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Uploaded byDr. Shilna V.
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Status of secondary education in India.pptx

The document discusses the structure and current status of secondary and senior secondary education in India, highlighting classes IX to XII and the challenges in achieving universal access and retention objectives set by policies like the Rashtriya Madhyamik Shiksha Abhiyan and NEP 2020. It notes significant dropout rates, particularly at the higher secondary level, and emphasizes the disparities in access to education across different states and demographic backgrounds. Key issues affecting secondary education include limited accessibility, high costs, inadequate public investment, and a shortage of qualified teachers.

Education◦
Related topics:
Secondary Education Overview•
MODULE 1. Introduction to Secondary and Senior Secondary Education in India Part B Dr. Shilna V
Structure of Secondary and Senior Secondary Education in India • Classes IX and XII constitute the secondary stage • classes XI and XII are designated as the senior secondary stage • The final two years of secondary education is often called higher secondary education or +2 stage • The normal age group of the children in secondary and senior secondary classes are 14-16 years and 16-18 years respectively
Status of Secondary and Senior Secondary Education Rashtriya Madhyamik Shiksha Abhiyan (RMSA) • launched in 2009 • to augment access to good quality secondary education • promised “universal access to secondary level education by 2017 and achieving universal retention by 2020” Despite significant economic growth and achievements in the education sector, this objective remained far-fetched (Tilak 2020)
Status of Secondary and Senior Secondary Education NEP 2023 • India’s latest National Education Policy • released in 2020 • envisaged a holistic vision for school education • emphasised the need to make access to quality and equitable education universal across all levels – from pre-primary to higher secondary – by 2030
Current status of secondary education • Transition from secondary to higher secondary grades • the transition rate from grade 10 to 11 ----73% (2020-21) • the transition rate from grade 8 to 9------91% • Dropout rates • enrolled at the secondary level----------14.6% • enrolled at the upper-primary level------1.9% • enrolled at the primary level-------------0.8%
Current status of secondary education • Unified District Information System for Education-Plus (UDISE-Plus), during 2020-21 • The national gross enrolment rate (GER) • Secondary (grades 9 and 10) --------------80% • Higher secondary (grades 11 and 12) -------54% • Elementary level -------------------------99% • The net enrolment ratio (NER) • Secondary (grades 9 and 10) --------------53% • Higher secondary (grades 11 and 12) -------35% • Elementary level -------------------------92%
• there are wide variations across states in NER • NER at the higher secondary level in Bihar was 18% • those in Tamil Nadu and Himachal Pradesh were 47% and 57% respectively in 2020-21 • currently more than half of the children between the ages of 14 and 17 are unable to access secondary education in India Current status of secondary education
Issues of secondary education • limited physical accessibility of secondary schools • especially for children from economically disadvantaged backgrounds in rural and remote areas who are more dependent on the public education system • National sample Survey (NSS) revealed that, during 2017-18 secondary education costs far higher than elementary education • Periodic Labour Force Survey (PLFS), during 2020-21 • engagement in work to supplement household income cited by 31% of children • stayed away from school to attend to domestic chores by 25% of children • 18% thought that education was not necessary
• Inadequate public investment in school education • Larger investments are also needed to incorporate skill development through vocational education at the secondary level, as envisaged by NEP 2020 • unavailability of an adequate number of qualified and trained teachers, school infrastructure facilities, and a solid regulatory mechanism with an efficient monitoring system Issues of secondary education