ABSTRACT- Background and Objectives: Heavy metals exposure in animals can lead to profound effects in growth
and development. There have been incidences of various teratogenic effects in the past due to heavy metals exposure from
various sources. The present study was conducted to access the effect of chronic heavy metals exposure in animal models.
Materials and Methods: An experimental prospective study was performed with viviparous animal Heterometrus
fulvipes to access the cumulative effect of chronic heavy metals exposure. H. fulvipes was exposed with mercury and
lead; and effects monitored and documented in different times.
Results: Chronic heavy metal exposure had considerable effects in mother and fetus of H. fulvipes. The effects in mother
were represented by the loss of body weight and decrease in hepato-pancreatic weight and hepato-somatic index. Chronic
exposure in fetus resulted in decrement in the embryonic length with subsequent reduction in the length and weight of
embryos.
Discussion: These studies and results of heavy metals in animal have proved the harmful effects of chronic heavy metal
exposure with multitude of questions. The question of particular concern would be that how well animal teratology studies
will predict the human hazard. The primary area of focus could be on the prevention of the birth defects induced by
maternal exposure to heavy metals during pregnancy, as well as early prevention of teratogenic effects.
Conclusion: It is necessary that the heavy metal toxicity be well documented in humans, and adequate precaution should
be taken in mother and fetus to decrease its detrimental effects in the long run.
Key-words- Heterometrus fulvipes, Heavy Metals, Hepato-somatic indices, Morphometry
“Biology is defined as the study of living organisms, their origins, anatomy, morphology, physiology, behaviour, and distribution.”
Life is teeming in every corner of the globe – from the frozen Arctics to the searing Sahara. And with over 8.7 million species documented till date, the earth is the only planet in the universe where life is known to exist.Advancements in technology have opened up even more insights about life and its constituents. For instance, discoveries such as viruses have scrutinized traditional definitions and pushed scientists to look at life from a whole new perspective.
dkNET Webinar: A New Approach to the Study of Energy Balance and Obesity usin...dkNET
Abstract
We report a web-based tool for analysis of experiments using indirect calorimetry to measure physiological energy balance. CalR simplifies the process to import raw data files, generate plots, and determine the most appropriate statistical tests for interpretation. Analysis using the generalized linear model (which includes ANOVA and ANCOVA) allows for flexibility in interpreting diverse experimental designs, including those of obesity and thermogenesis. Users also may produce standardized output files for an experiment that can be shared and subsequently re-evaluated using CalR. This framework will provide the transparency necessary to enhance consistency, rigor, and reproducibility. The CalR analysis software will greatly increase the speed and efficiency with which metabolic experiments can be organized, analyzed per accepted norms, and reproduced and has become a standard tool for the field. CalR is accessible at https://CalRapp.org/
The top 4 key questions that our tool can answer:
1. Can I reproducibly and transparently analyze indirect calorimetry experiments in under 10 minutes?
2. How hard is it to use Analysis of Covariance (ANCOVA) to determine whether my groups of animals are significantly different?
3. Is there an automated, reproducible way to exclude “noisy” outlier data from our indirect calorimetry experiments?
4. What are the key factors in determining metabolic rate of mice?
Presenter: Alexander Banks, PhD, principal investigator and assistant professor at Harvard Medical School and the Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center.
dkNET Webinar Information: https://dknet.org/about/webinar
E-screen assay validation: evaluation of estrogenic activity by MCF7 cell cul...Agriculture Journal IJOEAR
— Natural and synthetic estrogens have been detected in rivers, lakes and estuaries in many parts of the world. Primary sources of these compounds are domestic and industrial effluents, which are not deleted after the water treatment. Estrogen has been the endocrine disruptor most researched to be very active biologically and be the etiologic agent of diverse types of cancer and other conditions such as endometriosis, precocious puberty, feminization, masculinization, sterility. In this context, we use water of 36 natural reservoirs or dams, in a bioassay to characterize their estrogenicity in culture of MCF7 cells and obtained high concentration of estrogen in samples taken in Ibiúna and Equestrian Santo Amaro / SP. However, certain concentration in our samples for most water samples from different regions was very close to the limit of quantification by bioassay and estrogen was in fmol. It has been shown that e-screen assay with MCF7 cells is a sensitive and stable tool for quantitative analysis of estrogenicity of water and can easily be developed and implemented for routine for estrogen quantification also in animal food and man, aqueous and plastics etc. Keywords— endocrine disrupters, estrogen, breast cancer cells, (MCF7) bioassay: E-screen assay
The IOSR Journal of Pharmacy (IOSRPHR) is an open access online & offline peer reviewed international journal, which publishes innovative research papers, reviews, mini-reviews, short communications and notes dealing with Pharmaceutical Sciences( Pharmaceutical Technology, Pharmaceutics, Biopharmaceutics, Pharmacokinetics, Pharmaceutical/Medicinal Chemistry, Computational Chemistry and Molecular Drug Design, Pharmacognosy & Phytochemistry, Pharmacology, Pharmaceutical Analysis, Pharmacy Practice, Clinical and Hospital Pharmacy, Cell Biology, Genomics and Proteomics, Pharmacogenomics, Bioinformatics and Biotechnology of Pharmaceutical Interest........more details on Aim & Scope).
All manuscripts are subject to rapid peer review. Those of high quality (not previously published and not under consideration for publication in another journal) will be published without delay.
Wagner College Forum for Undergraduate Research, Vol. 17 No. 1Wagner College
The Fall 2018 issue contains abstracts by Kevin Lipton, John Acquaviva, Lejla Bolevic, Anna Cios, Lauren Taibi, Samantha Susi & Jack Leighton, Mara Mineo, Tamar Amirov & Vinh Phuong, Kelsey Savje & Domenick Palmieri, Oskar Sundberg & Iireyel Gittens, Ellen Reidy, Derek Avery, Zachary Pandorf & Michelle Hernandez, Piper Skinner, Matthew Barreto & Victor Ruan, Monica Valero and Gent Prelvukaj. It also contains articles by Adam O’Brien, Cathryn Cantyne, Claire Johnson & Jacqueline Otake, Jordan Gonzales, Jacquelyn Thorsen, John Badagliacca, Elena Rotzokou, Ethan Meyer and Glen MacDonald.
“Biology is defined as the study of living organisms, their origins, anatomy, morphology, physiology, behaviour, and distribution.”
