This document discusses challenges and opportunities for sustainable energy in Michigan. It begins by noting that Michigan's energy supply is heavily non-renewable and high in carbon intensity, while energy demand faces issues of inefficiency and affordability. The speaker then discusses tools like life cycle assessment that can measure sustainability performance across sectors like transportation, buildings, and food. Specifically, he notes that the use phase typically dominates life cycle impacts for many products and durable goods. Sustainable solutions require addressing both supply and demand issues through policies, technologies, and individual actions.
Acceleration the utilization of Renewable Energy Sampe Purba
Presented in Asean Clean Energy Week, November 2020
Despite the pandemic covid 19, Indonesia commits to promote the utilization of Renewable Energy in our Energy Mix
This document discusses energy security and resilience challenges facing the ASEAN region. It makes the following key points:
1) Fossil fuels, particularly coal, will continue dominating ASEAN's energy mix in the coming decades due to abundant coal reserves and coal remaining competitive on cost.
2) ASEAN countries' dependence on Middle Eastern oil imports is projected to increase significantly by 2050, increasing concerns over emergency preparedness for supply disruptions.
3) Achieving global climate targets will require dramatically reducing the share of fossil fuels, especially coal, in ASEAN's power sector mix, though fossil fuels will continue playing an important role in economic growth.
4) Affordable energy access remains a
A report published by the Center for Climate and Energy Solutions in June 2013 which looks at how the use of natural gas can be paired with renewable energy sources in the coming years to further reduce so-called greenhouse gas emissions--carbon and methane--which theoretically will help reduce (don't laugh), "climate change." Of course the climate changes all the time, but don't tell the politicians and Mother Earth worshipers that.
On July 23, 2010, the MIT Energy Initiative (MITEI) and the Bureau of Economic Geology at the
University of Texas (UT-BEG) co-hosted a symposium on the Role of Enhanced Oil Recovery
(EOR) in Accelerating the Deployment of Carbon Capture and Sequestration (CCS). The motivation
for the symposium lies with the convergence of two national energy priorities: enhancement
of domestic oil production through increased tertiary recovery; establishment of large-scale CCS
as an enabler for continued coal use in a future carbon-constrained world. These security and
environmental goals can both be advanced by utilizing the carbon dioxide (CO2) captured from
coal (and natural gas) combustion for EOR, but many questions remain about the efficacy and
implementation of such a program at large scale. The symposium aimed to lay out the issues and
to explore what might be an appropriate government role.
The Commission for Environmental Cooperation's Executive Director talks about renewable energy markets in North America at the April 18 public forum on North America's Energy Future in Toronto. Find out more at http://www.cec.org/energy2012
The document summarizes key discussions from a symposium on using enhanced oil recovery (EOR) to accelerate deployment of carbon capture and storage (CCS) technologies. It finds that EOR currently uses around 65 million metric tons of CO2 annually, capturing around 5% of US oil production, but that EOR could potentially store 35-50 billion barrels of additional oil using larger volumes of CO2. It notes challenges to integrating EOR and CCS programs, given different motivations of operators, but finds EOR could store the CO2 from 15 years of all US coal plants or 60 years from 25% of coal plants. It emphasizes issues around ensuring permanent CO2 storage and accounting for recycled CO2 in EOR
Emerging Opportunities with the Low Carbon Fuel StandardThe Climate Trust
Emerging Opportunities with the Low Carbon Fuel Standard: biogas climate benefits, environmental markets for biogas, ownership of attributes, key barriers and emerging solutions.
Renewable Energy Strategies For The Indian Railways QZ1
This document discusses renewable energy strategies for the Indian Railways. It begins by acknowledging the importance of energy and sustainable development. It then provides context on the current energy usage and requirements of the Indian Railways.
The document analyzes renewable energy options in the UK and EU to identify those applicable to railroads. Key options discussed include wind, solar, hydroelectric, and biomass/biofuels. It performs an in-depth analysis of using biodiesel as an alternative fuel for the Indian Railways.
Lastly, the document puts forth a strategy for the Indian Railways to adopt renewable energy sources to achieve energy security, sustainable development, and minimize environmental impacts. It recommends specific measures based on trends in
Acceleration the utilization of Renewable Energy Sampe Purba
Presented in Asean Clean Energy Week, November 2020
Despite the pandemic covid 19, Indonesia commits to promote the utilization of Renewable Energy in our Energy Mix
This document discusses energy security and resilience challenges facing the ASEAN region. It makes the following key points:
1) Fossil fuels, particularly coal, will continue dominating ASEAN's energy mix in the coming decades due to abundant coal reserves and coal remaining competitive on cost.
2) ASEAN countries' dependence on Middle Eastern oil imports is projected to increase significantly by 2050, increasing concerns over emergency preparedness for supply disruptions.
3) Achieving global climate targets will require dramatically reducing the share of fossil fuels, especially coal, in ASEAN's power sector mix, though fossil fuels will continue playing an important role in economic growth.
4) Affordable energy access remains a
A report published by the Center for Climate and Energy Solutions in June 2013 which looks at how the use of natural gas can be paired with renewable energy sources in the coming years to further reduce so-called greenhouse gas emissions--carbon and methane--which theoretically will help reduce (don't laugh), "climate change." Of course the climate changes all the time, but don't tell the politicians and Mother Earth worshipers that.
On July 23, 2010, the MIT Energy Initiative (MITEI) and the Bureau of Economic Geology at the
University of Texas (UT-BEG) co-hosted a symposium on the Role of Enhanced Oil Recovery
(EOR) in Accelerating the Deployment of Carbon Capture and Sequestration (CCS). The motivation
for the symposium lies with the convergence of two national energy priorities: enhancement
of domestic oil production through increased tertiary recovery; establishment of large-scale CCS
as an enabler for continued coal use in a future carbon-constrained world. These security and
environmental goals can both be advanced by utilizing the carbon dioxide (CO2) captured from
coal (and natural gas) combustion for EOR, but many questions remain about the efficacy and
implementation of such a program at large scale. The symposium aimed to lay out the issues and
to explore what might be an appropriate government role.
The Commission for Environmental Cooperation's Executive Director talks about renewable energy markets in North America at the April 18 public forum on North America's Energy Future in Toronto. Find out more at http://www.cec.org/energy2012
The document summarizes key discussions from a symposium on using enhanced oil recovery (EOR) to accelerate deployment of carbon capture and storage (CCS) technologies. It finds that EOR currently uses around 65 million metric tons of CO2 annually, capturing around 5% of US oil production, but that EOR could potentially store 35-50 billion barrels of additional oil using larger volumes of CO2. It notes challenges to integrating EOR and CCS programs, given different motivations of operators, but finds EOR could store the CO2 from 15 years of all US coal plants or 60 years from 25% of coal plants. It emphasizes issues around ensuring permanent CO2 storage and accounting for recycled CO2 in EOR
Emerging Opportunities with the Low Carbon Fuel StandardThe Climate Trust
Emerging Opportunities with the Low Carbon Fuel Standard: biogas climate benefits, environmental markets for biogas, ownership of attributes, key barriers and emerging solutions.
