Presentation on topic at IIPMB.

1. SUMMER INTERNSHIP PROJECT
Under the guidance of:-
Dr. John Manoraj
Associate Professor
IIPM, Bangalore
Presented by:-
Md Salman Anjum
Roll No.: 16PGDMABPM-70
STUDY ON THE PACKAGE OF PRACTICES OF POTATO &
CHILLI WITH SPECIAL REFERENCE TO USAGE OF
FUNGICIDES IN UTTAR PRADESH

2. Flow of Presentation
• Dhanuka Agritech : An overview
• Objectives
• Research Methodology
• Data Analysis of Potato and Chilli crop
• Findings
• Suggestions
• Learning from summer training

4. Objectives :
Objective1:Tostudythe Packageof PracticeofPotatoandChilli
crop in Agra andFarrukhbaddistrict(forpotato) and
Sonbhadra District[ Robertsganjforchilli ] .
• Study about soil , climate ,propagation , cultivation practices , manures and fertilizers
used,irrigation,earthingdiseasemanagement,harvesting,yield etc.
• Simpleanalysiswill bedoneusing interview questions.
Objective2: ToAnalysethe CriticalStagesin PotatoandChilli
Cultivation:
• Studyaboutthedifferentstages in potatoand chilli cultivationwhich is critical stages
forbothcrops.

5. Objective3: Toknowaboutthe premium fungicides used fordisease
controlbypotatoandchilli growers.
• Studyaboutthepremium fungicides andotherfungicidesused.
Objective4: Tostudythe useofConikaandLustrein potatoandchilli
production.
• Studyaboutuseof(fungicide Lustre)and(Fungi +
Bactericide-Conika).

6. • Research design- Descriptive
• Research tools- Questionnaire survey
• Data analysis technique- Interpretation is based on percentage
analysis.
• Sampling technique- Judgemental and Stratified Random Sampling.
• Source of data- Primary & Secondary
• Sample Size of Farmers- 180
• Sample Size of Retailers – 45
• Area – Agra , Farrukhabad and Robertsganj in Uttar Pradesh
• Period of study- 10 May to 10 July
RESEARCH METHODOLOGY

7. Variety of Potato in Agra and Farrukhabad
NAME OF VARIETY Percentage of variety use
by farmers( %)
(a)Potato 3797 ( kufri
bahar )
90%
(b) Potato 302 5%
(c) Pokhraj 3%
(d) S1 1%
(e) Sutlej 1%
Variety (AGRA)
NAME OF VARIETY % OF VARIETY USE BY
FARMER
(a) Potato 3797 40%
(b) Pokhraj 30%
(c) Chipsona 15%
(d) New Holland 10%
(e) Khayati 5%
Variety ( FARRUKHABAD )
Inference:In Agra, Majority used for cultivation is variety 3797 (kufri bahar ). The reason is : high yield,
resistance to pest and disease , suitable to land.
Inference : In FARRUKHABAD district ,for potato cultivation Variety 3797 and
Pokhraj are used almost equally

8. SOIL TYPE PERCENTAGE AVAILABLE
(a) Domat (
Loam soil)
60%
(b) Black soil 20%
(c) Sandy soil 10%
(d) Red soil 10%
SOIL TYPE PERCENTAGE
AVAILABLE
(a) Domat (Loam
soil )
80%
(b) Kareity ( Black
soil)
20%
Soil Type (AGRA)
Soil Type ( Farrukhabad )
Different types of Soils in Agra and Farrukhabad
Inference : 80% of the soil is loam soil and 20% is black soil in Farrukhabad
district
Inference : In Agra , the geographic region is good for cultivation of potato crops . 60% of the
land is loamy soil where farmers say it “ Domat” as local term.

9.  Vegetative Propagation
Inboth Agra and Farrukhabad District , potato seed is propagated vegetatively from tubers eitherwhole or
cut into pieces.
Thelocal name of small potato seed is Gullior Gulla and extremelysmall potato seeds is knownas Khirriin
local language
Potato seeds type Size types
(a) Gulla/Gulli Medium
(b) Khirri Small
Inference: Small sized potato seeds are called
‘Khirri’ and medium one ‘Gulla’.
 Climate
Potato is a cool seasoned crop. It thrivesbest incool region wherethere is sufficient moisture & fertile soils. Tuber
growth occurs if soil temperature is between 17 &19degree celsius. Tubergrowth stops if temperaturerise above 30
degreecelsius.
Potato seed types and size types

