A DSM 5 Update: Substance - Related And Addictive DisordersChat 2 Recovery
Within the next year, most insurance providers will be expecting all claims to include the new DSM-5 nomenclature. It is imperative for all mental health professionals to be comfortable with the new diagnostic criteria and recording procedures. This presentation provides participants with a clear understanding of the revisions made in the category of Substance - Related and Addictive Disorders from the DSM-IV to the DSM-5.
Topics presented by Nick Lessa, CEO of Inter-Care: an addiction treatment program in New York City.
Includes:
Changes in the diagnostic criteria from the DSM–IV to the DSM-5
The distinction between Substance Use Disorders and the Substance - Induced Disorders
Recording procedures for Substance Related Disorders
A DSM 5 Update: Substance - Related And Addictive DisordersChat 2 Recovery
Within the next year, most insurance providers will be expecting all claims to include the new DSM-5 nomenclature. It is imperative for all mental health professionals to be comfortable with the new diagnostic criteria and recording procedures. This presentation provides participants with a clear understanding of the revisions made in the category of Substance - Related and Addictive Disorders from the DSM-IV to the DSM-5.
Topics presented by Nick Lessa, CEO of Inter-Care: an addiction treatment program in New York City.
Includes:
Changes in the diagnostic criteria from the DSM–IV to the DSM-5
The distinction between Substance Use Disorders and the Substance - Induced Disorders
Recording procedures for Substance Related Disorders
The Psychology and Neurology of Substance Related DisordersRaymond Zakhari
New York City Chapter Men In Nursing Conference 2016 an overview (includes specific information regarding marijuana, stimulants, hallucinogens, depressants)
Alcohol Addiction Treatment - An Ultimate Guide to Overcome Your AddictionInspire Change Wellness
>> Psychological Conditions Depicting Alcohol Addiction.
>> Alcohol Addiction Treatment in 3 steps.
>> Alcohol Addiction Treatment through Group Therapies.
>> Social Life and Alcohol Addiction Treatment.
Kevin W. O'Neil, MD, FACP, CMD and Chief Medical Officer of Internal Medicine and Geriatrics reviews how to navigate the intricacies of substance abuse in older adults.
Mental Health Policy - Substance Abuse and Co-Occurring ConditionsDr. James Swartz
These slides are from a mental health policy lecture that focuses on substance use disorders and their relationship to mental health issues. The latter half of the lecture is devoted to discussing key points in the history of drug policy in the US and is based on information from the related text: Substance Abuse in America: A Documentary and Reference Guide
The Psychology and Neurology of Substance Related DisordersRaymond Zakhari
New York City Chapter Men In Nursing Conference 2016 an overview (includes specific information regarding marijuana, stimulants, hallucinogens, depressants)
Alcohol Addiction Treatment - An Ultimate Guide to Overcome Your AddictionInspire Change Wellness
>> Psychological Conditions Depicting Alcohol Addiction.
>> Alcohol Addiction Treatment in 3 steps.
>> Alcohol Addiction Treatment through Group Therapies.
>> Social Life and Alcohol Addiction Treatment.
Kevin W. O'Neil, MD, FACP, CMD and Chief Medical Officer of Internal Medicine and Geriatrics reviews how to navigate the intricacies of substance abuse in older adults.
Mental Health Policy - Substance Abuse and Co-Occurring ConditionsDr. James Swartz
These slides are from a mental health policy lecture that focuses on substance use disorders and their relationship to mental health issues. The latter half of the lecture is devoted to discussing key points in the history of drug policy in the US and is based on information from the related text: Substance Abuse in America: A Documentary and Reference Guide
Micro organisms living in zinc contaminated soil - a reviewIOSR Journals
Zinc (Zn) has important effect on soil microbes; resultant of its ability to enhance as well as reduce activity depends on its concentration. Heavy metal contamination in soil is affecting animals, human and crop as well. As a result of industrialization for example smelting of metals, mining, electroplating, energy and fuel production, fertilizer, gas exhaust, municipal waste generation sewage and pesticide application, municipal waste generation, etc. Metal pollution is among one of the drastic ecological threats today. In several researches the effects of various solution of Zn on soil microbial communities and activities were analyzed by different concentration of Zn into a surface soil. Research lead to finding that, soil microorganisms is highly sensitive to metal concentration. Metal exerted poisoning impact after high amount was added. Higher concentration resulted slower growth of microbes. Levels of zinc in excess of 500 ppm in soil compete with other essential metals, such as iron and manganese for plant uptake. We can conclude that soil microbial communities and activities can adapt to Zn pollution to a certain extent. The micro organisms can play a substantial job in the remediation of heavy metals and other pollutants.
