This article presents the stability and dynamic
response of open loop and closed loop control of Bidirectional
buck-boost converter(BBC) using PID and PIDN controllers
through transfer function model implemented in MATLAB code.
In order to ensure the stability of switch mode power supplies the
control loop behaviors need to be characterized. Improvement of
stability of BBC using PID/PIDN compensators is demonstrated
in both analog and digital domains by plotting bode plots. Step
response of BBC using PID /PIDN controllers are plotted that
defines the dynamic behavior of the system.PIDN compensator
is proposed to maintain a healthy balance between the stability
and transient behavior since both are indirectly proportional.
Analysis of CMOS Comparator in 90nm Technology with Different Power Reduction...IJECEIAES
To reduce power consumption of regenerative comparator three different techniques are incorporated in this work. These techniques provide a way to achieve low power consumption through their mechanism that alters the operation of the circuit. These techniques are pseudo NMOS, CVSL (cascode voltage switch logic)/DCVS (differential cascode voltage switch) & power gating. Initially regenerative comparator is simulated at 90 nm CMOS technology with 0.7 V supply voltage. Results shows total power consumption of 15.02 µW with considerably large leakage current of 52.03 nA. Further, with pseudo NMOS technique total power consumption increases to 126.53 µW while CVSL shows total power consumption of 18.94 µW with leakage current of 1270.13 nA. More then 90% reduction is attained in total power consumption and leakage current by employing the power gating technique. Moreover, the variations in the power consumption with temperature is also recorded for all three reported techniques where power gating again show optimum variations with least power consumption. Four more conventional comparator circuits are also simulated in 90nm CMOS technology for comparison. Comparison shows better results for regenerative comparator with power gating technique. Simulations are executed by employing SPICE based on 90 nm CMOS technology.
Modeling and simulation of three phases cascaded H-bridge grid-tied PV inverterjournalBEEI
In this paper a control scheme for three phase seven level cascaded H-bridge inverter for grid tied PV system is presented. As power generation from PV depends on varing environmental conditions, for extractraction of maximum power from PV array, fuzzy MPPT controller is incorporated with each PV array. It gives fast and accurate response. To maintain the grid current
sinusoidal under varying conditions, a digital PI controller scheme is adopted. A MATLAB/Simulink model is developed for this purpose and results are presented. At last THD analysis is carried out in order to validate the performance of the overall system. As discussed, with this control strategy the balanced grid current is obtained keeping THD values with in the specified range of IEEE-519 standard.
This document describes testing of a boost rectifier for a back-to-back converter used in a doubly fed induction generator wind energy system. The design of the back-to-back converter components is explained, including selection of IGBT switches, DC link capacitor, and driver circuits. A 1 kW prototype was fabricated in the laboratory. Testing was performed on the rectifier sections and showed the boosting was obtained as required. A microcontroller was used to generate PWM pulses to control the IGBTs in the boost rectifier. Experimental results demonstrated boosting of the rectified voltages for various input voltages and pulse widths.
Digital Voltage Control of DC-DC Boost ConverterIJERA Editor
The need for digital control for faster communication between power stage module & system controllers is increased with requirement of load complexity. The requirements also include stability of power module with the parametric variation. This paper presents a digital control of a dc-dc boost converter under nominal parameter conditions. The system controller has been verified in both frequency response as well as MATLAB-Simulink under nominal & parametric varying condition. The modeling of converter has been illustrated using state-space averaging technique. Direct digital design method is equipped to design the controller in frequency response to yield constant load voltage. The characteristic of load voltage before & after parametric variation is shown.
Reconfigurable of current-mode differentiator and integrator based-on current...IJECEIAES
The reconfigurable of the differentiator and integrator based on current conveyor transconductance amplifiers (CCTAs) have been presented in this paper. The proposed configurations are provided with two CCTAs and grounded elements. The configurations can be operated in the differentiator and integrator by selecting external passive elements. The input and output currents have low and high impedances, respectively; therefore, the configurations can be cascaded without additional current buffer. The proposed configurations can be electronically tuned by external direct current (DC) bias currents, and it also has slight fluctuation with temperature. An application of universal filter is demonstrated to confirm the ability of the proposed configurations. The results of simulation with Pspice program are accordance with the theoretical analysis.
International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) is a team of researchers not publication services or private publications running the journals for monetary benefits, we are association of scientists and academia who focus only on supporting authors who want to publish their work. The articles published in our journal can be accessed online, all the articles will be archived for real time access.
Our journal system primarily aims to bring out the research talent and the works done by sciaentists, academia, engineers, practitioners, scholars, post graduate students of engineering and science. This journal aims to cover the scientific research in a broader sense and not publishing a niche area of research facilitating researchers from various verticals to publish their papers. It is also aimed to provide a platform for the researchers to publish in a shorter of time, enabling them to continue further All articles published are freely available to scientific researchers in the Government agencies,educators and the general public. We are taking serious efforts to promote our journal across the globe in various ways, we are sure that our journal will act as a scientific platform for all researchers to publish their works online.
High Performance of Matrix Converter Fed Induction Motor for IPF Compensation...IOSR Journals
This document discusses a new direct space vector modulation (DSVM) method to improve the input power factor of a matrix converter fed induction motor drive system. The new DSVM method allows control of the displacement angle between the input voltage and current of the matrix converter to maximize the input power factor. Two input power factor compensation algorithms using the new DSVM method are proposed. Simulation and experimental results are presented to validate the effectiveness of the proposed compensation algorithms in improving the input power factor under different load conditions. The document also provides background on the structure and operation of matrix converters, induction motors, and the issues caused by input filters in matrix converter systems that the new DSVM method aims to address.
Research Inventy : International Journal of Engineering and Scienceinventy
This document describes the design of a contactless power supply system capable of generating 300V and 10A of DC power. It is composed of a primary power converter and a secondary power converter. The primary converter uses an inverter to convert 50/60Hz power to 20kHz power, which is then transferred through magnetic coupling to the secondary converter. The secondary converter uses a boosting circuit to generate the high-voltage DC power from the induced 20kHz AC power. Simulation and experimental results showed the system was effective at contactlessly transferring power at high voltages.
Analysis of CMOS Comparator in 90nm Technology with Different Power Reduction...IJECEIAES
To reduce power consumption of regenerative comparator three different techniques are incorporated in this work. These techniques provide a way to achieve low power consumption through their mechanism that alters the operation of the circuit. These techniques are pseudo NMOS, CVSL (cascode voltage switch logic)/DCVS (differential cascode voltage switch) & power gating. Initially regenerative comparator is simulated at 90 nm CMOS technology with 0.7 V supply voltage. Results shows total power consumption of 15.02 µW with considerably large leakage current of 52.03 nA. Further, with pseudo NMOS technique total power consumption increases to 126.53 µW while CVSL shows total power consumption of 18.94 µW with leakage current of 1270.13 nA. More then 90% reduction is attained in total power consumption and leakage current by employing the power gating technique. Moreover, the variations in the power consumption with temperature is also recorded for all three reported techniques where power gating again show optimum variations with least power consumption. Four more conventional comparator circuits are also simulated in 90nm CMOS technology for comparison. Comparison shows better results for regenerative comparator with power gating technique. Simulations are executed by employing SPICE based on 90 nm CMOS technology.
Modeling and simulation of three phases cascaded H-bridge grid-tied PV inverterjournalBEEI
In this paper a control scheme for three phase seven level cascaded H-bridge inverter for grid tied PV system is presented. As power generation from PV depends on varing environmental conditions, for extractraction of maximum power from PV array, fuzzy MPPT controller is incorporated with each PV array. It gives fast and accurate response. To maintain the grid current
sinusoidal under varying conditions, a digital PI controller scheme is adopted. A MATLAB/Simulink model is developed for this purpose and results are presented. At last THD analysis is carried out in order to validate the performance of the overall system. As discussed, with this control strategy the balanced grid current is obtained keeping THD values with in the specified range of IEEE-519 standard.
