The document discusses the nature and sources of social history. It states that social history emerged in the 19th century to study ordinary people's lives rather than elites. Social historians use sources like government records, interviews, artifacts and more to understand people's experiences. Social history intersects with fields like sociology and anthropology. It examines categories like family, gender, labor and more. The relationship between history and social history is that history studies major events while social history places them in a social context.
Class struggle By Karl Marx ppt
presentation on Karl marx theory class struggle.
definition, stages, types. and criticism.
classical sociological theory
1. Evolution of Historiography from Fifth to Nineteenth Century
2. Greek and Roman Historiography
3. Christian, Renaissance and Reformation Historiography
4. Cartesian and Anti-Cartesian Historiography
5. Enlightenment and Romanticist Historiography
6. Positive Historiography
7. Scientific Historiography
Class struggle By Karl Marx ppt
presentation on Karl marx theory class struggle.
definition, stages, types. and criticism.
classical sociological theory
1. Evolution of Historiography from Fifth to Nineteenth Century
2. Greek and Roman Historiography
3. Christian, Renaissance and Reformation Historiography
4. Cartesian and Anti-Cartesian Historiography
5. Enlightenment and Romanticist Historiography
6. Positive Historiography
7. Scientific Historiography
History Subjectivity, Marxist historiography, Marxist historiography, The Communist Party Historians Group in Britain, Nationalist historiography and Subaltern School
Colonial Expansion: Process of Underdevelopmentswarna dey
Colonialism was a system which functioned well in the interests of the metro poles. The colonial rulers extract raw materials and cheap labor at low price from the colonies for the mother countries and trade the manufactured products at high rates. By ignoring the economic development of the colonies, colonization created political, economic, structural, cultural, social obstacles which further created underdevelopment in the colonies that even after independence they can not overcome those negative impacts of colonization. Even in the 20th century the western hegemony prevails in the colonized underdeveloped countries which impede them to become developed.
History Subjectivity, Marxist historiography, Marxist historiography, The Communist Party Historians Group in Britain, Nationalist historiography and Subaltern School
Colonial Expansion: Process of Underdevelopmentswarna dey
Colonialism was a system which functioned well in the interests of the metro poles. The colonial rulers extract raw materials and cheap labor at low price from the colonies for the mother countries and trade the manufactured products at high rates. By ignoring the economic development of the colonies, colonization created political, economic, structural, cultural, social obstacles which further created underdevelopment in the colonies that even after independence they can not overcome those negative impacts of colonization. Even in the 20th century the western hegemony prevails in the colonized underdeveloped countries which impede them to become developed.
History is the past as it is described in written documents, and the study thereof. Events occurring before written records are considered prehistory. "History" is an umbrella term that relates to past events as well as the memory, discovery, collection, organization, presentation, and interpretation of information about these events.
Understanding Culture
Culture & Communication, Classical Dominant Approaches of Communication & Culture
Imperialism, Which Motives Caused Imperialism, Cultural Imperialism, Media & Cultural Imperialism, Two Models of Cultural Imperialism, Contributions to Cultural Imperialism, Defense of Cultural Imperialism by Response Theorists, Post Structuralism Approach of Cultural Imperialism, Theory of Globalization, Critics of U.S Cultural Imperialism Revised Their Earlier Reproaches (World System Theory), New Face of Imperialism, The Media Monopoly by Ben Bagdikian , Cultural Imperialism in Pakistan by Abid Zafar
Communalism is literally understood as the product the societal state, where groups are sorted according to their desires, want to develop its ideology.link https://www.slideshare.net/brursociology/communalism-118635710
Embracing GenAI - A Strategic ImperativePeter Windle
Artificial Intelligence (AI) technologies such as Generative AI, Image Generators and Large Language Models have had a dramatic impact on teaching, learning and assessment over the past 18 months. The most immediate threat AI posed was to Academic Integrity with Higher Education Institutes (HEIs) focusing their efforts on combating the use of GenAI in assessment. Guidelines were developed for staff and students, policies put in place too. Innovative educators have forged paths in the use of Generative AI for teaching, learning and assessments leading to pockets of transformation springing up across HEIs, often with little or no top-down guidance, support or direction.