Human genetic susceptibility to mycobacterium tuberculosis 1Shweta Kaul
complete guide to the basics and all the guides for the human genetic susceptibility to mycobacterium tuberculosis for both masters and bachelors. This presentation includes the future perspectives and all the genes involved that had been identified till date for the disease susceptibility.
Chromosomes contains the genetic material, it means that when any alteration happens in the number and chromosomes structure can cause genetics illness, for example: ADS, cognition problems or some changes in the genome that can represent a benefit or damage for an individual or a specie like the protection of XX chromosome.
Biotechnology is an indigenous wave of innovation. This enhances the quality of the environment by protecting the natural resources. It plays key role for sustainable agriculture.
substance use , Treatment for substance abuse often involves a combination of...arunjms86
Substance abuse can involve the misuse of legal substances, such as alcohol or prescription medications, as well as the use of illegal drugs. Some common substances of abuse include alcohol, nicotine, marijuana, cocaine, opioids (such as heroin and prescription painkillers), methamphetamines, and hallucinogens.
2_Substance related and addictive disorders.pptxDr Rajesh Verma
Substance Abuse Related Disorders. this ppt is specially for students who are pursuing Post Graduate Diploma in Guidance and Counseling from GJUS&T Hisar and affiliated colleges.
Students can contact me for further discussion and doubts.
Readings· Perkinson, R. R. (2012). Chemical dependency counselin.docxsodhi3
Readings
· Perkinson, R. R. (2012). Chemical dependency counseling: A practical guide (4th ed.). Thousand Oaks, CA: SAGE.
. Appendix 3, “DSM-IV-TR Psychoactive Substance Use Disorder”
Focus on criteria for abuse versus criteria for dependence and information on tolerance and withdrawal.
· Enter your MyWalden user name: ([email protected]) and password (3#icldyoB1) at the prompt.
· American Psychiatric Association. (2013). Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders (5th ed.). Arlington, VA: Author. Appendix, “Highlights of Changes from DSM-IV to DSM-5”
. Appendix, “Highlights of Changes from DSM-IV to DSM-5”
· Lichtenberger, E. O. Mather, N., & Kaufman, N. L. (2004). Essentials of assessment report writing. New York, NY: Wiley. Follow this link the main book title, then select your chapter from the Table of Contents.
. Chapter 4, “Behavioral Observations”
Focus on tips for effective documentation of behavioral observations, including Rapid Reference 4.1, “Samples of Behaviors, Interpretations, and How to Combine Them into a Statement.
. Chapter 5, “Test Results and Interpretation”
Focus on principles of organization, including establishing a basic format, moving from the global to the specific and from standardized to informal results, and using global themes to organize.
. Chapter 6, “Diagnostic Impressions Summary”
Focus on the word impression and why it is so important to this chapter. Review the list of five elements of a diagnostic impression.
Media
·
WAL_PSYC3011_03_
A_EN-CC.mp4
Readings
· Perkinson, R. R. (2012). Chemical dependency counseling: A practical guide (4th ed.). Thousand Oaks, CA: SAGE.
. Appendix 3, “DSM-IV-TR Psychoactive Substance Use Disorder”
Focus on criteria for abuse versus criteria for dependence and information on tolerance and withdrawal.
· Enter your MyWalden user name: ([email protected]) and password (3#icldyoB1) at the prompt.
· American Psychiatric Association. (2013). Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders (5th ed.). Arlington, VA: Author. Appendix, “Highlights of Changes from DSM-IV to DSM-5”
. Appendix, “Highlights of Changes from DSM-IV to DSM-5”
· Lichtenberger, E. O. Mather, N., & Kaufman, N. L. (2004). Essentials of assessment report writing. New York, NY: Wiley. Follow this link the main book title, then select your chapter from the Table of Contents.