This document describes testing of a boost rectifier for a back-to-back converter used in a doubly fed induction generator wind energy system. The design of the back-to-back converter components is explained, including selection of IGBT switches, DC link capacitor, and driver circuits. A 1 kW prototype was fabricated in the laboratory. Testing was performed on the rectifier sections and showed the boosting was obtained as required. A microcontroller was used to generate PWM pulses to control the IGBTs in the boost rectifier. Experimental results demonstrated boosting of the rectified voltages for various input voltages and pulse widths.
Digital Voltage Control of DC-DC Boost ConverterIJERA Editor
The need for digital control for faster communication between power stage module & system controllers is increased with requirement of load complexity. The requirements also include stability of power module with the parametric variation. This paper presents a digital control of a dc-dc boost converter under nominal parameter conditions. The system controller has been verified in both frequency response as well as MATLAB-Simulink under nominal & parametric varying condition. The modeling of converter has been illustrated using state-space averaging technique. Direct digital design method is equipped to design the controller in frequency response to yield constant load voltage. The characteristic of load voltage before & after parametric variation is shown.
Reconfigurable of current-mode differentiator and integrator based-on current...IJECEIAES
The reconfigurable of the differentiator and integrator based on current conveyor transconductance amplifiers (CCTAs) have been presented in this paper. The proposed configurations are provided with two CCTAs and grounded elements. The configurations can be operated in the differentiator and integrator by selecting external passive elements. The input and output currents have low and high impedances, respectively; therefore, the configurations can be cascaded without additional current buffer. The proposed configurations can be electronically tuned by external direct current (DC) bias currents, and it also has slight fluctuation with temperature. An application of universal filter is demonstrated to confirm the ability of the proposed configurations. The results of simulation with Pspice program are accordance with the theoretical analysis.
International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) is a team of researchers not publication services or private publications running the journals for monetary benefits, we are association of scientists and academia who focus only on supporting authors who want to publish their work. The articles published in our journal can be accessed online, all the articles will be archived for real time access.
Our journal system primarily aims to bring out the research talent and the works done by sciaentists, academia, engineers, practitioners, scholars, post graduate students of engineering and science. This journal aims to cover the scientific research in a broader sense and not publishing a niche area of research facilitating researchers from various verticals to publish their papers. It is also aimed to provide a platform for the researchers to publish in a shorter of time, enabling them to continue further All articles published are freely available to scientific researchers in the Government agencies,educators and the general public. We are taking serious efforts to promote our journal across the globe in various ways, we are sure that our journal will act as a scientific platform for all researchers to publish their works online.
High Performance of Matrix Converter Fed Induction Motor for IPF Compensation...IOSR Journals
This document discusses a new direct space vector modulation (DSVM) method to improve the input power factor of a matrix converter fed induction motor drive system. The new DSVM method allows control of the displacement angle between the input voltage and current of the matrix converter to maximize the input power factor. Two input power factor compensation algorithms using the new DSVM method are proposed. Simulation and experimental results are presented to validate the effectiveness of the proposed compensation algorithms in improving the input power factor under different load conditions. The document also provides background on the structure and operation of matrix converters, induction motors, and the issues caused by input filters in matrix converter systems that the new DSVM method aims to address.
Research Inventy : International Journal of Engineering and Scienceinventy
This document describes the design of a contactless power supply system capable of generating 300V and 10A of DC power. It is composed of a primary power converter and a secondary power converter. The primary converter uses an inverter to convert 50/60Hz power to 20kHz power, which is then transferred through magnetic coupling to the secondary converter. The secondary converter uses a boosting circuit to generate the high-voltage DC power from the induced 20kHz AC power. Simulation and experimental results showed the system was effective at contactlessly transferring power at high voltages.
This document summarizes a novel interleaved boost converter proposed for photovoltaic power generation systems. The converter aims to reduce switching losses and voltage stress across switches compared to conventional interleaved boost converters. It achieves this by adding a coupling capacitor in series with one switch, which lowers the voltage stress on that switch and provides softer switching. Simulation results on a 0.5kW prototype verify that the proposed converter reduces voltage stress on one switch and achieves softer switching. The converter is also shown to effectively track the maximum power point using a perturb and observe control method under changing solar irradiation levels.
IRJET - Optimizing a High Lateral Misalignment Tolerance of the Short-Ra...IRJET Journal
This document analyzes different capacitive compensation topologies for optimizing lateral misalignment tolerance in inductive wireless power transfer systems. It compares the series-series, parallel-series, series-parallel, and parallel-parallel topologies through analytical and experimental methods. The results show that the series-series topology provides the best optimization as it has independence of resonance frequency from misalignment, high voltage and current gains, and zero phase shift at any misalignment, leading to lower switching losses.
This paper presents a new topology for cascaded H-bridge multilevel inverter utilizing multicarrier modulation technique. The new five-level topology utilizes a capacitive divider network consisting of two capacitors for producing output voltage levels. The developed circuit has reduced number of switches and dc sources compared to conventional five level inverters. Five main power switches, a single additional diode apart from antiparallel diodes, two capacitors and a dc supply constitute a single five level unit. Simulations as well as experimental results are verified for the new topology utilising multicarrier modulation technique with reduced harmonic distortions in the output.
Convergence analysis of the triangular-based power flow method for AC distribu...IJECEIAES
This paper addresses the convergence analysis of the triangular-based power flow (PF) method in alternating current radial distribution networks. The PF formulation is made via upper-triangular matrices, which enables finding a general iterative PF formula that does not require admittance matrix calculations. The convergence analysis of this iterative formula is carried out by applying the Banach fixed-point theorem (BFPT), which allows demonstrating that under an adequate voltage profile the triangular-based PF always converges. Numerical validations are made, on the well-known 33 and 69 distribution networks test systems. Gauss-seidel, newton-raphson, and backward/forward PF methods are considered for the sake of comparison. All the simulations are carried out in MATLAB software.
Distribution Network Reconfiguration Using Binary Particle Swarm Optimization...journalBEEI
Power losses and voltage drop are existing problems in radial distribution networks. This power losses and voltage drop affect the voltage stability level. Reconfiguring the network is a form of approach to improve the quality of electrical power. The network reconfiguration aims to minimize power losses and voltage drop as well as decreasing the Voltage Stability Index (VSI). In this research, network reconfiguration uses binary particle swarm optimization algorithm and Bus Injection to Branch Current-Branch Current to Bus Voltage (BIBC-BCBV) method to analyze the radial system power flow. This scheme was tested on the 33-bus IEEE radial distribution system 12.66 kV. The simulation results show that before reconfiguration, the active power loss is 202.7126 kW and the VSI is 0.20012. After reconfiguration, the active power loss and VSI decreased to 139.5697 kW and 0.14662, respectively. It has decreased the power loss for 31.3136% significantly while the VSI value is closer to zero.
DESIGN AND IMPLEMENTATION OF ANALOG MULTIPLIER WITH IMPROVED LINEARITY VLSICS Design
Analog multipliers are used for frequency conversion and are critical components in modern radio frequency (RF) systems. RF systems must process analog signals with a wide dynamic range at high frequencies. A mixer converts RF power at one frequency into power at another frequency to make signal processing easier and also inexpensive. A fundamental reason for frequency conversion is to allow amplification of the received signal at a frequency other than the RF, or the audio, frequency. This paper deals with two such multipliers using MOSFETs which can be used in communication systems. They were designed and implemented using 0.5 micron CMOS process. The two multipliers were characterized for power consumption, linearity, noise and harmonic distortion. The initial circuit simulated is a basic Gilbert cell whose gain is fairly high but shows more power consumption and high total harmonic distortion. Our paper aims in reducing both power consumption and total harmonic distortion. The second multiplier is a new architecture that consumes 43.07 percent less power and shows 22.69 percent less total harmonic distortion when compared to the basic Gilbert cell. The common centroid layouts of both the circuits have also been developed.
