Class 12 CBSE Biology Investigatory project on the topic "Drug Addiction" which includes the appropriate format and content for the CBSE practical examinations.
Class 12 CBSE Biology Investigatory project on the topic "Drug Addiction" which includes the appropriate format and content for the CBSE practical examinations.
A DSM 5 Update: Substance - Related And Addictive DisordersChat 2 Recovery
Within the next year, most insurance providers will be expecting all claims to include the new DSM-5 nomenclature. It is imperative for all mental health professionals to be comfortable with the new diagnostic criteria and recording procedures. This presentation provides participants with a clear understanding of the revisions made in the category of Substance - Related and Addictive Disorders from the DSM-IV to the DSM-5.
Topics presented by Nick Lessa, CEO of Inter-Care: an addiction treatment program in New York City.
Includes:
Changes in the diagnostic criteria from the DSM–IV to the DSM-5
The distinction between Substance Use Disorders and the Substance - Induced Disorders
Recording procedures for Substance Related Disorders
This PPT is based on Drug Addiction & Abuse..Anyone who is interested to download this ppt ,can comment on the comment section with their email id. I can assure you that I will send this original ppt to your email.
Drug Awareness Program- Say No to Drugs.NITI Aayog
The Department of Administrative Reforms & Public Grievances, Government of India, organized the 2nd 'District Collectors Conference', which took place on the 6th & 7th of September in New Delhi. Over 30 district collectors participated, making presentations on best practices to overcome challenges faced in the sectors of rural development, education, urban development, law & order, and disaster management.
The Planning Commission is providing these presentations for the public to see examples of the good work being done by young IAS officers in the field, and to promote cross-learning and innovation.
Substance Abuse in the Elderly: The Boomers Change Things Again RiverMend Health
Steven T. Dekosky M.D.-
Member, RiverMend Health Scientific Advisory Board for Addiction & Psychiatry. Professor of Neurology, Director, Alzheimer’s Disease Research Center, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA USA
Dr. DeKosky addresses the RiverMend Health Scientific Advisory Board on substance abuse in older generations and the growing need for treatment.
For more information visit: http://www.rivermendhealth.com/scientific-advisory-board-addiction.html
A DSM 5 Update: Substance - Related And Addictive DisordersChat 2 Recovery
Within the next year, most insurance providers will be expecting all claims to include the new DSM-5 nomenclature. It is imperative for all mental health professionals to be comfortable with the new diagnostic criteria and recording procedures. This presentation provides participants with a clear understanding of the revisions made in the category of Substance - Related and Addictive Disorders from the DSM-IV to the DSM-5.
Topics presented by Nick Lessa, CEO of Inter-Care: an addiction treatment program in New York City.
Includes:
Changes in the diagnostic criteria from the DSM–IV to the DSM-5
The distinction between Substance Use Disorders and the Substance - Induced Disorders
Recording procedures for Substance Related Disorders
This PPT is based on Drug Addiction & Abuse..Anyone who is interested to download this ppt ,can comment on the comment section with their email id. I can assure you that I will send this original ppt to your email.
Drug Awareness Program- Say No to Drugs.NITI Aayog
The Department of Administrative Reforms & Public Grievances, Government of India, organized the 2nd 'District Collectors Conference', which took place on the 6th & 7th of September in New Delhi. Over 30 district collectors participated, making presentations on best practices to overcome challenges faced in the sectors of rural development, education, urban development, law & order, and disaster management.
The Planning Commission is providing these presentations for the public to see examples of the good work being done by young IAS officers in the field, and to promote cross-learning and innovation.
Substance Abuse in the Elderly: The Boomers Change Things Again RiverMend Health
Steven T. Dekosky M.D.-
Member, RiverMend Health Scientific Advisory Board for Addiction & Psychiatry. Professor of Neurology, Director, Alzheimer’s Disease Research Center, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA USA
Dr. DeKosky addresses the RiverMend Health Scientific Advisory Board on substance abuse in older generations and the growing need for treatment.
For more information visit: http://www.rivermendhealth.com/scientific-advisory-board-addiction.html
http://www.retreatpb.com/ | Substance abuse causes physical changes in the brain and body, which can affect the behavior and personality of people who have become addicted to drugs.
