress] We’re not sure yet how we can objectively measure take up and outcomes. Appraisals are confidential between a direct report and their line-manager. [progress] We’re also going to be talking more to our disability staff network, and student groups to ask for feedback on these ideas. We’re particularly concerned to get buy-in from them and not end up with our colleagues randomly asking the same groups of people for similar feedback.
  45. On the plus side. We’ll be sharing next a draft of the work so far. And once complete we’ll be sharing this work through Creative Commons to the accessibility community. [progress] We’ve had a couple of managers in our department already show interest. [progress] And accessibility contacts we’ve spoken to so far all see a lot of potential in this concept.
  46. So what’s next? We’ve written first drafts of almost 40 objectives so far. [Progress] We’ve made these available as a Google doc. You’re welcome to download, view, add comments, make edits or suggestions. Keep in mind this is still an early draft and a lot more effort is needed to make these of acceptable quality in terms of being SMART, and in confidence checking that they should achieve the desired outcomes. A document is probably not the best vehicle for this information but when we make it more widely available we expect to share it on github with a creative commons licence. Why not develop your idea from earlier, and consider writing it up into a SMART objective and adding it to the document? -----
  47. Thanks for listening to us today. We’re happy to open up now for discussion.