This Gasta posits a strategic approach to integrating AI into HEIs to prepare staff, students and the curriculum for an evolving world and workplace. We will highlight the advantages of working with these technologies beyond the realm of teaching, learning and assessment by considering prompt engineering skills, industry impact, curriculum changes, and the need for staff upskilling. In contrast, not engaging strategically with Generative AI poses risks, including falling behind peers, missed opportunities and failing to ensure our graduates remain employable. The rapid evolution of AI technologies necessitates a proactive and strategic approach if we are to remain relevant.
June 3, 2024 Anti-Semitism Letter Sent to MIT President Kornbluth and MIT Cor...Levi Shapiro
Letter from the Congress of the United States regarding Anti-Semitism sent June 3rd to MIT President Sally Kornbluth, MIT Corp Chair, Mark Gorenberg
Dear Dr. Kornbluth and Mr. Gorenberg,
The US House of Representatives is deeply concerned by ongoing and pervasive acts of antisemitic
harassment and intimidation at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT). Failing to act decisively to ensure a safe learning environment for all students would be a grave dereliction of your responsibilities as President of MIT and Chair of the MIT Corporation.
This Congress will not stand idly by and allow an environment hostile to Jewish students to persist. The House believes that your institution is in violation of Title VI of the Civil Rights Act, and the inability or
unwillingness to rectify this violation through action requires accountability.
Postsecondary education is a unique opportunity for students to learn and have their ideas and beliefs challenged. However, universities receiving hundreds of millions of federal funds annually have denied
students that opportunity and have been hijacked to become venues for the promotion of terrorism, antisemitic harassment and intimidation, unlawful encampments, and in some cases, assaults and riots.
The House of Representatives will not countenance the use of federal funds to indoctrinate students into hateful, antisemitic, anti-American supporters of terrorism. Investigations into campus antisemitism by the Committee on Education and the Workforce and the Committee on Ways and Means have been expanded into a Congress-wide probe across all relevant jurisdictions to address this national crisis. The undersigned Committees will conduct oversight into the use of federal funds at MIT and its learning environment under authorities granted to each Committee.
• The Committee on Education and the Workforce has been investigating your institution since December 7, 2023. The Committee has broad jurisdiction over postsecondary education, including its compliance with Title VI of the Civil Rights Act, campus safety concerns over disruptions to the learning environment, and the awarding of federal student aid under the Higher Education Act.
• The Committee on Oversight and Accountability is investigating the sources of funding and other support flowing to groups espousing pro-Hamas propaganda and engaged in antisemitic harassment and intimidation of students. The Committee on Oversight and Accountability is the principal oversight committee of the US House of Representatives and has broad authority to investigate “any matter” at “any time” under House Rule X.
• The Committee on Ways and Means has been investigating several universities since November 15, 2023, when the Committee held a hearing entitled From Ivory Towers to Dark Corners: Investigating the Nexus Between Antisemitism, Tax-Exempt Universities, and Terror Financing. The Committee followed the hearing with letters to those institutions on January 10, 202
Operation “Blue Star” is the only event in the history of Independent India where the state went into war with its own people. Even after about 40 years it is not clear if it was culmination of states anger over people of the region, a political game of power or start of dictatorial chapter in the democratic setup.
The people of Punjab felt alienated from main stream due to denial of their just demands during a long democratic struggle since independence. As it happen all over the word, it led to militant struggle with great loss of lives of military, police and civilian personnel. Killing of Indira Gandhi and massacre of innocent Sikhs in Delhi and other India cities was also associated with this movement.
Acetabularia Information For Class 9 .docxvaibhavrinwa19
Acetabularia acetabulum is a single-celled green alga that in its vegetative state is morphologically differentiated into a basal rhizoid and an axially elongated stalk, which bears whorls of branching hairs. The single diploid nucleus resides in the rhizoid.