SUBSTANCE ABUSE AWARENESS AND SCREENING AMONG SCHOOL CHILDREN IN A TRIBAL AREADr Anoop G MBBS BCCPM
A comprehensive project undertaken following my survey and findings among school children in Attapady,the largest tribal block of Kerala state in India.It includes awareness and screening sessions among high school and above in all recognized schools of region.Carried over a period of 3 months,it had a significant impact in the area. Acheivements include legal support by imposing ban and an effective cordination among various sectors
Drug addiction is a chronic disease characterized by drug seeking and use that is compulsive, or difficult to control, despite harmful consequences.
Brain changes that occur over time with drug use challenge an addicted person’s self-control and interfere with their ability to resist intense urges to take drugs. This is why drug addiction is also a relapsing disease.
Relapse is the return to drug use after an attempt to stop. Relapse indicates the need for more or different treatment.
Most drugs affect the brain's reward circuit by flooding it with the chemical messenger dopamine. This overstimulation of the reward circuit causes the intensely pleasurable "high" that leads people to take a drug again and again.
Overview of substance abuse/addiction prevention principles including risk and protective factors. NBCC, NAADAC, CAADAC, and California Board of Behavioral Sciences approved Mental Health continuing education and addictions counselor training series. Narrated versions and CEUs available at http://www.allceus.com
Drug & substance abuse Marijuana, Cocaine, Heroine, alcohol and prescription...OrnellaRN
Risk Factors, Effects on the brain,Symptoms, Warning signs and treatment.
Drugs and substances such as marijuana, cocaine and heroine are not the only substances that can be abused. Alcohol, prescription drugs and over-the-counter medications, inhalant and solvents, sedatives, coffee and cigarettes.
Dear students its a simple presentation of substance abuse or alcoholic withdrawal and treatment. the substance abuse its a common problem of Young generations today, so health prevention and what is the cause of substance abuse in day today life. its only knowledge purpose.
substance use , Treatment for substance abuse often involves a combination of...arunjms86
Substance abuse can involve the misuse of legal substances, such as alcohol or prescription medications, as well as the use of illegal drugs. Some common substances of abuse include alcohol, nicotine, marijuana, cocaine, opioids (such as heroin and prescription painkillers), methamphetamines, and hallucinogens.
Alcohol and Tobacco
CHAPTER 12
*
Chapter 12
Alcohol and Tobacco
Learning Outcomes:Describe the impact of alcohol misuse among college students, and define binge drinkingDefine a standard drinkDescribe the symptoms of alcohol poisoning, and state what you should do if someone exhibits any of the symptomsEvaluate your drinking habits and list any health risks you are taking
Chapter 12
Alcohol and Tobacco
Learning Outcomes (continued):Describe some of the tobacco-control
policies on college campusesList the health effects of smoking
tobacco or using smokeless tobaccoDiscuss several recommended ways
to quit smokingDescribe the health effects of environmental or secondhand tobacco smokeAssess the health risks you may have experienced as a result of your own or others’ use of tobacco
Why Students Drink
Common Influences
Social norms Participation in Sports
Party Schools Coping
Living Arrangements Parental approval
Celebrations First-year transition
High Risk Drinking
High Risk Drinking:
binge drinking: man – 5 or more drinks; woman – 4 or more drinks at single sitting
pre-drinking: consuming alcoholic beverages before going to bars or parties
underage drinking:
drinking with disordered eating:
consumption of caffeinated alcoholic drinks
Risks & Consequences of DrinkingAtypical BehaviorAcademic ProblemsRisky Sexual BehaviorSexual AssaultUnintentional InjuryConsequences after collegeIllness and death
Consumption of large quantities of alcohol in short amount of time increases the risks & consequences even more
Alcohol Standard drink – equivalent to ½ oz. of 100% ethyl alcohol 12oz bottle/can of 5% alcohol beerOne glass (4-5oz) of wine (12% alcohol)One small glass (2 ½ oz) of fortified wine( 20%)One shot (10z) of distilled spirits (50%)
Factors affecting BAC
How much and how quickly you drink
What you’re drinking
Your size Your age
Your gender Your race
Other drugs Expectations
Family history Tolerance
Eating Stress/Fatigue
Alcohol Poisoning – Know the signsMental confusion, stupor, coma, or person cannot be rousedVomitingSeizureSlow breathing (<8 breaths/min)Irregular breathing ( 10s+ between breaths)Hypothermia
This is a medical emergency - seek help immediately – Call 911
Acute and Long-term Effects of Alcohol Abuse
Alcohol Problems
Alcohol abuse: continued use of alcohol despite awareness of social, occupational, psychological, or physical problems related to drinking or drinking in dangerous ways or situations
Alcohol dependence: development of a strong craving for alcohol because it produces pleasurable feelings or relieves stress
Alcoholism: a chronic, progressive, potentially fatal disease characterized by impaired control of drinking, a preoccupation with alcohol, continued use despite adverse consequences
Why People Start SmokingLimited EducationUnderestimation of RisksAdolescent Experimentation and RebellionStressParent Role ModelsAddictionGeneticsWe ...
