St. Paul's Cathedral in London has stood on the same site since 604 AD, with five churches built successively. The current cathedral was designed by Christopher Wren after the previous Gothic cathedral was destroyed in the Great Fire of London in 1666. Wren's design features a dome second only in size to St. Peter's Basilica, as well as a Baroque interior. Notable features include the Whispering Gallery and Golden Gallery atop the dome, and the tomb of John Donne in the nave.
The Crystal palace, an example of victorian architecture. Sir Joseph Paxton who was the architect of this and created a revolution bt made this structure with cast iron and glass. Though it doesn't exist anymore, for the cause of fire in 1936.
This building was served for exhibition purpose.More than 14,000 exhibitors from around the world gathered in its 990,000-square-foot (92,000 m2) exhibition space to display examples of technology developed in the Industrial Revolution.
A ppt on Baroque style and its architectural features, with St.Paul's Cathedral as an example of that period.
Its structural features etc.
Like if this helped you and suggest for ppts on other topics
All the data is collected from net and may overlap with other ppts here and data from sites like wikepedia, etc.
Neoclassical style produced both as a reaction against the Rococo style of anti-tectonic naturalistic ornament, and an outgrowth of some classicizing features of Late Baroque.
The Crystal palace, an example of victorian architecture. Sir Joseph Paxton who was the architect of this and created a revolution bt made this structure with cast iron and glass. Though it doesn't exist anymore, for the cause of fire in 1936.
This building was served for exhibition purpose.More than 14,000 exhibitors from around the world gathered in its 990,000-square-foot (92,000 m2) exhibition space to display examples of technology developed in the Industrial Revolution.
A ppt on Baroque style and its architectural features, with St.Paul's Cathedral as an example of that period.
Its structural features etc.
Like if this helped you and suggest for ppts on other topics
All the data is collected from net and may overlap with other ppts here and data from sites like wikepedia, etc.
Neoclassical style produced both as a reaction against the Rococo style of anti-tectonic naturalistic ornament, and an outgrowth of some classicizing features of Late Baroque.
Romanesque architecture appeared in France at the end of the 10th century, with the development of feudal society and the rise and spread of monastic orders, particularly the Dominicans, which built many important abbeys and monasteries in the style. It continued to dominate religious architecture until the appearance of French Gothic architecture in the Ile-de-France between about 1140-1150.
Distinctive features of French romansque architecture include thick walls with small windows, rounded arches; a long nave covered with barrel vaults; and the use of the groin vault at the intersection of two barrel vaults, all supported by massive columns; a level of tribunes above the galleries on the ground floor, and small windows above the tribunes; and rows of exterior buttresses supporting the walls. Churches commonly had a cupola over the transept, supported by four adjoining arches; one or more large square towers, and a semi-circular apse with radiating small chapels. Decoration usually included very ornate sculpted capitals on columns and an elaborate semi-circular sculpted tympanum, usually illustrating the Last Judgement, over the main portal. Interior decoration often included murals covering the walls, colored tiles, and early stained glass windows. Late in the 12th century, the rib vault began to appear, particularly in churches in Normandy and Paris, introducing the transition to the Gothic style.
There are also present the some epic examples of churches of french romanesque architechture.
1. The Church of St. Trophime in Arles
2. The Abbey of Saint-Gilles-du-Gard
3. The Basilica of St. Sernin
4. The Abbey Church of Sainte Foy
5. Le Puy Cathedral
sir christopher wren and works,Sir christopher wren is the greatest British architect,sir christopher wren's history,biography& history of buildings,The Monument toThe Great Fire of London,Trinity College,Wren Building,Wren Libary,St.Paul’s Cathedral,Royal Observatory.this were designed by sir christopher wren.The greatest British architect of all time was born in East Knoyle, Wiltshire,london. sir christopher wren is renaissance architecture in england.
Wren was born in Wiltshire England in 1632. •He attended Wadham College, in Oxford, starting in 1649. •He was made the Gresham Professor of Astronomy in 1657. •He became an architect around 1661. •He died London, England, in 1723.
“With its twin Baroque towers soaring over the Praza do Obradoiro, this monument to St James is a majestic sight, as befits one of the great shrines of Christendom. The core of the present building dates from the 11-13C and stands on the site of the 9C basilica built by Alfonso II, Behind the Baroque façade and through the original Portico da Gloria is the same interior that met pilgrims in medieval times.” Eyewitness”
“The grand heart of Santiago, the cathedral soars above the city in a splendid jumble of spires and sculpture. Built piecemeal over several centuries, its beauty is a mix of the original Romanesque structure (constructed between 1075 and 1211) and later Gothic and baroque flourishes. The tomb of Santiago beneath the main altar is a magnet for all who come here. The cathedral's artistic high point is the Pórtico de la Gloria inside the west entrance, featuring 200 masterly Romanesque sculptures.” Lonely Planet
Ethnobotany and Ethnopharmacology:
Ethnobotany in herbal drug evaluation,
Impact of Ethnobotany in traditional medicine,
New development in herbals,
Bio-prospecting tools for drug discovery,
Role of Ethnopharmacology in drug evaluation,
Reverse Pharmacology.