10.  Field Preparation
Ploughing and Harrowing is done for field preparation. Thefield preparation is done by initially watering to land for some
moisture after some dayploughing is done in an easy way. Potato seeds are sown second day after harrowing.
 Method Of Sowing Of PotatoSeeds
Potato seeds are sown with the help of Tractorcumsowing drills. 4 persons sit behind the tractor machineand sow the
potato seeds.
Time of Sowing of potato seeds
Generally potato seeds 15-30 October
Late variety (eg. Potato 302 ) 1- 28 November
Inference : 15-30 October is the peak time for sowing of potato
seeds specially Potato 3797 (Kufri Bahar).
Sowing type of potato seeds

11. S.No Brand Name Company Name Percentage use(%)
1. Monceren Bayer 80%
2. Mirador Adama 5%
3. Xelora BASF 4%
4. Emison Excel 3%
5. TKS Setra Tata Chemicals 3%
6. Amistar Syngenta 2%
7. Onestar Dhanuka 2%
8. Other Chemicals Remaining company 1%
Premium pesticides ( brand name, company name etc) in Agra
Inference: AGRA:The market penetration of Monceren( Bayer Company)
is so much high in chemical prospects in Agra , followed by Adama and so
on.

12. S.No. Brand Name Company Name Percentage use (%)
1. Monceren Bayer 70%
2. Biostat Roko 6%
3. Mirador Adama 5%
4. Sprint Indofil 4%
5. Amistar Syngenta 4%
6. Emison Excel 3%
7. Pulsor IIL 3%
8. Other Chemicals Remaining company 4%
Inference: In Farrukhabad also , the market penetration of Monceren
(Bayer company) is also high. Dhanuka has very limited market
penetration in both districts.
Premium pesticides ( brand name, company name etc) in
Farrukhabad

13. SeedRate in Agra
InAgra district, one potato bag consists of 50kg which is locally called ‘KATTA’. Theseed rateof potato seed inAgra is 75-
80katta/haor 6-8katta/bigha or35-40qt/ha.
SeedRate in Farrukhabad
Insome villages in Farrukhabaddistrict, one potato bag consist of 50kg which is locally called ‘PACKET’. Theseed rateof
potato seed in Farrukhabadis 60-70packet/ha or 6-7packet/biga or35-40qt/ha.
Note: 1ha= 10 biga
Seed Rate in Agra and Farrukhabad
S.No. DISTRICT SEED RATE SEED RATE
CONVERT(qt/ha)
1. Agra 75-80 katta/ha
(6-8 katta/bigha)
35-40 qt/ha
2. Farrukhabad 60-70
packet/ha(6-7
packet/bigha)
34-40 qt/ha
INFERENCE : In Agra ,
seed rate is higher
than in Farrukhabad.

14. Irrigation Water at Day after sowing(DAS)
1st irrigation 20 DAS
2nd Irrigation 45 DAS
3rd Irrigation 60 DAS
4th irrigation 75 DAS
Inference: The irrigation is 4 times + urea (10-15 kg / bigha) + zyme
(2 kg / bigha ). In both Agra and Farrukhabad district , the irrigation
pattern is somewhat same. There is no dearth of water scarcity.
Everyone has their own borewell.
Irrigation

15. S.No. NUTRIENT DOSE DOSE :
Convert
qt./ha
1. DAP 2 Katta/ bigha 10 qt/ha
2. Potash 1 katta/bigha 5 qt/ha
3. SSP 2 katta/bigha 10 qt/ha
4. Urea 1 katta/bigha 5 qt/ha
Nutrient Management ( Agra )
S.No. NUTRIENT DOSE DOSE :
Convert
qt/ha
1. DAP 2 katta/bigha 10 qt/ha
2. Potash 1 katta/bigha 5 qt/ha
3. Sulphur 1 katta/bigha 5 qt/ha
4. Urea 1 katta/bigha 5 qt/ha
Nutrient Management
(Farrukhabad )
Inference: There is different
doses for DAP(10qt/ha) ,
potash , SSP and Urea.
Inference : in Farrukhabad also , nutrient
management includes DAP , Potash , Sulphur
and Urea where DAP utilization is maximum
i.e. 10 qt/ha and others are 5 qt/ha.

16.  Insect Pests
Inboth districts , the major pests are Aphids , Thrips, Potato tuber moth and whitefly. Theinsects suckthe leaves and
makethe crops die.
Themaincause of these insects causes ‘SIKURA’inlocal language , theleaves curland photosynthesis stops and crops die
after sometime if not treated well.
 Disease
Inboth districts Agra and Farrukhabad, the diseases affected to potato crops are:
(a) Chechak( COMMON SCAB)
(b) Jhulsa( Blight ) : 80%affected , veryserious problem
For both thesedisease , systemic fungicides are used. For blight : Redomil,(Metalyxl –
Mencozeb).