Alcohol and TobaccoCHAPTER 12Chapter 12.docxSHIVA101531
Alcohol and Tobacco
CHAPTER 12
*
Chapter 12
Alcohol and Tobacco
Learning Outcomes:Describe the impact of alcohol misuse among college students, and define binge drinkingDefine a standard drinkDescribe the symptoms of alcohol poisoning, and state what you should do if someone exhibits any of the symptomsEvaluate your drinking habits and list any health risks you are taking
Chapter 12
Alcohol and Tobacco
Learning Outcomes (continued):Describe some of the tobacco-control
policies on college campusesList the health effects of smoking
tobacco or using smokeless tobaccoDiscuss several recommended ways
to quit smokingDescribe the health effects of environmental or secondhand tobacco smokeAssess the health risks you may have experienced as a result of your own or others’ use of tobacco
Why Students Drink
Common Influences
Social norms Participation in Sports
Party Schools Coping
Living Arrangements Parental approval
Celebrations First-year transition
High Risk Drinking
High Risk Drinking:
binge drinking: man – 5 or more drinks; woman – 4 or more drinks at single sitting
pre-drinking: consuming alcoholic beverages before going to bars or parties
underage drinking:
drinking with disordered eating:
consumption of caffeinated alcoholic drinks
Risks & Consequences of DrinkingAtypical BehaviorAcademic ProblemsRisky Sexual BehaviorSexual AssaultUnintentional InjuryConsequences after collegeIllness and death
Consumption of large quantities of alcohol in short amount of time increases the risks & consequences even more
Alcohol Standard drink – equivalent to ½ oz. of 100% ethyl alcohol 12oz bottle/can of 5% alcohol beerOne glass (4-5oz) of wine (12% alcohol)One small glass (2 ½ oz) of fortified wine( 20%)One shot (10z) of distilled spirits (50%)
Factors affecting BAC
How much and how quickly you drink
What you’re drinking
Your size Your age
Your gender Your race
Other drugs Expectations
Family history Tolerance
Eating Stress/Fatigue
Alcohol Poisoning – Know the signsMental confusion, stupor, coma, or person cannot be rousedVomitingSeizureSlow breathing (<8 breaths/min)Irregular breathing ( 10s+ between breaths)Hypothermia
This is a medical emergency - seek help immediately – Call 911
Acute and Long-term Effects of Alcohol Abuse
Alcohol Problems
Alcohol abuse: continued use of alcohol despite awareness of social, occupational, psychological, or physical problems related to drinking or drinking in dangerous ways or situations
Alcohol dependence: development of a strong craving for alcohol because it produces pleasurable feelings or relieves stress
Alcoholism: a chronic, progressive, potentially fatal disease characterized by impaired control of drinking, a preoccupation with alcohol, continued use despite adverse consequences
Why People Start SmokingLimited EducationUnderestimation of RisksAdolescent Experimentation and RebellionStressParent Role ModelsAddictionGeneticsWe.
