Architectural Design and structural design remain collaborative and partners in making building sustainable and green. No building can be planned , designed and made green unless structural design and state of art construction supports it. Achieving sustainability in a building will be misnomer, mirage and a fallacy by excluding the input and expertise of the art and science of sustainable structure and construction. Presentation studies, examines, explores and explains that relationship and suggests option and strategies which can be leveraged to make sustainable buildings. Existing rating systems excludes the role and importance of structural design in making buildings green and sustainable, which need review ,revision and redefinition to make sustainable Structure Design integral part of the rating system of buildings in order to make these systems rational , focused and relevant to the objectives, they are supposed to achieve.
this presentation is about the green building concept. I have thrown some light on green building concept, its cost facts, why we need green buildings?, scope of green buildings and I have also described about my visit to a green building, about LEED, rating system of LEED, and some features of green buildings.
Green Building (GOAL,NEEDS,ADVANTAGES & DISADVANTAGES)Nikul Gopani
GREEN BUILDING
GOALS, NEED, ADVANTAGES & DISADVANTAGES
1. Optimum use of five elements.
2. Minimum use of ‘ENERGY’.
3. Reduce use of ‘WATER’.
4. Re-use of ‘WASTE MATERIAL’.
5. Minimize damage to the ENVIRONMENT.
6. Reduce the production of ‘WASTES’.
7. Reduce production of GHG(Green House Gas).
8. Maintain equilibrium of the environment.
9. Provide Fresh and Healthy ‘ENVIRONMENT’.
10. Promote use of ‘LOCAL MATERIAL’.
Why Green Building?
1.Economic Benefits
Energy Reduce 25 – 30 %.
Water Reduce 20 – 30 %.
Increase Life.
2.Environmental Benefits
Quality of AIR & WATER.
Reduce Green House Gas.
Protect Natural Resources.
3.Health & community Benefits
Quality of Life.
Occupant Comfort & Health
Image & Marketability
DISADVANTAGES
Increase in cost 15 – 20%
Morden Techniques are Required.
Expert Knowledge.
It is all about sustainable buildings or green buildings and a brief study of some sustainable building materials we can use for making a building sustainable and green.
this presentation is about the green building concept. I have thrown some light on green building concept, its cost facts, why we need green buildings?, scope of green buildings and I have also described about my visit to a green building, about LEED, rating system of LEED, and some features of green buildings.
Green Building (GOAL,NEEDS,ADVANTAGES & DISADVANTAGES)Nikul Gopani
GREEN BUILDING
GOALS, NEED, ADVANTAGES & DISADVANTAGES
1. Optimum use of five elements.
2. Minimum use of ‘ENERGY’.
3. Reduce use of ‘WATER’.
4. Re-use of ‘WASTE MATERIAL’.
5. Minimize damage to the ENVIRONMENT.
6. Reduce the production of ‘WASTES’.
7. Reduce production of GHG(Green House Gas).
8. Maintain equilibrium of the environment.
9. Provide Fresh and Healthy ‘ENVIRONMENT’.
10. Promote use of ‘LOCAL MATERIAL’.
Why Green Building?
1.Economic Benefits
Energy Reduce 25 – 30 %.
Water Reduce 20 – 30 %.
Increase Life.
2.Environmental Benefits
Quality of AIR & WATER.
Reduce Green House Gas.
Protect Natural Resources.
3.Health & community Benefits
Quality of Life.
Occupant Comfort & Health
Image & Marketability
DISADVANTAGES
Increase in cost 15 – 20%
Morden Techniques are Required.
Expert Knowledge.
It is all about sustainable buildings or green buildings and a brief study of some sustainable building materials we can use for making a building sustainable and green.
I came to know regarding this competition from rediff.com
The idea of Energy Efficient design is
to modulate the conditions such that they
are always within or as close as possible to
comfort zone.Modulations introduced by the
landscape,built form,envelope,materials and
other control measures bring the conditions
within the range throughout twenty four hours
cycle.
This is goal of Energy Efficient Architecture
Buildings, as they are designed and used today, contribute to serious environmental and economical problems because of excessive consumption of energy and other natural resources. The close connection between energy use in buildings and environmental damage arises because energy-intensive and monetarily expensive solutions sought to construct a building and meet its demands for heating, cooling, ventilation, and lighting cause severe depletion of invaluable environmental resources
Energy resource efficiency in new constructions
can be effected by adopting an
Integrated Approach To Building Design.
Green construction or sustainable building refers to both a structure and the application of processes that are environmentally responsible and resource- efficient throughout a building's life-cycle.
we just finished our presentation towards this slide and our assignment about green technology and new style of view and look for building. you can add more on how to create a better style of building. this is to create the better future of having a high standard of quality and in the same time, saving the green plant and decorate it in a best environment that we could have as a suggestion. might trying to improving the technology and eco-friendly things in a way to saving the economic side.
Sustainable architecture is architecture that seeks to minimize the negative environmental impact of buildings by efficiency and moderation in the use of materials, energy, and development space.
Sustainable architecture uses a conscious approach to energy and ecological conservation in the design of the built environment.
The idea of sustainability, or ecological design, is to ensure that our actions and decisions today do not inhibit the opportunities of future generations.
Buildings as consumers of energy, resources and generators of waste has major implications for humanity, communities, climate and resources. Context of buildings have to be understood and appreciated in terms of resources, climate and sustainability. Buildings have to be planned, designed, constructed, operated and managed in a manner that they make value to environment, ecology and bio-diversity. Buildings are always evolving, devolving, never ever static and finite. Buildings need care and dedication.A Green building makes you Happy, Healthy and More Productive
Provides highest quality of indoor environment Optimizes Resources, , Reduces Waste,
Reduces Carbon Footprints
makes building operations cost effective and energy efficient- create win-win situation for owner; occupant; user; tenant. Buildings need competent and committed professionals for designing and construction. Role of Architects and Engineers will always remain crucial and universal to achieve sustainability and SDG Goals enunciated by UNDP
Presentation focuses on various aspects of buildings- how they have to be planned, designed, oriented, constructed using materials and technologies to make them Green in real sense of the term - to make them supportive and promoter of sustainability.
I came to know regarding this competition from rediff.com
The idea of Energy Efficient design is
to modulate the conditions such that they
are always within or as close as possible to
comfort zone.Modulations introduced by the
landscape,built form,envelope,materials and
other control measures bring the conditions
within the range throughout twenty four hours
cycle.
This is goal of Energy Efficient Architecture
Buildings, as they are designed and used today, contribute to serious environmental and economical problems because of excessive consumption of energy and other natural resources. The close connection between energy use in buildings and environmental damage arises because energy-intensive and monetarily expensive solutions sought to construct a building and meet its demands for heating, cooling, ventilation, and lighting cause severe depletion of invaluable environmental resources
Energy resource efficiency in new constructions
can be effected by adopting an
Integrated Approach To Building Design.
Green construction or sustainable building refers to both a structure and the application of processes that are environmentally responsible and resource- efficient throughout a building's life-cycle.
we just finished our presentation towards this slide and our assignment about green technology and new style of view and look for building. you can add more on how to create a better style of building. this is to create the better future of having a high standard of quality and in the same time, saving the green plant and decorate it in a best environment that we could have as a suggestion. might trying to improving the technology and eco-friendly things in a way to saving the economic side.
Sustainable architecture is architecture that seeks to minimize the negative environmental impact of buildings by efficiency and moderation in the use of materials, energy, and development space.
Sustainable architecture uses a conscious approach to energy and ecological conservation in the design of the built environment.
The idea of sustainability, or ecological design, is to ensure that our actions and decisions today do not inhibit the opportunities of future generations.
Buildings as consumers of energy, resources and generators of waste has major implications for humanity, communities, climate and resources. Context of buildings have to be understood and appreciated in terms of resources, climate and sustainability. Buildings have to be planned, designed, constructed, operated and managed in a manner that they make value to environment, ecology and bio-diversity. Buildings are always evolving, devolving, never ever static and finite. Buildings need care and dedication.A Green building makes you Happy, Healthy and More Productive
Provides highest quality of indoor environment Optimizes Resources, , Reduces Waste,
Reduces Carbon Footprints
makes building operations cost effective and energy efficient- create win-win situation for owner; occupant; user; tenant. Buildings need competent and committed professionals for designing and construction. Role of Architects and Engineers will always remain crucial and universal to achieve sustainability and SDG Goals enunciated by UNDP
Presentation focuses on various aspects of buildings- how they have to be planned, designed, oriented, constructed using materials and technologies to make them Green in real sense of the term - to make them supportive and promoter of sustainability.