IRJET- Particle Swarm Optimization based Reactive Power Optimization of U...IRJET Journal
This document presents a method for optimizing reactive power in a power distribution system using particle swarm optimization to minimize active power losses. It applies this method to a 21-bus power network in southern Ethiopia. The key steps are: (1) modeling the reactive power optimization problem and constraints, (2) applying particle swarm optimization with control variables like generator voltages and capacitor settings, (3) evaluating active power losses after each iteration using MATPOWER, (4) identifying the optimal settings that minimize losses. The results show active power losses reduced from 18.543 MW to 15.125 MW, an 18.43% decrease, after optimizing reactive power with a new wind generator placed at bus 14.
This document summarizes a study that models and implements a closed loop PI controller for a 3 phase to 3 phase power conversion using a matrix converter. The key points are:
1) A mathematical model of the 3 phase matrix converter circuit is developed in MATLAB/Simulink to achieve less computational time and evaluate the performance of the PI controller.
2) The PI controller is used to achieve real-time control of the 3 phase to 3 phase matrix converter.
3) Duty cycles of the bidirectional switches in the matrix converter are calculated using a modified Venturini algorithm to achieve maximum voltage transfer ratios.
Non-integer IMC Based PID Design for Load Frequency Control of Power System t...IJECEIAES
This paper deals with non-integer internal model control (FIMC) based proportional- integral-derivative(PID) design for load frequency control (LFC) of single area nonreheated thermal power system under parameter divergence and random load disturbance. Firstly, a fractional second order plus dead time(SOPDT) reduced system model is obtained using genetic algorithm through step error minimization. Secondly, a FIMC based PID controller is designed for single area power system based on reduced system model. Proposed controller is equipped with single area non-reheated thermal power system. The resulting controller is tested using MATLAB/SIMULINK under various conditions. The simulation results show that the controller can accommodate system parameter uncertainty and load disturbance. Further, simulation shows that it maintains robust performance as well as minimizes the effect of load fluctuations on frequency deviation. Finally, the proposed method applied to two area power system to show the effectiveness.
Delay Optimization of Low Power Reversible Gate using MOS Transistor Level de...IJERA Editor
In Semiconductor industry has witnessed and explosive growth of integration of sophisticated multimedia base
application onto mobile electronic gadget since the last decade. The critical concern in this aspect is to reduce the
power consumption beyond a certain range of operating frequency. An important factor in the design of VLSI
circuits is the choices of reversible logic. Basically conventionally digital circuits have been implemented using
the logic gates, which were irreversible in nature only NOT gate are reversible. These irreversible gates produce
energy loss due to the information bits lost during the operation information loss occurs because the total number
of output signals generated is less than total number of input signals applied. In reversible if the input vector can
be uniquely recovered from the output vector and if there is a one to one correspondence between its input and
output logic. This paper present a new representation of existing reversible gate in MOS transistor. The MOS
transistor designing using a gate diffusion input. Those new representation of MOS transistor has a hoping future
in design of low power consumption circuits and high speed application.
IRJET - Study of Technical Parameters in Grid-Connected PV SystemIRJET Journal
This document studies the technical parameters of a grid-connected photovoltaic (PV) system. It models the various components of the PV system, including the PV array, maximum power point tracking, DC-DC converter, inverter, and inverter controller. It also models an islanding scenario where the PV system continues supplying local loads after disconnecting from the grid. Simulation results show that under islanding, the voltage and frequency waveforms vary depending on whether PV generation is less than, greater than, or equal to the local load. When PV power is greater or less than load power, voltage sags or swells and frequency increases linearly after islanding occurs. With equivalent PV and load power, voltage and frequency remain
KICKBACK NOISE ANALYSIS OF LOW POWER COMPARATORijsrd.com
The need for ultra low-power, area efficient, and high speed analog-to-digital converters is pushing toward the use of dynamic regenerative comparators to maximize speed and power efficiency. In this report, an analysis on the delay of the dynamic comparators will be presented. Based on the presented analysis, a new dynamic comparator is proposed, where the circuit of a conventional doubletail comparator is modified for low-power and fast operation even in small supply voltages. Comparators presented in this paper designed with 180nm technology file. The power consumption and delay has been modified with tradeoff in area.
Condition of phase angle for a new VDGA-based multiphase variable phase shift...IJECEIAES
The document describes a novel variable phase shift oscillator circuit that uses four voltage differencing gain amplifiers (VDGAs) and two grounded capacitors. The circuit can generate two sinusoidal signals with a phase shift between 0 and 90 degrees. It has four floating voltage outputs, with two outputs in phase and the other two in phase. The phase shift angle, oscillation condition, and frequency of oscillation can be electronically controlled independently. Non-ideal analyses show the circuit is slightly affected by parasitic elements but external capacitors can compensate for errors. Simulation results using PSPICE confirm the theoretical analyses.
Hybrid bypass technique to mitigate leakage current in the grid-tied inverterIJECEIAES
The extensive use of fossil fuel is destroying the balance of nature that could lead to many problems in the forthcoming era. Renewable energy resources are a ray of hope to avoid possible destruction. Smart grid and distributed power generation systems are now mainly built with the help of renewable energy resources. The integration of renewable energy production system with the smart grid and distributed power generation is facing many challenges that include addressing the issue of isolation and power quality. This paper presents a new approach to address the aforementioned issues by proposing a hybrid bypass technique concept to improve the overall performance of the grid-tied inverter in solar power generation. The topology with the proposed technique is presented using traditional H5, oH5 and H6 inverter. Comparison of topologies with literature is carried out to check the feasibility of the method proposed. It is found that the leakage current of all the proposed inverters is 9 mA and total harmonic distortion is almost about 2%. The proposed topology has good efficiency, common mode and differential mode characteristics.
IJRET : International Journal of Research in Engineering and Technology is an international peer reviewed, online journal published by eSAT Publishing House for the enhancement of research in various disciplines of Engineering and Technology. The aim and scope of the journal is to provide an academic medium and an important reference for the advancement and dissemination of research results that support high-level learning, teaching and research in the fields of Engineering and Technology. We bring together Scientists, Academician, Field Engineers, Scholars and Students of related fields of Engineering and Technology
A dc-dc zeta converter is a switch mode dc-dc converter that can either step-up or step-down dc input voltage. In order to regulate the dc output voltage, a control subsystem needs to be deployed for the dc-dc zeta converter. This paper presents the dc-dc zeta converter control. Unlike conventional dc-dc zeta converter control which produces a controller based on the nominal value model, we propose a convex polytope model of the dc-dc zeta converter which takes into account parameter uncertainty. A linear matrix inequality (LMI) is formulated based on the linear quadratic regulator (LQR) problem to find the state-feedback controller for the convex polytope model. Simulation results are presented to compare the control performance between the conventional LQR and the proposed LMI based controller on the dc-dc zeta converter. Furthermore, the reduction technique of the convex polytope is proposed and its effect is investigated.
1) The document reviews a differential tunable active inductor LC-tank voltage-controlled oscillator (VCO) circuit proposed by Lu et al. that achieves a wide tuning range.
2) The circuit uses a differential active inductor and varactor capacitors in the LC tank. Coarse tuning is achieved by varying the equivalent inductance through a voltage-controlled resistor, while fine tuning uses a varactor.
3) This topology achieved a 143% extended tuning range and significant size reduction compared to previous VCO designs.
A novel digitally programmable generalized impedance multiplier is presented. It uses second
generation current conveyor and a digital control module. The new multiplier can provide digital control to
grounded impedance functions such as, resistor, capacitor, inductor without quantizing the signal. The technique
used is simple, versatile as well as compatible for microminiaturization in contemporary IC technologies. The
simulation results on digitally programmable generalized impedance multiplier verify the theory.
Simulation model of PID for DC-DC converter by using MATLAB IJECEIAES
The change in loads in most applications whose source of nutrition is a renewable energy system. Renewable energy systems can change according to climatic conditions. To control and control these changes, the use of conventional control systems such as PIDs. The PID is one of the most common and used conventional control systems that have been chosen to output the type of power electronic devise (DC-DC converter) in different working conditions. The current study aims to improve the system performance through simulation. Simulation results demonstrate the effectiveness of the system with the controller based on setting parameters such as recording system states, embedded elevation time and transient response.