Alcoholism has became the one of the leading cause for kidney and liver diseases. In India alcoholism is the root cause of poverty, unemployment, domestic conflicts, occupational disputes and deaths all together. Several Indian studies have shown the increased risk of suicide due to alcohol dependency. Thus it has became the global cause for depletion of human species all way round. Awareness, prevention, promotion, restoration and maintenance of health should be held up as essential base to work on for diverting the substance use/abuse and misuse and directing towards the sober community norms step by step to reduce intoxication, dependency, tolerance, conditioned learning and addiction as a whole.
Read| The latest issue of The Challenger is here! We are thrilled to announce that our school paper has qualified for the NATIONAL SCHOOLS PRESS CONFERENCE (NSPC) 2024. Thank you for your unwavering support and trust. Dive into the stories that made us stand out!
Ethnobotany and Ethnopharmacology:
Ethnobotany in herbal drug evaluation,
Impact of Ethnobotany in traditional medicine,
New development in herbals,
Bio-prospecting tools for drug discovery,
Role of Ethnopharmacology in drug evaluation,
Reverse Pharmacology.
Students, digital devices and success - Andreas Schleicher - 27 May 2024..pptxEduSkills OECD
Andreas Schleicher presents at the OECD webinar ‘Digital devices in schools: detrimental distraction or secret to success?’ on 27 May 2024. The presentation was based on findings from PISA 2022 results and the webinar helped launch the PISA in Focus ‘Managing screen time: How to protect and equip students against distraction’ https://www.oecd-ilibrary.org/education/managing-screen-time_7c225af4-en and the OECD Education Policy Perspective ‘Students, digital devices and success’ can be found here - https://oe.cd/il/5yV
Operation “Blue Star” is the only event in the history of Independent India where the state went into war with its own people. Even after about 40 years it is not clear if it was culmination of states anger over people of the region, a political game of power or start of dictatorial chapter in the democratic setup.
The people of Punjab felt alienated from main stream due to denial of their just demands during a long democratic struggle since independence. As it happen all over the word, it led to militant struggle with great loss of lives of military, police and civilian personnel. Killing of Indira Gandhi and massacre of innocent Sikhs in Delhi and other India cities was also associated with this movement.
Instructions for Submissions thorugh G- Classroom.pptxJheel Barad
This presentation provides a briefing on how to upload submissions and documents in Google Classroom. It was prepared as part of an orientation for new Sainik School in-service teacher trainees. As a training officer, my goal is to ensure that you are comfortable and proficient with this essential tool for managing assignments and fostering student engagement.
Welcome to TechSoup New Member Orientation and Q&A (May 2024).pdfTechSoup
In this webinar you will learn how your organization can access TechSoup's wide variety of product discount and donation programs. From hardware to software, we'll give you a tour of the tools available to help your nonprofit with productivity, collaboration, financial management, donor tracking, security, and more.
Model Attribute Check Company Auto PropertyCeline George
In Odoo, the multi-company feature allows you to manage multiple companies within a single Odoo database instance. Each company can have its own configurations while still sharing common resources such as products, customers, and suppliers.
Synthetic Fiber Construction in lab .pptxPavel ( NSTU)
Synthetic fiber production is a fascinating and complex field that blends chemistry, engineering, and environmental science. By understanding these aspects, students can gain a comprehensive view of synthetic fiber production, its impact on society and the environment, and the potential for future innovations. Synthetic fibers play a crucial role in modern society, impacting various aspects of daily life, industry, and the environment. ynthetic fibers are integral to modern life, offering a range of benefits from cost-effectiveness and versatility to innovative applications and performance characteristics. While they pose environmental challenges, ongoing research and development aim to create more sustainable and eco-friendly alternatives. Understanding the importance of synthetic fibers helps in appreciating their role in the economy, industry, and daily life, while also emphasizing the need for sustainable practices and innovation.
1. SUBSTANCE ABUSE
Intake through various means or route of both legal
and illegal substances with the intention of
producing a different state of mind or overall
feeling.