17. S.No. COMPANY Brand Name/chemical
composition
Percentage
Use
1. PI Colt 40%
2. Bayer Imadachloropid 40%
3. Syngenta Pegasis 5%
4. Dupont Coragen 5%
5. UPL Quinolphos 5%
6. Other company Other brand 5%
S.No. COMPANY Brand
Name/chemical
composition
Percentag
e use
1. Indofil Atom 40%
2. PI Rocket 30%
3. Indofil Agent Plus 10%
4. Dawn Indogulf 5%
5. Indofil Bolex 5%
6. Tropical agrosystem
India Ltd.
Pataka 5%
7. Other company Other brand 5%
Farrukhabad –insecticides used
Agra- insecticides used

18. S.No.
No. of spray Days after
sowing(DAS)
Chemical composition
1. 1st spray 30-40 Mencozeb(Mg + Mn
included)
2. 2nd spray 50-55 Carbendazim +
Mencozeb
3. 3rd spray 60-75 Metalyxl ( 35% )
 Fungicide Spray
Different fungicidespray to prevent from disease
Inference: Fungicidespray , according to days of sowing. Thereare3 sprays init.

19. S.No.
Weeds( regional
name/common
name)
Scientific name
1. Bathuwa ( Lamb’s
Quarter )
Chenopodium album
2. Gazra ( Wild Carrot
)
Daucus carota
3. Motha Cyperus Rotundus
Weed and weed management in Agra and Farrukhabad
S.No. Weeds( regional
name/common
name)
Scientific name
1. Bathuwa ( Lamb’s
Quarter )
Chenopodium album
2. Motha Cyperus rotundus
Weeds - Agra
Weeds - Farrukhabad
Inference: Theweeds which most affect potato crops in
Agraare Chenopodium album, second one is Daucas carota
and Cyperusrotundus.
Inference : Theweeds mostly affected Potato in Farrukhabad
region is Chenopodium album and Cyperusrotundus.

20. S.No. Company Brand Name Percentage
use (%)
1. Bayer Sencor 60%
2. Tata Rallis Tata Maitry 10%
3. Jay Chemical Jaykor 10%
4. Crystal Sreekar 10%
5. Bharat Insectide Zero weed 5%
6. Other company Other chemicals 5%
S.No. Company Brand Name Percentage
use (%)
1. Bayer Sencor 40%
2. Thakar Gadar 30%
3. Syngenta Gramaxone 10%
4. Bharat Insecticide Zero weed 10%
5. Willowood crop
science Pvt ltd.
Octavia 5%
6. Other Company Other brands 5%
Inference: Sencor ( 60% ) is utilized by farmers for weed
control.
Weed management- Farrukhabad
Weed management – Agra
Inference : In Farrukhabad , Sencor is mostly used
weedicide.
Weed management in Agra and Farrukhabad

21.  Harvesting
The harvestingtime forpotatocropsis after4 monthofdayof sowingi.e. between 1 Feb –20 Feb.Latevariety
harvestingtime is lastweek ofFebruary.
 Yield
In bothdistricts, theyield forpotatocropsrange between 40-50katta/bighaor2000-2500kg/bighaor200-250
qt/ha.
 Marketing
In bothdistricts, cold storagesareavailable.Manypotatogrowers transporttothecold storageatthe costof 115
Rs./ kattaor230 Rs./ quintal.

22. Marketing Penetration Of DhanukaChemicals Like Conika And Lustre
As I visited most of the dealer/ retailer shop, I found hardly they talk about Dhanuka product ie about Conika and
lusturefungicide.Most ofthedealers/ distributorssell productsofcompaniesotherthanDhanuka.
Since both the products are newly introduced , I found conika product in only 3-4 dealer shop. Even in
Dhanuka dealer shop , they only keep conika product . Lustre is not even introduced . Dhanuka agritech ltd.
should plan strategically so that it can compete with Bayer agritech since 70-80% of market is covered by them
(Bayer)only.(in termsofpromotion,demonstration,regular meeting withfarmersetc).

