The document provides an overview of surface anatomy, which is the study of external features of the human body that can be seen or felt. It discusses how surface anatomy is important for clinical practice and medical education. Examples of surface landmarks that can be used to locate deeper structures are provided, such as the clavicle, sternum, ribs, iliac crest and spine. The document also notes how surface features can provide clues about underlying health conditions.
Skeleton system- bones and their number with detailed description.bhartisharma175
this ppt consist of skeleton system and its types. it consist of every individual bone and their number in adult human being. easy to understand for students as well as for teachers.
What is the spine?
Your body's main supporting structure is your spine, also known as your backbone. It links several musculoskeletal system components. Your spine supports you as you sit, stand, walk, bend, and twist. Back injuries, disorders affecting the spinal cord, and other issues can harm the spine and result in back discomfort.
Overview of the Nervous System and Its DivisionsAyeshaNoor775174
This presentation provides a thorough exploration of the nervous system, encompassing its central and peripheral divisions, along with detailed insights into its functional components and clinical implications. Topics covered include the structure of the central nervous system (CNS) and peripheral nervous system (PNS), the anatomy of cranial and spinal nerves, the autonomic nervous system (ANS) and its sympathetic and parasympathetic divisions, as well as clinical considerations such as dermatomes, muscle innervation, and modifications of autonomic activities.
Explore the diverse world of muscles, including skeletal, smooth, and cardiac types. Learn about their functions, anatomy, nerve supply, and importance in clinical assessment. Discover how muscles work together to produce movement and understand the implications of muscle tone, attachments, and shape. Gain insights into cardiac muscle necrosis and its consequences.
Skeleton system- bones and their number with detailed description.bhartisharma175
this ppt consist of skeleton system and its types. it consist of every individual bone and their number in adult human being. easy to understand for students as well as for teachers.
What is the spine?
Your body's main supporting structure is your spine, also known as your backbone. It links several musculoskeletal system components. Your spine supports you as you sit, stand, walk, bend, and twist. Back injuries, disorders affecting the spinal cord, and other issues can harm the spine and result in back discomfort.
Overview of the Nervous System and Its DivisionsAyeshaNoor775174
This presentation provides a thorough exploration of the nervous system, encompassing its central and peripheral divisions, along with detailed insights into its functional components and clinical implications. Topics covered include the structure of the central nervous system (CNS) and peripheral nervous system (PNS), the anatomy of cranial and spinal nerves, the autonomic nervous system (ANS) and its sympathetic and parasympathetic divisions, as well as clinical considerations such as dermatomes, muscle innervation, and modifications of autonomic activities.
Explore the diverse world of muscles, including skeletal, smooth, and cardiac types. Learn about their functions, anatomy, nerve supply, and importance in clinical assessment. Discover how muscles work together to produce movement and understand the implications of muscle tone, attachments, and shape. Gain insights into cardiac muscle necrosis and its consequences.
6.pptx: Understanding Joint Stability: Factors and MechanismsAyeshaNoor775174
Description: Learn about the key factors influencing joint stability: articular surfaces, ligaments, and muscle tone. Understand how joint morphology, ligament integrity, and muscle strength contribute to preventing injuries and maintaining proper function.
**Joint Classification: Simplifying Types and Functions**AyeshaNoor775174
**Title:**
Understanding Joint Classification
**Description:**
Explore the three main types of joints—fibrous, cartilage, and synovial joints—based on the tissues present between bones. Learn about their structures, movements, and examples to understand how they contribute to skeletal function and mobility.
This presentation provides an overview of bone development processes, including membranous and endochondral ossification. It discusses the types of cartilage and their roles, along with common bone disorders such as fractures, rickets, and epiphyseal plate disorders. The presentation aims to enhance understanding of skeletal growth, structure, and related clinical conditions.