Read| The latest issue of The Challenger is here! We are thrilled to announce that our school paper has qualified for the NATIONAL SCHOOLS PRESS CONFERENCE (NSPC) 2024. Thank you for your unwavering support and trust. Dive into the stories that made us stand out!
The French Revolution, which began in 1789, was a period of radical social and political upheaval in France. It marked the decline of absolute monarchies, the rise of secular and democratic republics, and the eventual rise of Napoleon Bonaparte. This revolutionary period is crucial in understanding the transition from feudalism to modernity in Europe.
For more information, visit-www.vavaclasses.com
Synthetic Fiber Construction in lab .pptxPavel ( NSTU)
Synthetic fiber production is a fascinating and complex field that blends chemistry, engineering, and environmental science. By understanding these aspects, students can gain a comprehensive view of synthetic fiber production, its impact on society and the environment, and the potential for future innovations. Synthetic fibers play a crucial role in modern society, impacting various aspects of daily life, industry, and the environment. ynthetic fibers are integral to modern life, offering a range of benefits from cost-effectiveness and versatility to innovative applications and performance characteristics. While they pose environmental challenges, ongoing research and development aim to create more sustainable and eco-friendly alternatives. Understanding the importance of synthetic fibers helps in appreciating their role in the economy, industry, and daily life, while also emphasizing the need for sustainable practices and innovation.
BÀI TẬP BỔ TRỢ TIẾNG ANH GLOBAL SUCCESS LỚP 3 - CẢ NĂM (CÓ FILE NGHE VÀ ĐÁP Á...
Sources of social history
1. SOCIAL HISTORY
Ram Proshad Barman
Lecturer
Department of sociology
Begum Rokeya University, Rangpur
Bangladesh
Email;:proshadram2400@gmail.Com
2. SOURCES OF SOCIAL HISTORY
o Sources produced by government or administrative agencies, broadly defined
o Nongovernmental sources or those created by private groups and individuals, including
businesses;
o Researcher-generated sources, including interviews and oral histories; and
o Nonwritten sources and artifacts
3. NATURE OF SOCIAL HISTORY
• Emerged as a field in the mid 19th century as a reaction to older fields-political,
diplomatic history
• The history of great men and great ideas—that, in their focus on elites, failed to
address the historical experiences of the vast majority of the human population
• Social historians, committed to understanding the lives of ordinary people, have
faced particular challenges locating sources
• Across time, most non-elites have had little access to the written word; most of
the textual sources that do yield information about them were created by those
who governed or employed them. Rather than being discouraged by these
challenges, social historians have responded creatively, turning to quantitative
data, material and visual culture, the built environment, and oral histories to
supplement more traditional archival and printed sources.
4. Nature of social history
• Grasping the possibilities and constraints faced by people in the past
inevitably entails grappling with the dynamics of categorization,
consciousness, and mobilization
• The field of social history therefore intersects with the study of
families, childhood, gender, race, labor, religion, crime, poverty,
health, and disability (to name only a few themes). Parallels in our
preoccupations
• Various sources also lead social historians to be in frequent dialogue
with scholarship in the disciplines of sociology, anthropology,
geography and archaeology.
5. RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN HISTORY AND SOCIAL HISTORY
• History is broad and allowing us to experience
different field of history
• Being able to find out what areas , types,
approaches we are more interested and involves
interpreting events from different approaches
• It’s a good option if we are interested to study all
aspects of history
• A historian always applies variety of ways to
analyze events
• It is the study of ‘’big people and events’’ in the
past
• Connection between history and social history is
comparatively interrelated
• Social history is more specialized and about societal
experience
• Helps us to look historical events in social context
• Its better to study society, events related to social
phenomenon
• Often social historian analyze events in a social
Interest
• It considers only how the ‘’regular’’ people lived,
worked and existed
• Social history is basically the lens of history in terms
of social conscience
6. CIVILIZATION
• Generally, civilization is used to indicate a high state of progress, a
certain level of social, cultural, political, economic and technological
evolution that differentiates us from early cultures
• As well as current primitive communities that stay more or less
isolated from what we call the modern world
• We must take into account that the word civilization can be also used
in a broader sense: to denote the set of ideas, knowledge, values,
institutions and achievements of a society at a certain time.