Life is teeming in every corner of the globe – from the frozen Arctics to the searing Sahara. And with over 8.7 million species documented till date, the earth is the only planet in the universe where life is known to exist.Advancements in technology have opened up even more insights about life and its constituents. For instance, discoveries such as viruses have scrutinized traditional definitions and pushed scientists to look at life from a whole new perspective.
dkNET Webinar: A New Approach to the Study of Energy Balance and Obesity usin...dkNET
Abstract
We report a web-based tool for analysis of experiments using indirect calorimetry to measure physiological energy balance. CalR simplifies the process to import raw data files, generate plots, and determine the most appropriate statistical tests for interpretation. Analysis using the generalized linear model (which includes ANOVA and ANCOVA) allows for flexibility in interpreting diverse experimental designs, including those of obesity and thermogenesis. Users also may produce standardized output files for an experiment that can be shared and subsequently re-evaluated using CalR. This framework will provide the transparency necessary to enhance consistency, rigor, and reproducibility. The CalR analysis software will greatly increase the speed and efficiency with which metabolic experiments can be organized, analyzed per accepted norms, and reproduced and has become a standard tool for the field. CalR is accessible at https://CalRapp.org/
The top 4 key questions that our tool can answer:
1. Can I reproducibly and transparently analyze indirect calorimetry experiments in under 10 minutes?
2. How hard is it to use Analysis of Covariance (ANCOVA) to determine whether my groups of animals are significantly different?
3. Is there an automated, reproducible way to exclude “noisy” outlier data from our indirect calorimetry experiments?
4. What are the key factors in determining metabolic rate of mice?
Presenter: Alexander Banks, PhD, principal investigator and assistant professor at Harvard Medical School and the Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center.
dkNET Webinar Information: https://dknet.org/about/webinar
E-screen assay validation: evaluation of estrogenic activity by MCF7 cell cul...Agriculture Journal IJOEAR
— Natural and synthetic estrogens have been detected in rivers, lakes and estuaries in many parts of the world. Primary sources of these compounds are domestic and industrial effluents, which are not deleted after the water treatment. Estrogen has been the endocrine disruptor most researched to be very active biologically and be the etiologic agent of diverse types of cancer and other conditions such as endometriosis, precocious puberty, feminization, masculinization, sterility. In this context, we use water of 36 natural reservoirs or dams, in a bioassay to characterize their estrogenicity in culture of MCF7 cells and obtained high concentration of estrogen in samples taken in Ibiúna and Equestrian Santo Amaro / SP. However, certain concentration in our samples for most water samples from different regions was very close to the limit of quantification by bioassay and estrogen was in fmol. It has been shown that e-screen assay with MCF7 cells is a sensitive and stable tool for quantitative analysis of estrogenicity of water and can easily be developed and implemented for routine for estrogen quantification also in animal food and man, aqueous and plastics etc. Keywords— endocrine disrupters, estrogen, breast cancer cells, (MCF7) bioassay: E-screen assay
The IOSR Journal of Pharmacy (IOSRPHR) is an open access online & offline peer reviewed international journal, which publishes innovative research papers, reviews, mini-reviews, short communications and notes dealing with Pharmaceutical Sciences( Pharmaceutical Technology, Pharmaceutics, Biopharmaceutics, Pharmacokinetics, Pharmaceutical/Medicinal Chemistry, Computational Chemistry and Molecular Drug Design, Pharmacognosy & Phytochemistry, Pharmacology, Pharmaceutical Analysis, Pharmacy Practice, Clinical and Hospital Pharmacy, Cell Biology, Genomics and Proteomics, Pharmacogenomics, Bioinformatics and Biotechnology of Pharmaceutical Interest........more details on Aim & Scope).
All manuscripts are subject to rapid peer review. Those of high quality (not previously published and not under consideration for publication in another journal) will be published without delay.
Wagner College Forum for Undergraduate Research, Vol. 17 No. 1Wagner College
The Fall 2018 issue contains abstracts by Kevin Lipton, John Acquaviva, Lejla Bolevic, Anna Cios, Lauren Taibi, Samantha Susi & Jack Leighton, Mara Mineo, Tamar Amirov & Vinh Phuong, Kelsey Savje & Domenick Palmieri, Oskar Sundberg & Iireyel Gittens, Ellen Reidy, Derek Avery, Zachary Pandorf & Michelle Hernandez, Piper Skinner, Matthew Barreto & Victor Ruan, Monica Valero and Gent Prelvukaj. It also contains articles by Adam O’Brien, Cathryn Cantyne, Claire Johnson & Jacqueline Otake, Jordan Gonzales, Jacquelyn Thorsen, John Badagliacca, Elena Rotzokou, Ethan Meyer and Glen MacDonald.
My talk to the PhD students NRP at the Doctoral Training Programme Summer Conference 2015, The Assembly House, Norwich, Thursday 18th June.
Notes and acknowledgments at http://kamounlab.tumblr.com/post/121748816600/what-are-world-class-science-outputs
ZEN 362 assignment: Effects of disasters. In this presentation we looked at a study conducted by Yamashiro et al. (2013) about the effects of radioactive caesium on bull testes after the Fukushima nuclear plant accident.
The life sciences comprise the fields of science that involve the scientific study of living organisms – such as microorganisms, plants, animals, and human beings – as well as related considerations like bioethics. While biology remains the centerpiece of the life sciences, technological advances in molecular biology and biotechnology have led to a burgeoning of specializations and interdisciplinary fields.
My talk at BASF Science Symposium: sustainable food chain - from field to table, Jun 23-24, 2015, Chicago.
Notes and acknowledgements at http://kamounlab.tumblr.com/post/122151022390/plant-pathology-in-the-post-genomics-era
Near and mid-infrared spectroscopic determination of algal compositionzhenhua82
The objective of this study was to evaluate whether near-infrared reflectance spectroscopy (NIRS) or mid-infrared reflectance spectroscopy (MIRS) could be used to determine the composition of algal turf scrubber samples. We assayed a set of algal turf scrubber (ATS) samples (n = 117) by NIRS, MIRS, and conventional means for ash, total sugar, mono-sugar, total N, and P content. A subset of these samples (n = 64) were assayed by conventional means, MIRS, and NIRS for total lipid and total fatty acid content. We developed calibrations using all the samples and a one-out cross-validation procedure under partial least-squares regression. This process was repeated using 75% of randomly selected samples to develop the calibration and the remaining samples as an independent test set. Results using the entire sample set demonstrated that NIRS and MIRS can accurately determine ash (r (2) = 0.994 and 0.995, respectively) and total N (r (2) = 0.787 and 0.820, respectively) content, but not phosphorus, total sugar, or mono-sugar content in ATS samples. Results using the 64 sample subset indicated that neither NIRS nor MIRS can accurately determine lipid or total fatty acid content in ATS samples.
Quantum entanglement is a phenomenon in theoretical physics that happens when pairs or groups of particles are generated in such a way that the quantum state of each particle cannot be described independently of the others, even when the particles are separated by a large distance. Instead, a quantum state must be described for the system as a whole. Based on the theory of cancer as an evolutionary metabolic disease (Evolutionary Metabolic Hypothesis of Cancer or EMHC), the cancerous cells are eukaryotic cells with different metabolic rate from healthy cells due to the damaged or shut down mitochondria in them. Assuming each human eukaryotic cell as a particle and the whole body as a Quantum Entangled System (QES), is a new perspective on the description of cancer disease, and this link between theoretical physics and biological sciences in the field of cancer therapies can be a new insight into the cause, prevention and treatment of cancer. Additionally, this perspective admits the Lamarckian evolution in the understanding of the mentioned disease. We have presented each human eukaryotic cell containing mitochondria as a QES, and the whole body containing healthy and normal cells as a QES as well. The difference between the entropy of the healthy cells and cancer cells has also been mentioned in this research.