Buildings remain crucial for promoting sustainability because buildings remain largest consumers of energy, resources and generators of waste. This world can never ever be made livable and sustainable unless buildings are planned, designed, constructed and managed in a rational and realistic manner. Accordingly role of architects, engineers, planners, industry, builders, contractors and other stakeholders becomes important for looking critically and objectively, how buildings are planned and designed. It needs to be understood and appreciated that there cannot be any option better than designing buildings with nature , using natural elements. Built environment has to be made supportive to environment and ecology. If buildings donot make value addition to environment and bio-diversity, then no human being using such buildings shall remain happy and healthy. Buildings are meant for people, community and society to be used, and if the buildings cannot keep and fulfill that promise then the entire purpose of creating buildings is defeated. Architects and Engineers must come forward to ensure that the buildings are made supportive of nature and should invariably make value addition to nature in order to usher an era of sustainability, failing which humanity will be heading for disaster and self-destruction.
Presentation is an attempt to showcase the role and importance of Green Buildings to make this world sustainable and the approach to designing the green buildings
Increasing problems of climate change, rising temperature, global warming and increasing carbon footprints, can be largely attributed to the manner in which built environment is being planned, designed, constructed and created .
Considering the role, relevance and importance, buildings need to be made more environmentally sustainable; economically vibrant/ productive and physically better place to live and work.
Making built environment more productive, sustainable and inclusive, calls for looking into and exploring the innovative options of; Rationalizing and redefining the process of planning, designing, constructing and maintaining the buildings; Making built environment energy/resource efficient and environment friendly; mitigating heat island, making buildings safe against natural and manmade disasters. In order to make building supportive of environment and ecology ;buildings have to be made sustainable, smart and intelligent, so that agenda to make buildings vibrant and least consumer of energy/resources /generator of waste.
Presentation tries to look at the cost of buildings, issues in creating cost-effective buildings and options for creating cost-effective, qualitative buildings using architectural design, making buildings green,using local materials, using innovative technologies, prefabrication and putting in place strong project management
- NITTTER- 12-8-22-what makes a building intelligent.pptxJIT KUMAR GUPTA
Making building intelligent shall be a challenge for communities by exploring all technological options available . All Buildings can be made intelligent. Intelligent buildings unlike the green buildings are more expensive both operationally and during construction. Both have their limitations and applications. We need to make buildings both green and intelligent to make this world more sustainable and built environment offering convenience, comfort, safety and productivity
Presentation focuses on the context, intent, content, design, construction, operation, maintenance and advantages of green buildings in reducing consumption of energy and resources and generation of waste to make, human settlements in general and our earth in particular, most livable and sustainable by reducing carbon footprints of built environment.
Built environment created in the past was invariably based on nature and optimally using resources made available by nature to meet the basic requirement of ventilation, heating and cooling of the buildings in order to create ambient environment for quality living. Using local materials and local skills ,built environment created was based on adopting passive approach and passive methods of making buildings sustainable. Cities in the past were made compact to make them human centric, energy efficient, land efficient and promoting safety and security. Mechanism of mixed landuse was used to make cities more humane and social. Cities were treated, planned and designed as integrated entities. Water was valued and innovative mechanisms were used to conserve, preserve and promote availability of water. Streets dominated the planning of human settlements instead of roads. Despite being planned and developed as compact cities, adequate public spaces were made integral part of planning process. Planning focused on creating self-sustaining communities , mutually supporting each other. Fundamental principal was promoting planning and living based on need and not greed. Nature was the governing principle of planning and nature based solutions were evolved, devolved and made applicable in making human settlements sustainable and livable. Back to basic remains a great option and agenda to understand the principles which can be used to charter the future agenda for growth and development.
A brief overview on how civil engineers can participate in making global sustainable development. from the Civil Engineering Student Society Conference (CESSCON), University of Khartoum, Mar 2016.
Cities, globally have been recognised as the major promoters of global warming, climate change and increasing carbon footprints. Within cities, it is the built environment and transportation, which are primarily responsible for making them unsustainable. Majority of problems related to urban sustainability are the outcome of the manner in which buildings are planned , designed , constructed and operated. Buildings, as definers of character and fabric of any city, are known for their positivity, negativities, dualities and contradictions. Consuming nearly half of the global energy, majority of resources and generating large carbon emissions, buildings are largely responsible for making cities unsustainable. This call for making buildings energy efficient and least consumers of resources. Sustainable Development Goals also mandate the critical role of buildings in promoting global sustainability. However, majority of buildings are designed and constructed , without any concern for energy, resources and environment. Making buildings minimum consumers of energy and resources would require changing the traditional approach to designing the buildings; making building green; considering relevance of climate,site and orientation, ; life-cycle assessment ;energy ,water efficiency and; building materials.
Presentation tries to link cities with buildings in the context of energy, resources, sustainability and productivity and brieflt describes how the cities can be made green and how green buildings can be made a reality
Making cities Climate Responsive and SustainableJIT KUMAR GUPTA
“Decarbonization” of cities ,as an issue ,as an option and as a strategy , has been gaining currency in the parlance of; making planet earth livable and sustainable. “Decarbonization has been globally valued for keeping the global temperature below 1.5C, and achieving the agenda and goals defined in the 17 Sustainable Development Goals, defined by UN for achieving universal sustainability. Despite distinct role and relevance, criticality and importance of decarbonization of cities has neither been properly understood and appreciated nor made integral part of the architectural practice and art and science of designing and construction of buildings. Consuming one -third of global energy (33%) and generating 39% of greenhouse gas emissions buildings have been considered as the major player in the domain of climate change and global warming. Since Architects and Architecture are
actively involved in the making and unmaking of buildings, accordingly it becomes important that planners and architects must play a significant role in making
cities and buildings least consumers of energy and generators of the minimum greenhouse gas emissions. This objective can be achieved if decarbonizing cities/buildings is made a distinct reality . Issue of decarbonizing the cities/buildings assumes importance for the reason, that world’s building floorspace is likely to be become double by the year 2060, with the addition of large number of newcities/ buildings due to rapid urbanization, population growth and economic development ; required for catering to
to the needs of additional population opting for urban living.
Buildings, as definers of character and fabric of any city, are known for their positivity, negativities, dualities and contradictions. Consuming half of the global energy, majority of resources and generating 45% carbon emissions, buildings are largely responsible for consumption of resources, generation of waste, climate change and global warming. Sustainable Development Goals enunciated by UNO also mandate the critical role of buildings in promoting global sustainability. However, majority of buildings are designed without any concern for energy, resources and environment. For making buildings least consumers of energy, resources and generators of waste, traditional approach to buildings have to be changed and redefined. Appropriate options of designing sustainable, environment friendly and energy efficient buildings would involve the study, analysis and application of the relevance of climate both at regional, city and local levels; site and orientation ; options for energy and water efficiency; context of building materials and indoor air quality, active and passive means of heating cooling and using resources provided with nature for making buildings green and energy efficient.
Presentation tries to focus on construction sector in India, its role and importance in promoting economy, employment and create wealth for the nation.Presentation also looks at the roadblocks in operation of the construction sector and suggest measures for making it effective and efficient
Presentation is an attempt to briefly describe the context of Green Building- its role and importance in promoting sustainability and reducing global warming besides the design strategies which go into making of a Green Building. It also define the advantages and the rating system defined by IGBC for the Green Building.
Similar to Sustainable structure- Buildings - Copy.pptx (20)
Role and Relevance of Architects and architecture in SustainabilityJIT KUMAR GUPTA
This brief text on Role, Relevance and importance of Architects and profession of Architecture in making this world and human settlements more livable, climate responsive and sustainable has been prepared as commitment of the professionals and profession of Architects on this World Environment Day ; June 5th , 2024 , with the hope that profession would be understood, valued ,appreciated and empowered in the right context for enabling it play its designated role in making built environment qualitative, cost-effective, energy-efficient, eco-friendly, safe and sustainable.
