This presentation provides information about strokes. It defines a stroke as an interruption of blood flow to the brain, and notes that strokes kill over 137,000 Americans each year. The presentation outlines the two main types of strokes - ischemic (caused by blockage) and hemorrhagic (caused by bleeding) - and discusses warning signs. It also examines modifiable and non-modifiable risk factors for strokes, such as high blood pressure, smoking, diabetes, and physical inactivity. The presentation encourages patients to monitor their personal health risks and make lifestyle changes to prevent first or repeat strokes.
otitis media is the inflammation of the ear drum or tympanic membrane this topic include its definition , etiology, pathophysiology, clinical manifestation, diagnosis and its treatment which can be used by nursing students for taking care of the patient suffering from otitis media and for learning for their examination and knowledge purpose
and care of the child with acute otitis media and chronic otitis media and make their family aware about the complication of the otitis media like hearing loss meningitis
this contain detailed information about introduction, definition, causes, risk factor,treatment, medical and surgical management, nursing care given to the patient ,patient teaching.
otitis media is the inflammation of the ear drum or tympanic membrane this topic include its definition , etiology, pathophysiology, clinical manifestation, diagnosis and its treatment which can be used by nursing students for taking care of the patient suffering from otitis media and for learning for their examination and knowledge purpose
and care of the child with acute otitis media and chronic otitis media and make their family aware about the complication of the otitis media like hearing loss meningitis
this contain detailed information about introduction, definition, causes, risk factor,treatment, medical and surgical management, nursing care given to the patient ,patient teaching.
Nosebleeds can be dramatic and frightening. Luckily, most nosebleeds are not serious and can be handled fairly easily. They are divided into two types, depending on whether the bleeding is coming from the anterior (front of the nose) or posterior (back of the nose).
Nosebleeds are very common in young children, affecting most at some time or another. From the outset, it is important to be aware that nosebleeds will often settle down on their own, sometimes requiring medical treatment, but that major underlying causes (blood clotting problems or abnormalities in the nose) are very rare.
Administration of Medications into Eye and Ear- Topical Application Ganga Tiwari
Administration of Medications into Eye and Ear
Presented by Ganga Tiwari ( BSc. Nursing Fourth Year, TU, IOM, Maharajgunj Nursing Campus Kathamandu Nepal)
Nursing management of critically ill patient in intensive care unitsANILKUMAR BR
Critical care nursing: it is the field of nursing with a focus on the utmost care of the critically ill (or) unstable patients.
Critically ill patients : critically ill patients are those who are at risk for actual (or) potential life threatening health problems.
Admission QGeneral appearance (consciousness)
Airway: Patency Position of artificial airway (if present)
Breathing: Quantity and quality of respirations (rate, depth, pattern, symmetry, effort, use of accessory muscles) Breath sounds Presence of spontaneous breathing.
Circulation and Cerebral Perfusion: ECG (rate, rhythm, and presence of ectopy) Blood pressure Peripheral pulses and capillary refill Skin, color, temperature, moisture Presence of bleeding Level of consciousness, responsiveness.
quick Check Assessment in CCU.
Nosebleeds can be dramatic and frightening. Luckily, most nosebleeds are not serious and can be handled fairly easily. They are divided into two types, depending on whether the bleeding is coming from the anterior (front of the nose) or posterior (back of the nose).
Nosebleeds are very common in young children, affecting most at some time or another. From the outset, it is important to be aware that nosebleeds will often settle down on their own, sometimes requiring medical treatment, but that major underlying causes (blood clotting problems or abnormalities in the nose) are very rare.
Administration of Medications into Eye and Ear- Topical Application Ganga Tiwari
Administration of Medications into Eye and Ear
Presented by Ganga Tiwari ( BSc. Nursing Fourth Year, TU, IOM, Maharajgunj Nursing Campus Kathamandu Nepal)
Nursing management of critically ill patient in intensive care unitsANILKUMAR BR
Critical care nursing: it is the field of nursing with a focus on the utmost care of the critically ill (or) unstable patients.
Critically ill patients : critically ill patients are those who are at risk for actual (or) potential life threatening health problems.
Admission QGeneral appearance (consciousness)
Airway: Patency Position of artificial airway (if present)
Breathing: Quantity and quality of respirations (rate, depth, pattern, symmetry, effort, use of accessory muscles) Breath sounds Presence of spontaneous breathing.