Keywords: Quantum Entanglement, Cancer, Mitochondria, Evolution, Quantum Entangled System (QES), EMHC
ABSTRACT- P53 is a tumor suppressor gene with a well established role in causation of different human cancers. The
p53-MDM2 interactions have become the cornerstone of intensive cancer based research due to their effective anti-cancer
properties. These potential compounds are found in many traditional natural plant products. In the present context, there is
a tremendous level of enthusiasm to evaluate the pharmacological potential of various natural plants used in traditional
systems of medicine. The experimental efforts to carry out such biological screening of plants are still considerably high,
and therefore, computer-aided drug design approaches have become attractive alternatives. Virtual screening has
established itself as a dynamic and cost-effective technology to isolate compounds with pharmacological potential. The
main aim of the present study is to identify a novel or similar or better drug like compound in comparison with that of the
FDA approved drug Nutlin (potent MDM2-p53 inhibitor) from the Hamelia patens plant, through the Structure Based
Virtual Screening, Docking and Molecular Dynamic Simulation studies, for future anti-cancer therapy for future
implications as a therapeutic model.
Key-words- MDM2-p53 interaction, Natural Plant products, Virtual screening, Docking, Molecular dynamic simulation
My talk to the PhD students NRP at the Doctoral Training Programme Summer Conference 2015, The Assembly House, Norwich, Thursday 18th June.
Notes and acknowledgments at http://kamounlab.tumblr.com/post/121748816600/what-are-world-class-science-outputs
ZEN 362 assignment: Effects of disasters. In this presentation we looked at a study conducted by Yamashiro et al. (2013) about the effects of radioactive caesium on bull testes after the Fukushima nuclear plant accident.
The life sciences comprise the fields of science that involve the scientific study of living organisms – such as microorganisms, plants, animals, and human beings – as well as related considerations like bioethics. While biology remains the centerpiece of the life sciences, technological advances in molecular biology and biotechnology have led to a burgeoning of specializations and interdisciplinary fields.
My talk at BASF Science Symposium: sustainable food chain - from field to table, Jun 23-24, 2015, Chicago.
Notes and acknowledgements at http://kamounlab.tumblr.com/post/122151022390/plant-pathology-in-the-post-genomics-era
Near and mid-infrared spectroscopic determination of algal compositionzhenhua82
The objective of this study was to evaluate whether near-infrared reflectance spectroscopy (NIRS) or mid-infrared reflectance spectroscopy (MIRS) could be used to determine the composition of algal turf scrubber samples. We assayed a set of algal turf scrubber (ATS) samples (n = 117) by NIRS, MIRS, and conventional means for ash, total sugar, mono-sugar, total N, and P content. A subset of these samples (n = 64) were assayed by conventional means, MIRS, and NIRS for total lipid and total fatty acid content. We developed calibrations using all the samples and a one-out cross-validation procedure under partial least-squares regression. This process was repeated using 75% of randomly selected samples to develop the calibration and the remaining samples as an independent test set. Results using the entire sample set demonstrated that NIRS and MIRS can accurately determine ash (r (2) = 0.994 and 0.995, respectively) and total N (r (2) = 0.787 and 0.820, respectively) content, but not phosphorus, total sugar, or mono-sugar content in ATS samples. Results using the 64 sample subset indicated that neither NIRS nor MIRS can accurately determine lipid or total fatty acid content in ATS samples.
Quantum entanglement is a phenomenon in theoretical physics that happens when pairs or groups of particles are generated in such a way that the quantum state of each particle cannot be described independently of the others, even when the particles are separated by a large distance. Instead, a quantum state must be described for the system as a whole. Based on the theory of cancer as an evolutionary metabolic disease (Evolutionary Metabolic Hypothesis of Cancer or EMHC), the cancerous cells are eukaryotic cells with different metabolic rate from healthy cells due to the damaged or shut down mitochondria in them. Assuming each human eukaryotic cell as a particle and the whole body as a Quantum Entangled System (QES), is a new perspective on the description of cancer disease, and this link between theoretical physics and biological sciences in the field of cancer therapies can be a new insight into the cause, prevention and treatment of cancer. Additionally, this perspective admits the Lamarckian evolution in the understanding of the mentioned disease. We have presented each human eukaryotic cell containing mitochondria as a QES, and the whole body containing healthy and normal cells as a QES as well. The difference between the entropy of the healthy cells and cancer cells has also been mentioned in this research.
Keywords: Quantum Entanglement, Cancer, Mitochondria, Evolution, Quantum Entangled System (QES), EMHC
ABSTRACT- P53 is a tumor suppressor gene with a well established role in causation of different human cancers. The
p53-MDM2 interactions have become the cornerstone of intensive cancer based research due to their effective anti-cancer
properties. These potential compounds are found in many traditional natural plant products. In the present context, there is
a tremendous level of enthusiasm to evaluate the pharmacological potential of various natural plants used in traditional
systems of medicine. The experimental efforts to carry out such biological screening of plants are still considerably high,
and therefore, computer-aided drug design approaches have become attractive alternatives. Virtual screening has
established itself as a dynamic and cost-effective technology to isolate compounds with pharmacological potential. The
main aim of the present study is to identify a novel or similar or better drug like compound in comparison with that of the
FDA approved drug Nutlin (potent MDM2-p53 inhibitor) from the Hamelia patens plant, through the Structure Based
Virtual Screening, Docking and Molecular Dynamic Simulation studies, for future anti-cancer therapy for future
implications as a therapeutic model.
Key-words- MDM2-p53 interaction, Natural Plant products, Virtual screening, Docking, Molecular dynamic simulation
ABSTRACT- Mechanical workshops release huge levels of used engine oil into the surroundings. Many mechanical
workshops do not have proper disposal mechanisms and eventually used engine oil reaches the surrounding soil. The
hydrocarbons present in used engine oil damage the environment and human health. There are microbes in nature which
have the ability to degrade the used engine oil. Such microbes can be isolated and used for the biodegradation of
hazardous and recalcitrant hydrocarbons occurring in used engine oil. The present study deals with the four used engine
oil degrading bacterial species isolated from oil contaminated sites of mechanical workshops. The bacterial species were
Bacillus, Acinetobacter, Pseudomonas and Micrococcus. The optimum pH and temperature on the oil degradation activity
of bacterial species were determined. In addition, effect of various amino acids on the oil degradation ability of these
bacterial species was studied and best amino acid for oil degrading activity was determined. All the four bacterial species
exhibited highest oil degrading activity at pH 7.0. The optimal temperature required for maximum oil degradation activity
by Bacillus and Acinetobacter species was 330C and 350C respectively. At 310C Pseudomonas and Micrococcus species
had shown maximum oil degradation activity. All the bacterial species had shown enhanced oil degradation activity in
methionine supplemented medium. Bacillus species was found to be efficient among all the four species.