How to Create Map Views in the Odoo 17 ERPCeline George
The map views are useful for providing a geographical representation of data. They allow users to visualize and analyze the data in a more intuitive manner.
This is a presentation by Dada Robert in a Your Skill Boost masterclass organised by the Excellence Foundation for South Sudan (EFSS) on Saturday, the 25th and Sunday, the 26th of May 2024.
He discussed the concept of quality improvement, emphasizing its applicability to various aspects of life, including personal, project, and program improvements. He defined quality as doing the right thing at the right time in the right way to achieve the best possible results and discussed the concept of the "gap" between what we know and what we do, and how this gap represents the areas we need to improve. He explained the scientific approach to quality improvement, which involves systematic performance analysis, testing and learning, and implementing change ideas. He also highlighted the importance of client focus and a team approach to quality improvement.
Operation “Blue Star” is the only event in the history of Independent India where the state went into war with its own people. Even after about 40 years it is not clear if it was culmination of states anger over people of the region, a political game of power or start of dictatorial chapter in the democratic setup.
The people of Punjab felt alienated from main stream due to denial of their just demands during a long democratic struggle since independence. As it happen all over the word, it led to militant struggle with great loss of lives of military, police and civilian personnel. Killing of Indira Gandhi and massacre of innocent Sikhs in Delhi and other India cities was also associated with this movement.
Instructions for Submissions thorugh G- Classroom.pptxJheel Barad
This presentation provides a briefing on how to upload submissions and documents in Google Classroom. It was prepared as part of an orientation for new Sainik School in-service teacher trainees. As a training officer, my goal is to ensure that you are comfortable and proficient with this essential tool for managing assignments and fostering student engagement.
Synthetic Fiber Construction in lab .pptxPavel ( NSTU)
Synthetic fiber production is a fascinating and complex field that blends chemistry, engineering, and environmental science. By understanding these aspects, students can gain a comprehensive view of synthetic fiber production, its impact on society and the environment, and the potential for future innovations. Synthetic fibers play a crucial role in modern society, impacting various aspects of daily life, industry, and the environment. ynthetic fibers are integral to modern life, offering a range of benefits from cost-effectiveness and versatility to innovative applications and performance characteristics. While they pose environmental challenges, ongoing research and development aim to create more sustainable and eco-friendly alternatives. Understanding the importance of synthetic fibers helps in appreciating their role in the economy, industry, and daily life, while also emphasizing the need for sustainable practices and innovation.
The Roman Empire A Historical Colossus.pdfkaushalkr1407
The Roman Empire, a vast and enduring power, stands as one of history's most remarkable civilizations, leaving an indelible imprint on the world. It emerged from the Roman Republic, transitioning into an imperial powerhouse under the leadership of Augustus Caesar in 27 BCE. This transformation marked the beginning of an era defined by unprecedented territorial expansion, architectural marvels, and profound cultural influence.
The empire's roots lie in the city of Rome, founded, according to legend, by Romulus in 753 BCE. Over centuries, Rome evolved from a small settlement to a formidable republic, characterized by a complex political system with elected officials and checks on power. However, internal strife, class conflicts, and military ambitions paved the way for the end of the Republic. Julius Caesar’s dictatorship and subsequent assassination in 44 BCE created a power vacuum, leading to a civil war. Octavian, later Augustus, emerged victorious, heralding the Roman Empire’s birth.
Under Augustus, the empire experienced the Pax Romana, a 200-year period of relative peace and stability. Augustus reformed the military, established efficient administrative systems, and initiated grand construction projects. The empire's borders expanded, encompassing territories from Britain to Egypt and from Spain to the Euphrates. Roman legions, renowned for their discipline and engineering prowess, secured and maintained these vast territories, building roads, fortifications, and cities that facilitated control and integration.
The Roman Empire’s society was hierarchical, with a rigid class system. At the top were the patricians, wealthy elites who held significant political power. Below them were the plebeians, free citizens with limited political influence, and the vast numbers of slaves who formed the backbone of the economy. The family unit was central, governed by the paterfamilias, the male head who held absolute authority.
Culturally, the Romans were eclectic, absorbing and adapting elements from the civilizations they encountered, particularly the Greeks. Roman art, literature, and philosophy reflected this synthesis, creating a rich cultural tapestry. Latin, the Roman language, became the lingua franca of the Western world, influencing numerous modern languages.