Renewable Energy Strategies For The Indian Railways QZ1
This document discusses renewable energy strategies for the Indian Railways. It begins by acknowledging the importance of energy and sustainable development. It then provides context on the current energy usage and requirements of the Indian Railways.
The document analyzes renewable energy options in the UK and EU to identify those applicable to railroads. Key options discussed include wind, solar, hydroelectric, and biomass/biofuels. It performs an in-depth analysis of using biodiesel as an alternative fuel for the Indian Railways.
Lastly, the document puts forth a strategy for the Indian Railways to adopt renewable energy sources to achieve energy security, sustainable development, and minimize environmental impacts. It recommends specific measures based on trends in
The document provides a final report on a project to design a rooftop greenhouse and bio-diesel processing plant for an elementary school. Key details include:
1) The greenhouse will be heated using bio-diesel produced on-site from used vegetable oil obtained locally. A bio-diesel processing plant and boiler will be built to produce heat for the greenhouse.
2) Safety is a top priority given the school setting. Dangerous chemicals will be locked away and exhaust vented properly. The design accommodates 10-15 students.
3) The 20' x 50' greenhouse and 332 sq ft processing plant will fit on the school roof. Students will help maintain the greenhouse and learn about renewable
Renewable Energy Technologies for Poverty Alleviation: South Africa QZ1
This document provides an executive summary of a report on renewable energy technologies for poverty alleviation in South Africa. It discusses South Africa's energy policy priorities and targets for renewable energy. It also analyzes the needs, technologies, resources and potential cases studies for renewable energy. Three case studies are summarized: biodiesel, solar water heaters, and fuelwood. The document examines the capacity, niches and experiences for implementing various renewable technologies to alleviate poverty in South Africa.
This document analyzes the renewable energy potential in Jamaica. It finds that Jamaica has abundant renewable resources like wind, biomass, and solar that remain largely untapped. Currently, about 8% of Jamaica's total energy supply comes from renewable sources. The document recommends that Jamaica develop these renewable resources to reduce its reliance on imported fossil fuels, save on foreign exchange costs, and provide local employment. It identifies opportunities for increased electricity generation from wind, hydropower, bagasse, and solar and proposes policy actions and incentives to promote renewable energy development.
Renewable energy is becoming more competitive globally and offers opportunities for the GCC region. Summarizing the key points:
1) Electricity generation costs from renewables like solar and wind are falling rapidly and investments in renewables have increased significantly in recent years.
2) The GCC region is experiencing rising energy demand from population growth, industrialization, and a harsh climate requiring cooling. This growing demand and the region's high carbon footprint provides a rationale for energy diversification including renewables.
3) Many GCC countries have announced targets and plans to increase renewable energy, such as Saudi Arabia's target of 54GW by 2032 including 41GW from solar. Renewables can provide fuel savings, emission reductions, and economic benefits
ENHANCING THE CAPACITY OF THE CURRENT GENERATION IN RENEWABLE ENERGY AND ENER...Felix Amankwah Diawuo
A Lecture which seeks to provide sustainable energy options in meeting the energy shortfall in Ghana. This presentation dwells on RE adoption and energy management practices
Harris, MEMR - Indonesia's RE Investment Promotion Strategy in Eastern IslandsOECD Environment
Presentation by Harris, MEMR - OECD Focus Group Discussion: Investment models for scaling up renewable energy deployment in Indonesia's eastern islands, 21 October 2020
A Research On The Energy Challenge: Problems and Prospects & Role of Green En...WeSchool
India faces significant energy challenges to fuel its fast-growing economy, including rising energy demand, dependence on imported oil, environmental issues from coal, and an inefficient electric grid. Green energy from solar, wind, hydro, and biomass shows promise to help meet India's energy needs in a more sustainable way. However, green energy projects face challenges related to high costs and inconsistent supply. The Clean Development Mechanism established under the Kyoto Protocol could help incentivize green energy development in India by generating revenue from carbon credits.
The Carbon Nexus - Boilers, Power Plants, and Strategic Energy ManagementVeritatis Advisors, Inc.
Lender, Insurers, manufacturers, regulators lack standardized methods to gauge the accuracy of predicted energy consumption thus financial savings from energy efficiency upgrades. This presentation captures the nexus of relevant issues in recently published case study and market experience. Author Don Macdonald of Veritatis Advisors, 2015
1) Jamaica relies heavily on oil for electricity production, accounting for about 90% of generation. In response, Jamaica has initiated a fuel diversification program to reduce dependence on oil and stabilize electricity prices.
2) World energy trends show oil, coal, and natural gas will remain dominant fuels for electricity through 2030, with increasingly high prices. Natural gas is projected to have the highest price after oil, but poses fewer environmental concerns than coal.
3) For Jamaica, natural gas represents an attractive alternative fuel option due to projected high oil prices and environmental issues with coal. However, economic use of natural gas depends on factors like transportation methods and regulatory frameworks addressing safety and environmental impacts.
This presentation gives an overview on how our current unsustainable energy supply systems can be transformed to sustainable energy systems? There is a special focus on the challenges for developing countries. The findings are based on the book from Peter Hennicke & Susanne Bodach "Energierevolution - Effizienzsteigerung und erneuerbare Energien als neue globale Herausforderungen" (Oekon Verlag 2010).
Presentation held on World Environment Day 2010 (2010-06-06) in Kathmandu, Nepal.
Governor Murphy, through Executive Order 28, has set New Jersey on the path toward transitioning to 100% clean energy by 2050.
In June, the Board of Public Utilities (BPU) issued a draft of an updated Energy Master Plan (EMP) that encompasses a dramatically broader scope than previous EMPs, and features a series of seven strategies that will guide the state to address the imminent threat of climate change and to reach Governor Murphy’s 100 percent clean energy goal.
This timely webinar features experts who will provide an overview of the EMP draft, and how it has the potential to result in significant economic benefits, including the creation of new jobs, industries and workforce development opportunities for the state’s residents and business community.
The NJ BPU is accepting comments on the EMP draft until September 16th. Please join us so that you can add your voice with others in the sustainable business community to help make the EMP a strong and effective roadmap to creating a clean energy economy.
The FY 2013 Budget Request for the U.S. Department of Energy's Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy program seeks $2.267 billion, an increase of $457.7 million over FY 2012. Key goals include making renewable electricity competitive without subsidies by 2030 through initiatives for solar, wind, water, and geothermal technologies. In transportation, the goals are to reduce oil imports by 1/3 by 2025 through electric vehicles, biofuels, and advanced batteries and fuel cells. The budget restructures EERE programs along a technology readiness level approach from research through commercialization.