Key-words- Mechanical workshops, Used engine oil, Oil degrading bacteria, Optimum, pH, Temperature, Amino acids
L’autosuffisance de l’Afrique en riz : opportunités et défis à l’échelledu continent africain by Dr Harold Roy-Macauley, Directeur général, AfricaRice. -- Table ronde, Montpellier, France, 28 septembre 2016 Organisée en marge de la 14ème symposium international sur la génomique fonctionnelle du riz
Naskah Soal Ulangan Kenaikan Kelas (UKK) Mata Pelajaran Sosiologi Kelas 11 Kurikulum 2013 (K-13). Jumlah Soal 30 Pilihan Ganda (PG) dan 10 Essay dilengkapi dengan Kunci Jawaban.
ABSTRACT- An experimental study was performed with viviparous animal Heterometrous fulvipes to access the cumulative effect of chronic heavy metals exposure on the activity levels of the enzymes aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT). Chronic heavy metal exposure resulted in variation in the enzymes levels with increase in AST and decreases in ALT, contributed to the stress induced by the heavy metals. These changes in enzymatic activity of the maternal and embryonic tissue of H. fulvipes under the influence of heavy metal, mercury and lead is suggestive of the specific impact of mercury and lead on the enzymatic pathway, prompting a further study to consolidate the finding in human study. It is pertinent that the heavy metal toxicity be well documented and appropriate precaution taken in mother and fetus to decrease its detrimental effects. Key-words- Heavy Metals, Animal models, Hepatic Enzymes, Viviparous
International Journal of Pharmaceutical Science Invention (IJPSI)inventionjournals
International Journal of Pharmaceutical Science Invention (IJPSI) is an international journal intended for professionals and researchers in all fields of Pahrmaceutical Science. IJPSI publishes research articles and reviews within the whole field Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Science, new teaching methods, assessment, validation and the impact of new technologies and it will continue to provide information on the latest trends and developments in this ever-expanding subject. The publications of papers are selected through double peer reviewed to ensure originality, relevance, and readability. The articles published in our journal can be accessed online.
Dietary Supplementation with Calcium in Healthy Rats Administered with Artemi...IOSR Journals
Reports on the role of calcium on predisposition to cardiovascular disease have been rather inconsistent while studies on its interaction with other medications are ongoing. We therefore investigated the effect of separate and combine administration of calcium supplement with artemisinin-based combination drug on hepatic and serum lipid profile. Thirty two male wistar rats were randomly assigned into four groups of eight rats each. The control (group A) received normal saline. Group B and D were placed on 10mg/Kg calcium twice daily for four weeks. On the thirtieth day, therapeutic dose of artemisinin-based combination was simultaneously administered to group C and group D twice daily for three days. All the rats were then sacrificed after 12 hours fasting, blood was withdrawn and the liver removed and homogenized in an appropriate buffer. Biochemical analysis showed no significant (p>0.05) variation in hepatic triaacylglycerol in all the treated groups whereas calcium supplementation was observed to induce a significant (p<0.05) reduction in hepatic cholesterol. Significant elevations due to calcium supplementation were also observed in serum total cholesterol, LDL cholesterol level and atherogenic risk index with a concomitant reduction in serum HDL cholesterol. No significant change was observed in serum total cholesterol, triacylglycerol and serum lipoproteins in all other treatment groups. Our study suggests that calcium supplementation may predispose to cardiovascular disease and that its co administration with ACT may not aggravate nor reduced the predisposition risk.
Developmental Anomalies and Oxidative Stress Responses in Zebrafish (Danio Re...Premier Publishers
The discharge of human pharmaceuticals via wastewater treatment plants represents a major threat to non-target aquatic organisms since they are continually exposed throughout their lifespan. The individual effects of the anaesthetic, lidocaine; the cytostatics, ifosfamide and cyclophosphamide; and the antimicrobials, sulfamethoxazole, amoxicillin and erythromycin on 24 hpf (hours post fertilization) zebrafish (Danio rerio) following a 96-h exposure was investigated by evaluating embryonic development, catalase (CAT) enzyme activity, and the gene expressions of CAT, cytosolic superoxide dismutase (SOD1), and mitochondrial superoxide dismutase (SOD2). Lidocaine, cyclophosphamide and sulfamethoxazole induced neurotoxicity (scoliosis, tail malformation) and cardiotoxicity (pericardial edema, bradycardia) in the zebrafish which correlate with their adverse effects in mammals. These observations were linked to oxidative stress as indicated by the significant alteration of CAT activity and amounts of transcripts of SOD1, SOD2, and CAT. The CAT activity and gene expressions of the antioxidants were significantly upregulated at sublethal and levels of ifosfamide, lidocaine, cyclophosphamide, and erythromycin non-toxic to embryonic development in this study which suggest that these antioxidants may play a role in the prevention of teratogenicity in the larvae. The multi-level effect approach adopted in this study provides a better understanding of the mechanisms of toxicity employed by lidocaine, cyclophosphamide and sulfamethoxazole towards zebrafish. This study shows the importance of evaluating stress biomarkers and emphasizes the need for chronic studies in assessing pharmaceutical effects on aquatic organisms.
Toxicology testing, also known as safety assessment, or toxicity testing, is conducted to determine the degree to which a substance can damage a living or non-living organism. It is often conducted by researchers using standard test procedures to comply with governing regulations, for example for medicines and pesticides. Much toxicology is considered to be part of the field of preclinical development. Stages of in vitro and in vivo research are conducted to determine safe doses of exposure in humans before a first-in-man study. Toxicology testing may be conducted by the pharmaceutical industry, biotechnology companies or contract research organizations.
Drug development is a high-risk enterprise. The typical new drug takes 10-12 years to get to market and costs up to $500 million. Pharmaceutical companies face continually increasing challenges in drug development— shorter product life cycles, global competition, as well as daunting technical and regulatory hurdles. Meanwhile, as a result of the Human Genome Project and high throughput drug development methods, there are many more drug candidates to test. Thus, there is growing pressure on pharmaceutical and biopharmaceutical companies.