Circulation and Cerebral Perfusion: ECG (rate, rhythm, and presence of ectopy) Blood pressure Peripheral pulses and capillary refill Skin, color, temperature, moisture Presence of bleeding Level of consciousness, responsiveness.
quick Check Assessment in CCU.
Learn why heart disease is a major issue and what you can do to prevent and reverse the number one killer of American's today. Review extensive science and studies demonstrating the effect of nutrient dense foods, exercise and mental health on heart health. Establish your own personal heart health program today.
The Intersection of Orthopedics and Lifestyle MedicineEsserHealth
What you eat, drink and how you move can radically influence the health and happiness of your joints! Learn how to make powerful science based decisions about your personal health and keep your joints healthy and pain free.
Autoimmune Disease: Understanding the Inflammation WithinEsserHealth
AutoImmune Disease can seem scary, overwhelming and complicated. In this powerpoint we break down the science into applicable nuggets for your life. Enjoy it live on facebooklive as well at esserhealth
The Intersection of Sports and Spine Medicine and Plant Based Nutrition EsserHealth
Whether it is pain, performance or recovery, plant based nutrition has a great deal to offer orthopedic patients. Enjoy reviewing this presentation and learning.
The mind is powerful. Emotions are perhaps the most powerful influence of our personal choices every day. As you transition to a more healthy tomorrow, be sure you evaluate your personal thoughts, emotions and feelings on a daily basis. These thoughts and feelings might just be the key to your long term success.
Learn the basics of Diabetes Prevention, reversal and Management. The Science is clear, follow the five key behavior changes to live a diabetes-free life.
Back to the Swing of Things: Golf InjuryEsserHealth
Golf Injury is a real risk of participation, Dr Esser teaches other medical providers about some common golf injuries and both management and prevention in this presentation.
All too often we hear nutrition myths. They confuse many people and result in personal choices that compromise health and increase the risk of disease. In this powerpoint, Dr Esser reviews some foundational and a few specific myths and presents compelling science to set the record straight. Enjoy and remember to keep on asking questions and learning how you can achieve your best health in 2018.
A recent presentation on health and healthy living. Learn how you personal choices just may be the most powerful predictors of your personal health. Be empowered and inspired to achieve your best health in 2018.
Many of us know we should eat more of those healthy foods but find it hard to stick with our "healthy" goals. Why is that and what can you do to make maintaining healthy habits easier.
The Ties that Bind: Depression and DisabilityEsserHealth
The Disability status of an individual and their risk of concomitant mental health needs is linked. If you or a loved one are considering going out on " disability" be sure you have the tools to deal with depression and the like. Reach out, find support and be proactive.
Tennis Injuries can keep athletes off the court and unable to achieve their personal on court goals. Learn how to reduce the risk of these injuries and to enhance function.
Flu Vaccine Alert in Bangalore Karnatakaaddon Scans
As flu season approaches, health officials in Bangalore, Karnataka, are urging residents to get their flu vaccinations. The seasonal flu, while common, can lead to severe health complications, particularly for vulnerable populations such as young children, the elderly, and those with underlying health conditions.
Dr. Vidisha Kumari, a leading epidemiologist in Bangalore, emphasizes the importance of getting vaccinated. "The flu vaccine is our best defense against the influenza virus. It not only protects individuals but also helps prevent the spread of the virus in our communities," he says.
This year, the flu season is expected to coincide with a potential increase in other respiratory illnesses. The Karnataka Health Department has launched an awareness campaign highlighting the significance of flu vaccinations. They have set up multiple vaccination centers across Bangalore, making it convenient for residents to receive their shots.
To encourage widespread vaccination, the government is also collaborating with local schools, workplaces, and community centers to facilitate vaccination drives. Special attention is being given to ensuring that the vaccine is accessible to all, including marginalized communities who may have limited access to healthcare.
Residents are reminded that the flu vaccine is safe and effective. Common side effects are mild and may include soreness at the injection site, mild fever, or muscle aches. These side effects are generally short-lived and far less severe than the flu itself.
Healthcare providers are also stressing the importance of continuing COVID-19 precautions. Wearing masks, practicing good hand hygiene, and maintaining social distancing are still crucial, especially in crowded places.
Protect yourself and your loved ones by getting vaccinated. Together, we can help keep Bangalore healthy and safe this flu season. For more information on vaccination centers and schedules, residents can visit the Karnataka Health Department’s official website or follow their social media pages.