Pulse Energy Webinar - Strategies for Reducing Energy Use on CampusPulse Energy
Are you charged with reducing energy consumption and greenhouse gases on your campus? View this webinar to learn how two top universities are meeting this challenge by reducing building energy use.
This webinar featured Jerome Conraud, McGill's Energy Manager, Utilities & Energy Management, and John Metras, University of British Columbia's Managing Director of Infrastructure Development and their presentation of:
* UBC's ECOTrek project and the keys to its success in reducing energy consumption across the campus by 23%
* McGill's plans for reducing campus energy use by 12%
* The role of building energy management software in communicating energy conservation to internal and external stakeholders
The document discusses Peachtree Green Advisors, an investment banking firm focused on clean technology and renewable energy transactions. It provides an overview of the company's services, including capital raising, mergers and acquisitions, and grant advisory work. It also summarizes key energy and climate trends like declining fossil fuel usage in the US, growing foreign oil dependence, and government policies and investments driving increased renewable energy adoption.
This document discusses issues and challenges facing India's energy sector. It notes that India is both a major energy producer and consumer, ranking 7th in production and 5th in consumption globally. Meeting future energy needs is a major challenge as over half the population lacks access to electricity or commercial energy. Coal remains the primary energy resource but reserves will only last 140 more years at current production levels. Import dependence for oil and gas is rising and will likely increase further. Renewable sources currently contribute around 3-6% of energy but will need to supply more to address climate change and energy security concerns.
This document explores how the efficiency of converting coal into electricity at coal-fired power plants is measured and reported. It discusses factors that influence efficiency values and emissions reporting, and presents a generic methodology for reconciling efficiency measurements on a common basis to allow for accurate comparisons. The methodology accounts for variables such as coal quality, plant configuration, and operating conditions. It recommends establishing an international database of power plant performance data to help identify underperforming plants for potential efficiency improvements. This would help policymakers monitor and regulate coal use for power generation in a more sustainable manner.
The Asia CCUS Network has been successfully launched on 22-23 June 2021 with initially 13 countries (all ASEAN member countries, the United States, Australia, and Japan) and more than 100 international organisations, companies, financial and research institutions that share the vision of CCUS development throughout the Asian region.
The Network members have expressed their intention to participate to share the vision of the Asia CCUS Network that aims to contribute to the decarbonisation of emissions in Asia through collaboration and cooperation on development and deployment of CCUS.
The Asia CCUS Network provides opportunities for countries in the region to work and collaborate on the low emission technology partnership that will eventually help to build countries’ capability to lower the cost of CCUS technology and its deployment through the collaboration of research and innovation.
At the 2nd Asia CCUS Network (ACN) Knowledge Sharing Conference, the Asia CCUS Network is very pleased to invite experts from the Department of Energy, United States of America (USDOE) to share their insights and experiences about CCUS development and policy to support the deployment of CCUS technology.
The ACN will be an active forum to bridge the knowledge gap on CCUS technologies, policy development to support the development and deployment of CCUS in Asia. Thus, this conference hosted in collaboration with IEA will help to bring in update knowledge, opportunity for investment in CCUS in Asia.
A Civil Society Organization and Networks Position Paper with Suggested Issue...ENVIRONMENTALALERTEA1
This position paper is an output from several CSOs engagements coordinated by Environmental
Alert with financial support from Norad within the framework of ‘Increasing access to
sustainable and renewable energy alternatives in the AlbertineGraben’ that is implemented
by WWF-Uganda Country Office
The document discusses the advantages and opportunities of increasing the direct use of natural gas in homes and buildings. It outlines that natural gas has numerous advantages over other fuels, including lower consumer costs, greater resource efficiency, reduced emissions, and an abundant domestic supply. However, it also notes some constraints and challenges to greater adoption like higher upfront installation costs, misaligned builder and consumer incentives, and inconsistent energy policies. The document recommends developing full fuel cycle analyses, improving product labeling and aligning costs/incentives to realize the benefits of increased natural gas use.
The document provides a final report on a project to design a rooftop greenhouse and bio-diesel processing plant for an elementary school. Key details include:
1) The greenhouse will be heated using bio-diesel produced on-site from used vegetable oil obtained locally. A bio-diesel processing plant and boiler will be built to produce heat for the greenhouse.
2) Safety is a top priority given the school setting. Dangerous chemicals will be locked away and exhaust vented properly. The design accommodates 10-15 students.
3) The 20' x 50' greenhouse and 332 sq ft processing plant will fit on the school roof. Students will help maintain the greenhouse and learn about renewable
Renewable Energy Technologies for Poverty Alleviation: South Africa QZ1
This document provides an executive summary of a report on renewable energy technologies for poverty alleviation in South Africa. It discusses South Africa's energy policy priorities and targets for renewable energy. It also analyzes the needs, technologies, resources and potential cases studies for renewable energy. Three case studies are summarized: biodiesel, solar water heaters, and fuelwood. The document examines the capacity, niches and experiences for implementing various renewable technologies to alleviate poverty in South Africa.
This document analyzes the renewable energy potential in Jamaica. It finds that Jamaica has abundant renewable resources like wind, biomass, and solar that remain largely untapped. Currently, about 8% of Jamaica's total energy supply comes from renewable sources. The document recommends that Jamaica develop these renewable resources to reduce its reliance on imported fossil fuels, save on foreign exchange costs, and provide local employment. It identifies opportunities for increased electricity generation from wind, hydropower, bagasse, and solar and proposes policy actions and incentives to promote renewable energy development.
Renewable energy is becoming more competitive globally and offers opportunities for the GCC region. Summarizing the key points:
1) Electricity generation costs from renewables like solar and wind are falling rapidly and investments in renewables have increased significantly in recent years.
2) The GCC region is experiencing rising energy demand from population growth, industrialization, and a harsh climate requiring cooling. This growing demand and the region's high carbon footprint provides a rationale for energy diversification including renewables.
3) Many GCC countries have announced targets and plans to increase renewable energy, such as Saudi Arabia's target of 54GW by 2032 including 41GW from solar. Renewables can provide fuel savings, emission reductions, and economic benefits
ENHANCING THE CAPACITY OF THE CURRENT GENERATION IN RENEWABLE ENERGY AND ENER...Felix Amankwah Diawuo
A Lecture which seeks to provide sustainable energy options in meeting the energy shortfall in Ghana. This presentation dwells on RE adoption and energy management practices
Harris, MEMR - Indonesia's RE Investment Promotion Strategy in Eastern IslandsOECD Environment
Presentation by Harris, MEMR - OECD Focus Group Discussion: Investment models for scaling up renewable energy deployment in Indonesia's eastern islands, 21 October 2020
A Research On The Energy Challenge: Problems and Prospects & Role of Green En...WeSchool
India faces significant energy challenges to fuel its fast-growing economy, including rising energy demand, dependence on imported oil, environmental issues from coal, and an inefficient electric grid. Green energy from solar, wind, hydro, and biomass shows promise to help meet India's energy needs in a more sustainable way. However, green energy projects face challenges related to high costs and inconsistent supply. The Clean Development Mechanism established under the Kyoto Protocol could help incentivize green energy development in India by generating revenue from carbon credits.