. Chapter 4, “Behavioral Observations”
Focus on tips for effective documentation of behavioral observations, including Rapid Reference 4.1, “Samples of Behaviors, Interpretations, and How to Combine Them into a Statement.
. Chapter 5, “Test Results and Interpretation”
Focus on principles of organization, including establishing a basic format, moving from the global to the specific and from standardized to informal results, and using global themes to organize.
. Chapter 6, “Diagnostic Impressions Summary”
Focus on the word impression and why it is so important to this chapter. Review the list of five el ...
clinical picture of drug abuse and dependenceMuskaanJoshi4
This presentation aims of understand the clinical picture of drug abuse and dependency. It covers the symptoms, levels of severity, DSM criteria and prevalence of each drug.
Substance-Related and Addictive Disordershttpsdoi-org.ezp.wal.docxjames891
Substance-Related and Addictive Disorders
https://doi-org.ezp.waldenulibrary.org/10.1176/appi.books.9780890425596.dsm16
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The substance-related disorders encompass 10 separate classes of drugs: alcohol; caffeine; cannabis; hallucinogens (with separate categories for phencyclidine [or similarly acting arylcyclohexylamines] and other hallucinogens); inhalants; opioids; sedatives, hypnotics, and anxiolytics; stimulants (amphetamine-type substances, cocaine, and other stimulants); tobacco; and other (or unknown) substances. These 10 classes are not fully distinct. All drugs that are taken in excess have in common direct activation of the brain reward system, which is involved in the reinforcement of behaviors and the production of memories. They produce such an intense activation of the reward system that normal activities may be neglected. Instead of achieving reward system activation through adaptive behaviors, drugs of abuse directly activate the reward pathways(Koob 2006). The pharmacological mechanisms by which each class of drugs produces reward are different, but the drugs typically activate the system and produce feelings of pleasure, often referred to as a “high.” Furthermore, individuals with lower levels of self-control, which may reflect impairments of brain inhibitory mechanisms, may be particularly predisposed to develop substance use disorders, suggesting that the roots of substance use disorders for some persons can be seen in behaviors long before the onset of actual substance use itself(Moffitt et al. 2011).
In addition to the substance-related disorders, this chapter also includes gambling disorder, reflecting evidence that gambling behaviors activate reward systems similar to those activated by drugs of abuse and produce some behavioral symptoms that appear comparable to those produced by the substance use disorders. Other excessive behavioral patterns, such as Internet gaming, have also been described, but the research on these and other behavioral syndromes is less clear. Thus, groups of repetitive behaviors, which some term behavioral addictions, with such subcategories as “sex addiction,” “exercise addiction,” or “shopping addiction,” are not included because at this time there is insufficient peer-reviewed evidence to establish the diagnostic criteria and course descriptions needed to identify these behaviors as mental disorders.
The substance-related disorders are divided into two groups: substance use disorders and substance-induced disorders. The following conditions may be classified as substance-induced: intoxication, withdrawal, and other substance/medication-induced mental disorders (psychotic disorders, bipolar and related disorders, depressive disorders, anxiety disorders, obsessive-compulsive and related disorders, sleep disorders, sexual dysfunctions, delirium, and neurocognitive disorders).
The current section begins with a general discussion of cri.
Drug addiction, also called substance use disorder, is a disease that affects a person's brain and behavior and leads to an inability to control the use of a legal or illegal drug or medicine
Those who have been waiting for marijuana to be legalised in US, rejoice. Following numerous laboratory tests, scientists from the National Cancer Institute have confirmed that cannabis, or marijuana, does kill cancer cells.
According to ICD 10 & DSM 5 , 12 categories of substances have been listed here alongwith their signs ,symptoms .
terminologies related to susbstance use ,their etiology ,management .
This presentation covers the nature and features of drug dependence. It also gives coverage to different psychological or biological models of drug addiction.