Stay informed, stay safe, and get your flu shot today!
Prix Galien International 2024 Forum ProgramLevi Shapiro
June 20, 2024, Prix Galien International and Jerusalem Ethics Forum in ROME. Detailed agenda including panels:
- ADVANCES IN CARDIOLOGY: A NEW PARADIGM IS COMING
- WOMEN’S HEALTH: FERTILITY PRESERVATION
- WHAT’S NEW IN THE TREATMENT OF INFECTIOUS,
ONCOLOGICAL AND INFLAMMATORY SKIN DISEASES?
- ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE AND ETHICS
- GENE THERAPY
- BEYOND BORDERS: GLOBAL INITIATIVES FOR DEMOCRATIZING LIFE SCIENCE TECHNOLOGIES AND PROMOTING ACCESS TO HEALTHCARE
- ETHICAL CHALLENGES IN LIFE SCIENCES
- Prix Galien International Awards Ceremony
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Title: Sense of Taste
Presenter: Dr. Faiza, Assistant Professor of Physiology
Qualifications:
MBBS (Best Graduate, AIMC Lahore)
FCPS Physiology
ICMT, CHPE, DHPE (STMU)
MPH (GC University, Faisalabad)
MBA (Virtual University of Pakistan)
Learning Objectives:
Describe the structure and function of taste buds.
Describe the relationship between the taste threshold and taste index of common substances.
Explain the chemical basis and signal transduction of taste perception for each type of primary taste sensation.
Recognize different abnormalities of taste perception and their causes.
Key Topics:
Significance of Taste Sensation:
Differentiation between pleasant and harmful food
Influence on behavior
Selection of food based on metabolic needs
Receptors of Taste:
Taste buds on the tongue
Influence of sense of smell, texture of food, and pain stimulation (e.g., by pepper)
Primary and Secondary Taste Sensations:
Primary taste sensations: Sweet, Sour, Salty, Bitter, Umami
Chemical basis and signal transduction mechanisms for each taste
Taste Threshold and Index:
Taste threshold values for Sweet (sucrose), Salty (NaCl), Sour (HCl), and Bitter (Quinine)
Taste index relationship: Inversely proportional to taste threshold
Taste Blindness:
Inability to taste certain substances, particularly thiourea compounds
Example: Phenylthiocarbamide
Structure and Function of Taste Buds:
Composition: Epithelial cells, Sustentacular/Supporting cells, Taste cells, Basal cells
Features: Taste pores, Taste hairs/microvilli, and Taste nerve fibers
Location of Taste Buds:
Found in papillae of the tongue (Fungiform, Circumvallate, Foliate)
Also present on the palate, tonsillar pillars, epiglottis, and proximal esophagus
Mechanism of Taste Stimulation:
Interaction of taste substances with receptors on microvilli
Signal transduction pathways for Umami, Sweet, Bitter, Sour, and Salty tastes
Taste Sensitivity and Adaptation:
Decrease in sensitivity with age
Rapid adaptation of taste sensation
Role of Saliva in Taste:
Dissolution of tastants to reach receptors
Washing away the stimulus
Taste Preferences and Aversions:
Mechanisms behind taste preference and aversion
Influence of receptors and neural pathways
Impact of Sensory Nerve Damage:
Degeneration of taste buds if the sensory nerve fiber is cut
Abnormalities of Taste Detection:
Conditions: Ageusia, Hypogeusia, Dysgeusia (parageusia)
Causes: Nerve damage, neurological disorders, infections, poor oral hygiene, adverse drug effects, deficiencies, aging, tobacco use, altered neurotransmitter levels
Neurotransmitters and Taste Threshold:
Effects of serotonin (5-HT) and norepinephrine (NE) on taste sensitivity
Supertasters:
25% of the population with heightened sensitivity to taste, especially bitterness
Increased number of fungiform papillae
micro teaching on communication m.sc nursing.pdfAnurag Sharma
Microteaching is a unique model of practice teaching. It is a viable instrument for the. desired change in the teaching behavior or the behavior potential which, in specified types of real. classroom situations, tends to facilitate the achievement of specified types of objectives.
New Directions in Targeted Therapeutic Approaches for Older Adults With Mantl...i3 Health
i3 Health is pleased to make the speaker slides from this activity available for use as a non-accredited self-study or teaching resource.