Intake of substances to achieve brain-altering effect
3. Substance Abuse
14% of adults have an alcohol-related
disorder-
6.2% have a substance-related disorder
(excluding nicotine)
Children of alcoholics are 4 times more
likely than the general population to
develop problems with alcohol
4. TYPES OF SUBSTANCE ABUSE
CLASSES OF SUBSTANCE ABUSE
- Alcohol
- Amphetamines or similarly acting
sympathomimetics
- Caffeine
- Cannabis
- Cocaine
- Hallucinogens
- Inhalants
- Nicotine
- Opioids
- Phencyclidine (PCP) or similarly
acting drugs
-Sedatives, hypnotics, or anxiolytics
-Methamphetamine
5. SUBSTANCE ABUSE DEFINITIONS
Intoxication is use of a substance that
results in maladaptive behavior
Withdrawal syndrome refers to the
negative psychological and physical
reactions that occur when use of a
substance ceases or dramatically
decreases
Detoxification is the process of safely
withdrawing from a substance
6. SUBSTANCE ABUSE
Substance abuse is using a drug in a
way that is inconsistent with medical
or social norms
(WHO) A maladaptive pattern of substance
use leading to significant problems or distress
such as
- failure to attend school, work
- substance use in dangerous situations
(driving a car)
- substance-related legal problems
- continued substance use that interferes
with family relationships and friendships
7. DSM-IV Criteria for Substance Abuse
- Maladaptive pattern of substance use,
manifested by >1 of the following occurring
at anytime within a 12 month period
1. Recurrent substance use resulting in failure to
fulfill major obligations at work, school or home
2. Recurrent substance use in situations in which
it is physically hazardous
3. Recurrent substance –related legal problem
4. Continued substance use despite having
persistent social or interpersonal problems caused
by the substance
8. SUBSTANCE DEPENDENCE
Substance dependence includes
problems associated with addiction
such as tolerance, withdrawal, and
unsuccessful attempts to stop using
the substance
(WHO) Continued use of a
substance, despite its negative
consequences or even when
significant problems related to
its use have developed.
9. DSM-IV Criteria for Substance Dependence
Maladaptive pattern of substance use, manifested by
>3 of the following symptoms occurring at anytime
in the same 12 month period:
1. Tolerance
2. Withdrawal
3. Substance taken in larger amounts or longer
periods
4. Persistent desire, unsuccessful efforts to
control substance use
5. Much time spent in activities to obtain
substance
6. Important social, occupational, recreational
activities are given up because of substance use
7. Substance use is continued despite knowledge
of having physical or psychological problem that is
likely due to substance use.
10. Onset and Clinical Course
Typically begins with the first episode of
intoxication between 15 and 17 years of
age
More severe difficulties begin in the mid-20s to
mid-30s
- Alcohol-related breakup of a significant
relationship
- An arrest for public intoxication or
driving while intoxicated
- Evidence of alcohol withdrawal
- Early alcohol-related health problems
- Significant interference with functioning at
work or school
11. ONSET AND CLINICAL COURSE
BLACKOUT....
TOLERANCE....
TOLERANCE
BREAK...
ABSTINENCE OR TEMPORARY
CONTROLLED DRINKING...
... OR SPONTANEOUS
REMISSION......... (20%)
12. HIGHER RATES OF SUCCESSFUL RECOVERY:
PEOPLE WHO ABSTAIN
HIGHLY MOTIVATED TO
QUIT
HISTORY OF LIFE
SUCCESS
13. PROGNOSIS IS POOR WHEN:
EARLIER AGE AT
ONSET
LONG PERIODS OF
SUBSTANCE USE
CO EXIST WITH MAJOR
PSYCH ILLNESS
14. EXTENDED USE COULD CAUSE RISK IN....
MENTAL AND
PHYSICAL
DETERIORATION
INFECTIOUS
DISEASES
17. The Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test:
0 1 2 3 4
1. How often do you
have a drink
containing
alcohol?
never Monthly
or less
2-4x a
month
2-3x a
week
4 or
more
times a
week
Please skip to Questions 9 and 10 if reply to Question 1 is
NEVER, or if both answers to Q 2 and 3 are 0.
18. The Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test:
0 1 2 3 4
2. How many drinks
containing alcohol do
you have on a typical
day when you are
drinking?