Chapter 5 Psychopharmacology and New Drug DevelopmentKey simisterchristen
Chapter 5: Psychopharmacology and New Drug Development
Key Terms
acute tolerance: A type of functional tolerance that occurs within a course of
action of a single drug dose.
attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder: A disorder with features such as a
greater-than-normal amount of activity, restlessness, difficulty concentrating or
sustaining attention, and impulsivity.
behavioral pharmacology: The specialty area of psychopharmacology that
concentrates on drug use as a learned behavior.
behavioral tolerance: Adjustment of behavior through experience in using a drug
to compensate for its intoxicating effects.
brand name: The commercial name given to a drug by its manufacturer.
causal relationship: A relationship between variables in which changes in a
second variable are due directly to changes in a first variable.
chemical name: The name given to a drug that represents its chemical structure.
conflict paradigm: A research procedure that concerns the effects on a behavior
of a drug
that has a history of both reinforcement and punishment.
control group: The reference or comparison group in an experiment. The control
group does not receive the experimental manipulation or intervention whose effect
is being tested.
cross-tolerance: Tolerance to a drug or drugs never taken that results from
protracted tolerance to another drug or drugs.
dispositional tolerance: An increase in the rate of metabolizing a drug as a result
of its regular use.
drug discrimination study: A research procedure that primarily concerns the
differentiation of drug effects.
drug expectancy: A person’s anticipation of or belief about what they will
experience upon taking a drug.
functional tolerance: Decreased behavioral effects of a drug as a result of its
regular use.
generalizable: Applicability of a research finding from one setting or group of
research participants to others.
generic name: The general name given to a drug that is shorter (and easier for
most people to say) than its chemical name.
group design: A type of experimental design in which groups (as compared to
individual cases) of subjects are compared to establish experimental findings.
homeostasis: A state of equilibrium or balance. Systems at homeostasis are
stable; when homeostasis is disrupted, the system operates to restore it.
initial sensitivity: The effect of a drug on someone using it for the first time.
paradoxical: Contrary to what is expected. A paradoxical drug effect is opposite in
direction to what is expected based on the drug’s chemical structure.
placebo control: A type of control originating in drug research. Placebo subjects
have the same makeup and are treated exactly like a group of subjects who receive
a drug, except that placebo subjects receive a chemically inactive substance.
protracted tolerance: A type of functional tolerance that occurs over the course
of two or more drug administrations.
psychosis: A severe mental disorder whose symptoms include disorganized ...
This ppt is made for basic knowledge of pharmacology to any person.
Any non medical person can read this presentation and increase his/her knowledge for medicines and drugs.
in this presentation we explain medicine and it's importance in detail.
people can read about the medicine its classification and type of dose of injection.
#pharmacy #pharmacology #biology
#drugs #medicine #dosage
#health #healthcare
Addiction is an old enemy of mankind. Here in this presentation, it is discussed how substances having abuse potential causes temporary and permanent changes to neuronal circuits in our brain.
Similar to Management of Substance-Related Psychiatric Disorders (Amphetamines) (20)
Biological screening of herbal drugs: Introduction and Need for
Phyto-Pharmacological Screening, New Strategies for evaluating
Natural Products, In vitro evaluation techniques for Antioxidants, Antimicrobial and Anticancer drugs. In vivo evaluation techniques
for Anti-inflammatory, Antiulcer, Anticancer, Wound healing, Antidiabetic, Hepatoprotective, Cardio protective, Diuretics and
Antifertility, Toxicity studies as per OECD guidelines
Welcome to TechSoup New Member Orientation and Q&A (May 2024).pdfTechSoup
In this webinar you will learn how your organization can access TechSoup's wide variety of product discount and donation programs. From hardware to software, we'll give you a tour of the tools available to help your nonprofit with productivity, collaboration, financial management, donor tracking, security, and more.
The French Revolution, which began in 1789, was a period of radical social and political upheaval in France. It marked the decline of absolute monarchies, the rise of secular and democratic republics, and the eventual rise of Napoleon Bonaparte. This revolutionary period is crucial in understanding the transition from feudalism to modernity in Europe.
For more information, visit-www.vavaclasses.com
How to Make a Field invisible in Odoo 17Celine George
It is possible to hide or invisible some fields in odoo. Commonly using “invisible” attribute in the field definition to invisible the fields. This slide will show how to make a field invisible in odoo 17.