Similar to Study of Heavy Metals in Abnormal Growth and Development using an Alternate Animal Model: Heterometrus fulvipes (20)
Background: Cancer is a disease caused when cells divide uncontrollably and spread into the surrounding tissue. Changes to DNA cause cancer. It is one of the most common and largest killer diseases in the world. It usually affects physically, and the disease can alter one’s perspective on life and personality. Many treatment options are there to treat cancer. Among them, chemotherapy treatment may have more side effects like lethargy, esophagitis, nausea, vomiting, Fatigue, and insomnia, the most common problems among chemotherapy patients in India. Methods: A quasi-experimental study with a sample size of 60, out of which 30 subjects were in the experimental group and 30 were in the control group. A convenient sampling method was used to select the subjects. A structured questionnaire tool was used to collect the data. Result: The result of the study showed that, during pre-test in the study group, among 30 subjects 3(10%) had moderate Fatigue, 22(73.33%) had severe Fatigue, 5(16.67%) had worst Fatigue and 12(40%) had moderate insomnia, 18(60%) had severe insomnia and in control group among 30 subjects, 6(20%) had moderate Fatigue, 13(43.33%) had severe Fatigue, 11(36.67%) had a worst fatigue, and 14(46.67%) had moderate insomnia, 16(53.33%) had severe insomnia. With post-test, in experimental group, 14(46.67%) had no fatigue, 16(53.33%) had mild fatigue, 14(46.67%) had no insomnia, 16(53.33%) had mild insomnia, and in control group, 6(20%) had moderate fatigue, 13(43.33%) had extreme fatigue, 11(36.67%) had worst fatigue, and 14(46.67%) had moderate insomnia, 16(53.33%) had severe insomnia. Conclusion: The study concluded that clients who were receiving chemotherapy had fatigue and insomnia problems. The Warm water foot bath therapy is very effective in clients undergoing chemotherapy in reducing Fatigue and insomnia. A positive correlation between pre-test and post-test was found by using the Mann-Whitney test.
Key-words: Cancer, Chemotherapy, Foot bath, Health, Warm water
Background: Alcohol has long been a global social and medical issue. According to W.H.O report. Total 3.3 million people die from
alcohol abuse annually. Alcoholic liver disease (A.L.D.) ranges from steatosis to liver cirrhosis. Chronic heavy drinkers get hepatitis
or cirrhosis 15 20% of the time
Methods: This study was c onducted in the general medicine inpatient department at PGIMER & C . in Bhubaneswar, Odisha,
Indi a. All hospitali z ed patients with liver illness who had previously t aken alcohol were screened. Each patient's alcohol
consumption, including native alcoholic beverages, was recorded. To support the diagnosis, all standard and extra examination s
were carri ed out. The modified Kuppuswamy scale was used to determine s s ocioeconomic class.
Results: The study comprised 186 participants with a median age of 46. The gender ratio was 3:1, with 139 (74.7%) men. Urban
populations have a greater prevalence of alcohol ic liver disease (60.75%) than rural populations (39.24%). The l ower
s ocioeconomic c lass (50.53%) has the highest rate of alcoholic liver disease. Men drink more (>700 gm/wk) and married people
drink more. A woman who drinks 140 280 grams per week for 10 1 5 years is more likely to develop alcoholic liver disease than a
man who drinks >700 grams per week for 15 years.
Conclusions: In this study, we conclude d that the prevalence of A .L. about S .E. is of utmost importance in developing
population based st r ategies that effectively educate individuals on the need to modify their drinking habits. This is crucial to
mitigate the occurrence of alcohol consumption and its associated repercussions.
Key-words: Socioeconomic status, Hospitalized Patients, Alcoholic Liver Disease
Background: One of the most common disorders in this age group, abnormal uterine bleeding (AUB), is the primary cause of most gynaecological problems in adolescents. Unfortunately, epidemiological data on AUB in teenagers is scarce, especially in the Indian subcontinent. The PALM-COEIN classification, where PALM stands for structural reasons and COEIN for functional causes, was employed in this single-center prospective observational study to evaluate the relative contributions of several etiological factors in AUB. To comprehend the etiological, dermographic, and therapeutic factors affecting menorrhagia in patients going through adolescence. Methods: Enrollment for females with AUB between 10 and 19 occurred between January and December 2022. A thorough history, physical examination, and laboratory evaluation, which in every case comprised standard testing, hormone analysis, and abdominal and pelvic ultrasonography were used to determine the cause of AUB. MRIs and CT scans were performed when needed. Results: There were 190 patients enrolled in total. Functional factors comprised the predominant aetiology of AUB among adolescent females: Adenomyosis=01 (0.52%), Polyp=1 (0.52%). Coagulopathy=2 (1.05%), Leomyoma=01 (0.52%), Malignancy=1 (0.52%), and PALM=4 (2.11%). COEIN=186 (97.89%), ovulation disorder=175 (92.15%), endometrial=01 (0.52%), iatrogenic=6 (3.15%), non-specified=2 (1.05%), and iatrogenic=6 (3.15%). Conclusion: The most frequent cause of AUB in the adolescent population is ovulatory abnormalities. Even though they are extremely rare, structural factors must be ruled out. A helpful technique for evaluating patients with AUB systematically is the PALM-COEIN classification.
Key-words: PALM-COEIN, Leiomyoma, AUB, Polycystic ovarian syndrome, Hormonal therapy
Derived from the bacterium Proteus vulgaris , chondroitin ABC lyase is an enzyme that can be used in treating proteoglycans that
affect neural activity (communication, plasticity). Chondroitinase can be used for vision abnormalities and spinal injuries. The
biological activity of chondroitinase is due to its ability to act on chondroitin sulfate proteoglycans (CSPGs) which are required for
normal functioning. Th is study aim s to examine various types and routes of administration of Chondr oitina se e n zymes. There is an
increasing application of chondro itin sulfate proteoglycans in spinal cord injury, vit reous attachment, and the management of
various carcinogenic conditions. Research must be done to create an effective chondroitinase delivery mech anism so that the
pharmacological activity seen in vitro and in preclinical research may be applied in the clinic. More studies are required to widen
the application of chondroitinase in therapeutics. In this review, chondroitinase ABC, B, and C are all di scuss ed. T he routes of
administration like caudal or ros tral, intracerebroventricular, hydrogels, and intrath ecal have been detailed. The current review
article highlights the different medical uses for chondroitinase, drug delivery methods for the enzym e, and chondroitinase
dispersion across bacteria. In conclusion, this study can reduce the chance of edema by the intracerebroventric ular route.
However, it is not effective for people due to the gyrencephalic anatomy of brain
Key-words: Chondroitinase, Chondroitin, Chondroitin Sulfate Proteoglycans, Spinal Injuries, Ocular Abnormalities, Proteoglycans
Background: Maturing is a widespread peculiarity. Advanced age is not in itself a sickness however is an ordinary piece of human existence length. A guardian, like wise called a career, home wellbeing assistant or individual consideration assistant, is the individual answerable for furnishing their clients with day-to-day private consideration and help with exercises. Methods: Exploration approach: unmistakable methodology research plan: graphic study research plan. The setting of the review: provincial areas of Bagalkot region. Information assortment strategy: organized polls test. The example was chosen by an arbitrary inspecting procedure. The analyst arbitrarily chose Shirur town as a provincial setting and was chosen for enrolment of subjects. Results: The information score of guardians was 41.06%, with mean and SD of 12.32±3.925. These discoveries uncover those guardians had normal information for advanced-age medical conditions. The mentality score of guardians was 73.73%, with a mean and SD of 110.6±11.008. These discoveries uncovers that parental figures have concur capable demeanour in regards to the advanced age medical conditions. Conclusion: At last, a critical co-connection between the information and demeanour at 0.001 the discoveries uncovers that there is a moderate positive relationship between the information and disposition of the advanced age medical issues.