Bridging gap between resources and responsibilities at Local level.JIT KUMAR GUPTA
Text refers to need, role, relevance and importance of empowering urban local bodies by bridging gap between resources available and responsibilities bestowed, for enabling ULBs to operate and function as institutions of local governance more effectively and efficiently.
Construction Industry Through Artificial Intelligence -.docxJIT KUMAR GUPTA
Considering the role, relevance and importance of construction sector in promoting economy, generating employment and creating wealth besides providing infrastructures and amenities, there is need to make the sector more effective, efficient, productive and sustainable. Driven manually, construction sector remains in the slow lane of creating quality built environment which are cost-effective, energy efficient, least consumers of resources and generators of waste. Artificial intelligence can help and empower the construction to make it more valuable, productive and qualitative besides supportive of environment and ecology. However, construction sector must be ready to co-operate and collaborate with IT industry to look for options and opportunities to make construction sector more qualitative and productive. Majority of urban ills and climate related issues can be resolved if Artificial intelligence can be embedded as integral part of the construction industry right prom planning, designing, construction, operation and management of the built environment and infrastructures. Communities and nations will save lot of valuable non-renewable resources if the construction sector is transformed from human led to technology led by the induction of Artificial intelligence. However, Construction industry has to search the areas where Artificial intelligence can be used effectively and intelligently.
Making Urban India a Role Model of Planned Urban Growth a.docxJIT KUMAR GUPTA
Known for productivity, promoting economy, employment and innovations cities, when properly planned, rationally developed and professionally managed, have been labelled and recognized as engines of economic growth. Prosperity and urbanisation are known to have positive co-relation with rational urbanisation, leveraging growth and development of any community, city, state and region. In majority of developing countries, where urbanisation remains unregulated, forced largely by rural push and less by urban pull, cities invariably remain in crisis, crisis of population, crisis of poverty, crisis of development and management. Cities need to be cared ,incentivized, empowered and made more productive, effective, efficient and humane.
Redefining Globalization, urbanisation and LocalisationJIT KUMAR GUPTA
If cities are to made more livable, humane and productive, it is time that intent, contents and scope of globalization must be revisited and reviewed, both critically and objectively. Globalisation would need redefinition for promoting universality and inclusiveness among people and nations to have basic amenities and quality of life for all its residents , including poorest of the poor to lead a dignified life. Failure to redefine globalization, rationalise urbanisation, restore localization empowering poor and promoting universalisation and inclusivity; will invariably lead to making SDGs merely a paper exercise. In addition, making the world, cities and communities sustainable, livable, safe and inclusive, would remain merely a dream and a mirage, for future generations and communities, making planet earth as their preferred place of residence.
Knowing, Understanding and Planning Cities- Role and Relevance Physical Plan...JIT KUMAR GUPTA
Cities are known for its complexities and operational inefficiencies. cities remain dynamic ,ever evolving, ever devolving, never static and never finite.
All cities remain different, distinct, unique and universal. No two cities are similar. Each city has its own strength, weaknesses, opportunities and threats. Accordingly, problem faced by any city cannot be viewed, dissected, analyzed and enumerated, while sitting within the four walls of the air-conditioned rooms and by the so called intellectual sitting in the so called offices determining the future of cities and towns. Neither the cities can be made more rational by limited knowledge agencies providing consultancy to cities , states and nations.
For realistically and rationally understanding, analyzing the cities and having simple, cost-effective and quality solutions to the problems and challenges faced , Cities have to be walked through and concerns of the various communities have to be properly understood and appreciated.
Prime reason for inability and lack of capacity on the part of majority of physical planners, engaged in the art and science of planning, designing and developing the cities, to address the issues and challenges faced by cities , realistically and rationally, has genesis in the lack of understanding of the origin, growth and development of cities.
Lack of capacity in majority of town planners, has roots in the quality of education imparted and seriousness and commitment on the part of both teachers and taught involved. As it stands today, majority of institutions involved in imparting education in planning are being run on an ad-hoc manner and by proxy. Only few institutions have regular teachers and regular students. Majority of planning institutions are being run on proxy with proxy students and proxy teachers. Education system including curricula used for teaching, needs, review, revision and redefinition to make it more relevant to rational for addressing the issues and challenges faced by the cities and towns.
Land as a Resource for urban finanace- 24-1-23.pptJIT KUMAR GUPTA
PPt tries to brief Land, as a gift of nature, is being grossly misused, abused , manipulated Land is globally used for providing platform for all human driven activities, based on living, working, culture of body/ mind and travel.
Limited availability, coupled with large number of human beings trying to source land, has invariably created large demand for land resource for human consumption. Land, in urban context, is required for meeting the specific needs of urban dwellers for residential, commercial, institutional, recreational, travel& traffic purposes besides providing space for infrastructures , amenities, services, trade and commerce etc. Land in urban context remains under large demand and command high price due to concentration of large population in small physical area, with stakeholders making competing claims.Rapid and uncontrolled growth in population experienced by urban areas has adversely impacted and generated considerable pressure on land resource in cities and towns , leading to large scale conversion, sub-division and illegal occupation of urban land. Unregulated and regulated pressure on land has largely been met by means of both formal/informal sub-division and development of land. Growth of the urban settlements and entire mechanism of urban planning and development remains land based/ land focused. In order to make optimum use of land resource on 24x7x365; making city planning, growth, development and management ,both rational. realistic, orderly and promoter of quality living, it will be critical and essential, that all ULBs are made to focus on eliminating culture and practices promoting un-authorized/ illegal sub-division of land for ushering an environment and era of planned urban development in the cities. Land needs to be effectively leveraged to generate resources for ULBs to make cities vibrant.
COST-EFFETIVE and Energy Efficient BUILDINGS ptxJIT KUMAR GUPTA
Built environment is known for its capacity, capability, role, relevance and importance to change the quality of life of the occupants and communities. Presentation focuses on options which need to be leveraged to make buildings sustainable, cost-effective, energy efficient, resource efficient, qualitative over its entire life-cycle through designing, construction, operation. It calls for making buildings green and sustainable.
Making Buildings cost-effective , Energy Efficient ptxJIT KUMAR GUPTA
Presentation focuses on options which need to be leveraged to make buildings sustainable, cost-effective, energy efficient, resource efficient, qualitative over its entire life-cycle
Ppt briefs about role, relevance, importance of the rating systems applicable in India, criteria used in assessing
greeness, weightage allocated, , brief of how these rating systems are applied, parameters involved; weightage granted, levels of rating granted , incentives given by states for green rated buildings and brief of suggestions, how to make rating system more effective, efficient, objective and transparent.
The phenomenon of global warming remains more pronounced in the urban areas, for the reason cities house large concentration of people and activities in a small/compact urban space.Densely-built downtown areas tend to be warmer than suburban residential areas or rural areas.. UHI not only raises urban temperatures but also increases ozone concentrations because ozone is a greenhouse gas whose formation will accelerate with the temperature. Tokyo, an example of an urban heat island. Normal temperatures of Tokyo go up higher than those of the surrounding area. However, it needs to be understood and appreciated that climate change is not the cause of urban heat islands but it is causing more frequent and more intense heat waves which in turn amplify the urban heat island effect in cities. Major reasons for ever growing global warming and climate change can be attributed to the; Nature and natural; Human-Driven; population; Rapid Urbanisation; Irrational Urban planning; High Density; Inefficient Transportation ;Large generation/consumption of fossil fuel based Energy; Unsustainable Buildings; Polluting Industry & Manufacturing; Unsustainable Agriculture; Irrational Development; Large scale Deforestation; Lack of open spaces and individual life-choices;
Making and Unmaking of Chandigarh - A City of Two Plans2-4-24.pptJIT KUMAR GUPTA
Presentation is a narrative of a
capital city- known for its innovative planning, designing, construction and management of a new capital . It briefs about the principles used in the planning and designing of city -by the first team of planners led by Albert Mayer and Mathew Nowicki-- followed by the second team led by Le- Corbusier, P Jenerette, Jane B Drew , Maxwell Fry. It also details about the various aspects of the city planning, planning of the sector as a neighbourhood, typologies of
various developmental controls used for regulating the construction of buildings. Innovations used for regulating the growth and development of periphery; redensification of city in case city exceeds its planned population of half a million, creating a narrative of city and periphery, innovative landscaping, defining an edict for the city to educate the future citizens of the capital city to safeguard the future growth and development besides lessons learnt from planning and designing the new cities.