The Carbon Nexus - Boilers, Power Plants, and Strategic Energy ManagementVeritatis Advisors, Inc.
Lender, Insurers, manufacturers, regulators lack standardized methods to gauge the accuracy of predicted energy consumption thus financial savings from energy efficiency upgrades. This presentation captures the nexus of relevant issues in recently published case study and market experience. Author Don Macdonald of Veritatis Advisors, 2015
1) Jamaica relies heavily on oil for electricity production, accounting for about 90% of generation. In response, Jamaica has initiated a fuel diversification program to reduce dependence on oil and stabilize electricity prices.
2) World energy trends show oil, coal, and natural gas will remain dominant fuels for electricity through 2030, with increasingly high prices. Natural gas is projected to have the highest price after oil, but poses fewer environmental concerns than coal.
3) For Jamaica, natural gas represents an attractive alternative fuel option due to projected high oil prices and environmental issues with coal. However, economic use of natural gas depends on factors like transportation methods and regulatory frameworks addressing safety and environmental impacts.
This presentation gives an overview on how our current unsustainable energy supply systems can be transformed to sustainable energy systems? There is a special focus on the challenges for developing countries. The findings are based on the book from Peter Hennicke & Susanne Bodach "Energierevolution - Effizienzsteigerung und erneuerbare Energien als neue globale Herausforderungen" (Oekon Verlag 2010).
Presentation held on World Environment Day 2010 (2010-06-06) in Kathmandu, Nepal.
Governor Murphy, through Executive Order 28, has set New Jersey on the path toward transitioning to 100% clean energy by 2050.
In June, the Board of Public Utilities (BPU) issued a draft of an updated Energy Master Plan (EMP) that encompasses a dramatically broader scope than previous EMPs, and features a series of seven strategies that will guide the state to address the imminent threat of climate change and to reach Governor Murphy’s 100 percent clean energy goal.
This timely webinar features experts who will provide an overview of the EMP draft, and how it has the potential to result in significant economic benefits, including the creation of new jobs, industries and workforce development opportunities for the state’s residents and business community.
The NJ BPU is accepting comments on the EMP draft until September 16th. Please join us so that you can add your voice with others in the sustainable business community to help make the EMP a strong and effective roadmap to creating a clean energy economy.
The FY 2013 Budget Request for the U.S. Department of Energy's Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy program seeks $2.267 billion, an increase of $457.7 million over FY 2012. Key goals include making renewable electricity competitive without subsidies by 2030 through initiatives for solar, wind, water, and geothermal technologies. In transportation, the goals are to reduce oil imports by 1/3 by 2025 through electric vehicles, biofuels, and advanced batteries and fuel cells. The budget restructures EERE programs along a technology readiness level approach from research through commercialization.
Pulse Energy Webinar - Strategies for Reducing Energy Use on CampusPulse Energy
Are you charged with reducing energy consumption and greenhouse gases on your campus? View this webinar to learn how two top universities are meeting this challenge by reducing building energy use.
This webinar featured Jerome Conraud, McGill's Energy Manager, Utilities & Energy Management, and John Metras, University of British Columbia's Managing Director of Infrastructure Development and their presentation of:
* UBC's ECOTrek project and the keys to its success in reducing energy consumption across the campus by 23%
* McGill's plans for reducing campus energy use by 12%
* The role of building energy management software in communicating energy conservation to internal and external stakeholders
The document discusses Peachtree Green Advisors, an investment banking firm focused on clean technology and renewable energy transactions. It provides an overview of the company's services, including capital raising, mergers and acquisitions, and grant advisory work. It also summarizes key energy and climate trends like declining fossil fuel usage in the US, growing foreign oil dependence, and government policies and investments driving increased renewable energy adoption.
This document discusses issues and challenges facing India's energy sector. It notes that India is both a major energy producer and consumer, ranking 7th in production and 5th in consumption globally. Meeting future energy needs is a major challenge as over half the population lacks access to electricity or commercial energy. Coal remains the primary energy resource but reserves will only last 140 more years at current production levels. Import dependence for oil and gas is rising and will likely increase further. Renewable sources currently contribute around 3-6% of energy but will need to supply more to address climate change and energy security concerns.
This document explores how the efficiency of converting coal into electricity at coal-fired power plants is measured and reported. It discusses factors that influence efficiency values and emissions reporting, and presents a generic methodology for reconciling efficiency measurements on a common basis to allow for accurate comparisons. The methodology accounts for variables such as coal quality, plant configuration, and operating conditions. It recommends establishing an international database of power plant performance data to help identify underperforming plants for potential efficiency improvements. This would help policymakers monitor and regulate coal use for power generation in a more sustainable manner.
The Asia CCUS Network has been successfully launched on 22-23 June 2021 with initially 13 countries (all ASEAN member countries, the United States, Australia, and Japan) and more than 100 international organisations, companies, financial and research institutions that share the vision of CCUS development throughout the Asian region.
The Network members have expressed their intention to participate to share the vision of the Asia CCUS Network that aims to contribute to the decarbonisation of emissions in Asia through collaboration and cooperation on development and deployment of CCUS.
The Asia CCUS Network provides opportunities for countries in the region to work and collaborate on the low emission technology partnership that will eventually help to build countries’ capability to lower the cost of CCUS technology and its deployment through the collaboration of research and innovation.
At the 2nd Asia CCUS Network (ACN) Knowledge Sharing Conference, the Asia CCUS Network is very pleased to invite experts from the Department of Energy, United States of America (USDOE) to share their insights and experiences about CCUS development and policy to support the deployment of CCUS technology.
The ACN will be an active forum to bridge the knowledge gap on CCUS technologies, policy development to support the development and deployment of CCUS in Asia. Thus, this conference hosted in collaboration with IEA will help to bring in update knowledge, opportunity for investment in CCUS in Asia.
