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Solid waste management
This document discusses solid waste management in India. It begins by defining solid waste and providing examples. It then discusses the different sources of urban waste and types of solid waste. It notes that India produces over 100 million tons of waste annually, including 7.2 million tons of hazardous waste. The document outlines the steps involved in solid waste management, including reduce, reuse, and recycle as well as discarding waste through landfills, incineration, and composting. It discusses some of the challenges around solid waste management in India and proposes solutions like waste reduction, using recyclable materials, spreading awareness, and applying the 3R approach of reduce, reuse, and recycle.
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Solid waste management
- 1. Presented By:- Vikas Sharma,Vivek Dubey, Nobert D’souza, Suraj, Mairazul, Sk Ahmad.
- 2. TOPICS Introduction. Sources. Types. Waste produced inIndia every year. Effect. Steps involve in SWM. Problems and Solutions. Graphs.
- 3. SOLID WASTE • Solid Waste– objects or particles that accumulate on the site where they are produced. • Solid wastes are any discarded or abandoned materials. Solid wastes can be solid, liquid, semi-solid or containerized gaseous material.
- 4. EXAMPLES OF SOLIDWASTES INCLUDE THE FOLLOWING MATERIALS WHEN DISCARDED: • waste tires • septage • scrap metal • latex paints • furniture and toys • garbage • appliances and vehicles • oil and anti-freeze • empty aerosol cans, paint cans and compressed gas cylinders • Construction and demolition debris, asbestos
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- 6. SOURCES OF URBANWASTES Urban wastes include the following wastes: • Domestic wastes containing a variety of materials thrown out from homes Ex: Food waste, Cloth, Waste paper, Glass bottles, Polythene bags, Waste metals, etc. • Commercial wastes: It includes wastes coming out from shops, markets, hotels, offices, institutions, etc. Ex: Waste paper, packaging material, cans, bottle, polythene bags, etc. • Construction wastes: It includes wastes of construction materials. Ex: Wood, Concrete, Debris, etc. • Biomedical wastes: It includes mostly waste organic materials Ex: Anatomical wastes, Infectious wastes, etc.
- 7. TYPE OF SOLIDWASTE Urban wastes are classified into: • Bio-degradable wastes - Those wastes that can be degraded by micro organisms are called bio-degradable wastes Ex: Food, vegetables, tea leaves, dry leaves, etc. • Non-biodegradable wastes: Urban solid waste materials that cannot be degraded by micro organisms are called non-biodegradable wastes. Ex: Polythene bags, scrap materials, glass bottles, etc.
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- 10. WASTE PRODUCED ININDIA EVERY YEAR
- 11. SOLID WASTE ININDIA • 7.2 million tones of hazardous waste • One Sq. km of additional landfill area every-year • Rs 1600 crore for treatment & disposal of these wastes • In addition to this industries discharge about 150 million tones of high volume low hazard waste every year, which is mostly dumped on open low lying land areas.
- 12. GROWTH OF SOLIDWASTE IN INDIA • Waste is growing by leaps & bounds • In 1981-91, population of Mumbai increased from 8.2 million to 12.3 million • During the same period, municipal solid waste has grown from 3200 tones to 5355 tone, an increase of 67% • Waste collection is very low for all Indian cities • City like Bangalore produces 2000 tones of waste per annum, the ever increasing waste has put pressure on hygienic condition of the city
- 13. WASTE COLLECTION ININDIA • Primarily by the city municipality -No gradation of waste product eg bio-degradable, glasses, polybags, paper shreds etc. -Dumps these wastes to the city outskirts • Local raddiwala / kabadiwala (Rag pickers) -Collecting small iron pieces by magnets -Collecting glass bottles -Collecting paper for recycling • MCD- Sophisticated DWM (Delhi Waste Management) vehicle
- 14. EFFECT OF SOLIDWASTE IN NATURE Due to :- • improper disposal of solid . • Industrial solid. • Toxic substances • Burning of industrial or domestic wastes
- 15. HAZARDOUS / TOXICWASTE & DUMPING SITE • Industrialized countries have waste management problems • Developed countries have strict environment regulation norms • Most attractive option for them- to dump into developing countries
- 16. STEPS INVOLVED INSOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT: Two important steps involved in solid waste management are: • Reduce, Reuse and Recycle of Raw Materials • Discarding wastes Reduce - If usage of raw materials is reduced, the generation of waste also gets reduced Reuse - Refillable containers that are discarded after use can be reused Rubber rings can be made from discarded cycle tubes and this reduces waste generation during manufacture of rubber bands. Recycle- Recycling is the reprocessing of discarded materials into new useful products Ex: Old aluminium cans and glass bottles are melted and recast into new cans and bottles Preparation of cellulose insulation from paper Preparation of automobile body and construction material from steel cans This method (Reduce, Reuse & Recycle), i.e., 3R's help save money, energy, raw materials and reduces pollution.
- 17. CONTINUE :- • DISCARDINGWASTES: The following methods are adopted for discarding wastes: • Landfill • Incineration and • Composting
- 19. PROBLEMS IN DEALINGWITH SOLID WASTE • Unawareness • Collection of waste • Technological interventions • Institutions & regulatory framework • Absence of mandatory standards for waste reduction • Market action for waste reduction
- 20. RECYCLING NOT ASOLUTION TO ALL PROBLEMS! Recycling is not a solution to managing every kind of waste material For many items recycling technologies are unavailable or unsafe In some cases, cost of recycling is too high.
- 21. SOLUTION • Waste Reduction:Stop Throwing Things Out • Waste of one could be input or raw material for others. • Use of recyclable materials. • Spreading awareness about waste product. • Use 3R.
- 22. TERI PROJECTIONS ONWASTE GENERATION IN INDIA