This document describes analyzing replacing a high-cost C-RIO system with a lower-cost PLC system for testing IGBTs. It first describes a C-RIO based testing system that accurately measures IGBT static parameters but requires specialized knowledge and tools. It then proposes a PLC-based alternative using ladder logic programming for easier control and lower cost. Block diagrams are provided of both systems showing how the PLC would automate contact establishment and parameter measurement/conversion. The methodology section outlines the PLC-controlled testing process flow. It is concluded that the PLC system ensures high reliability at lower cost than the C-RIO approach.
Comparison of Cascaded H-Bridge Multilevel Inverter connected to grid using P...IRJET Journal
This document compares a seven-level and eleven-level cascaded H-bridge multilevel inverter connected to a grid using PI and fuzzy logic controllers. Total harmonic distortion (THD) is reduced using sinusoidal pulse width modulation and controllers. A rule-based fuzzy logic controller is designed that produces better harmonic reduction than a PI controller. Simulation results in MATLAB show that the fuzzy logic controller provides lower THD and better dynamic performance compared to the PI controller for both the seven-level and eleven-level inverters. The THD is further reduced when increasing the inverter level from seven to eleven levels.
IRJET- Investigation on DC-DC Converter Topologies for PV ApplicationsIRJET Journal
This document investigates different DC-DC converter topologies for photovoltaic (PV) applications and proposes a suitable topology for reducing output voltage ripple. It simulates the Boost converter, SEPIC converter, and non-inverting buck-boost converter in MATLAB/Simulink. The Boost converter has the lowest output voltage ripple of 0.0025V. A PV model is also developed and simulated. Finally, the Boost converter is interfaced with the PV model to step up the low PV output voltage. Simulation results show the Boost converter interfaced with PV provides an output voltage of 24V with low ripple of 0.0025V.
This document summarizes a novel interleaved boost converter proposed for photovoltaic power generation systems. The converter aims to reduce switching losses and voltage stress across switches compared to conventional interleaved boost converters. It achieves this by adding a coupling capacitor in series with one switch, which lowers the voltage stress on that switch and provides softer switching. Simulation results on a 0.5kW prototype verify that the proposed converter reduces voltage stress on one switch and achieves softer switching. The converter is also shown to effectively track the maximum power point using a perturb and observe control method under changing solar irradiation levels.
IRJET - Optimizing a High Lateral Misalignment Tolerance of the Short-Ra...IRJET Journal
This document analyzes different capacitive compensation topologies for optimizing lateral misalignment tolerance in inductive wireless power transfer systems. It compares the series-series, parallel-series, series-parallel, and parallel-parallel topologies through analytical and experimental methods. The results show that the series-series topology provides the best optimization as it has independence of resonance frequency from misalignment, high voltage and current gains, and zero phase shift at any misalignment, leading to lower switching losses.
This paper presents a new topology for cascaded H-bridge multilevel inverter utilizing multicarrier modulation technique. The new five-level topology utilizes a capacitive divider network consisting of two capacitors for producing output voltage levels. The developed circuit has reduced number of switches and dc sources compared to conventional five level inverters. Five main power switches, a single additional diode apart from antiparallel diodes, two capacitors and a dc supply constitute a single five level unit. Simulations as well as experimental results are verified for the new topology utilising multicarrier modulation technique with reduced harmonic distortions in the output.
Convergence analysis of the triangular-based power flow method for AC distribu...IJECEIAES
This paper addresses the convergence analysis of the triangular-based power flow (PF) method in alternating current radial distribution networks. The PF formulation is made via upper-triangular matrices, which enables finding a general iterative PF formula that does not require admittance matrix calculations. The convergence analysis of this iterative formula is carried out by applying the Banach fixed-point theorem (BFPT), which allows demonstrating that under an adequate voltage profile the triangular-based PF always converges. Numerical validations are made, on the well-known 33 and 69 distribution networks test systems. Gauss-seidel, newton-raphson, and backward/forward PF methods are considered for the sake of comparison. All the simulations are carried out in MATLAB software.
Distribution Network Reconfiguration Using Binary Particle Swarm Optimization...journalBEEI
Power losses and voltage drop are existing problems in radial distribution networks. This power losses and voltage drop affect the voltage stability level. Reconfiguring the network is a form of approach to improve the quality of electrical power. The network reconfiguration aims to minimize power losses and voltage drop as well as decreasing the Voltage Stability Index (VSI). In this research, network reconfiguration uses binary particle swarm optimization algorithm and Bus Injection to Branch Current-Branch Current to Bus Voltage (BIBC-BCBV) method to analyze the radial system power flow. This scheme was tested on the 33-bus IEEE radial distribution system 12.66 kV. The simulation results show that before reconfiguration, the active power loss is 202.7126 kW and the VSI is 0.20012. After reconfiguration, the active power loss and VSI decreased to 139.5697 kW and 0.14662, respectively. It has decreased the power loss for 31.3136% significantly while the VSI value is closer to zero.
DESIGN AND IMPLEMENTATION OF ANALOG MULTIPLIER WITH IMPROVED LINEARITY VLSICS Design
Analog multipliers are used for frequency conversion and are critical components in modern radio frequency (RF) systems. RF systems must process analog signals with a wide dynamic range at high frequencies. A mixer converts RF power at one frequency into power at another frequency to make signal processing easier and also inexpensive. A fundamental reason for frequency conversion is to allow amplification of the received signal at a frequency other than the RF, or the audio, frequency. This paper deals with two such multipliers using MOSFETs which can be used in communication systems. They were designed and implemented using 0.5 micron CMOS process. The two multipliers were characterized for power consumption, linearity, noise and harmonic distortion. The initial circuit simulated is a basic Gilbert cell whose gain is fairly high but shows more power consumption and high total harmonic distortion. Our paper aims in reducing both power consumption and total harmonic distortion. The second multiplier is a new architecture that consumes 43.07 percent less power and shows 22.69 percent less total harmonic distortion when compared to the basic Gilbert cell. The common centroid layouts of both the circuits have also been developed.
IRJET- Particle Swarm Optimization based Reactive Power Optimization of U...IRJET Journal
This document presents a method for optimizing reactive power in a power distribution system using particle swarm optimization to minimize active power losses. It applies this method to a 21-bus power network in southern Ethiopia. The key steps are: (1) modeling the reactive power optimization problem and constraints, (2) applying particle swarm optimization with control variables like generator voltages and capacitor settings, (3) evaluating active power losses after each iteration using MATPOWER, (4) identifying the optimal settings that minimize losses. The results show active power losses reduced from 18.543 MW to 15.125 MW, an 18.43% decrease, after optimizing reactive power with a new wind generator placed at bus 14.
This document summarizes a study that models and implements a closed loop PI controller for a 3 phase to 3 phase power conversion using a matrix converter. The key points are:
1) A mathematical model of the 3 phase matrix converter circuit is developed in MATLAB/Simulink to achieve less computational time and evaluate the performance of the PI controller.
2) The PI controller is used to achieve real-time control of the 3 phase to 3 phase matrix converter.
3) Duty cycles of the bidirectional switches in the matrix converter are calculated using a modified Venturini algorithm to achieve maximum voltage transfer ratios.
Non-integer IMC Based PID Design for Load Frequency Control of Power System t...IJECEIAES
This paper deals with non-integer internal model control (FIMC) based proportional- integral-derivative(PID) design for load frequency control (LFC) of single area nonreheated thermal power system under parameter divergence and random load disturbance. Firstly, a fractional second order plus dead time(SOPDT) reduced system model is obtained using genetic algorithm through step error minimization. Secondly, a FIMC based PID controller is designed for single area power system based on reduced system model. Proposed controller is equipped with single area non-reheated thermal power system. The resulting controller is tested using MATLAB/SIMULINK under various conditions. The simulation results show that the controller can accommodate system parameter uncertainty and load disturbance. Further, simulation shows that it maintains robust performance as well as minimizes the effect of load fluctuations on frequency deviation. Finally, the proposed method applied to two area power system to show the effectiveness.