Exploring Bone Marrow: Composition, Functions, and Clinical InsightsAyeshaNoor775174
Unlock the mysteries of bone marrow with this comprehensive presentation. Delve into the intricate composition of red and yellow bone marrow, understanding their roles in hematopoiesis and energy storage. Explore the process of hematopoiesis, where hematopoietic stem cells give rise to various blood cell types, and learn about the clinical significance of bone marrow in diagnosing and treating hematological disorders such as anemia, leukemia, and multiple myeloma. Discover the pivotal role of advanced imaging modalities like X-ray, MRI, and CT scans in assessing bone marrow health. Whether you're a medical professional or an anatomy enthusiast, this presentation provides valuable insights into the complex world of bone marrow.
"Foundations of Human Anatomy: Exploring Skin, Fascia, and Bone"AyeshaNoor775174
"Foundations of Human Anatomy: Exploring Skin, Fascia, and Bone" is an educational presentation designed to provide a comprehensive understanding of three essential components of the human body.
**Introduction:**
This presentation introduces the audience to the fundamental aspects of human anatomy, emphasizing the significance of studying the structure and function of the body.
**1. Skin:**
Delving into the intricate layers of the skin, this section elucidates the roles of the epidermis and dermis. It examines how skin appendages such as nails, hair follicles, sebaceous glands, and sweat glands contribute to overall bodily function.
**2. Fascia:**
The presentation navigates through the connective tissue network beneath the skin, exploring the roles of superficial and deep fascia in supporting and organizing muscles and organs.
**3. Bone:**
Providing a detailed exploration of bone anatomy, this section highlights the dynamic nature of bone tissue and its vital functions in protection, support, and blood cell formation. It categorizes bones based on shape and delves into clinical implications.
**Clinical Notes:**
Incorporating clinical insights, this section illustrates the practical relevance of understanding anatomical concepts, particularly in diagnosing and treating infections.
**Conclusion:**
The presentation concludes by summarizing key points and reinforcing the importance of skin, fascia, and bone in comprehending the intricacies of human anatomy.
**Audience:**
This presentation is suitable for students, educators, healthcare professionals, and anyone interested in gaining foundational knowledge of human anatomy.
**Format:**
The presentation utilizes informative slides, engaging visuals, and clear explanations to facilitate learning and comprehension.
**Duration:**
Approximately [insert duration] minutes.
**References:**
Include a list of references used for gathering information, providing credibility and further resources for interested individuals.
---
This description outlines the structure and content of the presentation, highlighting its educational value and relevance to various audiences interested in human anatomy.
Description:
In this presentation, we delve into the intricate world of anatomy, demystifying complex terminology to provide a clear understanding of the human body's structure and function. From the basics of anatomic position to directional terms, body movements, and the significance of avoiding eponyms, we break down essential concepts for students and healthcare professionals alike. Through engaging visuals and simplified explanations, participants will gain a comprehensive grasp of anatomic terminology, empowering them to communicate effectively and navigate the intricacies of medical practice with confidence. Join us on a journey to master anatomy and elevate your understanding of the human body.
Biological screening of herbal drugs: Introduction and Need for
Phyto-Pharmacological Screening, New Strategies for evaluating
Natural Products, In vitro evaluation techniques for Antioxidants, Antimicrobial and Anticancer drugs. In vivo evaluation techniques
for Anti-inflammatory, Antiulcer, Anticancer, Wound healing, Antidiabetic, Hepatoprotective, Cardio protective, Diuretics and
Antifertility, Toxicity studies as per OECD guidelines
A review of the growth of the Israel Genealogy Research Association Database Collection for the last 12 months. Our collection is now passed the 3 million mark and still growing. See which archives have contributed the most. See the different types of records we have, and which years have had records added. You can also see what we have for the future.
Francesca Gottschalk - How can education support child empowerment.pptxEduSkills OECD
Francesca Gottschalk from the OECD’s Centre for Educational Research and Innovation presents at the Ask an Expert Webinar: How can education support child empowerment?
Model Attribute Check Company Auto PropertyCeline George
In Odoo, the multi-company feature allows you to manage multiple companies within a single Odoo database instance. Each company can have its own configurations while still sharing common resources such as products, customers, and suppliers.