1-2
drinks
3-4
drinks
5-6
drinks
7,8 or 9
drinks
10 or
more
drinks
3. How often do you have
six or more drinks on
one occasion?
never less than
monthly
monthly weekly daily or
almost
daily
19. AUDIT:
0 1 2 3 4
4. How often during the
last year have you
found that you were
not able to stop
drinking once you had
started?
never less than
monthly
monthly weekly daily or
almost
daily
5. How often during the
last year have you
failed to do what was
normally expected
from you because of
drinking?
never less than
monthly
monthly weekly daily or
almost
daily
20. AUDIT:
0 1 2 3 4
6. How often during the
last year have you needed
a first drink in the
morning to get yourself
going after a heavy
drinking session?
never less than
monthly
monthly weekly daily or
almost
daily
7. How often during the
last year have you had a
feeling of guilt or remorse
after drinking?
never less than
monthly
monthly weekly daily or
almost
daily
21. AUDIT:
0 1 2 3 4
8. How often during the
last year have you been
unable to remember what
happened the night
before because you had
been drinking?
never less than
monthly
monthly weekly daily or
almost
daily
22. AUDIT:
0 2 4
9. Have you or
someone else been
injured as a result of
your drinking?
No, never Yes, but not
in the last
year
Yes, during
the last year
10. Has a relative or
friend or a doctor or
another health worker
been concerned about
your drinking or
suggested you cut
down?
No, never Yes, but not
in the last
year
Yes, during
the last year
23. AUDIT:
Risk Level Intervention AUDIT
score
Zone I – Low-risk drinking or
abstinence
Alcohol Education 0-7
Zone II – Alcohol use in
excess of low-risk guidelines
Simple Advice 8-15
Zone III – Harmful and
hazardous drinking
Simple Advice +
brief counseling &
cont’d. monitoring
16-19
Zone IV – Alcohol Dependent Refer to specialist
for Evaluation and
Treatment
20-40
24. ALCOHOL
Central nervous system depressant.
Intoxicated: relaxed, loss of inhibitions, slurred speech,
unsteady gait, impaired attention, aggressive , and
inappropriate behavior.
Overdose can result in vomiting, unconsciousness, and
respiratory depression.
Symptoms of withdrawal usually begin 4 to 12 hours
after cessation or marked reduction of alcohol intake
Alcohol withdrawal usually peaks on the second day and
is over in about 5 days
25. Withdrawal symptoms include:
Coarse hand tremors, irritability, heightened
alertness, jerky movements, numbness,
tremors, sweating, elevated pulse and
blood pressure, insomnia, anxiety, and
nausea or vomiting
Severe or untreated withdrawal may
progress to transient hallucinations,
illusion,seizures, or delirium—called
delirium tremens (DTs)
Benzodiazepines used for detoxification tx:
Lorazepam (Ativan), chlordiazepoxide
(Librium), or diazepam (Valium) suppress
the withdrawal symptoms
26. ADDICTION RESEARCH FOUNDATION- CIWA- AR
or CLINICAL INSTITUTE WITHDRAWAL
ASSESSMENT FOR ALCOHOL, REVISED
Less than 8= mild withdrawal
8- 15 = moderate
withdrawal
Greater than 15 = severe
withdrawal
27. TREATMENT AND NSG INT.FOR ALCOHOLISM:
- ANTABUSE (Disulfiram)
1. DETOXIFICATION
- PREVENT SUICIDE
- PREVENT CONVULSION/ SZ
- PROVIDE WELL LIGHTED ENVIRONMENT
- ESTABLISH NUTRITIONAL STATUS
- Vitamin B1 (thiamine) to prevent or to treat
- Wernicke’s syndrome and Korsakoff’s
syndrome
- Cyanocobalamin (vitamin B12) and folic acid for
nutritional deficiencies
2. REHABILITATION
28. 1. DEPRESSANTS- reduce
nervous activity thus decrease
body function
1. Narcotics Opiates, opioids- drugs
that relieve pain
2. Sedatives Hypnotics, sleeping pills
3. Tranquilizers Produce emotional
calmness and relaxation
4. Volatile Substances “solvents”
29. Examples of Narcotics: (for pain)
1.Demerol
2.Morphine SO4
3.Heroine- prohibited
4.Codeine- found in cough syrups
5.Opium- prohibited
6.Methadone
30. Narcotics (for pain)Intoxication and
Withdrawal
INTOXICATION:
1. DROWSINESS
2. SLURRED SPEECH
3. IMPAIRED ATTENTION/
MEMORY
4. ANALGESIA
5. DECREASE SEXUAL
DRIVE
6. HYPOACTIVITY
SWEATING
- NARCAN (NALOXONE)-
ANTIDOTE (OPIOID)
- Stopped here........