Delay Optimization of Low Power Reversible Gate using MOS Transistor Level de...IJERA Editor
In Semiconductor industry has witnessed and explosive growth of integration of sophisticated multimedia base
application onto mobile electronic gadget since the last decade. The critical concern in this aspect is to reduce the
power consumption beyond a certain range of operating frequency. An important factor in the design of VLSI
circuits is the choices of reversible logic. Basically conventionally digital circuits have been implemented using
the logic gates, which were irreversible in nature only NOT gate are reversible. These irreversible gates produce
energy loss due to the information bits lost during the operation information loss occurs because the total number
of output signals generated is less than total number of input signals applied. In reversible if the input vector can
be uniquely recovered from the output vector and if there is a one to one correspondence between its input and
output logic. This paper present a new representation of existing reversible gate in MOS transistor. The MOS
transistor designing using a gate diffusion input. Those new representation of MOS transistor has a hoping future
in design of low power consumption circuits and high speed application.
IRJET - Study of Technical Parameters in Grid-Connected PV SystemIRJET Journal
This document studies the technical parameters of a grid-connected photovoltaic (PV) system. It models the various components of the PV system, including the PV array, maximum power point tracking, DC-DC converter, inverter, and inverter controller. It also models an islanding scenario where the PV system continues supplying local loads after disconnecting from the grid. Simulation results show that under islanding, the voltage and frequency waveforms vary depending on whether PV generation is less than, greater than, or equal to the local load. When PV power is greater or less than load power, voltage sags or swells and frequency increases linearly after islanding occurs. With equivalent PV and load power, voltage and frequency remain
KICKBACK NOISE ANALYSIS OF LOW POWER COMPARATORijsrd.com
The need for ultra low-power, area efficient, and high speed analog-to-digital converters is pushing toward the use of dynamic regenerative comparators to maximize speed and power efficiency. In this report, an analysis on the delay of the dynamic comparators will be presented. Based on the presented analysis, a new dynamic comparator is proposed, where the circuit of a conventional doubletail comparator is modified for low-power and fast operation even in small supply voltages. Comparators presented in this paper designed with 180nm technology file. The power consumption and delay has been modified with tradeoff in area.
Condition of phase angle for a new VDGA-based multiphase variable phase shift...IJECEIAES
The document describes a novel variable phase shift oscillator circuit that uses four voltage differencing gain amplifiers (VDGAs) and two grounded capacitors. The circuit can generate two sinusoidal signals with a phase shift between 0 and 90 degrees. It has four floating voltage outputs, with two outputs in phase and the other two in phase. The phase shift angle, oscillation condition, and frequency of oscillation can be electronically controlled independently. Non-ideal analyses show the circuit is slightly affected by parasitic elements but external capacitors can compensate for errors. Simulation results using PSPICE confirm the theoretical analyses.
Hybrid bypass technique to mitigate leakage current in the grid-tied inverterIJECEIAES
The extensive use of fossil fuel is destroying the balance of nature that could lead to many problems in the forthcoming era. Renewable energy resources are a ray of hope to avoid possible destruction. Smart grid and distributed power generation systems are now mainly built with the help of renewable energy resources. The integration of renewable energy production system with the smart grid and distributed power generation is facing many challenges that include addressing the issue of isolation and power quality. This paper presents a new approach to address the aforementioned issues by proposing a hybrid bypass technique concept to improve the overall performance of the grid-tied inverter in solar power generation. The topology with the proposed technique is presented using traditional H5, oH5 and H6 inverter. Comparison of topologies with literature is carried out to check the feasibility of the method proposed. It is found that the leakage current of all the proposed inverters is 9 mA and total harmonic distortion is almost about 2%. The proposed topology has good efficiency, common mode and differential mode characteristics.
IJRET : International Journal of Research in Engineering and Technology is an international peer reviewed, online journal published by eSAT Publishing House for the enhancement of research in various disciplines of Engineering and Technology. The aim and scope of the journal is to provide an academic medium and an important reference for the advancement and dissemination of research results that support high-level learning, teaching and research in the fields of Engineering and Technology. We bring together Scientists, Academician, Field Engineers, Scholars and Students of related fields of Engineering and Technology
A dc-dc zeta converter is a switch mode dc-dc converter that can either step-up or step-down dc input voltage. In order to regulate the dc output voltage, a control subsystem needs to be deployed for the dc-dc zeta converter. This paper presents the dc-dc zeta converter control. Unlike conventional dc-dc zeta converter control which produces a controller based on the nominal value model, we propose a convex polytope model of the dc-dc zeta converter which takes into account parameter uncertainty. A linear matrix inequality (LMI) is formulated based on the linear quadratic regulator (LQR) problem to find the state-feedback controller for the convex polytope model. Simulation results are presented to compare the control performance between the conventional LQR and the proposed LMI based controller on the dc-dc zeta converter. Furthermore, the reduction technique of the convex polytope is proposed and its effect is investigated.
1) The document reviews a differential tunable active inductor LC-tank voltage-controlled oscillator (VCO) circuit proposed by Lu et al. that achieves a wide tuning range.
2) The circuit uses a differential active inductor and varactor capacitors in the LC tank. Coarse tuning is achieved by varying the equivalent inductance through a voltage-controlled resistor, while fine tuning uses a varactor.
3) This topology achieved a 143% extended tuning range and significant size reduction compared to previous VCO designs.
A novel digitally programmable generalized impedance multiplier is presented. It uses second
generation current conveyor and a digital control module. The new multiplier can provide digital control to
grounded impedance functions such as, resistor, capacitor, inductor without quantizing the signal. The technique
used is simple, versatile as well as compatible for microminiaturization in contemporary IC technologies. The
simulation results on digitally programmable generalized impedance multiplier verify the theory.
Simulation model of PID for DC-DC converter by using MATLAB IJECEIAES
The change in loads in most applications whose source of nutrition is a renewable energy system. Renewable energy systems can change according to climatic conditions. To control and control these changes, the use of conventional control systems such as PIDs. The PID is one of the most common and used conventional control systems that have been chosen to output the type of power electronic devise (DC-DC converter) in different working conditions. The current study aims to improve the system performance through simulation. Simulation results demonstrate the effectiveness of the system with the controller based on setting parameters such as recording system states, embedded elevation time and transient response.
This document describes analyzing replacing a high-cost C-RIO system with a lower-cost PLC system for testing IGBTs. It first describes a C-RIO based testing system that accurately measures IGBT static parameters but requires specialized knowledge and tools. It then proposes a PLC-based alternative using ladder logic programming for easier control and lower cost. Block diagrams are provided of both systems showing how the PLC would automate contact establishment and parameter measurement/conversion. The methodology section outlines the PLC-controlled testing process flow. It is concluded that the PLC system ensures high reliability at lower cost than the C-RIO approach.
Comparison of Cascaded H-Bridge Multilevel Inverter connected to grid using P...IRJET Journal
This document compares a seven-level and eleven-level cascaded H-bridge multilevel inverter connected to a grid using PI and fuzzy logic controllers. Total harmonic distortion (THD) is reduced using sinusoidal pulse width modulation and controllers. A rule-based fuzzy logic controller is designed that produces better harmonic reduction than a PI controller. Simulation results in MATLAB show that the fuzzy logic controller provides lower THD and better dynamic performance compared to the PI controller for both the seven-level and eleven-level inverters. The THD is further reduced when increasing the inverter level from seven to eleven levels.
IRJET- Investigation on DC-DC Converter Topologies for PV ApplicationsIRJET Journal
This document investigates different DC-DC converter topologies for photovoltaic (PV) applications and proposes a suitable topology for reducing output voltage ripple. It simulates the Boost converter, SEPIC converter, and non-inverting buck-boost converter in MATLAB/Simulink. The Boost converter has the lowest output voltage ripple of 0.0025V. A PV model is also developed and simulated. Finally, the Boost converter is interfaced with the PV model to step up the low PV output voltage. Simulation results show the Boost converter interfaced with PV provides an output voltage of 24V with low ripple of 0.0025V.