Read| The latest issue of The Challenger is here! We are thrilled to announce that our school paper has qualified for the NATIONAL SCHOOLS PRESS CONFERENCE (NSPC) 2024. Thank you for your unwavering support and trust. Dive into the stories that made us stand out!
2024.06.01 Introducing a competency framework for languag learning materials ...Sandy Millin
http://sandymillin.wordpress.com/iateflwebinar2024
Published classroom materials form the basis of syllabuses, drive teacher professional development, and have a potentially huge influence on learners, teachers and education systems. All teachers also create their own materials, whether a few sentences on a blackboard, a highly-structured fully-realised online course, or anything in between. Despite this, the knowledge and skills needed to create effective language learning materials are rarely part of teacher training, and are mostly learnt by trial and error.
Knowledge and skills frameworks, generally called competency frameworks, for ELT teachers, trainers and managers have existed for a few years now. However, until I created one for my MA dissertation, there wasn’t one drawing together what we need to know and do to be able to effectively produce language learning materials.
This webinar will introduce you to my framework, highlighting the key competencies I identified from my research. It will also show how anybody involved in language teaching (any language, not just English!), teacher training, managing schools or developing language learning materials can benefit from using the framework.
Executive Directors Chat Leveraging AI for Diversity, Equity, and InclusionTechSoup
Let’s explore the intersection of technology and equity in the final session of our DEI series. Discover how AI tools, like ChatGPT, can be used to support and enhance your nonprofit's DEI initiatives. Participants will gain insights into practical AI applications and get tips for leveraging technology to advance their DEI goals.
3. 01
PART
Sur f ace A natomy :
Surface anatomy is the study of the external features of the human body that can be seen,
felt, or palpated through the skin and other superficial tissues. It involves the identification
and description of the location, shape, size, and relationships of the bony landmarks,
muscles, tendons, nerves, blood vessels, and other structures that are accessible from the
surface of the body.
Surface anatomy is important in clinical practice as it provides a way to locate and
identify structures that may be injured, inflamed, or affected by disease. It is also used in
medical education to teach students about the anatomy of the human body and to help
them develop skills in physical examination and diagnostic procedures.
Examples of surface landmarks that can be used to locate deeper structures include the
clavicle, sternum, ribs, iliac crest, spine, and various bony prominences of the limbs.
Surface features such as skin color, temperature, texture, and moisture can also provide
important clues about the underlying health of the body
4. 01
PART
Ex ternal occipital
Protuberance
TEXT YOUR TITLE HERE
Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur
adipisicing elit, sed do eiusmod tempor
incididunt ut labore et dolore magna
aliqua. Ut enim ad minim veniam, quis
nostrud exercitation ullamco laboris nisi
ut aliquip ex ea commodo consequat.
The external occipital protuberance, also known as the occipital tuberosity, is a bony prominence
located on the posterior aspect of the skull. It is a small, raised bump or ridge at the midline of the occipital
bone, which is the bone that forms the lower back part of the skull.
The external occipital protuberance serves as an attachment point for several muscles, including the
trapezius, semispinalis capitis, and sternocleidomastoid muscles. It also marks the upper end of the nuchal
lines, which are bony ridges that extend laterally from the external occipital protuberance and provide
additional attachment points for muscles and ligaments.
The size and shape of the external occipital protuberance can vary among individuals, and it can
sometimes be prominent enough to be visible or palpable under the skin. In rare cases, it can be
excessively large or elongated, which may cause pain or discomfort in some people.
5. 01
PART
Cer vical ver tebr ae:
Text here Text here Text here
The cervical vertebrae are the seven vertebrae that make up the upper portion
of the
vertebral column, located in the neck region. They are numbered C1 to C7, starting from the topmost
vertebra (C1) at the base of the skull and ending with the lowest (C7) near the thoracic vertebrae.
The cervical vertebrae have several distinctive features that distinguish them from other vertebrae in the
spinal column. They are smaller and more delicate than the other vertebrae, and their spinous processes
are typically bifid (split into two branches). They also have transverse foramina in their transverse
processes, which provide passage for the vertebral arteries and veins that supply blood to the brain.