This slide deck presented by Dr. Kami Maddocks, Professor-Clinical in the Division of Hematology and
Associate Division Director for Ambulatory Operations
The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, will provide insight into new directions in targeted therapeutic approaches for older adults with mantle cell lymphoma.
STATEMENT OF NEED
Mantle cell lymphoma (MCL) is a rare, aggressive B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) accounting for 5% to 7% of all lymphomas. Its prognosis ranges from indolent disease that does not require treatment for years to very aggressive disease, which is associated with poor survival (Silkenstedt et al, 2021). Typically, MCL is diagnosed at advanced stage and in older patients who cannot tolerate intensive therapy (NCCN, 2022). Although recent advances have slightly increased remission rates, recurrence and relapse remain very common, leading to a median overall survival between 3 and 6 years (LLS, 2021). Though there are several effective options, progress is still needed towards establishing an accepted frontline approach for MCL (Castellino et al, 2022). Treatment selection and management of MCL are complicated by the heterogeneity of prognosis, advanced age and comorbidities of patients, and lack of an established standard approach for treatment, making it vital that clinicians be familiar with the latest research and advances in this area. In this activity chaired by Michael Wang, MD, Professor in the Department of Lymphoma & Myeloma at MD Anderson Cancer Center, expert faculty will discuss prognostic factors informing treatment, the promising results of recent trials in new therapeutic approaches, and the implications of treatment resistance in therapeutic selection for MCL.
Target Audience
Hematology/oncology fellows, attending faculty, and other health care professionals involved in the treatment of patients with mantle cell lymphoma (MCL).
Learning Objectives
1.) Identify clinical and biological prognostic factors that can guide treatment decision making for older adults with MCL
2.) Evaluate emerging data on targeted therapeutic approaches for treatment-naive and relapsed/refractory MCL and their applicability to older adults
3.) Assess mechanisms of resistance to targeted therapies for MCL and their implications for treatment selection
New Drug Discovery and Development .....NEHA GUPTA
The "New Drug Discovery and Development" process involves the identification, design, testing, and manufacturing of novel pharmaceutical compounds with the aim of introducing new and improved treatments for various medical conditions. This comprehensive endeavor encompasses various stages, including target identification, preclinical studies, clinical trials, regulatory approval, and post-market surveillance. It involves multidisciplinary collaboration among scientists, researchers, clinicians, regulatory experts, and pharmaceutical companies to bring innovative therapies to market and address unmet medical needs.
Explore natural remedies for syphilis treatment in Singapore. Discover alternative therapies, herbal remedies, and lifestyle changes that may complement conventional treatments. Learn about holistic approaches to managing syphilis symptoms and supporting overall health.
TEST BANK for Operations Management, 14th Edition by William J. Stevenson, Ve...kevinkariuki227
TEST BANK for Operations Management, 14th Edition by William J. Stevenson, Verified Chapters 1 - 19, Complete Newest Version.pdf
TEST BANK for Operations Management, 14th Edition by William J. Stevenson, Verified Chapters 1 - 19, Complete Newest Version.pdf
These lecture slides, by Dr Sidra Arshad, offer a quick overview of physiological basis of a normal electrocardiogram.
Learning objectives:
1. Define an electrocardiogram (ECG) and electrocardiography
2. Describe how dipoles generated by the heart produce the waveforms of the ECG
3. Describe the components of a normal electrocardiogram of a typical bipolar leads (limb II)
4. Differentiate between intervals and segments
5. Enlist some common indications for obtaining an ECG
Study Resources:
1. Chapter 11, Guyton and Hall Textbook of Medical Physiology, 14th edition
2. Chapter 9, Human Physiology - From Cells to Systems, Lauralee Sherwood, 9th edition
3. Chapter 29, Ganong’s Review of Medical Physiology, 26th edition
4. Electrocardiogram, StatPearls - https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK549803/
5. ECG in Medical Practice by ABM Abdullah, 4th edition
6. ECG Basics, http://www.nataliescasebook.com/tag/e-c-g-basics
Tom Selleck Health: A Comprehensive Look at the Iconic Actor’s Wellness Journeygreendigital
Tom Selleck, an enduring figure in Hollywood. has captivated audiences for decades with his rugged charm, iconic moustache. and memorable roles in television and film. From his breakout role as Thomas Magnum in Magnum P.I. to his current portrayal of Frank Reagan in Blue Bloods. Selleck's career has spanned over 50 years. But beyond his professional achievements. fans have often been curious about Tom Selleck Health. especially as he has aged in the public eye.