Key-words: Assess, Care Giver, Health Problems, Knowledge, Old Age
Background: Adolescent is one of the most rapid phases of human development. Anemia is a deficiency in the number of RBC in your body. RBC carry oxygen around your body using a particular protein called hemoglobin. Normal hemoglobin level in adolescent girls 13-15 g/dl. According to WHO, the hemoglobin level 10- 11.9 g/dl is considered mild anemia, 7-9 g/dl is considered moderate, and less than 7 g/dl is called severe anemia. Methods: The present study is pre-experimental among 60 adolescent girls, using a disproportional stratified random technique. One experimental group of clients was selected without randomization and no control group was used. The data was collected by using the structured close-ended knowledge questionnaire. The data was analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics regarding mean, frequency distribution, percentage, paired table t-test and chi-square test. Results: The overall findings reveal that the post-test knowledge mean score 26.24% with SD±5.94, which was 72% of the total score was more when compared to the pre-test knowledge mean score 12.98 with SD 5.94, which was 36.83% of total score. The calculated t-value of 24.91 was much higher than the table t-value 1.96 for the hypothesis. Conclusion: The study provides that VATP on knowledge regarding the preparation and use of moringa juice in managing anemia among adolescent girls was the scientific, logical and cost-effective strategy.
Key-words: Adolescent girls, Knowledge, VATP, Effectiveness, Socio-demographic variables.
Background: The research demonstrates that water birth comports and loosens mothers actually and intellectually. The buoyance lessens body weight and permits free development and situating to the mother. Buoyance and warm water upgrade uterine withdrawal and better blood flow, which builds uterine muscles' oxygenation, diminishes the mother's torment and increases maternal oxygenation of the child. Submersion of water assists with decreasing circulatory strain and additionally gives security, which hinders uneasiness or dread. Methods: The current review pre-trial study with 50, 4th-year B.Sc. Nursing is chosen through basic arbitrary methods. One gathering pre-test without control bunch configuration was utilized. Information was gathered through a self-directed, organized, shut, finished information survey. Data was examined by involving distinct and inferential measurements concerning mean rate by conveyance, matched "t" test, and Chi-square test for affiliation. Results: The pre-test reveals that out of 50 BSc 4th-year nursing students, the highest pre-test (62%) of BSc 4th-year nursing students had poor knowledge. Overall, the post-test knowledge score (22.6±4.19), 70.62% of the total score, was more than the pre-test knowledge score (8.76±3.95), 23.3%. The effectiveness of the assisted teaching programme, in this area, the mean knowledge score was 13.84 with SD±0.24, which was 43.25% of the total score. Hence, it indicates that the video-assisted teaching program effectively enhanced the knowledge of BSc 4th-year nursing students. Conclusion: This study concluded that video-assisted teaching programmes on knowledge regarding waterbirth among B.Sc 4th year Nursing students was the scientific, logical and cost-effective strategy.
Key-words: Effectiveness, Fourth year B.Sc. Nursing students, Knowledge, VATP, Water birth
Background: Post-menopausal women experience many physical, emotional, and mental symptoms during the post-menopausal period, and reflexology has grown into a complex therapeutic modality and has a range of effects. Reflexology will help put hormones back into a normal state and act like a process of emotional cleansing, relieving stress and restoring harmony to the body and soul. Hence, foot reflexology seems to be effective in treating post-menopausal symptoms. Methods: In the present study, pre-experimental i.e. one group pretest-posttest design, was adopted. The study was conducted on 30 post-menopausal women to assess their knowledge regarding foot reflexology. Samples were selected by using a convenient sampling technique. Data was collected using a structured knowledge questionnaire and analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics. Results: The mean percentage of the pre-test score was 28%, and the post-test score was 76.65%. The mean and the standard deviation of the pre-test score were 5.60±1.71, and the mean and the standard deviation of the post-test score were 15.33±1.15. The total mean and standard deviation are 9.73±2.07 by comparing the pre-test and post-test scores. Hence, it was found that there is a significant difference between pre-test and post-test knowledge scores of post-menopausal women regarding foot reflexology. No significant association was found between post-test knowledge scores and socio-demographic variables on foot reflexology. Conclusion: The study concluded that a planned teaching program on knowledge regarding foot reflexology for post-menopausal women was a scientific, logical, and cost-effective strategy to reduce post-menopausal symptoms.
Key-words: Effectiveness, Foot reflexology, Post-menopausal women, Planned teaching program, Socio-demographic variables
Background: A 51-year-old woman had left lower abdomen pain for 18 hours with nausea and vomiting. Prior CT scans suggested pelvic neoplasms. Our hospital's emergency CT showed an enlarged uterus with cystic shadows, right adnexal cysts, and stomach fluid. Physical examination revealed left lower abdomen discomfort. A gynaecological examination revealed a painful, firm pelvic mass of 151210 cm. Further diagnosis is underway. Method: The patient underwent emergency exploratory laparotomy, discovering a twisted, swollen left ovary with a 540° rotation, classified as a benign cyst. It was found that the patient had congenital upper vaginal atresia and bilateral initial uteri. Pain was reduced after surgery, thanks to symptomatic treatment. An abnormal karyotype of 46, XX,1qh+ was found during genetic testing. Result: Fallopian tubes, uterus, and vagina develop from the embryonic accessory mesonephric duct. MRKH syndrome is caused by bilateral accessory mesonephric duct dysplasia and disappearance of the uterus or vagina. MRKH has three types, with Type 1 lacking uterus or vagina. Due to ovarian cyst torsion, this Type 1 MRKH with double initial uterus and upper vaginal atresia needed left adnexa resection. Genetic testing showed a typical female karyotype. MRKH's complex aetiology incorporates chromosomal abnormalities, emphasizing early cytogenetic evaluation for personalized treatment and fertility assistance. Conclusion: Early cytogenetic testing for MRKH syndrome patients is crucial for determining the underlying cause and guiding personalized treatment plans to restore reproductive function and improve quality of life.