A Civil Society Organization and Networks Position Paper with Suggested Issue...ENVIRONMENTALALERTEA1
This position paper is an output from several CSOs engagements coordinated by Environmental
Alert with financial support from Norad within the framework of ‘Increasing access to
sustainable and renewable energy alternatives in the AlbertineGraben’ that is implemented
by WWF-Uganda Country Office
The document discusses the advantages and opportunities of increasing the direct use of natural gas in homes and buildings. It outlines that natural gas has numerous advantages over other fuels, including lower consumer costs, greater resource efficiency, reduced emissions, and an abundant domestic supply. However, it also notes some constraints and challenges to greater adoption like higher upfront installation costs, misaligned builder and consumer incentives, and inconsistent energy policies. The document recommends developing full fuel cycle analyses, improving product labeling and aligning costs/incentives to realize the benefits of increased natural gas use.
Overview of Bioenergy Scenarios in TIMES modellingIEA-ETSAP
The document summarizes scenarios for bioenergy use in energy system models developed by IEA ETSAP. It provides an overview of the IEA ETP modeling framework and how bioenergy technologies are represented. It then gives two examples of bioenergy scenarios: 1) the IEA ETP scenarios which estimate a need for 145 EJ of sustainable bioenergy by 2060 for a 2 degree pathway, focusing on transport, and negative emissions technologies for below 2 degrees. 2) A study of Ireland's energy system which found implementing land use change emissions significantly impacted the role of bioenergy due to increased costs.
Today’s renewable energy sources are very important for lots of countries. Therefore, many countries start to change and implement their policies. Especially, in Turkey and Europe the importance of solar and wind energies influence the energy policies.
Modelling global macroeconomic impacts of a carbon constrained energy system ...IEA-ETSAP
This document outlines a proposed structure and initial results from modelling the global macroeconomic impacts of decarbonizing the energy system using an integrated energy-economy model called ETSAP-TIAM-MSA. The model links the bottom-up energy system model ETSAP-TIAM with a macroeconomic model called MSA. Initial results show that meeting climate targets leads to lower carbon emissions but can reduce GDP by up to 5% in some regions by 2050 compared to baseline scenarios without climate policy. The model captures non-linear demand responses to energy costs that cannot be represented by simple demand elasticities. Further work is needed to refine regional calibrations and test sensitivities.
Development of the pathways to achieve SE4ALL 2030 objectivesIEA-ETSAP
The document discusses pathways to achieve the Sustainable Energy for All (SE4ALL) energy efficiency objective through 2030. It analyzes scenarios using the ETSAP-TIAM model to determine what additional policies and technologies are needed. The reference scenario applies current carbon and efficiency policies. Alternative pathways apply targets for energy efficiency, renewable energy, and universal access. Model runs show the renewable and efficiency scenarios each reduce primary energy use and carbon emissions by 2030, with combined scenarios having the greatest impact. Achieving all three SE4ALL objectives still requires further climate policies to reach global temperature targets.
The document discusses how smart grid technology can help maximize the use of renewable energy generation and the deployment of electric vehicles (EVs). It explains that a smart grid allows for more decentralized and distributed energy resources, better integration of variable renewable sources like wind and solar, and support of time-responsive and demand-side management strategies. This includes facilitating off-peak charging of EVs in a way that shifts miles to electricity and lower greenhouse gas emissions compared to conventional vehicles. The document advocates for smart grid policies that encourage reliability, efficiency, and renewable energy accommodation.
Program and Policy Innovations at the Water Energy Nexus, presented by Meredith Younghein at the Electrochemical Energy Summit in San Francisco on October 27.
Utilizing solar+storage to obviate natural gas peaker plants Clean Coalition
This document discusses how energy storage can replace natural gas peaker plants and new transmission lines by providing reliable local capacity through distributed energy resources like solar and storage. It summarizes a study that found solar+storage could meet local capacity needs in the Moorpark area more cost effectively than a proposed natural gas plant, even when accounting for long term fuel and maintenance costs. The study also found solar+storage could meet transmission reliability needs more cost effectively than a proposed new transmission line from Moorpark to Pardee. The document argues energy storage is key to transitioning to a more distributed, renewable and resilient grid architecture.
This document summarizes a technology strategy for greening the Cape and Islands region of Massachusetts. It outlines the context of energy challenges and policies, presents an inventory of the region's current energy use and emissions, and identifies priority technology areas and high impact projects to reduce fossil fuel dependence and transition to renewable energy sources. These include improving building envelopes and heating systems, promoting biofuels and electric vehicles, developing offshore wind and community-scale renewable projects, and integrating smart grid technologies. The strategy estimates the region could achieve around 70% energy independence and cut carbon emissions by 61% through these initiatives.
The document discusses the benefits of pursuing energy efficiency as a utility system resource and local economic development strategy for municipal utilities. It argues that energy efficiency is much cheaper than producing new energy and provides examples where efficiency programs have saved significant amounts of energy equivalent to large power plants. The document also highlights Burlington Electric Department as an excellent municipal utility example that has achieved substantial energy savings through long-term energy efficiency investments and programs.
The document discusses energy policy recommendations from the IEEE-USA Energy Policy Committee. It provides background on IEEE and IEEE-USA as the world's largest technical professional organization and advocates for US engineers. The committee's expertise includes various areas of power systems. The document makes recommendations in transportation like electrifying vehicles, power supply like expanding renewables and revitalizing nuclear, and building a smarter and more flexible electric grid.
Energy Reimagined - Influencing outcomes of the future of energy mixEY
What's the recipe for tomorrow's energy mix? We explored three scenarios around the present and future of the energy landscape as introduced at EY’s Energy Reimagined Summit.
This document summarizes a dissertation analyzing the financial and economic viability of recovering marine plastic pollution through a scheme proposed by The Ocean Cleanup organization. It finds that while recovering plastic debris is not financially viable due to high costs, it is economically viable when considering the substantial damages plastic pollution causes to marine ecosystems and industries. Though crowdfunding alone is insufficient, funding from governments or polluting industries could make plastic recovery schemes economically worthwhile by reducing pollution's multi-billion dollar annual costs to societies and economies that rely on ocean resources.
Executive VP of Programs and Development Brian Castelli traveled to Mexico City to present at EXPO INCYTAM 2008, where he offered energy efficiency solutions for Latin American cities burdened by the effects of pollution and global climate change.
This CEE-hosted event provided a technical overview of the resource modeling behind Minnesota’s first-ever alternative resource plan. Presentation given by: Kevin Reuther- Minnesota Center for Environmental Advocacy, Anna Sommer- Sommer Energy LLC, Michelle Rosier- Sierra Club MN North Star Chapter
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Leading policy, industry, and technical experts highlight renewable natural gas as a climate strategy and current experience, trends, and opportunities in U.S. states and regions.
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Miracles continue at Michigan Medicine, where the University of Michigan is using 3D printing to aid patients receiving customized medical implants and applications and where 3D printed tracheal splints have also helped to save the lives of infants and young children.