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Introduction
Many have been interested in Tom Selleck health. not only because of his enduring presence on screen but also because of the challenges. and lifestyle choices he has faced and made over the years. This article delves into the various aspects of Tom Selleck health. exploring his fitness regimen, diet, mental health. and the challenges he has encountered as he ages. We'll look at how he maintains his well-being. the health issues he has faced, and his approach to ageing .
Early Life and Career
Childhood and Athletic Beginnings
Tom Selleck was born on January 29, 1945, in Detroit, Michigan, and grew up in Sherman Oaks, California. From an early age, he was involved in sports, particularly basketball. which played a significant role in his physical development. His athletic pursuits continued into college. where he attended the University of Southern California (USC) on a basketball scholarship. This early involvement in sports laid a strong foundation for his physical health and disciplined lifestyle.
Transition to Acting
Selleck's transition from an athlete to an actor came with its physical demands. His first significant role in "Magnum P.I." required him to perform various stunts and maintain a fit appearance. This role, which he played from 1980 to 1988. necessitated a rigorous fitness routine to meet the show's demands. setting the stage for his long-term commitment to health and wellness.
Fitness Regimen
Workout Routine
Tom Selleck health and fitness regimen has evolved. adapting to his changing roles and age. During his "Magnum, P.I." days. Selleck's workouts were intense and focused on building and maintaining muscle mass. His routine included weightlifting, cardiovascular exercises. and specific training for the stunts he performed on the show.
Selleck adjusted his fitness routine as he aged to suit his body's needs. Today, his workouts focus on maintaining flexibility, strength, and cardiovascular health. He incorporates low-impact exercises such as swimming, walking, and light weightlifting. This balanced approach helps him stay fit without putting undue strain on his joints and muscles.
Importance of Flexibility and Mobility
In recent years, Selleck has emphasized the importance of flexibility and mobility in his fitness regimen. Understanding the natural decline in muscle mass and joint flexibility with age. he includes stretching and yoga in his routine. These practices help prevent injuries, improve posture, and maintain mobilit
NVBDCP.pptx Nation vector borne disease control programSapna Thakur
NVBDCP was launched in 2003-2004 . Vector-Borne Disease: Disease that results from an infection transmitted to humans and other animals by blood-feeding arthropods, such as mosquitoes, ticks, and fleas. Examples of vector-borne diseases include Dengue fever, West Nile Virus, Lyme disease, and malaria.
These simplified slides by Dr. Sidra Arshad present an overview of the non-respiratory functions of the respiratory tract.
Learning objectives:
1. Enlist the non-respiratory functions of the respiratory tract
2. Briefly explain how these functions are carried out
3. Discuss the significance of dead space
4. Differentiate between minute ventilation and alveolar ventilation
5. Describe the cough and sneeze reflexes
Study Resources:
1. Chapter 39, Guyton and Hall Textbook of Medical Physiology, 14th edition
2. Chapter 34, Ganong’s Review of Medical Physiology, 26th edition
3. Chapter 17, Human Physiology by Lauralee Sherwood, 9th edition
4. Non-respiratory functions of the lungs https://academic.oup.com/bjaed/article/13/3/98/278874
3. Goals
• What is a stroke?
• Is stroke common?
• What types of strokes are there?
• What are my risk factors for a stroke?
• How can I prevent a 1st or a repeat stroke?
4. Definition
• Stroke:
– interruption of blood flow to any part
of the brain resulting in injury to that
region
7. Statistics
• 795,000 Americans suffer a stroke each year
• 1 stroke occurs every 40 seconds
• Stroke kills > 137,000 people a year
• Every 4 minutes someone dies of stroke
8. Warning Signs!
• Sudden numbness or weakness of the face,
arm or leg, especially on one side of the body
• Sudden confusion, trouble speaking or
Call 911
understanding
• Sudden trouble seeing in one or both eyes
• Sudden trouble walking, dizziness, loss of
balance or coordination
• Sudden, severe headache with no known
cause
9. Types of Strokes
• 2 Common Types
–Ischemic or “Dry” Stroke
–Hemorrhagic or “Wet” Stroke
14. Types of stroke
• Ischemic (Dry) = 85%
– Blockage can be due to:
• 35% Clogged with Cholesterol Plaques: Thrombosis
• 30% Floating Clots: Emboli
• 20% Small clots deep in the brain: Lacunar
• Hemorrhagic (Wet) = 15%
– 10% caused by hypertension: intacerebral
hemmorhage
– 5% due to ruptured aneurysm: Subarachnoid
hemorrhage
17. Non-Modifiable Risk Factors
• Age > 55 years old
• Sex: Male > Female
• Race:
– African American 2x > whites > Asians
• Family History
• Previous history of a stroke
18. Modifiable Risk Factors
• Obesity (belly fat) ≈ 2 x’s
• High Blood Pressure = up to 7 x’s
• High Cholesterol
• Heart Disease ≈ 2x’s
• Diabetes ≈ 2 x’s
22. What can you do?
• Monitor your blood pressure regularly
• Eat more fruits, veggies and whole grains
• Eat less salt, fatty meat, dairy and processed
foods
• Short Supervised Fast
• Take your medicines as prescribed
• Get gentle exercise as approved by your
therapist and doctor
24. What can you do?
• Know your cholesterol level
• Learn what foods have the most cholesterol
• Eat more fruits, vegetables and whole grains
• Does it have a Face or a Mother?
26. What can you do?
• Quit
• Get help
• Support your loved ones trying
• Avoid places and people who encourage
smoking
• Develop new habits, hobbies to fill the void
28. What can you do?
• Achieve your ideal body weight
• Eat more of the “good stuff”
• Supervised Therapeutic Fast
• Check your blood sugars regularly
• Gentle exercise as recommended by your
therapist and health care provider
30. What can you do?
• Learn about your body
• Take medications as prescribed by your doctor
• Eat a healthy spectrum of foods to maintain
good blood levels of all the important
vitamins, minerals and electrolytes
• If you are on a medicine like Coumadin or
Warfarin get your levels checked regularly
32. What can you do?
• Women ≤ 1 drink per day
• Men ≤ 2 drinks per day
• More Alcohol then this has been shown to
your blood pressure = risk of stroke
• Always avoid “binge drinking”
35. What can you do?
• Know your risk and your level
• Start low, go slow and keep on going
• Make a plan
• Develop a habit
• Stick with it
• Keep it varied
• Make it fun
36. You can do it!
• Knowledge
• Tools
• Choices
• Opportunities
39. Conclusion
• YOU are very powerful in your health
• There is a lot that YOU can do
• We can help you
• Learn about your body
• Learn about your risks
• Make a plan to achieve your best health
• Help those in your “Circle of Influence”
HI. I am excited to share some really interesting information with you today about a really important topic. Stroke. We call this a stroke primer or introduction because we want you to know more about your body and about the things you can do to keep it healthy! So put on your learning caps and lets go………
We all have heard of heart attacks. Well a stroke is a Brain attack. Many of the risk factors are the same and we are going to talk about that in great detail
Now stroke is a very common problem in America today. In fact it is the 3 rd leading cause of death right after Diseases of the heart and Cancers. Some other facts about stroke include……..
So this is serious stuff, but the god news like we will talk about is there is a lot that you can do to prevent your risk of future strokes. We never want you to be one of these numbers again or for a first time. Fortunately there is a lot you can do to prevent it. http://www.strokeassociation.org/presenter.jhtml?identifier=1033
You can think of a hemorrhagic stroke like a pipe leaking in your house. Water goes everywhere and you don’t get water to the sink where you really need it. In your house you need a plumber to fix the pipe before things work again but in your brain the body begins to heal. Sometimes you heal all the way just like if the water from your pipes isn’t too bad. Other times the water stains your carpet or the walls and can be improved but not fully returned to 100% And You can think of an ischemic stroke like a clog in your pipes. We’ve all had that experience right? The water gets blocked and can’t get to where it needs to. As a result you are left without “water in the sink” to use the example from before. In medicine we use all kinds of drugs, procedures and lifestyle changes to help open up the blocks and get good flow back to the “sink.” OR In a hemorrhagic stroke, a blood vessel breaks and blood leaks into the brain tissue and injures the brain. The body then has to heal the broken blood vessel and clean up all the old blood while healing the brain tissue. You can think about this like a bruise on your leg when you bump a table or corner. Some of the small blood vessels break and leak some blood under the skin leaving a bruise. IN time the body re-absorbs the blood and the bruise slowly gets better. Or: IN an ischemic stroke you can think of this like a http://www.blackdoctor.org/HealthiNationJPGs/Stroke.3DAnimation.brain.so.jpg http://www2.mhsi.us/images/ed_stroke.jpg http://s3.images.com/huge.56.282032.JPG http://i.ehow.com/images/a04/sa/5s/fix-kitchen-sink-pipes-200X200.jpg