WITHDRAWAL(8-12 hours
after last dose) :
1. INSOMNIA
2. YAWNING
3. CRAVING FOR THE
DRUG
4. NAUSEA, VOMITING,
AND DIARRHEA
5. MUSCLE ACHES
6. LACRIMATION,
RHINORRHEA (FEVER)
7. PUPILLARY
DILATATION
32. Examples of Tranquilizers (produce
calmness and relaxation) :
1.Minor Tranquilizers- anxiolytic; anti-anxiety drugs
Examples:
- Valium and Anxionil – diazepam
- Ativan- lorazepam
- Xanax- Alprazolam
- Librium- chlordiazepoxide
- Serax- oxazepam
- Tranxene- chlorazepate
- Equanil- meprobamate Hcl
2. Major Tranquilizers- antipsychotics
- Thorazine, Haldol, Nozinan and Mellaril or Melleril
33. SEDATIVES AND ANXIOLYTICS INTOXICATION
AND WITHDRAWAL: 6-8 hrs.- 1 week
1.Slurred speech
2.Unsteady gait
3. Impaired attention
and memory
1.Nausea and
vomiting
2.Malaise/ weakness
3.Anxiety
4.Irritability
5.Hypersensitivity to
light and sound
6.Coarse tremors
7.Marked insomnia
8. inc. VS
9. seizures and
hallucinations
34. Narcotics, Sedatives, Tranquilizers,
and Anxiolytics
Central nervous system depressants
- Benzodiazepines alone, when taken
orally in overdose, are rarely fatal, but
the person will be lethargic and
confused
- Barbiturates, can be lethal when
taken in overdose. They can cause
coma, respiratory arrest, cardiac
failure, and death
36. INHALANTS:
Overdose:
Anoxia, respiratory depression, vagal stimulation,
and dysrhythmias
Death may occur from bronchospasm, cardiac
arrest, suffocation, or aspiration of the
compound or vomitus
People who abuse inhalants may suffer from
persistent dementia or inhalant-induced
disorders such as psychosis, anxiety, or mood
disorders even if the inhalant abuse ceases
Withdrawal symptoms: none
Treatment:
Supporting respiratory and cardiac functioning
until the substance is removed from the body
38. Stimulants intoxication and withdrawal:
1. Restlessness
2. Nervousness
3. Tirelessness
4. Insomnia
5. Anorexia
6. Weight loss
7. Hallucinations
8. Suspiciousness
9. Dilated pupils (shabu
and cocaine)
10.Muscle fasciculation
11.Nasal perforation,
epistaxis b/c of
ulceration in the nasal
mucosa
1. Dysphoria
2. Fatigue
3. Sleep DO
4. Agitation
5. Craving
6. unpleasant dreams
7. increased appetite
8. psychomotor retardation
or agitation
9. “crashing”--the person
may experience
depressive symptoms,
including suicidal
ideation, for several days
39. 3. HALLUCINOGENS
1.Marijuana- cannabis sativa ; maryjane. Pot,
grass, jules
2.LSD – LySergic Diethylamide (acid)
Excessive use of cannabis may produce delirium or
cannabis-induced psychotic disorder; overdoses of
cannabis do not occur
Withdrawal symptoms:
Insomnia, muscle aches, sweating, anxiety, and
tremors. Effects are treated symptomatically
Hallucinogens can produce flashbacks that may
persist for a few months up to 5 years.