Planning and Designing Green buildings-.issues, options and strategiesJIT KUMAR GUPTA
Affordability and sustainable development are considered anti-thesis across the world. Generally there exists conflict between the approach to sustainable built environment and affordable buildings. Sustainable development is considered more expensive. According to Middleton, ‘Sustainability and affordability aren’t mutually exclusive goals. It’s not about adding extra, but thinking more carefully about the design of buildings and incorporating technologies that can offset the rising costs of energy, water and other services. Affordability and sustainability are known to fit together perfectly’.
Through excellent design, buildings can be made more sustainable and affordable. Smaller the footprint of buildings, lower will be the upfront costs and embodied energy and lower shall be the running costs of buildings. Looking at the entire context of health, rising cost of amenities/services; Sustainable/Green designs are now being increasingly adopted, to make built environment more cost-effective and affordable. Considering the enormous amount of built environment to be created, India will have no option but to tread the path of sustainability and sustainable development in the built environment. Sustainable built environment would also help in and go a long way in achieving the majority of the 17 Sustainable Development Goals for the reason, built environment is known to be the largest consumer of energy, avoid wasteful use of resources and minimise generation of waste. Global sustainability will be largely contingent upon how effectively and efficiently we can make our buildings sustainable and qualitative through innovative/green design solutions based on local climate and culture, valuing site planning, embedding orientation, cross ventilation, using renewable/waste materials and involving state of the art building technologies.
_Neighborhood Planning in Capital City of Chandigarh- An Appraisal (2) - Copy...JIT KUMAR GUPTA
Neighborhood as an idea, concept, option and strategy has been extensively used locally and globally by the Urban Planners to plan and decentralize cities, create cities within cities, promote self-contained communities and to make cities more humane, safe and socially vibrant. Neighborhood has also been used recently to define the city in terms of travel time - making 10/15 minutes city
Accordingly, large typologies of NH ,in terms of planning and designing , with varying shapes, sizes and contents have emerged in the urban context. Americans have used superblock and French using Sector for defining the neighborhood. Despite distinct advantages, holding high degree of relevance in urban and local area planning , NH planning has not been able to deliver the envisioned objectives of safety and social vibrancy. Cities in the process have been socially, economically and physically fragmented, leading to clear division of cities into different communities with little economical and social connectivity. Variance of planning and designing norms followed at NH and sub-neighborhood levels have promoted more dichotomy and contradictions with varying quality of life inducted at local level. Differential population and infrastructures have divided the city into the categories of high/low end NH units. Fabric and morphology of cities, in large cases, has been distorted with urban settlement emerging as a distinct social map of communities graded economically and socially,on the basis of area/location . In the process, the way NH planning concept has been used, neighborhood planning has emerged as an instrument of social and economic segregation/division. In fact in number of cases, concept has been used, misused, abused in intent and content to divide the cities into distinct social and economic layers. Instead of unifying , concept has led to division of cities.
Genesis of modern application of NH can be found in the planning and designing of Chandigarh where entire city fabric of capital city was woven around Sector as the basic unit of planning, concptulasied as self-contained and self-sustaining unit at the local level. However, the way sectors have been planned, it has led to dividing the cities into different and distinct communities. Individual status in Chandigarh can be judged from his/her residence. Concept of Sector has done more damage than good to the fabric of the city. Chandigarh is likely to face considerable problem in making city socially and economically cohesive/vibrant,. Sectors in Chandigarh remain anti-thesis to the basic concept of NH planning of safety, involving walkability, vehicular movement, putting commercial space in the centre. Considering role, relevance, importance and usability , NH needs to be planned, designed with care and caution, in order to make cities socially and economically vibrant, inclusive. NH planning deserves a new definition and approach to make it relevant and rational.
Reviewing, Revising and Redefining Master Plans and Development Plans to Ma...JIT KUMAR GUPTA
Looking at its efficacy and efficiency, it can be seen and observed that Master Plans/ Development Plans have done more damage than good for the planned growth and development of the cities to which they have been made applicable. These plans have been violated with impunity both by the people, communities, cities and parastatal agencies; for the betterment/welfare of which these plans were prepared. These plans have been visualized as controller of development rather than promoters of development. Instead of planned development , these plans have been usherers of the unplanned development. These plans are known to be responsible for promoting large number of slums besides making quality of life poor for majority of the urban inhabitants. Cities under Master Plans are also known to promote exclusion rather than inclusion. Master Plans/Development Plans are known to promote prosperity for few and marginalize the large proportions of the local community by making them poor. Instead of catering to urban dynamism, Master Plans/Development Plans try to freeze the city, for next two decades, to which it is made to serve. Accordingly, these plans need to be reviewed , rationalised, revised and redefined to make them better Master Plans/Development Plans
Rationalizing the Planned Growth of Urban India- paper.docxJIT KUMAR GUPTA
Rapid and uncontrolled growth in population experienced by urban areas has adversely impacted and generated considerable pressure on land resource in cities and towns , leading to large scale conversion, sub-division and illegal occupation of urban land. Unregulated and regulated pressure on land has largely been met by means of both formal/informal sub-division and development of land. Growth of the urban settlements and entire mechanism of urban planning and development remains land based/ land focused, based on a strategy of sub-division of the land, dictated by the economic forces prevailing in the market. Irrational and ineffective public policies of urban planning and land sub-division, devoid of prevailing ground realities, have turned out to be incompatible with the demands of urban expansion, leading to large scale un-authorized and illegal sub-division of land. In the process, valuable land resources, gift of nature, has been misused, abused and mutilated in this race of uncontrolled and irrational urbanisation. In order to make optimum use of land resource; making city planning, growth, development and management ,both rational. realistic, orderly and promoter of quality living, it will be critical and essential, that all urban centres are made to focus on eliminating the culture and practices promoting un-authorized/illegal sub-division of land for ushering an environment and era of planned urban development in the country.
Suggestion and Options for integrating villages. within the framework of the...JIT KUMAR GUPTA
Preparing Master Plans/Development Plans for any urban settlements, basically and essentially, involves declaring a planning area for which the said long term plans are prepared. Planning area invariably includes and involves, number of rural settlements, which comprise of the planning area besides the urban settlement. It has been observed that in majority of cases, while detailed studies and analysis are carried out of the urban settlements but villages in the study and analysis remain marginalized, diluted and muted. Despite the fact, villages have critical role in the rational development of the urban settlement, but in preparing Master Plans their role and relevance is not made part of the said plan. Accordingly, this text tries to bring out the typologies of villages falling in the planning area and the suggested framework to develop these villages in making Master Plans, better Master Plan. In order to improve Master Plan qualitatively, quantitively, both in intent, contents and scope, It will be appropriate that all the villages falling in the planning area must be studied , analyzed and made integral part of the final outcome of the proposals of Master Plan. In-fact one Chapter must be exclusively dedicated to detail out the issues faced by the Villages and options which can be leveraged to promote the rational growth of villages ,as an integral part of the long term development of the urban settlement , for which the Master Plan is being prepared. This will help not only in integrating the urban- rural settlements falling in the planning area, but would also go a long way in promoting and ensuring rational growth and development of the urban settlement, for which the Master Plan is being prepared.
Managing Planning and Development of Citie- 26-2-24.docxJIT KUMAR GUPTA
Cities in India are known to be in perpetual crisis; facing numerous crises in terms of; crisis of rational growth, crisis of orderly and planned development; crisis of effective and efficient urban management; crisis of making provision of basic infrastructure and services; crisis of climate change; crisis of global warming; crisis of poverty, pollution and population and crisis of making human living and prevailing environment qualitative. These urban crises have genesis in the fact that cities in India, lack ownership, command, authority and lack of willingness to run and manage cities professionally and objectively. In majority of cases, cities in India are run by proxy. In terms of physical growth and development; large cities are marked by multiplicity of agencies claiming right/ownership of development over the urban areas, whereas smaller cities face absence of such ownership and are made to run, operate and function like orphans
Agenda, Approach and Options for Rationalising and Redefining Future Indian ...JIT KUMAR GUPTA
Government of India/state policies, programs, mission and agenda must move providing basic essentials to all its citizens through an efficient, objective and transparent system of governance. For making cities livable and empowering people; right to basics/essential of human living including; Right to shelter, food, clothing universal access to healthcare, education, employment , infrastructures, amenities and mobility; should be made integral part of Indian Constitution by embedding it as Fundamental Rights/Directive Principles of state policy besides making them integral part of planning, development and management/governance process of all human settlements.