The brain is actually pretty big…not like in this famous cartoon character….no the brian fills up nearly the whole skull especially in a young person The brain is amazing! It sits safely inside your skull,where it is protected by the bones and it is surrounded by fluid to help keep it hydrated and add additional cushion. The brain receives blood via 4 major arteries that run up through the neck. 2 in the back and 2 in the front. These blood vessels carry the oxygen and nutrition the brain needs to function at it’s peak The brain is also split into different areas each of which is involved with particular actions. Everything from speaking and writing to walking, peeing, and feeling emotions http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/images/ency/fullsize/8738.jpg http://kaanyucel.files.wordpress.com/2009/12/homer_simpson_xray2.jpg http://www.today.colostate.edu/userfiles/images/brain_anatomy_story.jpg http://www.neuroskills.com/edu/fullrightleft.jpg http://www.radiologyinfo.ca/utilisateur/images/16_mri_body_b.jpg http://www.bocaradiology.com/cases/neuro/thrombolysis/flair4.jpg http://www.nhs.uk/Livewell/over60s/PublishingImages/Stroke_mri_200140302-001_125x100.jpg
Here’s a very scientific picture of the blood vessels that come up into the brain. You can see the 4 main vessels and some of the smaller ones as they branch off. As you can imagine, dependent on which one of the blood vessels is injured, a different part of the brain may be harmed
Here is just one more picture showing how different parts of the brain get blood from different major artereis You may have heard your doctor talk about the Middle cerebral artery or other such blood vessels and the reason why that is important is just like you can see. Each blood vessel feeds a different area of the brain.
Now this is really complicated, but I am going to give you a quick look at the brain like never before. You see as I said, different parts of the brain are involved in different actions and different parts of the body. You can see how on the surface of the brain different body parts are represented. So for example, if this part of the brain was injured then the thumb might not works as well or if this part was hurt, then feeling to the tongue might be off. It is fascinating how the body develops these connections and nerve relationships over time. Knowing how your brain is laid out helps you to understand how an injury in one place may hurt the brain and likewise how time and rehabilitation can help the brain to heal slowly and return to a more normal state
Now let’s get back to discussing different types of strokes.
Okay now that we understand the concept of strokes, the basic anatomy of the brain and how a stroke can influence different parts of the body, lets
So these are some of the risk factors that you can’t change. That means you either have them or you don’t. It is good to know what your risks are though so you understand your disease more and so your doctor can prescribe the right lifestyle changes and medicine to help protect you and keep you healthy.
So these are the risk factors that you CAN control. It is great news, because there are more risk factors that are in your control than out of your control. SO take a look at these risk factors and we will go through each one number by number. Katarina Jood, M.D., research fellow, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Goteborg, Sweden; Lawrence M. Brass, M.D., professor, neurology, Yale University, New Haven, Conn.; Oct. 29, 2004, Stroke http://www.cbc.ca/gfx/images/news/promos/2010/03/23/artery-cp-584.jpg http://www.news.harvard.edu/gazette/2002/12.12/12-stroke.html http://stroke.ahajournals.org/cgi/content/full/34/7/1586 http://www.stroke.org/site/PageServer?pagename=cholesterol
Okay, now let’s break it down point by point. I want you to pull out a pen and pencil or ask someone with you to take notes. We also have these excellent handouts that you can use to follow along . We are now going to learn what you can do to improve your health and lower your risk of future strokes.
So what can you do to reduce your risk of a stroke. Well when it comes to high blood pressure, one of the most common risk factors, you can do a lot. First learn about your blood pressure. What does it mean and how do you know it’s high unless you check it. You can get a cuff at home or even check it at the pharmacy or the store or swing by your locval fire house and they will check it for free. But you can’t help what you don’t know………so get to know your regualr blood pressures Next the food you eat 3, 4, or 10 times a day is powerful medicine so make sure you are eating healthy foods, like lots of fruits, veggies and whole grains along with less processed foods and less high fat, high cholesterol foods. A simple rule is if it comes out of a box, bag or can…then eat less of it…. Next, take your medicines as prescribed. If you and your doc have agreed to start a medicine then you need to take it as scheduled otherwise it won’t work or could even be dangerous. Finally, a little bit of gentle exercise is important. It helps open up your blood vessels and keep the heart, lungs, skin and other organs in good shape. It also helps get good blood flow to your brain to help you stay sharp.