Iaetsd design of fuzzy self-tuned load frequency controller for power systemIaetsd Iaetsd
This document describes a self-tuning fuzzy controller designed for load frequency control (LFC) in a multi-machine power system. Conventional PID gains are first obtained using ant colony system optimization. These gains are then used to design fuzzy controller gains to solve the LFC problem under different loading conditions and non-linearities like generation rate constraints. The proposed self-tuning fuzzy controller is tested on a practical thermal and hydel power system and shown to perform better than conventional integral and ACS-PID controllers in dealing with system uncertainties and changing operating conditions.
Interleaved DC-DC converter with coupled inductor is used in standalone Photovoltaic, battery charger/discharger application. The main issue of the Interleaved DC-DC converter is that, it does not provide constant output voltage for a change in input voltage. Therefore, the converter efficiency is reduced. Hence to overcome this drawback, proper controller has to be used. In this paper, different control techniques such as PI, PID and Fuzzy logic controller are used. The simulation results of all three controllers were done using MATLAB/Simulink and compared. Fuzzy logic controller provides better regulated output voltage with less settling time of 0.04sec.
This document summarizes an analysis of an integrated Boost-Cuk DC-DC converter with radial basis function network (RBFN) maximum power point tracking (MPPT) control for solar photovoltaic applications. The integrated converter combines the Boost and Cuk converters to achieve higher voltage gain than individual converters while reducing stress on components. Simulation results show the integrated converter boosts a 24V PV panel output to 230V DC, extracting more power than a conventional perturb and observe MPPT method. The RBFN MPPT control provides faster learning and more compact topology compared to other MPPT techniques.
This document summarizes a theoretical study comparing the performance of a DC-DC buck converter controlled by various controllers. It analyzes the buck converter controlled by PI, PID, sliding mode control (SMC), and a hybrid SMC-PID controller. Simulation results in Matlab/Simulink show that PID control has the fastest settling time of 2.5 ms, while SMC has the slowest of 20 ms. SMC-PID control achieves zero overshoot but the longest settling time. Overall, linear controllers like PI and PID work well when fast response, low cost and simplicity are priorities, while SMC and SMC-PID which account for nonlinearities are better for high accuracy applications tolerating longer settling times
Implementation of Linear Controller for a DC-DC Forward Converterijceronline
This paper discusses the controller implementation of a DC to DC Forward converter. The open loop response is obtained initially. Then the closed loop control is given in real time for the Forward converter. The MATLAB interfacing is done with the help of data acquisition card. The conventional PI controller is used for the closed loop control and the results are analyzed under MATLAB/SIMULINK environment
Efficient bridgeless SEPIC converter fed PMBLDC motor using artificial neural...IJECEIAES
In this paper, a new design of Bridgeless SEPIC (Single Ended Primary Inductance converter) with Artificial neural network (ANN) fed PMBLDC Motor drive is proposed to improve Power Factor. The proposed converter has single switching device of MOSFET, so the switching losses is reduced.ANN is used to achieve the higher power factor and fixed dc link voltage. Also the ANN methodology the time taken for computation is less since there is no mathematical model. The output voltage depends on the switching frequency of the MOSFET. The BLSEPIC act as a buck operation in continuous conduction mode. Detailed converter analysis, equivalent circuit and closed-loop analysis are presented for 36V, 120W, 1500rpm BLDC Motor drive. This proposed converter produces low conduction loss, low total harmonic reduction, low settling time and high power factor reaching near-unity. All the simulation work is verified with MATLAB – Simulink.
PID Compensator Control Scheme of Synchronous Buck DC-DC Converter with ZVS L...IJRES Journal
This paper deals with PID compensator control of Synchronous Rectifier (SR) Buck Converter to improve its conversion efficiency under different load conditions with the help of a Zero Voltage Switching(ZVS)Logic Circuit. Since the freewheeling diode is replaced by a high frequency switch MOSFET in this buck configuration, the SR control technique itself will be sufficient under heavy load condition to attain better normal mode performance. However, this technique does not hold well in light load condition, due to increased switching losses. A newPID compensator control techniqueis introduced in the paper will enable synchronous buck converter to realize ZVS, while feeding light load. This is also cost effective and highly efficient simple control method without use of extra auxiliary switches and RLC components. This control technique also proved to be efficient under input voltage variations. Simulation is done for proving stabilization provided by the PID compensator with the help of ZVS logic circuit for synchronous rectifier (SR) buck converter in MATLAB Simulink.
This document discusses small signal analysis based closed loop control of a buck converter. It first provides background on buck converters and their use. It then describes performing small signal analysis to linearize the system for control purposes. Different control design methods like bode plot analysis and Zeigler-Nichols tuning are examined. The proportional and integral gains of a PI controller are derived using these frequency domain techniques. Simulation results show the output voltage is regulated as desired with the PI controller despite input voltage and load disturbances.
IRJET- Design and Implementation of Solar Charge ControllerIRJET Journal
1) This document describes the design and implementation of a solar charge controller that uses maximum power point tracking (MPPT) to efficiently charge batteries from solar panels.
2) It discusses the major components, including the solar panel, DC-DC buck-boost converter, Arduino microcontroller, and presents block diagrams of the overall system and MPPT algorithm.
3) Simulation and hardware results are presented, showing the system is able to closely track the maximum power point of the solar array and efficiently charge batteries while avoiding overvoltage.
IRJET- Design and Development of Interleaved Boost Converter using Fuzzy ...IRJET Journal
This document summarizes a research paper that proposes the design and development of an interleaved boost converter using a fuzzy logic controller. Some key points:
- The interleaved boost converter is used to boost the output voltage from a solar PV system in an efficient way with low voltage stress and higher power transfer ratio.
- A fuzzy logic controller is implemented to control the interleaved boost converter using a fuzzy logic algorithm for maximum power point tracking of the solar PV system.
- Simulation results in MATLAB show that the fuzzy logic controller improves the performance of the interleaved boost converter by reducing output voltage and current ripple compared to an open loop system.
- The proposed converter and fuzzy logic control method provide benefits such
Integrated double buck boost converter for power led lamps using fuzzy logic ...IAEME Publication
This document summarizes a research paper that proposes an integrated double buck-boost converter circuit to drive power LED lamps. The circuit ensures a stable voltage supply and good efficiency for the LED lamp. It consists of two inductors, capacitors, and diodes connected in cascade with a common switch. The input inductor operates in discontinuous conduction mode to achieve high power factor from the power source. Simulation results using PI and fuzzy logic controllers show the circuit provides high input power factor and superior output voltage control.
Interleaved Boost Converter (ILBC) is a better converter between Photo Voltaic(PV) source and shunt active power filter. This paper deals with comparison of time domain outputs of PI and Fractional Order PID(FOPID) controlled ILBC fed shunt active filter in a grid connected PV system. The aim of this work is to minimize current ripple using ILBC between PV system and filter to improve the dynamic performance of shunt active filter. Closed loop monitored PI and FOPID systems are modeled, and the corresponding results are presented. MATLAB results of load voltage, current, converter voltage and currents with FOPID exhibits enhanced dynamic response. The proposed FOPID controlled ILBC Fed Shunt Active Filter system (ILBCFSAF) has advantages like low settling time, less peak over shoot and reduced steady state error in load voltage. The simulation results of ILBCSAF are compared with the corresponding hardware results.
Design of low power barrel shifter and rotator using two phase clocked adiaba...eSAT Publishing House
This document summarizes the design of low power barrel shifters and rotators using two phase clocked adiabatic static CMOS logic. Barrel shifters and rotators were designed using a multiplexer-based approach and simulated in a 45nm CMOS process. The power consumption of the 2PASCL barrel shifter, rotator, and shifter/rotator circuits were compared to their static CMOS counterparts, showing a 69.67% reduction in power consumption for the 2PASCL circuits. Simulation results demonstrated the suitability of 2PASCL logic for low power applications like digital signal processors that require high speed and low power operation.
