In India, locomotives are classified according to their track gauge, motive power, the work they are suited for and their power or model number.

1. MANUFACTURING
AND TESTING OF
LOCOMOTIVE EQUIPMENTS
Made By:-
Aman Jaiswal
01315604916(EEE)

2.  Locomotives
Classification of locomotives
Classification Syntax
 Electrical Equipments
Auxiliary AC Motors
4.5 kW Brushless Alternator
25 kW Brushless Alternator
 Electronic Equipments
Regulated Battery Charger
Vigilance Control Device
Microprocessor based Control & Fault Diagnosis System
Electronic Rectifier Regulator Unit
Content

3. Locomotives
A locomotive or engine is a rail
transport vehicle that provides the motive
power for a train.
Locomotives pulled trains from the front.
However, push-pull operation has become
common, where the train may have a
locomotive at the front, at the rear, or at each
end.

4. Classification of Locomotives
In India, locomotives are classified according to their track
gauge, motive power, the work they are suited for and
their power or model number.
The class name includes this information about the
locomotive. It comprises 4 or 5 letters.
The first letter denotes the track gauge.
The second letter denotes their motive power (Diesel or
Electric).
The third letter denotes the kind of traffic for which they
are suited (goods, passenger, mixed or shunting).

5. Classification Syntaxes
The second letter (motive power)
• D-Diesel
• C-DC electric
• A-AC electric
• CA-Both DC and AC
• B-Battery Electric (rare)
The third letter (job type)
• G-Goods
• P-Passenger
• M-Mixed; both goods and passenger
• S-Shunters
• U-Electric Multiple Units
• R-Railcars
The first letter (gauge)
• W-Broad gauge
• Y-Metre gauge
• Z-Narrow gauge(2.5 ft)
• N-Narrow gauge (2 ft)

6. Electrical Equipments
Auxiliary AC Motors
4.5 kW Brushless Alternator
25 kW Brushless Alternator

7. Auxiliary AC Motor
 An induction motor or asynchronous motor is an
electric motor in which the AC current in the rotor
needed to produce torque is obtained by
electromagnetic induction from the magnetic field of
the stator winding. An induction motor can therefore be
made without electrical connections to the rotor.
 This System converts single phase power from
Locomotive Transformer to three phase 50Hz power to
supply to all auxiliary loads of Electric locomotive.
Auxiliary AC Motor

8.  The diesel engine drives the main alternator which
provides the power to move the train. The alternator
generates AC electricity which is used to provide power
for the traction motors mounted on the trucks (bogies).
 Locomotives used to operate passenger trains are
equipped with an auxiliary alternator. This provides AC
power for lighting, heating, air conditioning, dining
facilities etc. on the train.
4.5 and 25 kW Brushless Alternator
4.5 kW Brushless Alternator
25 kW Brushless Alternator

9. Regulated Battery Charger
Vigilance Control Device
Microprocessor based Control & Fault
Diagnosis System
Electronic Rectifier Regulator Unit
Electronic Equipments

10. Most of the Battery-operated systems in Railways
require Battery to remain under charged condition
for proper operation of actual load.
As the electricity supply utilities cannot be directly
given to batteries for charging, Converters are
employed which will convert the utility supply to
required DC voltage and current.
Regulated Battery Charger
Regulated Battery Chargers

11. Vigilance Control Device is provided on the
locomotive to monitor the alertness of the driver
through a multi-resetting system which gets reset by
specified normal operational activities of the crew, in
addition to the acknowledgment of the push button
provided for crew.
In absence of normal driving functioning at specified
intervals the device will activate emergency brake
application after due audio warning.
Vigilance Control Device
Vigilance Control Device

12. In the conventional electric locomotives, control is achieved
through a large number of relays, switches and auxiliary
contacts. This type of control mechanism has mechanical
moving parts and a large number of contacts, thus result into
malfunction during service.
To overcome these problems microprocessor-based control
and fault diagnostic system has been developed and is being
used in electric locomotives.
Microprocessor based
Control & Fault Diagnosis System
Microprocessor based
Control & Fault
Diagnosis System

13.  The output of the alternator is AC in nature with variable
voltage and variable frequency depending on the motion of
the train.
 This AC voltage is rectified and passed through the controller
to generate regulated DC voltage as required for AC and non-
AC coaches.
 Facilities to store non-generation time, total distance traveled
by coach and faults occurred in the regulators
Electronic Rectifier Regulator Unit
Electronic Rectifier
Regulator Unit