-Redefining and Rationalising Development Controls - Copy.docxJIT KUMAR GUPTA
Globally recognised as engines of physical, social , economic growth and development, cities have been valued to be the future of humanity and communities. Housing major proportion of population, generating large employment; making major contribution to the economy; and providing quality infrastructure besides supporting and innovating state of art technologies, cities remain relevant and important for defining the agenda for growth and development of any state and communities. However, despite having large number of positivities; cities are also known for its dualities, contradictions, positivities and negativities. If cities have been promoting prosperity, they have also been at the forefront of promoting poverty, pollution, unplanned, haphazard, sub-standard development, climate change and global warming. Looking holistically, problems related to climate change , global warming and rising carbon footprints, environment and bio-diversity, can be largely attributed to the manner in which cities are being planned , manage and governed and buildings are being designed, constructed and operated. In the process, cities, as manmade entities, are fast emerging as embodiment of unplanned , haphazard and sub-standard development.
Globally ,it has been recognised that majority of urban ills have genesis in the typologies of Development Controls , made applicable at the local level for regulating the sub-division of land, determining land uses ; planning of the cities and designing, construction and operation of the built environment. In order to promote planned development, cities have been trying to experiment, invent, revise, review and rationalise the Development Controls periodically.
Capital cities like Chandigarh have clearly demonstrated the role and relevance of Development Controls in ushering an era of state of art urban development and creating quality-built environment. Chandigarh has also showcased that if Development Controls are not reviewed and revised periodically, they can prove to counter- productive and become a perpetual liability for the city and its development.
Considering the role , relevance and importance of Development Controls in making urban development rational and sustainable, there is an urgent tp look critically, objectively and holistically, at the context, genesis, intent and contents of different Development Controls made applicable in the urban settings in general and Capital city of Chandigarh in particular.
Providing a rational, realistic, effective and efficient framework for making Development Controls, more transparent, objective, community focussed, effective , efficient, rational and productive will remain critical to promote planned development and make cities more sustainable and better place to live and work.
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Our project explains about the student management. This project mainly explains the various actions related to student details. This project shows some ease in adding, editing and deleting the student details. It also provides a less time consuming process for viewing, adding, editing and deleting the marks of the students.
Overview of the fundamental roles in Hydropower generation and the components involved in wider Electrical Engineering.
This paper presents the design and construction of hydroelectric dams from the hydrologist’s survey of the valley before construction, all aspects and involved disciplines, fluid dynamics, structural engineering, generation and mains frequency regulation to the very transmission of power through the network in the United Kingdom.
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About
Indigenized remote control interface card suitable for MAFI system CCR equipment. Compatible for IDM8000 CCR. Backplane mounted serial and TCP/Ethernet communication module for CCR remote access. IDM 8000 CCR remote control on serial and TCP protocol.
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Indigenized remote control interface card suitable for MAFI system CCR equipment. Compatible for IDM8000 CCR. Backplane mounted serial and TCP/Ethernet communication module for CCR remote access. IDM 8000 CCR remote control on serial and TCP protocol.
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Indigenized remote control interface card suitable for MAFI system CCR equipment. Compatible for IDM8000 CCR. Backplane mounted serial and TCP/Ethernet communication module for CCR remote access. IDM 8000 CCR remote control on serial and TCP protocol.
• Remote control: Parallel or serial interface
• Compatible with MAFI CCR system
• Copatiable with IDM8000 CCR
• Compatible with Backplane mount serial communication.
• Compatible with commercial and Defence aviation CCR system.
• Remote control system for accessing CCR and allied system over serial or TCP.
• Indigenized local Support/presence in India.
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• Remote control: Parallel or serial interface.
• Compatible with MAFI CCR system.
• Compatible with IDM8000 CCR.
• Compatible with Backplane mount serial communication.
• Compatible with commercial and Defence aviation CCR system.
• Remote control system for accessing CCR and allied system over serial or TCP.
• Indigenized local Support/presence in India.
• Easy in configuration using DIP switches.
Courier management system project report.pdfKamal Acharya
It is now-a-days very important for the people to send or receive articles like imported furniture, electronic items, gifts, business goods and the like. People depend vastly on different transport systems which mostly use the manual way of receiving and delivering the articles. There is no way to track the articles till they are received and there is no way to let the customer know what happened in transit, once he booked some articles. In such a situation, we need a system which completely computerizes the cargo activities including time to time tracking of the articles sent. This need is fulfilled by Courier Management System software which is online software for the cargo management people that enables them to receive the goods from a source and send them to a required destination and track their status from time to time.
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1. Building Green through
Sustainable Structural
Design
Jit Kumar Gupta
Chairman, Chandigarh Chapter, IGBC, Chandigarh
jit.kumar1944@gmail.com
2. Population Scenario- India-2011
Buildings outcome of growing population
on planet earth
Construction of buildings/human numbers&
human requirements positively related
Population of India reached
1210 million in 2011
2050- Indian population- 1600 mil. -- 50% in
Urban India.
During last 100 years, India witnessed—
- -Urbanization level going up by 3 times
- --Urban settlements growing merely 4 times
- --Total Population multiplying 5 times
- -Urban population increasing 15 times and
- -Rural population increasing 3.5 times
Growing population requires
More cities, -More Buildings -- More
housing,
• More educational/ healthcare/ institutions
-- Built Space projected to be added in urban
3. Buildings- Role and Importance- Positive
Buildings-- integral part of human history, growth &
development
Buildings -- definer of human journey on planet earth
Buildings-- classified as manmade environment-
Buildings-- Essential for human living, growth,
development
Buildings – cater to all human activities
Buildings -- 80% human life spent in buildings
Buildings -- vital for humanity, community, society, cities,
environment, ecology, resources, - identity, privacy ,
security, safety, quality of life,
Buildings – are living organism
Studies revealed —
A Sustainable /energy-resource efficient/eco-friendly/green
School -- makes learning easy and more meaningful
A Sustainable House--- makes people happy & healthy
A Sustainable Hospital -- cures patients quickly
A Sustainable Shopping Mall– attracts more footfalls
4. BUILDINGS AS CONSUMERS OF
RESOURCES
•Despite numerous positivity;
•-building also have large negativities
• - in terms of;
•-- adverse impact on environment
• -- large consumption of resources in terms of :
16% -world’s fresh water withdrawal.
25%- wood harvested.
30% -consumption of raw material.
40% - global energy consumption.
35% - world's CO2 emission
40% - Municipal solid waste.
50% -Ozone depleting CFC’s still in use.
30% residents having sick building syndrome
( Roodman and Lenssen, 1995)
5. Buildings- Role and Importance-
Negative
Buildings- full of dualities and contradictions
70% global warming-- buildings / transportation
Buildings -- largest consumers of energy
Buildings - largest consumers of resources
Buildings – largest generators of waste
Buildings- largest polluter of environment /ecology
Buildings --- responsible for largest carbon footprints
Buildings -- responsible for global warming
Buildings -- major determinant of global sustainability
Buildings– providers of optimum/worst living conditions
Buildings -- make people healthy/sick
Buildings- & nature remain anti-thesis;
Buildings- & nature have inverse relationship
• Existing buildings--low concern for energy conservation.
• With annual construction placed at- 700-900msqmts in
urban India
• -energy/ environment implications of buildings will be
critical.
6. ENERGY CONSUMPTION -Buildings
•Globally, developed world - major consumer of
energy.
•Energy consumption in developing world low.
Category Population Energy Used
Developed world 22% 70%
Developing world 78% 30%
Energy Consumption increasing geometrically
due to -
- Massive Industrialization ,
- Rapid Urbanization
-- Increasing Prosperity,
- Emerging Globalization
China/USA consume-
3.5/11 times energy/ compared to India
40% energy consumed by buildings.
