The fluid mosaic model developed by S. Jonathan and Garth Nicolson in 1972 describes the structure of the cell membrane. According to this model, the cell membrane is a double layer of phospholipids with proteins dispersed throughout. The phospholipids are amphipathic, with polar heads on the outer surface interacting with water and nonpolar tails in the interior. Cholesterol molecules are embedded in the phospholipid bilayer, making the membrane less permeable. Membrane proteins can be peripheral, attached to the external surface, or intrinsic, embedded within the phospholipid bilayer. Carbohydrates are attached to proteins and lipids on the external cell surface forming the glycocalyx.

1. Structure of cell
membrane
Cell membrane

2. Who discovered structure of cell
membrane?
What are components of cell
membrane?
Type equation here.

3. Plasma membrane
structure is explained
by Fluid mosaic model

4. What is fluid mosaic
model?

5. Fluid mosaic model
 In 1972, S. Jonathan and Garth Nicolson
developed the fluid mosaic model.
 According to this model, a membrane is a double
layer of proteins and phospholipids
 Bilipid layer
 The word mosaic refers the different types of
proteins dispersed in phospholipids

6. Cell membrane is made up of?
proteins lipids carbohydrates
cholesterol phospholipids

7. Points of fluid mosaic model
Phospholipids:
One is polar end and other is non-polar end. The polar end
on the outer side of cell structure, where as non polar is
facing the middle of bilayer
The polar spherical heads are located over the surface of
cell these are water attracting (hydrophilic)
The tales inside the heads are nonpolar, these are
hydrophobic means water hatting.
Polar end
(hydrophilic)
Nonpolar end
(hydrophobic)

8. Cholesterol
 Molecules of cholesterol are embedded in the
interior side of membrane
 Helps to make the membrane less permeable to
water soluble substance
 Helps to provide rigid structure and stabilize the
membrane.

9. So you can see the cholesterol in
the cell membrane

10. Membrane proteins
 Peripheral proteins: Proteins which are attached
on outer membrane side
 Intrinsic proteins or Integral proteins: these
proteins are embedded in surface of cell
membrane
 Intrinsic proteins helps in the movement of ions in
and out of the cell through cell membrane

11. So you can see different types of
proteins in the structure of cell
membrane

12. Carbohydrates

13. Carbohydrates in cell
membrane
 Carbohydrates are attached with the proteins
 These are known as Glyco-proteins
 Carbohydrates are attaches with lipids molecules
 These are known as Glyco-lipids

14. Information about glycocalyx
 Carbohydrates + proteins + lipids =
glycocalyx
 Glycocalyx is key component of cell act as
finger
print
 Helps in cell to cell recognization

15. Structure of cell membrane