Design and Implementation of speed control for 3 phase induction motor using ...IRJET Journal
This document summarizes a study that designed and simulated an active front end drive (AFED) system for controlling the speed of a 3-phase induction motor. The system uses an active rectifier to regulate the DC link voltage and reduce input current harmonics. It employs proportional-integral current controllers in a rotating dq reference frame to achieve unity power factor operation. Simulations showed the AFED maintains steady DC voltage, draws sinusoidal current from the grid, and can control motor speed by varying the input power factor. Hardware tests validated the generation of switching pulses for insulated gate bipolar transistors used in the active rectifier. The system demonstrates improved power quality and ability to regulate speed for induction motor control applications.
Implementation of TI-SEPIC Converter for Optimal Utilization Of PV Powerijtsrd
In this project qualitative analysis and controller design of a TI-SEPIC converter for optimal utilization photovoltaic power is presented. This converter is essentially combination of conventional buck and SEPIC converters sharing common components. On the account of the integration load side only one inductor is sufficient enough for performing the power conversion in both Buck and SEPIC converters. Here the function of the lower SEPIC converter is to extract maximum power from the PV and feeds into the load, while the remaining load power demand is supplied by the dc source through a voltage-mode controlled buck converter. Proposed integrated Converter performance is verified through MAT/SIM software simulations and then verified with measurement results obtained the laboratory prototype converter system. A.S.Valarmathy"Implementation of TI-SEPIC Converter for Optimal Utilization Of PV Power" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-1 | Issue-5 , August 2017, URL: http://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd2393.pdf http://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/electrical-engineering/2393/implementation-of-ti-sepic-converter-for-optimal-utilization-of-pv-power/asvalarmathy
Comparison of PI and PID Controlled Bidirectional DC-DC Converter SystemsIJPEDS-IAES
This paper deals with comparison of responses of the PI and the PID
controlled bidirectional DC-DC converter systems. A coupled inductor is
used in the present work to produce high gain. Open loop and closed loop
controlled systems with PI and PID controllers are designed and simulated
using Matlab tool. The principles of operation and simulation case studies are
discussed in detail. The comparison is made in terms of rise time, fall time,
peak overshoot and steady state error.
International Journal of Engineering and Science Invention (IJESI) is an international journal intended for professionals and researchers in all fields of computer science and electronics. IJESI publishes research articles and reviews within the whole field Engineering Science and Technology, new teaching methods, assessment, validation and the impact of new technologies and it will continue to provide information on the latest trends and developments in this ever-expanding subject. The publications of papers are selected through double peer reviewed to ensure originality, relevance, and readability. The articles published in our journal can be accessed online.
Similar to Stability and Dynamic Response of Analog and Digital Control loops of Bidirectional buck-boost Converter for Renewable Energy Applications (20)
Custom Hardware and Software Integration: Bluetooth Based Wireless Thermal P...Springer
In this paper, the communication between
Arduino Mega microcontroller and mini thermal printer is
implemented by hardware and software integration. The
microcontroller is programmed to transfer the data from
microcontroller to printer using a serial communication
protocol such as universal asynchronous receiver and
transmitter (UART) via Serial communication devices such as
MAX232 converter, DB9 connector which is nothing but RS232
serial port, and universal serial bus (USB) communication port.
Data sent by the microcontroller is made to print from the
printer and it is shown in the result section. Digital pins '3' and
'4' on the microcontroller are used as virtual Rx and Tx serial
lines while leaving the main serial port open for debugging
purposes. Interfacing between UART of microcontroller,
MAX232, serial port, and the USB port of printer are well
established with the complete schematic diagram. The mini
thermal printer prints whatever is sent by the microcontroller.
A simple code similar to the one used for the serial monitor
works for the printer. The baud rate needs to be set at 9600 for
the microcontroller to communicate with the printer. The
system is designed to print data wirelessly using Bluetooth HC05 for restaurant and hospital management applications. The
system has high adaptability. It can be used in many situations
not only for restaurant and hospital management.
Implementation of IoT in Agriculture: A Scientific Approach for Smart Irriga...Springer
This document describes an IoT-based smart irrigation prototype that was designed and implemented. The prototype automatically turns a motor pump on and off based on soil moisture levels, taking into account temperature and humidity. It uses an ESP32 microcontroller connected to DHT11 and moisture sensors. The data is sent to the Arduino IoT cloud via MQTT protocol and can be accessed worldwide. Test data from the prototype over the cloud and locally is presented. The document also provides background on IoT architectures and protocols, and discusses related work on smart agriculture applications using IoT and machine learning.
Real Time Object Detection System with YOLO and CNN Models: A ReviewSpringer
The field of artificial intelligence is built on object detection techniques. YOU ONLY LOOK
ONCE (YOLO) algorithm and it's more evolved versions are briefly described in this research survey. This
survey is all about YOLO and convolution neural networks (CNN) in the direction of real time object detection.
YOLO does generalized object representation more effectively without precision losses than other object
detection models. CNN architecture models have the ability to eliminate highlights and identify objects in any
given image. When implemented appropriately, CNN models can address issues like deformity diagnosis,
creating educational or instructive application, etc. This article reached at number of observations and
perspective findings through the analysis. Also it provides support for the focused visual information and
feature extraction in the financial and other industries, highlights the method of target detection and feature
selection, and briefly describes the development process of yolo algorithm
Implementation of Tiny Machine Learning Models on Arduino 33 – BLE for Gestur...Springer
This document discusses the implementation of gesture recognition and speech recognition applications using Tiny Machine Learning (TinyML) models on an Arduino Nano 33 BLE Sense board. The authors trained TinyML models using the EdgeImpulse framework to recognize hand gestures and speech commands. For gesture recognition, the model could detect wave and flex motions of the hand. For speech recognition, the model controlled an RGB LED on the Arduino board to light up red, green or blue based on the keyword spoken. Implementing machine learning capabilities on embedded devices using TinyML frameworks allows low power usage and local computing while integrating sensors for human-computer interaction applications.
Bidirectional DC-DC converter circuits and smart control algorithms_ a review...Springer
The entire article has been dedicated to cover the current state of the art in bidirectional DC-DC converter topologies and its smart control algorithms, identified the research gaps and concluded with the motivation for taking up the work. It covers the literature survey of bidirectional buck–boost DC-DC converters, and control schemes are carried out on two aspects, one is on topology perspective and another one is on control schemes. Different topologies with and without transformers of bidirectional DC-DC converters are discussed. Non-isolated converters establish the DC path between input and output sides while transformer-based converters cancel the DC path in between input and output sides since it introduces AC line between two DC lines just like in flyback converter. Transformer-less converter is preferred when there is no much protection needed for load from high voltage levels, also these converters are used in high-power applications. The bidirectional DC-DC converter can switch the power between two DC sources and the load. To do so, it has to use proper control schemes and control algorithms. It can store the excess energy in batteries or in super capacitors. In contrast, isolated topologies contain transformers in their circuits. Due to this, it offers advantages like safeguarding sensitive loads from high power which is at input side. In addition to it, multiple input and output ports can be established. With the isolation in DC-DC converters, input and output sections are separated from electrical stand point of view. With isolation, both input and output sections will not be having common ground point. The DC path is removed with isolation due to usage of transformer in DC-DC converters. In contrast to its features, it is capable to be used in low-power applications since transformer is switching at high frequency, the size of the coil reduces and hence it can handle limited rate of current. The bidirectional DC-DC converters are categorized based on isolation property so-called isolated bidirectional converters. Features and applications of each topology are presented. Comparative analysis w.r.t research gaps between all the topologies is presented. Also the scope of control schemes with artificial intelligence is discussed. Pros and cons of each control scheme, i.e. research gaps in control schemes and impact of control scheme for bidirectional DC-DC converters, are also presented.
Microcontroller based bidirectional buck–boost converter for photo-voltaic po...Springer
A common configuration for a stand-alone PV power system may consist of three converters: a buck converter for the PV panel
to charge the battery, a boost converter for the battery to discharge to the load and one for the load voltage regulation. Such a system
requires a coordinated control scheme for three converters which can be complicated. A simple structure for a stand-alone PV plant
consists of a PV array, a battery unit, and its associated bidirectional converter which is a combination of a buck and boost converter.