• Archaeological record demonstrates that early humans practiced
nomadism for many thousands of years and had a simple —though
not easy— life as hunter-gatherers.
7. Civilization: John Anthony west
• A society organized upon the conviction that mankind is on earth for
a purpose
• We are concerned with the quality of the inner life rather than with
the conditions of day to day existence
8. CIVILIZATION
• However, at the end of the last Ice Age (circa 10,000 BC) a radical
change occurred and the human population entered a stage of
progressive settlement that altered their strategy for survival: in
addition to hunting and gathering, men began to domesticate plants
and animals, thus becoming farmers and shepherds.
• Archeologist Gordon V. Childe called this process the “Neolithic
Revolution”. And, between 4000 and 3000 BC, after a few millennia of
Neolithic communities which had been developing in several areas of
the world, the first known civilizations appeared, first in Mesopotamia
and soon after in Egypt. Some centuries later, civilization emerged
strongly in other parts of the world: the Indus Valley, China and finally
the New World.
9. This new breakthrough, the so called “Urban Revolution”, was
characterized by several milestones:
• Population was divided into small rural villages and large settlements which
eventually became cities.
• A centralized religious-political power grew in the cities, achieving control over
vast areas and thus creating the first state structures. Administrative apparatus
and legal doctrines were created as a support for these structures.
• The surplus of resources promoted growth and economic exchange, leading to
the development of trade.
• Society was stratified in several levels; there was a progressive specialization of
work, especially in the urban environment.
• Systems of writing appeared as a means of recording and managing information
(a factor that eventually led to the creation of predominant historical cultures).
• There was significant progress in science and technique in general, particularly in
terms of practical application. An important material culture was developed in
various arts and industries.
10. CRITICISM
• we consider civilization as a set of values, knowledge, beliefs or products of a
society, it is clear that the present world is really very complex and
sometimes incomprehensible to the average citizen who has no idea of the
final destination of human development.
• The modern civilized world looks like an astounding technological façade
with no values or spirit behind it, except the materialist motivations.
• In this context, a growing sense of apathy and bewilderment seizes modern
society
• We cannot understand why one day we are fortunate and the next we have
nothing, while many people grow up having nothing at all, not even hope.
The multiple forms of corruption only increase this feeling of astonishment
and indignation.
11. IMPORTANCES OF SOCIAL HISTORY
meant a sense in which we live
• Where do you live?
• Who do they live with ?
• How did they come to live there ?
• Where did they grow up?
• What sort of work do they do?
• How much school have they completed?
• What do they do for fun?
• What are the important relationship in
their lives?
• How did they develop?
• Why do they fail to gain desires?
• Earth, social status, materialistic, happiness, civilized, modern
• Smart, traditional, developed, underdeveloped, conflictual, simple,
common
• Transportation, technology, education, intelligence
• Eastern, Western, Africa, Asia
• Agriculture, religion, business, trade, mobile technology
• Graduation, post graduation, secondary, high school etc.
• Entertainment, problem solution, movie ,theatre
• Solidarity, money, loneliness, independence, safety
• Mechanism , industry, war, weapon, population, resources
• Barriers, complexity, domination, exploitation, lack of devotion
12. HISTORIOGRAPHY
• Study of the methods of historians in developing history as an academic
discipline
• Covers how historians have studied that topic using particular sources,
techniques, approaches i.e. historiography of UK, Canada
• Beginning in the 19th century there developed a body of historiographic
literature
• In the early modern period historiography meant the writing of history and
historiographer meant historian
• In the present century ‘’the study of the way history has ben and is written’’
• When you study historiography you don’t study the events of the past
directly, but the changing interpretations of those events in the works of
individual historians
13. ANTIQUITY
• No historical writers in the early civilizations were known by name
including Mesopotamia and ancient Egypt
• The term "historiography" is taken to refer to written history recorded
in a narrative format for the purpose of informing future generations
about events. In this limited sense, "ancient history" begins with the
early historiography of Classical Antiquity, in about the 5th century
BCE.