This document presents information about mitochondria. It discusses that mitochondria are organelles found in aerobic cells that were first discovered in 1880. Mitochondria have a double membrane structure that encloses the matrix. The inner membrane folds inward to form cristae which increase surface area. Mitochondria contain DNA, ribosomes, and particles involved in oxidation and phosphorylation. They perform important functions like biological oxidation of carbohydrates and fats to synthesize ATP, releasing energy in the process. As mitochondria produce ATP, they are considered the powerhouse of the cell.

1. DEPARTMENT OF BIOCHEMISTRY
PRESENTED BY Rajnish kumar
ROLL NO—12
CLASS – SEM 1

2. MITOCHONDRIA
the mitochondria are filamentous or
granular cytoplasmic organalles of all
aerobic cells of higher animals and plants
and also of some micro-organism
includes Algae, protozoa, and fungi
Mitochondria was first discovered by
kolliker in 1880.

3. STRUCTURE OF MITOCHONDRIA
• The mitochondria are bounded by a double
membrane envelope which provides good tensile
strenth stability and flexiblity to them
• The outer and inner membrane are 60 to 70 A
thick and the two membrane are separated by an
inter membrane space of 60 to 70A
• The inter most compartment remain filled with
matrix. The matrix contain lipid, protein, circular
dna,70s ribosome and certain grannules

4. • The inner mitochondria membrane increase
surface area by giving out tubular structure
called mitochondrial crests.
• Inner membrane of mitochondria have
elementary particle these particle represents
a special ATPsynthatase and are involved in
the process of oxidation and phosphorylation.

6. Chemical composition of
mitochondria
• The gross chemical composition of the
mitochondria varies in different animal and
plant cells. However the mitochondria are
found to contain :-
• 65 to 70% protein
• 25 to 30% lipids
• 0.5% RNA
• And small amount of DNA

7. Functions
• The mitochondria performs the most important
function such as oxidation, dehydration, oxidative
phosphorylation.
• During biological oxidation of the carbohudrates
and fats large amount of energy is released which
is utilized by the mitochondria for synthesis of
energy rich compound known as ATP.
• As mitochondria synthesis energy rich compound
ATP, they are also known as power house of the
cell

8. THANKYOU