40. Assessment
History: chaotic family life, family history,
crisis that precipitated treatment
General appearance and motor behavior:
depends on physical health; likely to be
fatigued, anxious
Mood and affect: may be tearful
(expressing guilt and remorse), angry,
sullen, quiet, unwilling to talk
Application of the Nursing Process: Substance
Abuse (cont’d)
41. Thought processes and content: minimize
substance use, blame others for problems,
rationalize their behavior, say they can quit
on their own
Sensorium and intellectual processes: alert
and oriented; intellectual abilities intact
(unless neurologic deficits from long-term
alcohol or inhalants)
Judgment and insight: poor judgment while
intoxicated and due to cravings for
substance; insight limited
Application of the Nursing Process: Substance
Abuse (cont’d)
42. Self-concept: low self-esteem, feels
inadequate at coping with life
Roles and relationships: strained
relationships and problems with
role fulfillment due to substance
use
Physiologic considerations: may have
trouble eating and sleeping; HIV
risk if IV drug user
Application of the Nursing Process: Substance
Abuse (cont’d)
43. Treatment is based on the concept that
alcoholism and drug addiction are medical
illnesses: chronic, progressive, characterized
by remissions and relapses
Treatment models include:
The Hazelden Clinic model
12-step program of Alcoholics Anonymous
(AA)
Individual and group counseling
Substance Abuse Treatment
44. TWELVE STEPS OF ALCOHOLICS ANONYMOUS
1. We admitted that we were powerless over alcohol,
that our lives had become unmanageable.
2. Came to believe that a Power greater than
ourselves could restore us to sanity.
3. Made a decision to turn our wills and lives over to
the care of God as we understood Him.
4. Made a searching and fearless moral inventory of
ourselves.
5. Admitted to God, to ourselves, and to another
human being the exact nature of our wrongs.
6. Were entirely ready to have God remove all these
defects of character.
7. Humbly asked Him to remove our shortcomings.
45. TWELVE STEPS OF ALCOHOLICS ANONYMOUS
8. Made a list of all persons we had harmed, and became
willing to make amends to them all.
9. Made direct amends to such people whenever possible,
except when to do so would injure them or others.
10. Continued to take personal inventory and when we
were wrong promptly admitted it.
11. Sought through prayer and meditation to improve our
conscious contact with God as we understood Him,
praying only for knowledge of His will for us and the
power to carry that out.
12. Having had a spiritual awakening as a result of these
steps, we tried to carry this message to alcoholics and
to practice these principles in all our affairs.
46. Pharmacologic Treatment
2 main purposes:
To permit safe withdrawal from alcohol,
sedative/hypnotics, and benzodiazepines
Prevent relapse
47. Pharmacologic Treatment (cont’d)
Safe withdrawal from alcohol involves:
Benzodiazepines to suppress withdrawal symptoms-
Lorazepam, chlordiazepoxide, and diazepam
Antipsychotics- Chlorpromazine (to reduce anxiety-
tremor state and prevent more serious withdrawal
symptom
Vitamin B1 (thiamine) to prevent or to treat Wernicke’s
syndrome and Korsakoff’s syndrome (food rich in
thiamine, lean pork, organ meat, nuts)
Cyanocobalamin (vitamin B12) and folic acid for
nutritional deficiencies
49. Data analysis
Nursing diagnoses common to physical health
needs include:
oImbalanced nutrition: less than body
requirements
oRisk for infection
oRisk for injury
oDiarrhea
oActivity intolerance
oSelf-care deficits
Application of the Nursing Process:
Substance Abuse (cont’d)
50. Data analysis (cont’d)
Nursing diagnoses common to
psychosocial health needs include:
oIneffective denial
oIneffective role performance
oInterrupted family processes:
alcoholism
oIneffective coping
Application of the Nursing Process: Substance
Abuse (cont’d)
51. Outcomes
The client will:
oAbstain from alcohol/drugs
oExpress feelings openly and directly
oAccept responsibility for own behavior
oPractice nonchemical alternatives to deal
with stress or difficult situations
oEstablish an effective aftercare plan
Application of the Nursing Process: Substance
Abuse (cont’d)
52. Intervention
Providing health teaching for client and
family
Addressing family issues:
oCodependence
oChanges in roles
Promoting coping skills
Application of the Nursing Process: Substance
Abuse (cont’d)