-- Construction -- 5% whereas
-35 %- energy used for operations/ maintenance
Building energy component largest
-- offer best option for energy reduction
--50% to 70%
9. Buildings in Layers of planning/construction
Buildings lifecycle revolves around ;
--Siting
-- planning/ designing,- Structure/services
--construction,
--operation,
-- maintenance
--Demolition
-Deconstruction- selective dismantling
for reuse, repurposing, recycling, waste management.
- Reconstruction
Role of - Architects/ Structural Engineers - Civil
Engineers/Service Providers
- remain critical /vital-- in planning, designing /
construction of buildings
10. Defining-Architecture/architectural
Design
Vitruvius-Roman-- father of Architecture- identified three
basic characters of buildings
Firmitas- Buildings to be structural stable- Engineering
Utilitas –Buildings to be useful for occupant-
owner/community- Architecture/Engineering
Venustas- Buildings to be aesthetically pleasing; beautiful to
look at - Architecture
Architectural Design defined as-
- art and science of designing spaces and
-external building envelop-
- that helps to create ambient/sustainable built environment
-- which is both functional, pleasing and eco-friendly
Architect–
--designs building keeping functional/environmental aspects in
mind-
- Design made reality/executed by Civil /Structural Engineer.
11. Defining-Structure / Structural
Designing
Structural Designing–
• -- art and science of designing internal skeleton
• -- to ensure building remains-
• - structurally safe, strong, against manmade/ natural
forces/disasters
• -- durable and economical
• - -- Sustainable Structure designed between two limits--
structural safety and economy.
• Structural Designing and Architecture
• -- two different and distinct
• -- but inter-related sciences
12. Sustainable Architectural/Structure --
Design
Sustainable building design --defined as design;
-which is constantly evolving
-has minimal impact on environment.
Where structure / processes remain
-- environmentally responsible
- resource-efficient
-- throughout life-cycle of building
Sustainable building/structural design includes/involves-
• minimizing material use, Specifying recycled materials ;
• Use of substitute materials; minimizing embodied energy,
Building for Environmental and Economic Stainability
Improving life-cycle performance; Making Buildings lean/smart
• Architectural Design & Structural Design
-- meaningless without each other.
- combination of creativity & technology.
-No building can be made sustainable without sustainable
structural design / sustainable construction
14. Sustainable Buildings/Structural Engineering -Relevance
Construction projects account for;
40% of carbon emissions 36% of energy used globally.
Sustainable structural engineering practices more important because;
Buildings –
-- play Critical role in impacting climate/ environment
- large consumers of energy/resource
- Responsible for large carbon emissions /waste generation
-Large Volume of built environment under construction
-- Rapidly changing typologies of buildings- High rise, Large
area footprints, large span buildings
-- Current Climatic Challenges faced Globally
--Buildings remain largely responsible for climate change
--Increasing carbon footprints
--Rapid Ozone depletion
• --Rising Temperatures
• --Global Warming-- threatening existence of coral reefs sea ice
15. Sustainable Buildings/Structural Engineering Relevance
• Rapidly melting Glaciers
• -Constant rising sea levels
• - Possibility of Vanishing large coastal cities
• -- increasing risk of flooding
• Changing (unpredictable) weather patterns
• - threatening food production
• Calls for making buildings/structure- sustainable,
• energy-efficient; resource efficient- Waste efficient
. Structural engineering activities involve:
• Construction activities– on green fields- risk destroying wildlife
habitats
• Consumption of large energy during construction
• Using Heavy plant machinery which relies on carbon fuels
• Embodied energy- within construction materials
• Buildings’ requiring large energy- during energy/operations
20. Defining Green Building- WGBC-1
‘Green’ building is a building that;
- in its design, construction / operation,
- reduces / eliminates
-- negative impacts, and
-- create positive impacts
-- on our climate /natural environment.
WGBC committed – through Green Buildings
-- Achieving following goals by 2050:
- Limiting global temperature rises to 2 degrees Celsius;
- Reducing building /construction sector’s CO2 emissions
by 84 gigatons ;
-- Ensuring all buildings made net zero emissions.
-- Ensuring buildings /construction sector fulfill ambition
of Paris Agreement.
21. Defining- Green Buildings-2
Green building is defined as;
an integrated process that focuses on;
relationship between built and natural environment.
-- minimizes negative environmental effects -
- maximize value
-- during whole life-cycle of building
- from;
--design,
-- construction,
-operation,
-- maintenance,
-- to renovation / demolition.
23. Green Building – The Definition
A green building is one which
Uses less
Water
Optimizes
Energy
Efficiency
Conserves
natural
resources
Generates
less
waste
Provides
healthier
spaces
25. Green Building- Characteristics
Characteristics of Green buildings :
Design Efficient
Structural Efficient
Energy-efficient
Water-conservation/Efficient
Resource-efficient
Material-focused/Material Efficient
-Using materials that minimize environmental impact .
Sustainability focused- Using Construction processes --
environmentally sustainable.
Design Focused- that minimally impacts environment.
Indoor air quality focused- Provide best possible indoor air
quality
Human focused- promote good health for users
Site Focused- Causing minimum site disturbance
Durability focused- Remains structurally/operationally
durable.
Land Focused-- Remains Compact-saves/conserves land
27. Tangible Benefits
Reduce operating costs
Optimize life cycle
economic performance
◦ Sustained savings
Energy savings: up to 50 %
Water savings: up to 40 %
HPCL-Admin Building, Vizag
28. In-tangible Benefits of Green Design
Environmental benefits
◦ Reduce impact on environment
Health and Safety benefits
◦ Enhance occupant comfort
Improve Productivity of occupants
ISRO-NRSC, Shadnagar, Hyderabad
29. •i. Green Building helps in :
• ii. Up to 50% --saving in Energy
•iii. Up to 40%-- saving in Water consumption
•iv. 35% -- Reduction in carbon emission
•v Reduction of 8000-12000 Tons of Co2-- per million Sq. ft. of building
• vi saving of 3 MW --in connected electric load / million Sq ft building
• vii Reduction of 70% waste -- facilitate easy handling
•viii Reduced load-- on municipal water handling plants
•ix Enhance brand image--attracting national/international companies
•x Better returns due to higher rents
•xi Benefits to State :
•Reduction of electric demand– less production capacity
•- saving 21000- 27000 MW for new construction to be added
•Reduction in solid waste- less waste to be carried/dumped
•Reduction in water requirement- less water sourced/supplied/smaller
network – lower development cost Reduction in waste water
•Financial benefits, Environmental benefits, Social benefits
BENEFITS OF GREEN BUILDINGS
31. Defining--Sustainable Structural Engineering
Sustainable structural engineering is defined as a practice which;
Minimize Environmental Pollution
Makes Structure supportive of Environment
• Conserve Environment - before, during/after structural construction phase.
Design buildings/structure-Energy focused/efficient
Minimizes Embodied Energy of structure
Minimizing energy use of finished construction – O&M Energy
Using low Embodied Energy materials
• Uses recyclable/renewable structural materials
• Maximizes durability of structural system
Minimizing on-site waste
Green structures- require less operating costs/cost-effective
Research claims -sustainable structural construction technologies
- could save annually $400 billion in global spending on energy specification/
Sustainable Structural engineering solution, helps in ;
• Improving life-cycle performance ;
• Specifying recycled materials ;
• Use of substitute materials
32. Approaching-Sustainable Structures
Consider technical, environmental, social, economic,
aesthetic aspects of structures-- during design, construction,
use, maintenance stages.
Know function of structure-- educational, residential,
historical, religious, commercial, institutional,.
Design to minimize depletion of raw /natural materials
Design using material– low embodied energy ,durable, locally
available materials, recycled/ reclaimed structural materials.