Acetabularia Information For Class 9 .docxvaibhavrinwa19
Acetabularia acetabulum is a single-celled green alga that in its vegetative state is morphologically differentiated into a basal rhizoid and an axially elongated stalk, which bears whorls of branching hairs. The single diploid nucleus resides in the rhizoid.
Model Attribute Check Company Auto PropertyCeline George
In Odoo, the multi-company feature allows you to manage multiple companies within a single Odoo database instance. Each company can have its own configurations while still sharing common resources such as products, customers, and suppliers.
Read| The latest issue of The Challenger is here! We are thrilled to announce that our school paper has qualified for the NATIONAL SCHOOLS PRESS CONFERENCE (NSPC) 2024. Thank you for your unwavering support and trust. Dive into the stories that made us stand out!
Unit 8 - Information and Communication Technology (Paper I).pdfThiyagu K
This slides describes the basic concepts of ICT, basics of Email, Emerging Technology and Digital Initiatives in Education. This presentations aligns with the UGC Paper I syllabus.
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Dive into the world of AI! Experts Jon Hill and Tareq Monaur will guide you through AI's role in enhancing nonprofit websites and basic marketing strategies, making it easy to understand and apply.
9. OUTLINES
1. Diagnostic criteria in DSM-IV-TR (Dependence, Abuse, Intoxication, Withdrawal)
2. Change in DSM-V
3. Introduction of Amphetamines (Classification, Indications, Common users)
4. How Amphetamines Work
5. Amphetamine Intoxication & Withdrawal
6. Management
7. Other Specific Amphetamine-Related Psychiatric Disorders
11. DSM-IV-TR FOR SUBST. DEPENDENCE
A maladaptive pattern of substance use, leading to clinically significant impairment or distress, as manifested by 3 (or
more) of the following, occurring at any time in the same 12-month period:
1. tolerance, as defined by either of the following:
a) a need for markedly increased amounts of the substance to achieve intoxication or desired effect
b) markedly diminished effect with continued use of the same amount of the substance
2. withdrawal, as manifested by either of the following
a) the characteristic withdrawal syndrome for the substance (refer to Criteria A and B of the criteria sets for Withdrawal from
the specific substances)
b) the same (or a closely related) substance is taken to relieve or avoid withdrawal symptoms
3. the substance is often taken in larger amounts or over a longer period than was intended
4. there is a persistent desire or unsuccessful efforts to cut down or control substance use
5. a great deal of time is spent in activities necessary to obtain the substance (e.g., visiting multiple doctors or driving long
distances), use the substance (e.g., chain-smoking), or recover from its effects
6. important social, occupational, or recreational activities are given up or reduced because of substance use
7. the substance use is continued despite knowledge of having a persistent or recurrent physical or psychological problem
that is likely to have been caused or exacerbated by the substance (e.g., current cocaine use despite recognition of cocaine-induced
depression, or continued drinking despite recognition that an ulcer was made worse by alcohol consumption)
12. DSM-IV-TR FOR SUBST. ABUSE
A. A maladaptive pattern of substance use leading to clinically significant impairment or distress, as manifested by 1 (or
more) of the following, occurring within a 12-month period:
1. recurrent substance use resulting in a failure to fulfill major role obligations at work, school, or home (e.g.,
repeated absences or poor work performance related to substance use; substance-related absences, suspensions, or
expulsions from school; neglect of children or household)
2. recurrent substance use in situations in which it is physically hazardous (e.g., driving an automobile or operating a
machine when impaired by substance use)
3. recurrent substance-related legal problems (e.g., arrests for substance-related disorderly conduct)
4. continued substance use despite having persistent or recurrent social or interpersonal problems caused or
exacerbated by the effects of the substance (e.g., arguments with spouse about consequences of intoxication, physical
fights)
B. The symptoms have never met the criteria for Substance Dependence for this class of substance.
13. DSM-IV-TR FOR SUBST. INTOXICATION
A. The development of a reversible substance-specific syndrome due to recent ingestion of (or exposure to) a
substance. Note: Different substances may produce similar or identical syndromes.
