The document discusses the structure and components of a lexicon. It defines key terms like lexeme, lexical entry, and word. A lexicon contains a list of all the words in a language along with syntactic, semantic, and phonological information for each entry. A lexeme is the basic unit of meaning in a language and can consist of a single word or phrase. Lexemes can be variable, taking different forms like walks/walked, or invariable, having just one form like the. The document also discusses how lexemes relate to words and how verbal and nominal lexemes are structured in a lexicon.

1. Structure of
Lexicon
Dr.VMS

2. Lexicon
 The lexicon contains a list of all words
(or lexemes) of a language and gives
syntactic, semantic and phonological
information about each lexical entry.
 a book containing an alphabetical
arrangement of the words in a language and
their definitions :
 a French lexicon
 a Tamil lexicon

3. lexeme
 a unit of meaning in a language, consisting of
a word or group of words
 a minimal meaningful unit of language, the
meaning of which cannot be understood from
that of its component morphemes. Take off (in
the senses to mimic, to become airborne, etc)
is a lexeme, as well as the independent
morphemes take and off.

4. lexeme
 a typical dictionary, will have the entries of lexemes. Most
lexemes have variations which build upon its most basic
form. Thus, the lexeme walk could vary in form, such as
in walks, walked, and walking. The lexeme slow also varies
in form: slower, slowest, slowly.
 A lexeme can thus be broken down into two large
categories:
 invariable lexemes and variable lexemes.
 An invariable lexeme means that there is only one form of
the word; it isn't altered in any way for
meaning. The and a are examples of invariable lexemes.
 Variable lexemes, then, do exist in numerous forms. The
word pretty is variable, as it also takes the forms
of prettier and prettiest. The word be also takes the
forms am, is, are, was, were, being, and been.

5. lexeme
 lexeme consists of more than one word : pick
up, put away, pass out, and look out.
 idioms : think outside the box. change of
heart, piece of cake, cutting corners, the last
straw.

6. Lexical items
 Lexical entries have evolved from simple
pairings of phonological forms with
grammatical categories into elaborate
information structures, in which phonological
forms are now paired with more articulated
feature structure descriptions.

7. Lexemes and Words
 Lexeme: An abstract proto-word which gives
rise to genuine words. We refer to lexemes by
their ‘dictionary form’, e.g. ‘the lexeme run’ or
‘the lexeme dog’.
 Word: A particular pairing of form and
meaning. Running and ran are different words

8. Verbal lexeme
 we handle subject-verb agreement by having the lexical
entries for certain verbs (basically, those with the suffix -
s) specify that their SPR(a subject or determiner) values
have to be third person and singular.
 Aside from that specification, these entries are
essentially identical to those for other forms of what is
intuitively the same verb: their part of speech is verb;
they have the same COMPS(complement) values; and
their semantics is virtually the same.
 This is no accident, nor is the fact that the same suffix is
used to mark almost all third-person singular present
tense verb forms.

9. Structure

11. Logical form and phonological
form

12. LF transfer

13.  SHAC - Specifier-Head Agreement Constraint
 AGR- Agreement, concord

14. Nominal lexeme

15. Verbal lexeme

16. Verbal lexeme

17. Constant lexeme

18. Constant lexeme