Key-words: Double primordial uterus; MRKH syndrome; Upper vaginal atresia; Torsion of left ovarian cyst pedicle
Background: Cell phones have advanced to the degree of becoming a necessary piece of individuals' lives. Cell phones are utilised for correspondence, diversion, efficiency, interpersonal interaction, and gaming. In addition to supplanting the conventional cells, cell phones have likewise supplanted personal computers and numerous other comparative gadgets. Individuals these days feel indistinguishable from their cell phones. In lined with the rising improvement of innovation and excessive utilisation of cell phones, one of the significant issues that scientists have noticed and are chipping away at is cell phone addiction. Methods: It was a graphic study directed among 100 nursing students aged 19-22 in B.V.V.S. Institute of Nursing Sciences Bagalkot. Information was gathered utilising a structured knowledge questionnaire to survey socio-demographic information. The Stanford Sleepiness Scale (Alertness Test) was utilised to evaluate the classroom alertness of the nursing students and the Cell phone Addiction Scale-Short Version (SAS-SV) was utilised to assess the cell addiction of the nursing students. Results: An association was found between the year of studying and the classroom alertness of students (χ2 =3.9102) p<0.05. There was a significant negative correlation between cell phone addiction and classroom alertness of the nursing students, p<0.05. The r-value obtained was 0.80. Thus, the correlation between the two factors is seen as statistically significant. Conclusion In the wake of acquiring the consequences of the current work the scientist s saw a negati ve relationship between cell
pho ne addiction and the class room alertness of the students.
Key-words: Addiction, Alertness, Cell phone, Classroom, Phone addiction
Background: Chemical changes occur in the epididymis when the testicular sperm grows. When sperm and seminal fluids mix during ejaculation, a substance called semen is formed. The cervical mucus of a fertilized egg screens out the best possible sperm. For infertility, Intra Cytoplasmic Sperm Injection (ICSI) can be necessary. Test sperm that are DNA efficient, normal, and motile using Swim Up. Sperm could be damaged by reactive oxygen species that are produced during centrifugation. All infertility treatments should take these factors into account. Methods: The in vitro fertilization (ICSI) procedure was administered to fifty male patients who were 35 years old or younger and tested positive for normozoospermia, asthenozoospermia, and oligozoospermia. After obtaining informed consent, a Swim-Up was performed using both the full semen and a washed pellet. With sperm obtained from both methods, six Metaphase-2 stages of oocytes (MII oocytes) were implanted in each patient. A Tri-gas Bench-top incubator was used to put each injected oocyte in its 37°C setting. Results: The study showed that the age differences were insignificant (p=0.722), but significant variations emerged in sperm concentration before processing (p=1.030) and after (p=1.064). Sperm morphology differences were evident before processing (p=0.004) and after (p=0.002). No significant differences were noted in the number of Day 3 cleavage stage embryos. Conclusion: The study concluded that there is no significant difference between the two techniques regarding sperm washing efficiency.
Key-words: Sperm preparation methods, Swim-up, Centrifugation, ICSI, Fertilization, Day 3 Embryo
Background: The third most common musculoskeletal symptom in orthopaedic clinical practice is a sore shoulder, which can cause significant morbidity. It has been reported that 7–27% of the general population has it, and 36–66% of overhead arm athletes have it. Pathophysiology includes functional, degenerative, and mechanical factors. Most shoulder pain is subacromial pain syndrome (SAPS), often known as ‘shoulder impingement syndrome’. Impingement hypothesis: shoulder joint structures mechanically clash. SAPS accounts for 36–48% of shoulder discomfort. Methods: This observational study was conducted in the Department of Orthopaedics, MKCG Medical College and Hospital, Berhampur, among Eastern Indian outpatients. The study included adult patients (ages 18–75) of both sexes who presented to MKCG Medical College and Hospital's OPD with shoulder pain from December 2020 to November 2022 and were diagnosed with Shoulder Impingement Syndrome (SIS). Thorough histories and clinical exams were done. The Department of Radiology, MKCG Medical College and Hospital, Berhampur, performed conventional shoulder MRIs on the selected participants. Results: Most cases and controls were Type-II (43.3%), followed by Type-I (28.3% and 30%, 29.2% of the total group). The study's least common acromial shape was type-IV, seen in 5% of cases and 10% of controls (7.5% of the sample). Fisher's exact test showed no significant connection between subacromial impingement and acromial shape (p=0.65). With a p-value of 0.045, cases had a significantly greater acromial width (8.12±2.16 mm) than controls (7.51±0.81 mm). Conclusion: Sub-acromial impingement was unrelated to acromion morphology. There was no correlation between acromial morphology and rotator cuff injuries.
Key-words: Shoulder Impingement Syndrome, Acromion Morphology, MRI
Impact of Acceptance and Mindfulness-Based Intervention as an Add-on Treatment for Skin Diseases-Acne, Eczema and Psoriasis
http://dx.doi.org/10.21276/SSR-IIJLS.2020.6.5.2
Seasonal Incidence and Varietal Response of Gram against Helicoverpa armigera (Hubner) at Talwandi Sabo, Punjab
http://dx.doi.org/10.21276/SSR-IIJLS.2020.6.4.3
More from SSR Institute of International Journal of Life Sciences (20)
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Title: Sense of Taste
Presenter: Dr. Faiza, Assistant Professor of Physiology
Qualifications:
MBBS (Best Graduate, AIMC Lahore)
FCPS Physiology
ICMT, CHPE, DHPE (STMU)
MPH (GC University, Faisalabad)
MBA (Virtual University of Pakistan)
Learning Objectives:
Describe the structure and function of taste buds.
Describe the relationship between the taste threshold and taste index of common substances.
Explain the chemical basis and signal transduction of taste perception for each type of primary taste sensation.
Recognize different abnormalities of taste perception and their causes.
Key Topics:
Significance of Taste Sensation:
Differentiation between pleasant and harmful food
Influence on behavior
Selection of food based on metabolic needs
Receptors of Taste:
Taste buds on the tongue
Influence of sense of smell, texture of food, and pain stimulation (e.g., by pepper)
Primary and Secondary Taste Sensations:
Primary taste sensations: Sweet, Sour, Salty, Bitter, Umami
Chemical basis and signal transduction mechanisms for each taste
Taste Threshold and Index:
Taste threshold values for Sweet (sucrose), Salty (NaCl), Sour (HCl), and Bitter (Quinine)
Taste index relationship: Inversely proportional to taste threshold
Taste Blindness:
Inability to taste certain substances, particularly thiourea compounds
Example: Phenylthiocarbamide
Structure and Function of Taste Buds:
Composition: Epithelial cells, Sustentacular/Supporting cells, Taste cells, Basal cells
Features: Taste pores, Taste hairs/microvilli, and Taste nerve fibers
Location of Taste Buds:
Found in papillae of the tongue (Fungiform, Circumvallate, Foliate)
Also present on the palate, tonsillar pillars, epiglottis, and proximal esophagus
Mechanism of Taste Stimulation:
Interaction of taste substances with receptors on microvilli
Signal transduction pathways for Umami, Sweet, Bitter, Sour, and Salty tastes
Taste Sensitivity and Adaptation:
Decrease in sensitivity with age
Rapid adaptation of taste sensation
Role of Saliva in Taste:
Dissolution of tastants to reach receptors
Washing away the stimulus
Taste Preferences and Aversions:
Mechanisms behind taste preference and aversion
Influence of receptors and neural pathways
Impact of Sensory Nerve Damage:
Degeneration of taste buds if the sensory nerve fiber is cut
Abnormalities of Taste Detection:
Conditions: Ageusia, Hypogeusia, Dysgeusia (parageusia)
Causes: Nerve damage, neurological disorders, infections, poor oral hygiene, adverse drug effects, deficiencies, aging, tobacco use, altered neurotransmitter levels
Neurotransmitters and Taste Threshold:
Effects of serotonin (5-HT) and norepinephrine (NE) on taste sensitivity
Supertasters:
25% of the population with heightened sensitivity to taste, especially bitterness
Increased number of fungiform papillae
MANAGEMENT OF ATRIOVENTRICULAR CONDUCTION BLOCK.pdfJim Jacob Roy
Cardiac conduction defects can occur due to various causes.