Minimize use of steel/concrete--maximize use of materials
with low negative impact on environmental
Design for sustainability -- beams, trusses, columns, arches,
Design for maximum structural flexibility– Considering
lifetime operations-enabling future changes in structure
Design -- Light--Reduced Self- load
Design -- Lean and Smart
34. COST OF BUILDING PROJECT-initial cost
Initial Building Project cost comprises of:
i Cost of Land, Land Registration, land survey
ii Cost of Designing , plan approval
iii Cost of developing Site
iv Cost of Construction
v Cost of Money
vi Carrying Charges
vi Government fees and Taxes
vii Cost of Advertisement
viii Legal expenses
ix Cost of Supervision
x Cost of Manpower and Security
xi. Cost of Equipment and Furniture
xii Transportation and Travel Charges
xiii Cost of Making buildings Green, Energy efficient
xiv Cost of Time
xv Contractor’ Margin
xvi Builder’s Margin
xvii Miscellaneous and Unforeseen Charges
35. Life -Cycle Cost of Building
Life Cycle Cost of building depends upon:
I Cost of land
ii Cost of construction
iii Cost of maintenance and
iv Cost of parts replacement cost
v. Disposal cost or salvage value, and
vi Useful life of system or building
Building cost viewed --in both -- short term & long term
Building cost also evaluated -- Initial Cost & Life Time
Cost
Short Time Cost includes-- Initial Cost of Construction of
building
Long Term Cost component --- whole life cost.
To promote Cost-Effective Building – Look at Life cycle
37. Building Year
awarded
Built-in Area
(sq.ft)
Rating
Achieved
%
Increase
in cost
Payback
(Yrs)
CII-Godrej GBC,
Hyderabad
2003 20,000 Platinum 18 % 7 years
ITC Green Centre,
Gurgaon
2004 1,70,000 Platinum 15 % 6 years
Wipro,
Gurgaon
2005 1,75,000 Platinum 8 % 5 years
Technopolis, Kolkata 2006 72,000 Gold 6% 3 years
Spectral Services
Consultants Office, Noida
2007 15,000 Platinum 8% 4 years
Kalpataru Square 2008 3,00,000 Platinum 2% 2 years
Suzlon One Earth, Pune 2010 8,00,000 Platinum 2% 2 years
Cost of Green Buildings-Indian Experience
Cost showing a decreasing trend over the years
Incremental Cost lower-- if base design has already factored normal Green features
38. Green Buildings- life cycle
costs
Operating Cost 89%
Maintenance/
Consumables 1%
Initial Cost
10%
40. Designing Green Buildings
1--Adopting integrated approach to building design
2.--Design based on Climate
Macro Climate – Regional climate;
Meso Climate– local climate
Micro Climate--Site climate -- based on site characteristics,
3.--Orientation -- to optimize natural light and heat gain/heat loss
4-- Sun movement-- to maximizes use of free solar energy for heating /lighting
5.--Wind direction---using movement of air for ventilation/ cooling
6. --Planning of Building-- to optimize site, shape of building, planning spaces,
allocating uses, placing of rooms, circulation, promoting building efficiency,
promoting natural sunlight, air /ventilation
7. --Designing Building Envelop--–positioning of openings & projections,
planning for shading devices, determining height/ shape of building, natural
lighting& ventilations etc
8.--Materials- Materials to be used for buildings- low embodied materials locally
available and in natural form, lightweight – reduce self load
9.--Technology- cost- effective, material efficient, speedier construction, energy
efficient
10.-Indoor Air Quality- Creating optimum living conditions for residents
41. Rediscovery of the Indian ethos
5 elements of Nature (Panchabhutas)-
Supported by Technology
Prithvi (Earth) Site Selection and Planning
Jal (Water) Water Conservation
Agni (Fire) Energy Efficiency
Vayu (Air) Indoor Environmental Quality
Akash (Sky) Daylight, Night Sky Pollution
Daylighting
Views
Water Body Local materials
44. Energy Efficiency
Green buildings reduce energy consumption in two ways-
i. Embodied energy- extract, process, transport and install building materials and
Ii. Operating energy-- to provide services to make buildings operational-- such as
heating, lighting, air conditioning, ventilation and power for equipment.
High-performance buildings use less operating energy,
Embodied Energy importance – upto 15.7 % of total energy consumption.
Use local materials/ materials which consume less energy for manufacturing
--buildings made of wood have lower embodied energy than steel/concrete
To reduce Operating energy –
--reduce air leakage through building envelop
--Specify high-performance windows
--Provide extra insulation in walls, ceilings, and floors.
-- use Passive solar building design
-- Orient windows and walls rationally ,
-- Use trees shade windows /roofs during summer for cutting sun- in hot areas/zones
- while ensuring maximizing solar gain in winter- in cold areas
-- effective window placement (day lighting)-- to provide more natural light /reduce need
for electric lighting during day.
-- Solar water heating reduces energy costs.
--Onsite generation of renewable energy through solar power wind power, hydro power
or biomass significantly reduce environmental impact Of building
45.
46. Cost effective strategy for energy efficiency
Reduce energy
demand by
passive measures
Reduce energy
demand by active
measures
Integration of
renewable energy
Least
cost
impact
Some
cost
impact
Highest
cost
impact
• Climate responsive
architectural design
• Efficient building envelope
• Daylight harvesting
• Integration of natural sources
for cooling & heating in
building design.
Offset energy demand from the
grid by installing on-site
renewable energy
• Energy efficient equipment
• Lights
• Fans
• Air- conditioners
• Efficient building Operation &
Maintenance through BMS (Building
Management System) & Smart
Metering
47.
48. Bahrain World Trade Center -
Bahrain
• Generating 15% energy from windmills
• Two 240 meter twin sky scrapers joined by
three windmill--, each 3 meters wide, attached to
walkways
49. Apple Park - Cupertino
Apple Corporate headquarters--Spaceship--design,
by Norman Foster
--12,000 employees --one of the most energy-efficient buildings in world.
• Temperature regulated with high tech ventilation-- tubes laid in ceilings main
building circular - 360 acres four-story circular building -64 acres. 80 % site
green space planted with drought-resistant trees and plants indigenous -
50.
51.
52.
53.
54.
55. Water Efficiency- 4Rs- Refuse, Reduce, Recycle,
Reuse
Adopt Strategies for reducing water consumption-
during Construction/Operation of buildings
Adopt Options for – Reducing water consumption during
construction
Adopting Strategies for –Using efficient technologies for Slow
the flow/ breaking water /water conservation/RW
Harvesting/Ground water charging/ multiple use of water
Designing for dual plumbing-- using recycled water for toilet
flushing / gray water system that recovers rainwater or other
non-potable water for site irrigation.
Minimizing wastewater-- use ultra low-flush toilets, low-flow
shower heads/ water conserving fixtures.
Using Re-circulating systems for centralized hot water
distribution.- using technology
Metering water use – both for domestic/ landscape separately-
Monitoring water consumption level
-- Promoting micro-irrigation /sprinklers / high-pressure sprayer-
- to supply water in non-turf areas.
Involving communities --Through education /incentives
Promoting Green /intelligent Buildings as a Brand
58. Material Efficiency
Material – known to play crucial role in
impacting
environment
Materials for a green building are ;
--obtained from natural/ renewable sources that
---managed / harvested in a sustainable way;
--obtained locally-- to reduce embedded energy
costs of transportation; or
salvaged from reclaimed materials at nearby sites.
Materials assessed using green specifications
-- looking at their Life Cycle Analysis (LCA)
--- embodied energy, durability, recycled content,
waste minimisation, and
59.
60.
61. Local Materials – Relevance in
Sustainability
Construction projects account for;
40% of carbon emissions 36% of energy used globally.
Sourcing other than local materials--
• 1.Quarrying raw materials -- involves polluting -water
sources (underground /surface waters)
• 2. Transporting & Manufacturing of raw materials/finished
goods- influence carbon emissions.
• 3 Cement manufacturing alone contributes;- 2.8 billion tons
of carbon emissions
• 4.Based on current increase in construction activities /
urbanization– risk of raising carbon emissions to 4 billion
tons annually.
63. Building Material impacting
temperature-
making buildings Energy efficient
Materials also help in modulating temperature
within Buildings by;
-- low absorption of heat through radiation
- Low absorption of heat through
conduction/convention
Using UV reflective paints -on exterior walls--
reduce heat gain of building.
Using; -- light color material including
--China mosaic white finish,
-- vermiculite concrete, -- polystyrene insulation –
as a roofing material
-- minimises heat gain -- into building
65. Green Material- Fly Ash Bricks-
Reduced Embodied Energy: using Fly ash- lime-
Gypsum bricks-- 40% reduction in embodied energy
of masonry.