B. Clinically significant maladaptive behavioral or psychological changes that are due to the effect of the
substance on the central nervous system (e.g., belligerence, mood lability, cognitive impairment, impaired judgment,
impaired social or occupational functioning) and develop during or shortly after use of the substance.
C. The symptoms are not due to a general medical condition and are not better accounted for by another mental
disorder.
14. DSM-IV-TR FOR SUBST. WITHDRAWAL
A. The development of a substance-specific syndrome due to the cessation of (or reduction in) substance use that
has been heavy and prolonged.
B. The substance-specific syndrome causes clinically significant distress or impairment in social, occupational, or other
important areas of functioning.
C. The symptoms are not due to a general medical condition and are not better accounted for by another mental
disorder.
16. 1. Major change with substance abuse and alcohol abuse and dependence disorders : removal of the distinction between
“abuse” and “dependence.” The chapter also moves “gambling disorder” into it as a behavioral addiction.
2. Criteria are provided for substance use disorder, accompanied by criteria for intoxication, withdrawal,
substance/medication-induced disorders, and unspecified substance-induced disorders, where relevant.
3. Two major changes to the new DSM-5 criteria for substance use disorder:
1. “Recurrent legal problems” criterion for substance abuse has been deleted from DSM-5
2. A new criterion has been added: craving or a strong desire or urge to use a substance
4. The threshold for substance use disorder diagnosis in DSM-5 is set at two or more criteria. This is a change from DSM-IV,
where abuse required a threshold of one or more criteria be met, and three or more for DSM-IV substance dependence.
5. Cannabis withdrawal is new for DSM-5, as is caffeine withdrawal (which was in DSM-IV Appendix B, “Criteria Sets and
Axes Provided for Further Study”).
CHANGE IN DSM-V
http://pro.psychcentral.com/dsm-5-changes-addiction-substance-related-disorders-alcoholism/004370.html
17. CHANGE IN DSM-V
6. Criteria for DSM-5 tobacco use disorder are the same as those for other substance use disorders. By contrast, DSM-IV did
not have a category for tobacco abuse, so the criteria in DSM-5 that are from DSM-IV abuse are new for tobacco in DSM-5.”
7. Severity of the DSM-5 substance use disorders is based on the number of criteria endorsed:
- 2–3 criteria indicate a mild disorder
- 4–5 criteria, a moderate disorder
- 6 or more, a severe disorder
8. The DSM-5 removes the physiological subtype, as well as the diagnosis for “polysubstance dependence.”
9. Early remission from a DSM-5 substance use disorder is defined as at least 3 but less than 12 months without
substance use disorder criteria (except craving), and sustained re-mission is defined as at least 12 months
without criteria (except craving). Additional new DSM-5 specifiers include “in a controlled environment” and “on
maintenance therapy” as the situation warrants.
http://pro.psychcentral.com/dsm-5-changes-addiction-substance-related-disorders-alcoholism/004370.html
22. COMMON USERS
– Students studying for examinations
– Long-distance truck drivers on trips
– Business people with important deadlines
– Athletes in competition
– Soldiers during wartime
In need to increase performance and induce
euphoric feelings
28. DSM-IV-TR FOR AMPHETAMINE INTOXICATION
A. Recent use of amphetamine or a related substance (e.g., methylphenidate).
B. Clinically significant maladaptive behavioral or psychological changes (e.g., euphoria or affective
blunting; changes in sociability; hypervigilance; interpersonal sensitivity; anxiety, tension, or anger;
stereotyped behaviors; impaired judgment; or impaired social or occupational functioning) that developed
during, or shortly after use of amphetamine or a related substance.
C. Two (or more) of the following, developing during, or shortly after, use of amphetamine or a related
substance:
1. tachycardia or bradycardia
2. papillary dilation
3. elevated or lowered blood pressure
4. perspiration or chills
5. nausea or vomiting
6. evidence of weight loss
7. psychomotor agitation or retardation
8. muscular weakness, respiratory depression, chest pain, or cardiac arrhythmias
9. confusion, seizures, dyskinesias, dystonias, or coma
D. The symptoms are not due to a general medical condition and are not better accounted for by
another mental disorder.