Atrioventricular conduction blocks ( AV blocks ) are classified into 3 types.
This document describes the acute management of AV block.
micro teaching on communication m.sc nursing.pdfAnurag Sharma
Microteaching is a unique model of practice teaching. It is a viable instrument for the. desired change in the teaching behavior or the behavior potential which, in specified types of real. classroom situations, tends to facilitate the achievement of specified types of objectives.
Explore natural remedies for syphilis treatment in Singapore. Discover alternative therapies, herbal remedies, and lifestyle changes that may complement conventional treatments. Learn about holistic approaches to managing syphilis symptoms and supporting overall health.
Report Back from SGO 2024: What’s the Latest in Cervical Cancer?bkling
Are you curious about what’s new in cervical cancer research or unsure what the findings mean? Join Dr. Emily Ko, a gynecologic oncologist at Penn Medicine, to learn about the latest updates from the Society of Gynecologic Oncology (SGO) 2024 Annual Meeting on Women’s Cancer. Dr. Ko will discuss what the research presented at the conference means for you and answer your questions about the new developments.
TEST BANK for Operations Management, 14th Edition by William J. Stevenson, Ve...kevinkariuki227
TEST BANK for Operations Management, 14th Edition by William J. Stevenson, Verified Chapters 1 - 19, Complete Newest Version.pdf
TEST BANK for Operations Management, 14th Edition by William J. Stevenson, Verified Chapters 1 - 19, Complete Newest Version.pdf
Anti ulcer drugs and their Advance pharmacology ||
Anti-ulcer drugs are medications used to prevent and treat ulcers in the stomach and upper part of the small intestine (duodenal ulcers). These ulcers are often caused by an imbalance between stomach acid and the mucosal lining, which protects the stomach lining.
||Scope: Overview of various classes of anti-ulcer drugs, their mechanisms of action, indications, side effects, and clinical considerations.
These lecture slides, by Dr Sidra Arshad, offer a quick overview of physiological basis of a normal electrocardiogram.
Learning objectives:
1. Define an electrocardiogram (ECG) and electrocardiography
2. Describe how dipoles generated by the heart produce the waveforms of the ECG
3. Describe the components of a normal electrocardiogram of a typical bipolar leads (limb II)
4. Differentiate between intervals and segments
5. Enlist some common indications for obtaining an ECG
Study Resources:
1. Chapter 11, Guyton and Hall Textbook of Medical Physiology, 14th edition
2. Chapter 9, Human Physiology - From Cells to Systems, Lauralee Sherwood, 9th edition
3. Chapter 29, Ganong’s Review of Medical Physiology, 26th edition
4. Electrocardiogram, StatPearls - https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK549803/
5. ECG in Medical Practice by ABM Abdullah, 4th edition
6. ECG Basics, http://www.nataliescasebook.com/tag/e-c-g-basics
Flu Vaccine Alert in Bangalore Karnatakaaddon Scans
As flu season approaches, health officials in Bangalore, Karnataka, are urging residents to get their flu vaccinations. The seasonal flu, while common, can lead to severe health complications, particularly for vulnerable populations such as young children, the elderly, and those with underlying health conditions.
Dr. Vidisha Kumari, a leading epidemiologist in Bangalore, emphasizes the importance of getting vaccinated. "The flu vaccine is our best defense against the influenza virus. It not only protects individuals but also helps prevent the spread of the virus in our communities," he says.
This year, the flu season is expected to coincide with a potential increase in other respiratory illnesses. The Karnataka Health Department has launched an awareness campaign highlighting the significance of flu vaccinations. They have set up multiple vaccination centers across Bangalore, making it convenient for residents to receive their shots.
To encourage widespread vaccination, the government is also collaborating with local schools, workplaces, and community centers to facilitate vaccination drives. Special attention is being given to ensuring that the vaccine is accessible to all, including marginalized communities who may have limited access to healthcare.
Residents are reminded that the flu vaccine is safe and effective. Common side effects are mild and may include soreness at the injection site, mild fever, or muscle aches. These side effects are generally short-lived and far less severe than the flu itself.
Healthcare providers are also stressing the importance of continuing COVID-19 precautions. Wearing masks, practicing good hand hygiene, and maintaining social distancing are still crucial, especially in crowded places.
Protect yourself and your loved ones by getting vaccinated. Together, we can help keep Bangalore healthy and safe this flu season. For more information on vaccination centers and schedules, residents can visit the Karnataka Health Department’s official website or follow their social media pages.
Stay informed, stay safe, and get your flu shot today!
Prix Galien International 2024 Forum ProgramLevi Shapiro
June 20, 2024, Prix Galien International and Jerusalem Ethics Forum in ROME. Detailed agenda including panels:
- ADVANCES IN CARDIOLOGY: A NEW PARADIGM IS COMING
- WOMEN’S HEALTH: FERTILITY PRESERVATION
- WHAT’S NEW IN THE TREATMENT OF INFECTIOUS,
ONCOLOGICAL AND INFLAMMATORY SKIN DISEASES?
- ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE AND ETHICS
- GENE THERAPY
- BEYOND BORDERS: GLOBAL INITIATIVES FOR DEMOCRATIZING LIFE SCIENCE TECHNOLOGIES AND PROMOTING ACCESS TO HEALTHCARE
- ETHICAL CHALLENGES IN LIFE SCIENCES
- Prix Galien International Awards Ceremony
Couples presenting to the infertility clinic- Do they really have infertility...Sujoy Dasgupta
Dr Sujoy Dasgupta presented the study on "Couples presenting to the infertility clinic- Do they really have infertility? – The unexplored stories of non-consummation" in the 13th Congress of the Asia Pacific Initiative on Reproduction (ASPIRE 2024) at Manila on 24 May, 2024.