Roman architecture and engineering achievements were monumental. They perfected the arch, vault, and dome, constructing enduring structures like the Colosseum, Pantheon, and aqueducts. These engineering marvels not only showcased Roman ingenuity but also served practical purposes, from public entertainment to water supply.
3. St. Paul's Cathedral in London is the seat of the Bishop of London and a
major London landmark. It is located on Ludgate Hill in the financial
district known as the City of London.
Location
4. Five different churches were
built at this site. The first
church, dedicated to the
apostle Paul, dates back to
604 AD, when King
Ethelbert of Kent built a
wooden church on the
summit of one of London's
hills for Mellitus, Bishop of
the East Saxons. The
Cathedral of Saint Paul has
been in existence, in various
buildings, since 1841.
5. The Great Fire The year 1666 was
catastrophic for London
and St Paul’s Cathedral.
The catastrophic blaze
consumed the cathedral
which had stood at the
heart of London life for
over five hundred years.
Tens of thousands
around the city were
made homeless.
6. In 1669, three years after the fire, Christopher Wren was appointed
'Surveyor of Works' and was tasked with the construction of a new
church to replace the destroyed Gothic cathedral. His first design
was deemed too modest. In his second design, known as the 'Great
Model', the cathedral was shaped like a Greek cross, with a portico,
Corinthian columns and a striking large dome.
7. Sir Christopher Wren,
the architect of the
cathedral, was fittingly
the first person to be
buried here, in 1723.
The inscription on his
burial slab states,
"Reader, if you seek his
memorial, look all
around you." Look for
Wren's tomb all the
way to the east end of
the crypt, under the
altar.
8.
9. The exterior
Exterior features of interest include the 180-foot-long West Front, with its main
entrance and columned portico surmounted by an upper colonnade, as well as the
statue of St. Paul above the pediment, and the two flanking statues of Saints James
and Peter. On either side of the portico are two Baroque towers - the West Towers
- one of which houses a peal of 12 bells, the other the largest bell in England, Great
Paul.
10. The Interior
The Baroque interior is just as imposing as the exterior of the
church. The design is based on a sketch created by Wren.
The only monument in the church that survived the fire of
1666 is the tomb of John Donne, from 1631.
11. The exterior dome reaches a height of 111 meters and weighs about
66,000 tons. Eight arches support the dome. On top of the dome is a
large lantern. 560 steps lead visitors along three galleries all the way
to the top of the dome.
12. The first gallery, the Whispering Gallery, just inside the dome, is
renowned for its acoustics. The second gallery, the Stone Gallery, is
situated on the outside of the dome. On top of the dome is the
narrow Golden Gallery, which encircles the lantern's base.
13. The interior dome of the Cathedral is just as impressive as the exterior:
warm-colored paint and gold leaf. The glass windows bathe the
church in light. Nave- the long main section you walk along after
entering the cathedral - that visitors get their first breathtaking
glimpse of the interior of the
Dome.
14. St. Paul's is also
home to a
number of
interesting
chapels, most of
them accessible
from the nave.
All of them are
used for smaller
services, prayer
and reflection.
15. The West Facade
The impressive facade
at the west side of
the church consists
of a large portico
and pediment. A
relief on the
tympanum depicts
the conversion of
Paul and was
created in 1706.
The portico is
flanked by two
towers which
weren't part of the
original plan. Wren
added them at the
last minute, in
1707.
A statue of St.
Paul stands
atop the west
front facade.
16. The Cathedral Collections
The Cathedral Library houses St. Paul's superb collection of more
than 21,000 books and manuscripts dating from 1690. The items
have been carefully maintained. They include the library, the object collection
(archaeological stones, paintings and models) and the architectural archive.
'Of making many books there is no end'
17. Henry Compton, Bishop of London,
bequeathed his own collection of
several thousand volumes and the
Commissioners bought many more.
The collection has continued to grow.
18. Facts
• As one of the famous and important buildings in London, St. Paul’s
Cathedral are also often appear to be the location of filming, three of
whom are Harry Potter and the Prisoner of Azkaban, Sherlock Holmes,
and Star Trek Into Darkness.
• You can buy tickets for sightseeing tours St. Paul’s Cathedral to explore
the cathedral floor area including basement and also climbed to the dome
with an audio headset or guided by an experienced guide.
• The crypt of St Paul’s Cathedral is the largest in Europe and can
accommodate up to 250 guests for a seated dinner and 350 for a standing
reception.
• St. Paul’s Cathedral has it own website where you can buy tickets to St.
Paul's Cathedral and other stuff: guidebooks, gifts, CDs, prints.