30. GENERAL EXAMINATION
• Anorexia
• Overtalkativeness
• Profuse sweating
• Tics
• Formication
1. GENERAL
2. FACE
3. CNS
4. CVS
5. RESPIRATORY
6. URINARY
7. SYSTEMIC
8. ABDOMEN
9. SEXUAL
10. PSYCHOLOGY
SIDE EFFECTS OF STIMULANTS
31. FACE
• Acne
• Dilated pupils
• Blurred vision
• Dry mouth and nose
• Excessive grinding of teeth
• Meth mouth
• Dehydration
1. GENERAL
2. FACE
3. CNS
4. CVS
5. RESPIRATORY
6. URINARY
7. SYSTEMIC
8. ABDOMEN
9. SEXUAL
10. PSYCHOLOGY
SIDE EFFECTS OF STIMULANTS
32. 1. GENERAL
2. FACE
3. CNS
4. CVS
5. RESPIRATORY
6. URINARY
7. SYSTEMIC
8. ABDOMEN
9. SEXUAL
10. PSYCHOLOGY
SIDE EFFECTS OF STIMULANTS
CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM
SIDE EFFECTS OVERDOSE
• Confusion
• Fast reflexes
• Agitation
• Tremor
• Seizure
• Psychosis
• Compulsive and repetitive
behaviour
• Serotonin syndrome
• Adrenergic storm
33. 1. GENERAL
2. FACE
3. CNS
4. CVS
5. RESPIRATORY
6. URINARY
7. SYSTEMIC
8. ABDOMEN
9. SEXUAL
10. PSYCHOLOGY
SIDE EFFECTS OF STIMULANTS
CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEM
SIDE EFFECTS OVERDOSE
• Tachycardia
• Hyper/hypotension
• Raynaud’s
phenomenon
Cardiac arrythmia
• Cardiogenic shock
• Cerebral haemorrhage
• Circulatory collapse
34. 1. GENERAL
2. FACE
3. CNS
4. CVS
5. RESPIRATORY
6. URINARY
7. SYSTEMIC
8. ABDOMEN
9. SEXUAL
10. PSYCHOLOGY
SIDE EFFECTS OF STIMULANTS
RESPIRATORY SYSTEM
SIDE EFFECTS OVERDOSE
• Tachypnea • Pulmonary edema
• Pulmonary hypertension
• Respiratory alkalosis
35. 1. GENERAL
2. FACE
3. CNS
4. CVS
5. RESPIRATORY
6. URINARY
7. SYSTEMIC
8. ABDOMEN
9. SEXUAL
10. PSYCHOLOGY
SIDE EFFECTS OF STIMULANTS
URINARY SYSTEM
SIDE EFFECTS OVERDOSE
• Urinary retention
• Dysuria
• Oliguria
• Kidney failure
36. 1. GENERAL
2. FACE
3. CNS
4. CVS
5. RESPIRATORY
6. URINARY
7. SYSTEMIC
8. ABDOMEN
9. SEXUAL
10. PSYCHOLOGY
SIDE EFFECTS OF STIMULANTS
SYSTEMIC
SIDE EFFECTS OVERDOSE
• Hyperthermia • Hyper/hypokalemia
• Hyperpyrexia
• Metabolic acidosis
37. 1. GENERAL
2. FACE
3. CNS
4. CVS
5. RESPIRATORY
6. URINARY
7. SYSTEMIC
8. ABDOMEN
9. SEXUAL
10. PSYCHOLOGY
SIDE EFFECTS OF STIMULANTS
ABDOMEN
• Stomach pain
• Loss of appetite
• Nausea
• Weight loss
38. 1. GENERAL
2. FACE
3. CNS
4. CVS
5. RESPIRATORY
6. URINARY
7. SYSTEMIC
8. ABDOMEN
9. SEXUAL
10. PSYCHOLOGY
SIDE EFFECTS OF STIMULANTS
SEXUAL
• Erectile dysfunction
• Frequent erections
• Prolonged erections
39. 1. GENERAL
2. FACE
3. CNS
4. CVS
5. RESPIRATORY
6. URINARY
7. SYSTEMIC
8. ABDOMEN
9. SEXUAL
10. PSYCHOLOGY
SIDE EFFECTS OF STIMULANTS
PSYCHOLOGY
• Increased alertness
• Concentration
• Prolonged wakefulness
• Insomnia
• Less fatigue
• Elated mood followed by mildly depressed mood
• Sociability
42. DSM-IV-TR FOR AMPHETAMINE WITHDRAWAL
A. Cessation of (or reduction in) amphetamine (or a related substance) use that has been
heavy and prolonged.