23. Some pics with farmers and dealers

25. CHILLI CROP
NAME OF VARIETY COMPANY Percentage of variety use by
farmers( % )
(a) VNR 305 VNR 95%
(b) Josh Nunhans 3%
(c) Divya Jyoti UPL Golden 2%
Inference: Many farmers uses variety VNR 305 because it is having
high productivity , less susceptible to pest and diseases . This variety
is having high pungency which makes this brand successful in
Robertsganj market.
Chilli Cultivation Practices In Robertsganj
Chilli variety and company

26. SOIL TYPE PERCENTAGE AVAILABLE
(a) Black soil 40%
(b) Domat ( Loam soil) 40%
(c) Sandy soil 10%
(d) Red soil 10%
SOIL TYPE
Inference : In Churk region in Robertsganj only, sandy soil is found. But
most of the chilli producing area is having black and loam soil. The
major 4 regions where only chilli and tomato are grown are Kusi ,
Papparaheya , Kekrahi and Kherahi.
Different soil types in Robertsganj

27.  Land Preparation
2-3time ploughing then levelling –sowing - water
 Method OfSowing
First sowing theseeds in nursery
1 Bigha= 100gm seeds
1 ha=16 patta
Note:1 Patta=25 gm
 TimeOf Sowing:
In all the villages in Robertsganj: 20May– 30May

28.  TimeOf Transplanting:
Afterone monthofsowing i.e.in 20 June-30June, thechilli cropsare transplantedtothe
mainfield .
TimeofTransplanting:20June-30June .
 Spacing:
CroptoCropDistance:2 feet
Rowto RowDistance : 3 feet
 Seed Treatment:
Noseed treatmentrequiredas seeds availablein themarketarealready treatedbychemicals
andavailablein packets.

29. S.No. NUTRIENT DOSE DOSE: CONVERT
qt/ha
1. DAP 5-6 bori/ bigha 25-30 qt/ha
2. Urea 5 bori/bigha 25 qt/ha
Nutrient Management
Inference: DAP dose and Ureadose is
almost same in Chilli crop i.e. 25 qt/ha.
S.No.(Ranking) Company Brand Name Percentage Use
1. Bayer Admire 40%
2. Syngenta Pegasus 25%
3. Syngenta Melody 15%
4. GSP Esteem 10%
5. Basav Cabritop 5%
6. Other company 5%
Inference :In chilli
crop ,major
diseases are wilt ,
leaf curl( gurcha
in local language).
The fungicides
mostly used in
chilli crop in
Robertsganj is
Admire (Bayer ).
Premium fungicides used in Robertsganj

30. S.No. COMPANY NAME BRAND NAME (%) USE BY
FARMER
1. Nagarjuna Perfect Super 30%
2. Nirmal All Out 30%
3. Dayal Fertilizer
Ltd.
Herbosafe 10%
4. Farm Organic Halchal 10%
5. Mahavin Mahawell 10%
6. Other Company Other Brands 10%
Different insectides used in Robertsganj
Inference : The
mostly used
insecticide in
Robertsganj is
Perfect Super
(Nagarjuna) ,
followed by All
Out ( Nirmal)
and others.
Insecticides: The major
Insects found in
Robertsganj
villages are
Thrips
,Whitefly,
Sucking Pests ,
Green hairy
caterpillar ,
fruit borer etc.

31. S.No. Weeds ( regional
name/common name)
Scientific name
1. Bathuwa ( Lamb’s Quarter
)
Chenopodium album
2. Motha Cyperus rotundus
3. Wild Carrot Daucus carota
Inference : The
weeds which
causes most
damage are
Chenopodium
album followed
by Cyperus
rotundus and
Daucus Carota.
Weed Management
Different weeds grown in Robertsganj
S.No. Company Brand Name Percentage
use (%)
1. Excel Glycel 20%
2. Indofil Society 20%
3. Dhanuka Targa Super 20%
4. Syngenta Kavach 15%
5. Bharat Insecticide
Ltd
Aandhi-71 15%
6. Other Company Other Brands 10%
INFERENCE :
The most used
weedicide is
Glycel ( Excel
company)
followed by
Societry(Indofil
company ) ,
Turga Super (
Dhanuka
Agritech Ltd)
and others
Weedicides:

32. .
Marketing Penetration Of DhanukaChemicals Like Conika And Lustre:
In Robertsganj also, the penetration of newly product conika and lustre is very less.
Most of the dealers evendon’t know about these products. Obviously Dhanuka products
are famous in Robertsganj but these 2 products are unknown to most of the
dealers/retailers.