Cholesterol is a thick greasy substance that can clog up your arteries. Especially when you eat it with high fat, highly processed foods. In fact there is a direct link between the amount of cholesterol and fat you eat and your risk of heart disease and strokes. So you want to reduce your risk of these bad things and there is a a lot you can do.
Tobacco is an incredible toxin and dangerous substance. Unfortunately it is also incredibly addictive. Many of us started off innocently enough and now we are hooked….am I right….do we all know someone who is still hooked on cigarettes? How many of you know people who have tried to quit 5, 6 even 10 times. That just tells you how tough it can be. Now tobacco damages the blood vessels, accelerates aging, oxidizes (or burns) the lining of the brain and also increases your blood pressure. So it doesn’t just increase your risk of bad cancers and lead to impotence…nope it is an all around bad actor……
Number one here is quit……..now that is notoriously hard. If you feel like hey I just can’t do it alone, then get help. That’s what friends, family, health care providers and therapists are for. You can do it and we can help. A few good tips include…….
So diabetes especially uncontrolled diabetes is the number one cause of amputation, nerve damage and kidney failure in America. Unfortunately it is also a big risk factor for stroke. Diabetes results in too much sugar in the blood stream and this high amount of sugar acts like diesel fuel in an unleaded fuel car. It damages the blood vessels and dramatically increases the risk of strokes.
What can you do! Fortunately a lot………number one is know your diagnosis. If you have been diagnosed with diabetes then you need to take it very seriously. You need to do your best to achiever your ideal body weight because being overweight increases your risk of diabetes by 300% and if you are obese your risk increases by 900%. So make a plan to lose weight and the studies show your sugar control will dramatically improve or possibly be eliminated. To lose that weight it’s all about the food and exercise you get.
So what is atrial fibrillation first of all. Well to let you know I have to teach you a little bit of anatomy. Normally the heart beats strong, full beats and squeezes blood up and out into the body. The heart beats at a pretty regular pace and works incredibly well. Sometimes for a variety of reasons which we won’t discuss here, the heart begin to beat in an uneven and rapid way. As a a result it is unable to squeeze fully and with good strength. As a result blood remains in the heart longer then usual and while it sits in the heart waiting to be squirted out to the body it has a higher chance of clotting. In turn when the heart finally does squeeze a full and strong squeeze, the thicker blood can then squirt out and go to the brain where it can cause a stroke if the thickened blood or clot ends up in the wrong place. Think about it this way. Water sitting stagnant in a puddle or a bird pond can develop lots of algae. Water flowing in a beautiful stream and moving fast rarely develops algae because it is moving so quickly and freely. In the same way, when you heart is beating regularly and consistently your risk of a clot and a resultant stroke is much lower
If you have been diagnosed with atrial fibrillation there are a lot of things you can do. Number one is learn more about it. Ask your healthcare provider for more information so you can understand what is going on in your body. Next if you are prescribed a medicine then take it as prescribed. If you are on a blood thinner to help reduce your risk of clots something like Coumadin or Warfarin or the like then take it as prescribed and have your blood levels checked regularly.
Drinking is often over-looked as a risk for stroke, but excess alcohol which means more then 1 drink a day for a woman or 2 for a man increases the risk of high blood pressure which can increase your risk of stroke, heart disease and heart attacks. So my personal recommendation is avoid alcohol altogether. It increases the risk of falls, liver disease and all kinds of other bad things. If however you choose to drink then please follow the simple recommendations above and always, always avoid binge drinking. The same thing for tobacco applies here. If you always drink when you are with certain people or in a certain place then try to avoid these people or places…..
Physical activity does not mean putting on tight funny looking clothes and going to a gym where you think everyone is looking at you. No physical activity is far more then that. Everyone can do something, somewhere every day. We know that the old adage “use it or lose it” does in fact carry some truth. It is crucial to stay active. It is also elemental that you remain safe. So discuss with your therapist and health care provider what are safe activities for you and when you should start them. The goal is to safely and slowly increase your strength, balance, mobility and cardio-vascular fitness. Doing this helps keep your heart strong, your blood vessels more flexible, your brain sharper and reduces your risk of depression, heart attacks, future strokes, falls and so much more.