When controlled properly the system can provide uninterrupted power to the load, despite the intermittent availability of sunlight. In
this paper complete design of the converter is carried out and the simulation has been performed using Psim. From the simulation,
the graphs are presented to show the converter working in buck mode and boost mode. Controller is designed to take care of mode
transition, buck to boost and boost to buck mode automatically based on source voltage. Hardware implementation has been done
using microcontroller (8051).
Presentation of IEEE Slovenia CIS (Computational Intelligence Society) Chapte...University of Maribor
Slides from talk presenting:
Aleš Zamuda: Presentation of IEEE Slovenia CIS (Computational Intelligence Society) Chapter and Networking.
Presentation at IcETRAN 2024 session:
"Inter-Society Networking Panel GRSS/MTT-S/CIS
Panel Session: Promoting Connection and Cooperation"
IEEE Slovenia GRSS
IEEE Serbia and Montenegro MTT-S
IEEE Slovenia CIS
11TH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON ELECTRICAL, ELECTRONIC AND COMPUTING ENGINEERING
3-6 June 2024, Niš, Serbia
A SYSTEMATIC RISK ASSESSMENT APPROACH FOR SECURING THE SMART IRRIGATION SYSTEMSIJNSA Journal
The smart irrigation system represents an innovative approach to optimize water usage in agricultural and landscaping practices. The integration of cutting-edge technologies, including sensors, actuators, and data analysis, empowers this system to provide accurate monitoring and control of irrigation processes by leveraging real-time environmental conditions. The main objective of a smart irrigation system is to optimize water efficiency, minimize expenses, and foster the adoption of sustainable water management methods. This paper conducts a systematic risk assessment by exploring the key components/assets and their functionalities in the smart irrigation system. The crucial role of sensors in gathering data on soil moisture, weather patterns, and plant well-being is emphasized in this system. These sensors enable intelligent decision-making in irrigation scheduling and water distribution, leading to enhanced water efficiency and sustainable water management practices. Actuators enable automated control of irrigation devices, ensuring precise and targeted water delivery to plants. Additionally, the paper addresses the potential threat and vulnerabilities associated with smart irrigation systems. It discusses limitations of the system, such as power constraints and computational capabilities, and calculates the potential security risks. The paper suggests possible risk treatment methods for effective secure system operation. In conclusion, the paper emphasizes the significant benefits of implementing smart irrigation systems, including improved water conservation, increased crop yield, and reduced environmental impact. Additionally, based on the security analysis conducted, the paper recommends the implementation of countermeasures and security approaches to address vulnerabilities and ensure the integrity and reliability of the system. By incorporating these measures, smart irrigation technology can revolutionize water management practices in agriculture, promoting sustainability, resource efficiency, and safeguarding against potential security threats.
CHINA’S GEO-ECONOMIC OUTREACH IN CENTRAL ASIAN COUNTRIES AND FUTURE PROSPECTjpsjournal1
The rivalry between prominent international actors for dominance over Central Asia's hydrocarbon
reserves and the ancient silk trade route, along with China's diplomatic endeavours in the area, has been
referred to as the "New Great Game." This research centres on the power struggle, considering
geopolitical, geostrategic, and geoeconomic variables. Topics including trade, political hegemony, oil
politics, and conventional and nontraditional security are all explored and explained by the researcher.
Using Mackinder's Heartland, Spykman Rimland, and Hegemonic Stability theories, examines China's role
in Central Asia. This study adheres to the empirical epistemological method and has taken care of
objectivity. This study analyze primary and secondary research documents critically to elaborate role of
china’s geo economic outreach in central Asian countries and its future prospect. China is thriving in trade,
pipeline politics, and winning states, according to this study, thanks to important instruments like the
Shanghai Cooperation Organisation and the Belt and Road Economic Initiative. According to this study,
China is seeing significant success in commerce, pipeline politics, and gaining influence on other
governments. This success may be attributed to the effective utilisation of key tools such as the Shanghai
Cooperation Organisation and the Belt and Road Economic Initiative.
Optimizing Gradle Builds - Gradle DPE Tour Berlin 2024Sinan KOZAK
Sinan from the Delivery Hero mobile infrastructure engineering team shares a deep dive into performance acceleration with Gradle build cache optimizations. Sinan shares their journey into solving complex build-cache problems that affect Gradle builds. By understanding the challenges and solutions found in our journey, we aim to demonstrate the possibilities for faster builds. The case study reveals how overlapping outputs and cache misconfigurations led to significant increases in build times, especially as the project scaled up with numerous modules using Paparazzi tests. The journey from diagnosing to defeating cache issues offers invaluable lessons on maintaining cache integrity without sacrificing functionality.
Comparative analysis between traditional aquaponics and reconstructed aquapon...bijceesjournal
The aquaponic system of planting is a method that does not require soil usage. It is a method that only needs water, fish, lava rocks (a substitute for soil), and plants. Aquaponic systems are sustainable and environmentally friendly. Its use not only helps to plant in small spaces but also helps reduce artificial chemical use and minimizes excess water use, as aquaponics consumes 90% less water than soil-based gardening. The study applied a descriptive and experimental design to assess and compare conventional and reconstructed aquaponic methods for reproducing tomatoes. The researchers created an observation checklist to determine the significant factors of the study. The study aims to determine the significant difference between traditional aquaponics and reconstructed aquaponics systems propagating tomatoes in terms of height, weight, girth, and number of fruits. The reconstructed aquaponics system’s higher growth yield results in a much more nourished crop than the traditional aquaponics system. It is superior in its number of fruits, height, weight, and girth measurement. Moreover, the reconstructed aquaponics system is proven to eliminate all the hindrances present in the traditional aquaponics system, which are overcrowding of fish, algae growth, pest problems, contaminated water, and dead fish.
International Conference on NLP, Artificial Intelligence, Machine Learning an...gerogepatton
International Conference on NLP, Artificial Intelligence, Machine Learning and Applications (NLAIM 2024) offers a premier global platform for exchanging insights and findings in the theory, methodology, and applications of NLP, Artificial Intelligence, Machine Learning, and their applications. The conference seeks substantial contributions across all key domains of NLP, Artificial Intelligence, Machine Learning, and their practical applications, aiming to foster both theoretical advancements and real-world implementations. With a focus on facilitating collaboration between researchers and practitioners from academia and industry, the conference serves as a nexus for sharing the latest developments in the field.
Electric vehicle and photovoltaic advanced roles in enhancing the financial p...IJECEIAES
Climate change's impact on the planet forced the United Nations and governments to promote green energies and electric transportation. The deployments of photovoltaic (PV) and electric vehicle (EV) systems gained stronger momentum due to their numerous advantages over fossil fuel types. The advantages go beyond sustainability to reach financial support and stability. The work in this paper introduces the hybrid system between PV and EV to support industrial and commercial plants. This paper covers the theoretical framework of the proposed hybrid system including the required equation to complete the cost analysis when PV and EV are present. In addition, the proposed design diagram which sets the priorities and requirements of the system is presented. The proposed approach allows setup to advance their power stability, especially during power outages. The presented information supports researchers and plant owners to complete the necessary analysis while promoting the deployment of clean energy. The result of a case study that represents a dairy milk farmer supports the theoretical works and highlights its advanced benefits to existing plants. The short return on investment of the proposed approach supports the paper's novelty approach for the sustainable electrical system. In addition, the proposed system allows for an isolated power setup without the need for a transmission line which enhances the safety of the electrical network
Introduction- e - waste – definition - sources of e-waste– hazardous substances in e-waste - effects of e-waste on environment and human health- need for e-waste management– e-waste handling rules - waste minimization techniques for managing e-waste – recycling of e-waste - disposal treatment methods of e- waste – mechanism of extraction of precious metal from leaching solution-global Scenario of E-waste – E-waste in India- case studies.