The first two cervical vertebrae, C1 and C2, have unique features that allow for a greater range of motion in
the neck. C1, also known as the atlas, has no vertebral body, and instead consists of a ring-shaped
structure that supports the skull. C2, or the axis, has a distinctive bony protrusion known as the dens or
odontoid process, which acts as a pivot for rotation of the atlas and the head.
The cervical vertebrae protect the spinal cord and support the weight of the head. They also provide
attachment sites for muscles, ligaments, and other structures that control movement and stability of the
neck and head. Dysfunction or injury to the cervical vertebrae can result in pain, weakness, and other
symptoms that can affect daily activities and quality of life.
6. Thoraco and Lumbar vertebrae:
The thoracic vertebrae and lumbar vertebrae are two regions of the vertebral column that are located
below the cervical vertebrae, in the mid and lower back, respectively.
The thoracic vertebrae are the 12 vertebrae that form the upper and mid back region. They are numbered
T1 to T12, starting from the topmost vertebra (T1) near the base of the neck and ending with the lowest
(T12) near the lumbar vertebrae. The thoracic vertebrae are larger and stronger than the cervical
vertebrae, and they have long, downward sloping spinous processes that provide attachment sites for the
muscles that support the back and ribs.
The lumbar vertebrae are the five largest and strongest vertebrae in the vertebral column, located in the
lower back region. They are numbered L1 to L5, starting from the topmost vertebra (L1) near the bottom of
the thoracic vertebrae and ending with the lowest (L5) near the sacrum. The lumbar vertebrae are
designed to support the weight of the upper body and provide stability and mobility to the lower back. They
have large vertebral bodies and short, thick spinous processes that provide attachment sites for the
muscles of the lower back.
The thoracic and lumbar vertebrae are separated by intervertebral discs, which are cushion-like
structures that absorb shock and provide flexibility to the spine. These discs can degenerate or become
damaged over time, leading to conditions such as herniated discs or spinal stenosis. The vertebrae also
provide attachment sites for muscles, ligaments, and other structures that support and control movement of
the back, torso, and limbs
7. Sacrum:
The sacrum is a large triangular-shaped bone located at the base of the vertebral column, between the
two hip bones. It is formed by the fusion of five sacral vertebrae (S1 to S5) during early adulthood. The
sacrum serves as a strong foundation for the pelvis and supports the weight of the upper body when
seated.
The sacrum is wider at the top and gradually narrows towards the bottom. Its upper surface articulates
with the fifth lumbar vertebra, while its lower surface articulates with the coccyx (tailbone) and forms the
sacrococcygeal joint.
The sacrum has several distinctive features that provide attachment sites for ligaments and muscles that
support the pelvic girdle and lower back. It has four pairs of anterior and posterior sacral foramina, which
provide passageways for nerves and blood vessels. It also has a large midline sacral canal that contains
the sacral nerves.
The sacrum plays an important role in stabilizing the pelvis during movements such as walking,
running, and jumping. Dysfunction or injury to the sacrum can lead to conditions such as sacroiliac joint
dysfunction, sacral fractures, or sacral nerve root compression. Treatment may involve physical therapy,
medication, or surgery depending on the underlying cause and severity of the condition.
8. Cocyx:
The coccyx, also known as the tailbone, is a small triangular bone located at the bottom of the
vertebral column, below the sacrum. It is formed by the fusion of 3 to 5 small vertebrae during early
adulthood. The coccyx serves as an attachment site for various muscles and ligaments, and provides
support for the pelvic floor.
The coccyx is made up of several small bones that are fused together to form a single structure. It
has a curved shape, with the tip pointing downward. It provides attachment points for muscles of the
pelvic floor, as well as the gluteus maximus muscle. The coccyx also helps to distribute weight when
sitting, providing a cushioning effect to the buttocks.
Injuries to the coccyx can cause pain and discomfort in the lower back and buttock region, and may
be caused by trauma, childbirth, or prolonged sitting on hard surfaces. Treatment for coccyx injuries
typically involves rest, pain management, and physical therapy, and in severe cases, surgical
intervention may be necessary.