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Whether it is “Startup Weekend” or “Maker Week”, student inventors and entrepreneurs in Michigan are developing business start-ups at a rapid rate. At the University of Michigan, Startup Weekend by Google for Entrepreneurs, managed by the U-M student organization, MPowered, launched an amazing “startup-athon” of innovation and creation.
U-M students, researchers, and entrepreneurs are collaborating to develop community focused, real-world solutions that are leading to game-changing economic opportunities in Michigan and beyond.
The document provides an overview of an integrated assessment being conducted on hydraulic fracturing in Michigan. It includes an agenda, background on the Graham Institute conducting the assessment, key points from technical reports produced, the guiding question and goals of the integrated assessment, participants in the assessment, potential policy topics to be examined, and the timeline for the assessment. The integrated assessment aims to analyze policy options for managing hydraulic fracturing through stakeholder engagement and by building on technical reports addressing topics like technology, environment, health and economics.
Designed to increase mutual knowledge and understanding between the university and the people and communities of the state, the tour introduces participants to locations the majority of U-M students call home. It also encourages university service to the public and suggests ways faculty can address state issues through research, scholarship, and creative activity.
Camp KinoMaage is a week-long, hands-on science summer camp for middle school students from Michigan Native American tribes. Students who participate in this residential program explore a number of questions about science and culture through investigations at the University of Michigan Biological Station on Douglas Lake, near Pellston, MI.
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Presentation by the Center for Local, State and Urban Policy (CLOSUP) for the University of Michigan Wolverine Caucus Forum. Featured speakers: Dr. Debra Horner (Bio), Project Manager; Tom Ivacko (Bio), Program Manager (Invited); Center for Local, State, and Urban Policy (CLOSUP), UM Gerald R. Ford School of Public Policy
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Camp Kinomaage is a week-long, hands-on science summer camp held at the University of Michigan Biological Station on Douglas Lake, near Pellston, Michigan for middle school students from Michigan Native American tribes.
The document discusses population trends in Michigan from 2000 to 2010. It shows that Michigan experienced slow population growth during this period, with a net loss due to domestic migration out of the state and relatively low birth rates. As a result, Michigan lost political representation and economic stimulus from population growth. The aging population profile and decline in manufacturing jobs also reshaped Michigan's demographics during this period.
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Libraries are facing major changes due to new technologies like Google and digitization. While digitization reduces storage and access costs, copyright laws may restrict the sharing of digitized materials. The HathiTrust digital library holds over 10 million volumes but only a small portion are in the public domain. To thrive, libraries will need to revise rights policies to take advantage of technology, redefine their missions around sharing and collaboration, and preserve both digital and physical materials.
The document provides an agenda and information for the 2012 Michigan Road Scholars Tour Orientation. The tour will take place from April 30 to May 4 and will expose participants to Michigan's economy, government, culture, education and social issues. Key stops include the State Capitol, Sault Ste. Marie, Traverse City, Grand Rapids, Benton Harbor, Detroit and discussions with leaders across sectors. Participants will learn about the state and communities that many University of Michigan students call home.
This document outlines reasons why investing in arts and culture makes sense for reinventing Michigan. It discusses several arts organizations and their positive economic and social impacts. Ten key reasons are provided for why arts investment is important, including that the arts are an industry, boost tourism, support economic development, and help develop 21st century job skills. The document also notes how arts investment aligns with goals for reinventing Michigan from the governor's plan and a public engagement campaign. It concludes with recommendations for a new arts agency and increased funding.
The document provides an agenda and overview for the 2011 Michigan Road Scholars Tour organized by the University of Michigan. The 3-day educational tour was designed to: 1) expose faculty participants to Michigan's economy, government, culture and issues; 2) encourage university service and research on state topics; and 3) foster interdisciplinary discussion among faculty from different areas. The itinerary included visits to educational institutions, businesses, and community organizations across northern and southeast Michigan, with presentations and discussions on regional issues. Participants were given information on travel arrangements, packing suggestions, and transportation by motor coach between locations.
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Chapter wise All Notes of First year Basic Civil Engineering
Syllabus
Chapter-1
Introduction to objective, scope and outcome the subject
Chapter 2
Introduction: Scope and Specialization of Civil Engineering, Role of civil Engineer in Society, Impact of infrastructural development on economy of country.
Chapter 3
Surveying: Object Principles & Types of Surveying; Site Plans, Plans & Maps; Scales & Unit of different Measurements.
Linear Measurements: Instruments used. Linear Measurement by Tape, Ranging out Survey Lines and overcoming Obstructions; Measurements on sloping ground; Tape corrections, conventional symbols. Angular Measurements: Instruments used; Introduction to Compass Surveying, Bearings and Longitude & Latitude of a Line, Introduction to total station.
Levelling: Instrument used Object of levelling, Methods of levelling in brief, and Contour maps.
Chapter 4
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Chapter 5
Transportation: Introduction to Transportation Engineering; Traffic and Road Safety: Types and Characteristics of Various Modes of Transportation; Various Road Traffic Signs, Causes of Accidents and Road Safety Measures.
Chapter 6
Environmental Engineering: Environmental Pollution, Environmental Acts and Regulations, Functional Concepts of Ecology, Basics of Species, Biodiversity, Ecosystem, Hydrological Cycle; Chemical Cycles: Carbon, Nitrogen & Phosphorus; Energy Flow in Ecosystems.
Water Pollution: Water Quality standards, Introduction to Treatment & Disposal of Waste Water. Reuse and Saving of Water, Rain Water Harvesting. Solid Waste Management: Classification of Solid Waste, Collection, Transportation and Disposal of Solid. Recycling of Solid Waste: Energy Recovery, Sanitary Landfill, On-Site Sanitation. Air & Noise Pollution: Primary and Secondary air pollutants, Harmful effects of Air Pollution, Control of Air Pollution. . Noise Pollution Harmful Effects of noise pollution, control of noise pollution, Global warming & Climate Change, Ozone depletion, Greenhouse effect
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1. Palancharmy, Basic Civil Engineering, McGraw Hill publishers.
2. Satheesh Gopi, Basic Civil Engineering, Pearson Publishers.
3. Ketki Rangwala Dalal, Essentials of Civil Engineering, Charotar Publishing House.
4. BCP, Surveying volume 1
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Sustainable Energy Futures for Michigan
1. Sustainable Energy Futures for
Michigan: Challenges, Opportunities and
the Role you Play
Gregory A. Keoleian
Director, Center for Sustainable Systems
Peter M. Wege Professor of Sustainable Systems
Professor of Environmental Engineering
University of Michigan
Wolverine Caucus
January 27, 2016
3. Sustainability
• Sustainable Development definition:
“… development that meets the needs of the present
without compromising the ability of future
generations to meet their own needs.”
