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Study designs: Rapid review
- 1. Study Design: Rapid Review Omar A. Aboshady Clinical Pharmacology Dept. Faculty of Medicine, Menoufia University Editor – IJMS omr.ali@med.menofia.edu.eg 29 Jan 2019
- 2. Flash back
- 3. Steps of EBM Ask > PICO Access > Searching databases Appraise Apply
- 4. steps Ask > PICO Access > Searching databases Appraise Apply
- 6. EBM Pyramid
- 7. Rapid review .. Study Design
- 8. Types of research…. Various types of question needs various types of research. Medical research Primary Research Basic Research Clinical Research Epidemiolog ical Research Secondary Research Narrative Review Systematic Review Meta Analysis
- 9. This called “ study design “ Study designs (clinical research) Descriptive Analytical Case series Case report Interventional RCT Non-RCT Observational Cross sectional Case control Cohort
- 11. Descriptive study CASE REPORT CASE SERIES Study designs(clinical research) Descriptive Analytical Case series Case report Interventional RCT Non-RCT Observational Cross sectional Case control Cohort
- 12. Case report A Case Report is a detailed presentation of a single case or handful of cases with unique features.
- 13. Example: Rare side effect of drug
- 14. Case series
- 15. Case series a simple descriptive account of a characteristic observed in a group of subjects. It is also known by the terms clinical series or clinical audit.
- 16. Example
- 17. Descriptive Analytical Case series Case report Interventional RCT Non-RCT Observational Cross sectional Case control Cohort Study designs
- 18. Cross sectional study An “observational” design that measures the prevalence of exposures and disease status or disease determinants at a single point in time (a cross-section of the population).
- 19. Snap shoot Time Single point of time Cross sectional study
- 20. Example
- 21. Descriptive Analytical Case series Case report Interventional RCT Non-RCT Observational Cross sectional Case control Cohort Study designs
- 22. 2. Case control study An observational study in which we identify a sample on disease status (Case), and a sample without disease (Control) and ask retrospectively about exposure.
- 23. Matching cases with controls
- 24. Matching cases with controls
- 25. Descriptive Analytical Case series Case report Interventional RCT Non-RCT Observational Cross sectional Case control Cohort Study designs
- 26. Cohort study Observational study in which we select a population that is exposed to a certain factor of interest and the entire population is followed up to determine the incidence.
- 27. Cohort study
- 28. Prospective v.s. Retrospective Now Exposure ……………………… Outcome Exposure ……………………. Outcome ProspectiveRetrospective Time
- 29. Descriptive Analytical Case series Case report Interventional RCT Non-RCT Observational Cross sectional Case control Cohort Study designs
- 30. Clinical Trials “Clinical trials are research studies that explore whether a medical strategy, treatment, or device is safe and effective for humans.” Source: What are clinical trials? Available from http://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/studies/clinicaltrials
- 31. Trial Design time Study begins here Interventional group Control group Outcome No outcome Outcome No outcome Direction of investigation Study Population allocation by the investigator
- 32. Phases of clinical trials Phase I Phase II Phase III Phase IV How the drug is handled in human body? What benefits might be seen in a small group? Large patient population against standard/Placebo. Additional information about Safety & interactions.
- 33. Overview of designs time Study begins here Prospective Cohort Retrospective Cohort Clinical trial Case control Cross sectional
- 34. Different investigations require different designs Shaban Ahmed Moawed
- 35. Select the top evidence
- 36. Any questions
- 37. Thank you
Editor's Notes
- June 28, in New York City, Ardouin Antonio, a 49-year-old Jamaican-American shipping clerk dies of Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia, a disease closely associated with AIDS. Gordon Hennigar, who performed the postmortem examination of the man's body, found "the first reported instance of unassociated Pneumocystis carinii disease in an adult" to be so unusual that he preserved Ardouin's lungs for later study. The case was published in two medical journals at the time, and Hennigar has been quoted in numerous publications saying that he believes Ardouin probably had AIDS كانت البداية مجموعة افراد ماتوا من سبب واحد وهو نوع من الالتهاب الروى الى بيحصل بالارطباط مع الايدز نتيجة نقص المناعة .. الراجل الى شرحهم لقى فيهم فيروس
- In a matched case-control study, one or more controls are selected to match to a case on certain characteristics, such as age, race, and gender. When one control is matched to a case, the case and the matched control form a matched pair. Two types of matched pairs are identified by the similarity or difference of the exposure of the case and control in each pair.
- In a matched case-control study, one or more controls are selected to match to a case on certain characteristics, such as age, race, and gender. When one control is matched to a case, the case and the matched control form a matched pair. Two types of matched pairs are identified by the similarity or difference of the exposure of the case and control in each pair.
- In a matched case-control study, one or more controls are selected to match to a case on certain characteristics, such as age, race, and gender. When one control is matched to a case, the case and the matched control form a matched pair. Two types of matched pairs are identified by the similarity or difference of the exposure of the case and control in each pair.
- In a matched case-control study, one or more controls are selected to match to a case on certain characteristics, such as age, race, and gender. When one control is matched to a case, the case and the matched control form a matched pair. Two types of matched pairs are identified by the similarity or difference of the exposure of the case and control in each pair.
- In a matched case-control study, one or more controls are selected to match to a case on certain characteristics, such as age, race, and gender. When one control is matched to a case, the case and the matched control form a matched pair. Two types of matched pairs are identified by the similarity or difference of the exposure of the case and control in each pair.
- In a matched case-control study, one or more controls are selected to match to a case on certain characteristics, such as age, race, and gender. When one control is matched to a case, the case and the matched control form a matched pair. Two types of matched pairs are identified by the similarity or difference of the exposure of the case and control in each pair.
- In a matched case-control study, one or more controls are selected to match to a case on certain characteristics, such as age, race, and gender. When one control is matched to a case, the case and the matched control form a matched pair. Two types of matched pairs are identified by the similarity or difference of the exposure of the case and control in each pair.
- In a matched case-control study, one or more controls are selected to match to a case on certain characteristics, such as age, race, and gender. When one control is matched to a case, the case and the matched control form a matched pair. Two types of matched pairs are identified by the similarity or difference of the exposure of the case and control in each pair.