10. 02
PART
U pper lateral par t of thorax :
T he uppe r late ral par t of the thorax re fe r s to the uppe r and oute r re gion
of the c he st wall, loc ate d be twe e n the ne c k and the armpit. It inc lude s the
are a ove rlying the uppe r ribs, the musc le s and fasc ia that c ove r the m, and
the skin and subc utane ous tissue s that e nve lop the c he st.
In terms of anatomy, the upper lateral par t of the thorax contains several
impor tant struc ture s, suc h as the c lav ic le (c ollarbone ), the sc apula
(shoulde r blade ), the de ltoid musc le (whic h c ove r s the shoulde r j oint), the
trape zius musc le (whic h e x te nds from the ne c k to the uppe r bac k), and the
se rratus ante rior musc le (whic h he lps to rotate the sc apula).
Clinic al c onditions that may affe c t the uppe r late ral par t of the thorax
inc lude frac ture s of the c lav ic le or ribs, strains or te ar s of the shoulde r
musc le s, inflammation or inj ur y to the brac hial ple x us (a ne twork of
ne r ve s that supplie s the arm), and various type s of c anc e r or infe c tions
that can involve the lymph nodes in the armpit
11. 02
PART
Scapula :
The scapula, also known as the shoulde r blade , is a flat, triangular bone
located in the uppe r bac k re gion. It c onne c ts the uppe r arm bone
(hume rus) to the c ollarbone (c lav ic le ) and prov ide s attac hme nt points
for several muscles that control the movement of the shoulder j oint.
T he sc apula has three main border s: the supe rior borde r, whic h is the
top e dge of the bone ; the m e dial borde r, whic h runs paralle l to t he spine ;
and the late ral borde r, whic h is the oute r e dge . T he sc apula also has two
main processes: the acromion, which is a bony proj ection that ar ticulates
with the c lav ic le to form the ac romioc lav ic ular j oint; and the c orac oid
proc e ss, whic h is a shor te r proj e c tion that prov ide s attac hme nt for
musc le s and ligame nts.
13. 02
PART
Lower lateral par t of back ;
T he lower lateral par t of the back is typ ic ally th e are a on
e ithe r side of the lumbar spine , whic h is the lowe r por tion of
the spine loc ate d in the lowe r bac k . T his are a may also be
re fe rre d to as the flanks or the lowe r bac k re gion.
T he musc le s in this are a inc lude the quadratus lumborum,
e re c tor spinae , and latissimus dor si. T he se musc le s are involve d
in stabilizing the spine , as we ll as in move me nts suc h as
be nding, twisting, and e x te nding the trunk .
If you are e x pe rie nc ing pain in this are a, it may be due to a
musc le strain, inj ur y, or othe r unde rlying me dic al c ondition. It is
impor tant to spe ak with a he althc are profe ssional if you are
e x pe rie nc ing pe r siste nt pain or disc omfor t in this are a.
15. 03
PART
iliac crest:
The iliac crest is a prominent cur ved por tion of the pelvis that
forms the uppe r borde r of the hip bone . It is loc ate d on e ithe r
side of the body and c an be fe lt at the top of the hips whe n
you plac e your hands on your waist. T he iliac c re st prov ide s
attac hme nt points for se ve ral musc le s, inc luding the
latissimus dor si, gluteus maximus, and abdominal muscles.
T he iliac c re st is an impor tant landmark in anatomy and is
use d as a re fe re nce point for many me dic al proc e dure s, suc h
as spinal taps and inj e c tions. It is also c ommonly use d as a
site for bone marrow aspiration and for har vesting bone graf ts
for various or thope dic proc e dure s.
Inj urie s or c onditions that affe c t the iliac c re st c an c ause pain
and disc omfor t in the hip, lowe r bac k , or abdome n. Some
common conditions that affect the iliac crest include iliac
c re st c ontusion, stre ss frac ture s, and iliotibial band syndrome .
If you are e x pe rie nc ing pain or disc omfor t in this are a, it is
impor tant to spe ak with a he althc are profe ssional for prope r
diagnosis and tre atme nt.