– United Nations World Commission on Environment and
Development (1987) = Brundtland Commission
• Tools for measuring sustainability performance
– Life cycle assessment
– Life cycle cost analysis
Dr. Gro Brundtland
Former Prime Minister of Norway
Former Executive Director of the World Health Organization
4. Energy Sustainability Issues in Michigan
• Energy Supply
– Heavily non-renewable
– High carbon intensity
• Energy Demand
– Inefficiency of stock
– Affordability and insecurity for low income
households
4
5. • Michigan renewable mix was
only 6.8%
• MI has no new RPS target to
drive renewable energy
6. Renewable Portfolio Standard Policies
www.dsireusa.org / June 2015
WA: 15% x 2020*
OR: 25%x 2025*
(large utilities)
CA: 33%
x 2020
MT: 15% x 2015
NV: 25% x
2025* UT: 20% x
2025*†
AZ: 15% x
2025*
ND: 10% x 2015
NM: 20%x 2020
(IOUs)
HI: 100% x 2045
CO: 30% by 2020
(IOUs) *†
OK: 15% x
2015
MN:26.5%
x 2025 (IOUs)
31.5% x 2020 (Xcel)
MI: 10% x
2015*†WI: 10%
2015
MO:15% x
2021
IA: 105 MW IN:
10% x
2025†
IL: 25%
x 2026
OH: 12.5%
x 2026
NC: 12.5% x 2021 (IOUs)
VA: 15%
x 2025†
KS: 20% x 2020
ME: 40% x 2017
29 States + Washington
DC + 3 territories have a
Renewable Portfolio
Standard
(8 states and 1 territories have
renewable portfolio goals)
Renewable portfolio standard
Renewable portfolio goal Includes non-renewable alternative resources* Extra credit for solar or customer-sited renewables
†
U.S. Territories
DC
TX: 5,880 MW x 2015*
SD: 10% x 2015
SC: 2% 2021
NMI: 20% x 2016
PR: 20% x 2035
Guam: 25% x 2035
USVI: 30% x 2025
NH: 24.8 x 2025
VT: 75% x 2032
MA: 15% x 2020(new resources)
6.03% x 2016 (existing resources)
RI: 14.5% x 2019
CT: 27% x 2020
NY: 29% x 2015
PA: 18% x 2021†
NJ: 20.38% RE x 2020
+ 4.1% solar by 2027
DE: 25% x 2026*
MD: 20% x 2022
DC: 20% x 2020
http://www.dsireusa.org/summarymaps
/
RPS has been the most influential mechanism for transforming the
US grid
8. Clean Power Plan
• US EPA rule that would require each state to reduce
carbon emissions from existing fossil-fueled power
plants
– calls for the state to reduce the emissions rate by 39.4%,
• Reduce carbon dioxide emission rate from 1,928 pounds per megawatt
hour of energy generated as of 2012 to 1,169 pounds per megawatt
hour, by 2030
• Least cost plan by UM Study (EIA gas price projection)
– Cost-effective energy efficiency corresponds to utility energy
efficiency resource standard of about 1.5% per year.
Implementing sufficient renewable generation to comply with
EPA’s draft rule for the Clean Power Plan corresponds to a
Renewable Portfolio Standard of approximately 28% by 2030
as well as aggressive improvements in the heat rates of the
remaining coal plants.
9. Turnover of many
systems is slow which
impacts the rate of
transformation
High efficiency
standards are critical
Purchase and policy decisions
can have long term consequences
10. Material
Processing
Use
Manufacture
& Assembly
Retirement
& Recovery
ServiceDisposal
Raw Material
Acquisition
recycling
reuse
Life Cycle Assessment
Primary Materials
(e.g., ores, biotic resources)
Recycled Materials
(open loop recycling)
Primary Energy
(e.g., coal)
Air pollutants
(e.g., Hg)
Water pollutants
(e.g., BOD)
Solid waste
(e.g., MSW)
Products
(e.g., goods, services)
Co-products
(e.g., recyclables, energy)
remanufacture
• metrics for evaluating environmental sustainability
11. System: Mid-sized 1995 Sedan
Sponsors: US Consortium for Automotive Research
• Chrysler • American Iron and Steel Institute
• Ford • Aluminum Association
• GM • American Plastics Council
Life Cycle Inventory of a Generic Vehicle
identify a set of metrics to
benchmark the environmental
performance
12. Life cycle energy
(6 GJ = 1 barrel of crude oil)
0
200
400
600
800
1,000
1,200
Mtl. Prd. Mfg. &
Assembly
Fuel Use Maint. E-o-L Total
life cycle stages
lifecycleenergy(GJ)
all highway
all city
14. TA6 Project 3: Fuel Economy and GHG
Emissions Labeling and Standards for EVs
from a Life Cycle Perspective
MacPherson, N.D., G.A. Keoleian, and J.C. Kelly, “Fuel economy and greenhouse gas emissions
labeling for plug-in hybrid vehicles from a life cycle perspective” Journal of Industrial Ecology
(2012) 16(5): 761-773.
NERC
Region
Map
Increased utilization of electric mode for the Volt
15. Key Sustainability Drivers:
IPAT Equation
I = P x A x T
I = total environmental impact from
human activities
P = population
A = affluence or per capita consumption
T = environmental damage from
technology per unit of consumption
Source: Ehrlich and Holdren (1971)
16. Impact of Automobiles in U.S.
I1
=
(impact)
P x
(population)
A x
(affluence)
T
(technol.)
gallons
(billion)
pop.
(million)
vmt/
capita
gallons/
mile
1970 80.1 204 5098 1/13.0
2009 133.1 307 8833 1/20.4
change +66% +51% +73% -36%
Source data from TRANSPORTATION ENERGY DATA BOOK: EDITION 30–2011
2025 Fuel Economy Standards: 54.5 mpg
20. Concrete overlay
ECC overlay
HMA overlay
Overlay length is 10 km. Traffic flow is
70000/day (four lanes). Annual traffic
growth rate is 0% in the baseline
model. Truck percentage is 8%.
Reconstruction
Overlay structure
Preservation timeline
Concrete
Overlay 2
0
0
6
2
0
1
6
2
0
2
6
2
0
3
6
2
0
4
6
HMA
Overlay
ECC
Overlay
Overlay Construction
Minor Maintenance
Major Maintenance
1.2 m 3.6 m
Existing Reinforced Concrete Pavement
175mm Concrete Overlay
25mm Asphalt Pre-Overlay
100mm ECC Overlay
40mm Top Course
90mm Base Course
60mm Leveling Course
Sustainable Pavement Asset Management Based on Life Cycle
Models and Optimization Methods
21. Sustainable Mobility Drivers
• Use phase dominates life cycle impacts
• More efficient modes are underutilized
• Vehicle electrification advantages require shift toward
greater renewables deployment
• Life cycle framework useful for road infrastructure
management and policy
• Inexpensive fuel
– Challenge for OEMs to sell efficient vehicles
– Opportunity for tax revenues to improve roads and other low carbon
policies
22. Life Cycle Analysis of a Residential
Home in Michigan
Keoleian, G.A., S. Blanchard, and P. Reppe “Life Cycle Energy, Costs, and Strategies for
Improving a Single Family House” Journal of Industrial Ecology (2000) 4(2): 135-156.
