- The document is an outline for a grammar book about Spanish verbs and tenses. - It lists and briefly describes stem changes, irregular verbs like "saber" and "conocer", reflexive verbs, impersonal verbs, diphthongs with accents, verbs ending in -uir/guir, -cer/cir, -ger/gir. - It also covers uses of "hace + ___ + gusta", differences between "ser" and "estar", and explanations of the imperfect tense.

1. Ema McDaniel Grammar Book

2. Present Stem Changes Irregular “yo” Saber vs. Conocer Reflexive “ se” Impersonals Dipthongs with accents Verbs like… -uir/guir, cer/cir, ger/gir Hace +___+ gusta Ser vs. estar Imperfecto Tabla de Contenidos

3. -ar o as a emos ais an Presente -ar, -er, -ir Los verbos regulares en el presente: -er o es e emos eis en -ir o es e imos is en

4. “ e” se convierte a “ie” “ e” se convierte a “i” “ o” se convierte a “ue” “ u” se convierte a “ue” * Ojo != No se cambian en el nosotros ni vosotros sol amente en “la bota”

5. Ir Iba Ibas Iba Ibamos Iban Ser Era Eras Era Eramos Eran Ver Veia Veias Veia Veiamos Veiran

6. Saber To know facts Conocer To know people Saber vs. Conocer

7. Los Reflexivos me te se nos os se Reflexives are what are reflected upon oneself or others.

8. “ Se Impersonal” Passive voice Se habla espanol Reciprocal action “ each other” Nos vemos

9. Dipthongs Used when a weak vowel (i, y or u) and a strong vowel (a, e or o) or two weak vowels come together to form one syllable. Ex: esquiar- to ski Yo- esqu io Nos- esquiamos Tu- esquias Vos- esquiais El, ella, usd- esquia Ellos- esquian * Estudiar and limpiar- There is no accent stress on the “i”.

10. Verbs like… -uir/guir, cer/cir, ger/gir

11. Hace +___+ gusta

12. Ser vs. Estar Soy Eres Es Somos Sois son Estoy Estas Esta Estamos Estais Estan DOCTER PED Descriptions, origin, characteristics, time, occupation, relationships, possession, events, dates HELPING Health, emotion, location, present condition, -ing

13. Imperfecto -ar Yo- aba Tu- abas El, ella, ud.-aba Nosotros- abamos Uds.- aban yo- ia Tu- ias El, ella, ud- ia Nosotros- iamos Uds- ian *uncompleted action, no definite beginning or end, descriptive tense- who, what, where, and when