33.  Picking:
DateofPicking :from1st Augustonwards.
10times pickingcan bedonein chilli crop.
In onemonth, 4– 6pickingscanbe done.
 Yield :
Theyield ofchilli cropsis12-14quintal/ bighaor 120qt/ha(in onemonth-4 times)hence3-4quintalper
bighaperweek (30-40qt/ha).
 Marketing :
Afterpicking ofchilli , it isdirectlymarketedtochilli traders.Chilli traderstaketheirtrucksto thefield andit is
directlyloadedtoit afterweighing chilli

34. Some pics with farmers and dealers in Robertsganj

36. FINDINGS
For Potato cropin AGRA and FARRUKHABADdistrict
 The major variety mostly used by farmers are Potato 3797 ( Kufri Bahar ) , Potato 302 , Pokhraj , Chipona and
NewHolland.
 Local names of 50kgbag is knownas KATTA.
 Only Tractors are used for ploughing . No bullockcarts are used.
 In many villages in Khandauli block in Agra district , farmers grow only potato and green fodder throughout the
year.
 Total cost of cultivation of potato ( total expenses ) incur is Rs. 700 per quintal but state government fixed Rs. 487
per quintal for sale of potato to them if no one purchase it from farmers.From last 2 years , farmers are in huge
losses. The reason is that potato is not going outside countries , government giving subsidies to other states for
growing of potato crops , demonetization etc.

37.  Themost dangerous disease are Chechak(common scab ) and Jhulsa,Sikuraetc.
 Themain weeds are Bathuwa(Chenopodium album) , Gajra(Daucas carota) and Motha(Cyperus rotundus ).
 The market penetration of Dhanuka company products is not so good . The major companies occupying market in
Agraand Farrukhabadare Bayer, Tata , Indofil etc.
 According to all the dealer/distributer in both the districts , the market penetration of Dhanuka products comes in
between (rankingof 15-20).
Contd….

38. For Chilli Crop in Sonbhadra district : ROBERTSGANJ
 Thechilli varietywhichis very famous inRobertsganj is VNR-305.Almost 95%of thefarmers areusing this variety.
 Farmers who cultivated chilli are in huge losses for the last 2 years, because of the large production in bulk. The trading
of chilli to other states arenot going good, so the price rate of greenchilli comes down.
 Themajor disease in chilli is Wilt ( No company till date inrobertsganj found anysolution for Wilt disease ).
 When market of chilli is good , the farmer fetch price upto Rs. 4000 per quintal or Rs. 40 per kg but for the last two years
, the marketof chilli comes down and farmerfetch price merely Rs. 10per kg.
FINDINGS

39.  The price of dry red chilli is fixed i.e. at Rs. 50 per kg but 1 kg of fresh green chilli is equal to 10 kg dry
red chilli. Hence if the market is down for chilli then farmers leave chilli in crop only, they donot pluck it
.When chilli colour becomes red then, farmers pluck it and sell to market. But atlast farmers are in loss
onlyastheyfetch lessprice.
 Farmers purchase chemicals according to the suggestion of dealers only. They blindly follow the
sayingsofdealersasfarmersknowvery littleaboutchemicals.
Contd…..

40. SUGGESTIONS
(1) Field trails (Result Demonstration) of the crop should be shown to farmers. This is because in Uttar Pradesh
state , Bayer is the major player since the promotional activities of bayer products are high. Most farmers are using
it .So if any company wants to penetrate their market , they have to first assure to farmers that their products are
good. So in village the marketing team conduct result demonstration on field of how their products work and what
is the positive aspect if farmers use their product.
(2) Incentivise the dealers in terms of profit margin based on sales volume. Many dealers doing business by gaining
profit margin from the agri-input products. If any company will give more profit margin in their products to dealers
thentheir chanceof selling the products will increase.

41. (3) The market penetration of Dhanuka Agritech Ltd. should increase as there are very less Dhanuka products
dealers/retailers suggest to farmers. Many farmers don’t know about Dhanuka Products since their promotional activities
are not upto the mark.
(4) The company can consider going for advertising in local print media for a period of 7 to 10 days before the season
starts . Thisis because the advertisement helps the farmerto increase their curiosity for purchasing company’s product.
(5) Just like Bayer company put horders of Monceren chemicals in front of every retailer shop , Dhanuka Agritech should
also do some promotional activity like that of Bayer.
(6) The company should go for more Point -Of –Purchase (POP) displays at the retail stores, with Banners, Posters
showing the company products and company logo.

42. Limitation of Project: -
 Some farmers were reluctant to share information.
 The data from government officials were difficult to obtain, as they
did not maintainupdates.
 Farmers highly believe in dealer’s recommendation.

43. • Analyse the marketing world
• Deal with the customers.
• How to talk to farmers-knowing their behavior.
• Importance of retailers and distributors in the
marketing channel
• Work in unfavorable conditions- 48-50 degree celcius
• Not to get disappointed even after a bad session
• Work under deadlines
• How to make project report.
LEARNINGS FROM THE PROJECT