B. Dysphoric mood and two (or more) of the following physiological changes, developing
within a few hours to several days after Criterion A:
1. fatigue
2. vivid, unpleasant dreams
3. insomnia or hypersomnia
4. Increased appetite
5. psychomotor retardation or agitation
C. The symptoms in Criterion B cause clinically significant distress or impairment in
social, occupational, or other important areas of functioning.
D. The symptoms are not due to a general medical condition and are not better
accounted for by another mental disorder.
44. • Symptomatic
MANAGEMENT
• Treat specific amphetamine-induced disorders with specific drugs
– Antipsychotics
– Anxiolytics
– Diazepam (Valium)
• Help patient remains abstinent from drug (individual, family and group psychotherapy)
• Deal with underlying depression, personality disorder, or both.
• Bupropion (Wellbutrin) may be of use after patients have withdrawn from amphetamine.
It will give feelings of well-being as these patients cope with the dysphoria that may
accompany abstinence.
47. AMPHETAMINE-RELATED PSYCHI DISORDERS
1. Amphetamine-Induced Anxiety Disorder
Can induce symptoms similar to those seen in obsessive-compulsive
disorder, panic disorder & phobic disorders
2. Amphetamine-Induced Mood Disorder
- Intoxication : manic or mixed mood features
- Withdrawal : depressive mood features
3. Amphetamine-Induced Sexual Dysfunction
High doses and long-term is associated with erectile disorder and other
sexual dysfunctions
4. Amphetamine-Induced Sleep Disorder
- Intoxication : insomnia and sleep deprivation
- Withdrawal : hypersomnolence & nightmares
48. AMPHETAMINE-RELATED PSYCHI DISORDERS
6. Amphetamine-induced psychotic disorder
– Hallmark : presence of paranoia
– Differentiating characteristics from paranoid schizophrenia:
• Hyperactivity
• Generally appropriate affects
• Predominance of visual hallucinations
• Little evidence of disordered thinking
• Confusion and incoherence
• Hypersexuality
– If acute, can be completely indistinguishable from schizophrenia
– Treatment of choice : short-term use of an antipsychotic (eg: haloperidol)
49. REFERENCES
• Oxford Psychiatry Third Edition (2005). Written by Gelder, M.,
Mayou, R. & Geddes, J. Published by Oxford University Press.
• Kaplan and Sadock's Synopsis of Psychiatry (10th ed), pp. 407-412
• Kaplan & Sadock’s Pocket Handbook of Clinical Psychiatry Fifth
Edition (2010). Written by Sadock, B.J. & Sadock, V.A. Published by
Lippincott Williams & Wilkins.
• http://www.adk.gov.my/html/pdf/hada2014/01-%20ATS.pdf
• emedicine.medscape.com
Editor's Notes
DSM-IV-TR specifies perceptual disturbances as a symptom of amphetamine intoxication. If intact reality testing is absent, a diagnosis of amphetamine-induced psychotic disorder with onset during intoxication is indicated. The symptoms of amphetamine intoxication are mostly resolved after 24 hours and are generally completely resolved after 48 hours.
After amphetamine intoxication, a crash occurs with symptoms of anxiety, tremulousness, dysphoric mood, lethargy, fatigue, nightmares (accompanied by rebound rapid eye movement [REM] sleep), headache, profuse sweating, muscle cramps, stomach cramps, and insatiable hunger. The withdrawal symptoms generally peak in 2 to 4 days and are resolved in 1 week. The most serious withdrawal symptom is depression, which can be particularly severe after the sustained use of high doses of amphetamine and which can be associated with suicidal ideation or behavior.
Dysphoria:Feeling of unpleasantness or discomfort; a mood of general dissatisfaction and restlessness. Occurs in depression and anxiety.