Environment Friendly: Fly ash brick uses unfired
Fly Ash technology – limited CO2 emissions in
manufacturing process
Excellent Thermal Insulation: The buildings using
fly ash bricks -- cool in summers and warm in
winters.
High Fire Resistance: -- as these bricks composed of
fly ash as its major constituents, which is un-burnt
residue of the coal fired in a thermal power plant.
• No Efflorescence: Fly ash bricks resist salt and
other sulphate attack, ensuring no efflorescence in
structure.
71. Indoor Air Quality
•Indoor air quality essential for work places
--fosters better health
Good overall indoor environmental quality–
-- reduces respiratory disease, allergy, asthma, sick building
symptoms
-- enhance worker performance.
• When people main source of emission.--Carbon dioxide
concentration / indoor air quality in interiors
important indicator
-- whether quality of indoor air -- bad/good
• Poor indoor air quality leads to
--tiredness,
-- lack of concentration and
---- can even bring about illnesses.
72. Causes of Poor indoor air Quality
i. Poor ventilation
ii. Outdoor air quality/impurities
iii. Poorly insulated Building Envelop
iv. Smoking
v. Use of toxic building material
vi. Use of High VOC compound based paints for walls
vii. Dampness/water intrusion- microbial contamination
viii.Use of VOC based cleaning agents
ix. Poor Lighting
x. Furniture
xi. Floor Coverings- Carpets, Carpeting of floor
xii. Poor pollution controls-- during construction
xiii.Damaging existing vegetation/trees
xiv.Poor site planning/management
xv. Using pesticides
73. Indoor Air Quality
For Improving IAQ--
I Provide Good Ventilation system
II Choose construction materials
with low VOC emissions
iii Use sustainable building materials-
- like wood/recycled glass/ renewable
- materials like rubber / bamboo.
iv Choose interior finish products with Zero/
- low VOC emissions
V - Using - Indoor plants
VI. -Eliminating-- dampness
vii - Avoiding --Carpeting
viii. - Eliminating Smoking
ix. - Removing Impurities/CO2
74. Best air purifying plants for
general air cleanliness
Areca Palm Snake Plant
Best Air Purifier
Money Plant
Removes Nitrogen Oxides
& absorbs formaldehydes
Improving Indoor Air Quality through Plants –
Air Purifiers
76. HIGH RISE BUILDINGS:
have enormous capacity to create large volume of built space
--- sparing large ground space for non -urban uses.
provide optimum solutions for housing large
population/activities using minimum area.
Offer opportunities for pedestrianizing cities.
Make cities more humane & eco-friendly.
Make cities more compact
Reduce need for long travels.
Create well knit & close communities.
•Providing work space & amenities within/near
buildings-- to reduce travel within cities.
•High rise buildings-- connected by efficient means of
mass transportation --minimize use of personalized
vehicles.
• Cities would look;
•- more green, -open and eco-friendly.
Looking Forward - Reshaping Cities
77. Future Cities-Conceptual
Ultima Tower- 2Mile High Sky City
•Location: Any densely populated urban
environment
•-Date: 1991
•-Cost: $150,000,000,000
•Population: 1,000,000
•Exterior surface area of building: 150,000,000
sft
•Enclosed volume: 53,000,000,000 cubic feet
•Total enclosed acreage: 39,000 acres
•- 156 Chandigarh Sectors
•Elevator speed:-- 20 feet per second (13 miles
per hour)
•-- 9 minutes and 40 seconds to reach top
floor from ground floor.
•Dimensions: Height--10,560 feet;
•Diameter at the base--6000 feet;
•Number of stories--500;
79. 1. Building Design--PEARL RIVER TOWER-
GUANGZHOU, CHINANET ZERO ENERGY BUILDING
YEAR OF COMPLETION- 2011
SITE AREA-10635SQ.M.
PROJECT AREA- 214,100SQ.M.
(2.3MILLION SQ.FT.)
NO. OF STORIES- 71
HEIGHT OF BUILDING-309 M
ENERGY EFFICIENCY ACHIEVED
THROUGH
SOLAR PANELS
PHOTO VOLTAIC CELLS
WIND TURBINES
DAY LIGHT HARVESTING
DOUBLE SKIN CURTAIN WALLS
CHILLED CEILING WATER
UNDER FLOOR VENTILATION
80. 2. -Retrofitting
Retrofitting - method
of modifying /
repairing something after it
has been manufactured.
-- art /science of redefining the
use and purpose of an existing
building to make it relevant to
present needs without
demolition/ destroying the
existing buildings
Retrofitting work includes
changing/ repairing-- structure
system of a building after
its construction and
occupation.
leading to-increased safety /
durability of structure
81. 3. Using Pre- fabrication /Modular
Construction – manufacturing building
Pre-fabrication creating ---Sustainable Construction
Facilitates Building in Hazardous Area
Assured Quality Construction
Promoting Material Efficiency
Making Buildings Cost- Efficiency
Promoting Green Construction
Making Buildings Flexibility
Reduced Site Disruption
Promotes Time Efficiency
Promotes Safety
Reduce Water Consumption
- Reduce wastage /theft/ reduced manpower
84. 5. Using Materials from waste -Green Material-
Fly Ash Bricks-
Reduced Embodied Energy: using Fly ash-
lime- Gypsum bricks-- 40% reduction in
embodied energy of masonry.
• Environment Friendly: Fly ash brick uses
unfired Fly Ash technology -- CO2 emissions
in manufacturing process limited..
• Excellent Thermal Insulation: The buildings
using fly ash bricks -- cool in summers and
warm in winters.
• Fire Resistance: very high-- as these bricks
composed of fly ash as its major constituents,
which is un-burnt residue of the coal fired in a
thermal power plant.
• No Efflorescence: Fly ash bricks resist salt
and other sulphate attack, ensuring no
efflorescence in structure.
85. 6 Using Rat Trap Bond in Masonry
-Bricks placed in vertical position,
-- internal cavity created.
-- Saving Apprx 30% Material (brick and mortar)
--Cavity--Reduces cost of construction
-- Cavity provides- effective thermal/sound insulation
--making rat trap bond-- energy /cost efficient building
technology
- resulting in cooler interiors during summer / warmer
interiors during winter
All vertical / horizontal reinforced bands/ lintels (for
standard size openings),
-- electrical conduits hidden inside wall,
-- better aesthetic appearance without plastering
(exposed brickwork)
90. 10. Using Hollow blocks
Hollow blocks allow ;
• adoption of thinner
walls
• increased floor space,
• air space of -- 25%
block’s total area,
• saves material
• Lightweight
• less self-load of building
• use less material for
jointing
• Withstand earthquake
better
• easy to install
• Since blocks are precast,
-- surface is smoother
-- requires less plastering
material.
.
91. 11. Using Bottle Bricks
In rural Nigeria, a few creative visionaries have created
something called bottle brick technology that allows them
to build strong structures using water bottles and soil.
100. Lawrence Wilfred "Laurie" Baker (1917 – 2007) -- British-born Indian architect,
renowned for cost-effective/ energy-efficient architecture -- that maximized space,
ventilation /light / maintained striking aesthetic sensibility
101. Conclusion- Green Buildings
• United Nations Framework– Convention on Climate Change states that:
---Urban areas consume/generate- 70% of global energy / CO2 emission
--Built Area Requirement-By 2030—82 billion sqm (900 billion sqft)-60%
of total stock of world will be built
--by 2050 building sector must phase out CO2 ( Zero carbon built
environment)
• --Buildings critical to address ecological concern
• --Going green necessity/ imperative to ensure sustainable tomorrow
• - Let us make Sustainability our
• -- way of life,
• -- part of professional teaching- learning
• -- way of professional practice
• --Together we can and
• - we shall make difference
102. ‘A Sustainable building and Sustainable Structure makes
you
Happy, Healthy and More Productive,
Provides highest quality of indoor environment
- Optimizes Resources, , Reduces Waste,
- Minimizes Carbon Footprints
- Makes building operations simple, technology driven,
- cost effective and Energy efficient.
Makes business sense and Create win-win situation for
- owners, tenants, occupants, Community, place and environment
- – ‘Natural Capitalism’