23. Energy Efficient Strategies Utilized
• Increase wall insulation (R-35 double 2x4) Use-phase
• Reduce air infiltration (Caulking) Use-phase
• Increase ceiling insulation (R-60 cellulose) Use phase
• Insulation in basement (R-24) Use-phase
• High perfomance windows (lowE-coating, argon fill) Use-phase
• Energy-efficient electrical appliances Use-phase
• All fluorescent lighting Use-phase
• Building-integrated shading (overhangs) Use-phase
• W aste hot water heat exchanger Use-phase
• Air-to-air heat exchanger Use-phase
• Recycled-materials roof shingles Embodied Energy
• W ood foundation walls/cellulose insulation Embodied Energy
24. Summary of Life Cycle Results
Life Cycle
Inventory of:
Unit Standard
Home
Energy Efficient
Home
MASS Metric
Tons
306 325
ENERGY GJ 16,000 6,400
GLOBAL
WARMING
GASES
Metric
Tons
1,010 370
25. Figure 3. Life cycle energy consumption for SH and EEH
31
34
1,6691,509
4,725
14,493
0
2,000
4,000
6,000
8,000
10,000
12,000
14,000
16,000
18,000
SH EEH
GJ
demolition
use / maintenance
fabrication / construction
Initial construction/
total life cycle energy 9% 26%
?
100%
Zero Energy Home
26. Life Cycle Costs
1998 Energy Prices
Mortgage
$546,314
Price = $240,000 Mortgage = 30 years, 7%
10,130 kWh Annual Electricity Usage
141,554 kBtu Annual Gas Heating Usage
Cost of Energy Constant over 50 years
Maintenance
$180,828
Electricity
$40,520
Natural Gas
$32,699
Standard Home
Total Cost = $800,361
Mortgage
$598,216
Price = $262,800 Mortgage = 30 years, 7%
4,1730 kWh Annual Electricity Usage
30,400 kBtu Annual Gas Heating Usage
Cost of Energy Constant over 50 years
Maintenance
$177,049
Electricity
$16,692
Natural Gas
$7,029
Energy Efficient Home
Total Cost = $798,986
27. Life Cycle Costs
2012 Energy, Home, Mortgage Prices
Mortgage
$545,528
Price = $338,650 Mortgage = 30 years, 4%
10,130 kWh Annual Electricity Usage
141,554 kBtu Annual Gas Heating Usage
Cost of Energy Constant over 50 years
Maintenance
$255,156
Electricity
$63,081
Natural Gas
$50,959
Standard Home
Total Cost = $914,724
Mortgage
$597,354
Price = $370,822 Mortgage = 30 years, 4%
4,173 kWh Annual Electricity Usage
30,400 kBtu Annual Gas Heating Usage
Cost of Energy Constant over 50 years
Maintenance
$249,824
Electricity
$24,829
Natural Gas
$10,954
Energy Efficient Home
Total Cost = $882,962
28. Status of Code Adoption: Residential
Overview of the currently adopted residential energy code in each state
as of November 1, 2011
30. Average Size of a New U.S. Single-Family
House
Center for Sustainable Systems, University of Michigan. 2015. “Residential Buildings
Factsheet.” Pub. No. CSS01-08. October 2015 CSS Factsheet Collection
19% decrease
persons per household
3.14 2.54
31. Sustainable Building Drivers
• Use phase dominates life cycle impacts
• Consumption patterns unsustainable
• Large existing stock should be focus
• Technology exists for transformations
– Initial cost for adoption of new technology a barrier
• Incentives and policy mechanisms are not aggressive
enough
– Codes are lacking for improving existing stock
– Government programs should emphasize weatherization
32. The Food System Life Cycle
Origin of
(genetic)
resource
Agricultural
growing and
production
Food
processing,
packaging
and
distribution
Preparation
and
consumption
End of life
production consumption
total system
Heller, M. and G. Keoleian “Assessing the sustainability of the U. S. food system: A life cycle
perspective” Agricultural Systems (2003) 76: 1007-1041.
33. 0
2000
4000
6000
8000
10000
12000
fossil energy in food energy out
trillionBTUs
7.3 units of energy
consumed to produce
1 unit of food energy
3900 calories made available
/person/day
Agricultural
Production
Processing
Packaging
Transport
Household
Storage and
Preparation
Commercial
Retail
34. Optimal Replacement Policy
1985 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 2015 2020
Cost
GHG
EnergyEnergy
GHG
Cost
• Replace refrigerators that consume more than 1000
kWh/year of electricity (typical mid-sized 1994 models
and older – original study)
– would be an efficient strategy both cost and energy standpoint.
Kim, H.C., G.A. Keoleian, Y.A. Horie, “Optimal household refrigerator replacement policy for life
cycle energy, greenhouse gas emissions, and cost” Energy Policy (2006) 34(15): 2310-2323.
36. Overeating: Body Mass Index
BMI = Weight in kilograms ÷ [Height in meters]2
Obesity
Underweight BMI less than 18.5
Overweight BMI of 25.0 to 29.9
Obese BMI of 30.0 or more
39. Food Drivers
• Food security vs obesity epidemic
– Food deserts in urban areas
• Greatest leverage point in life cycle lies with
reducing consumption and waste
– Reduction by one third is not unrealistic
• Diet shifts in addition to reduction in calories
• Agricultural policy and markets are not focused
on delivery the greatest nutritional value
Heller, M.C., G.A. Keoleian, W.C. Willett. “Toward a Life Cycle-Based, Diet-level
Framework for Food Environmental Impact and Nutritional Quality Assessment: A
Critical Review.” Environmental Science & Technology (2013) 47(22): 12632-12647.
43. “Use phase” dominates life cycle energy for many durables
Product System
(functional unit)
Total Life
Cycle
Energy (GJ)
Average Life
Cycle
Energy (GJ)/
Year
Use Phase
(%)
Mixed Use Commercial
Building (75 years,
78,500ft2)
2,300,000 3,100 98%
Residential Home
(50 years, 2450 ft2)
16,000 320 91%
Passenger Car
(120,000 miles,
10 years)
1,000 100 85%
Household Refrigerator
(20 ft3, 10 years)
110 11 94%
Desktop Computer
(3 years, 3300 hrs)
17 5.6 34%
Office File Cabinet (one
cabinet, 20 years)
2.4 0.12 0%
Source: Center for Sustainable Systems