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Soil quality parameters (IGKV RAIPUR, C.G)
- 2. OVERVIEW OIntroduction OConcept of soilquality OImportance of soil quality OTools for assessing soil quality OIndicators for measuring soil quality OSoil quality parameters OManagement of soil quality
- 3. Introduction The ability ofsoil to support crop growth which includes factors such as degree of tillth , aggregation , organic matter content , soil depth , water holding capacity, infiltration rate pH changes, nutrient capacity and so forth Definition
- 4. Soil quality OThe SSSASQ definition to function, within natural or managed ecosystem Soil quality is the capacity of a specific kind of soil boundaries, to sustain plant and animal productivity , maintain or enhance water and air quality, and support human health and habitation (Agronomy News, June 1995)
- 5. Concept of soilquality ODevelopment of soil quality concept : warkentin and Fletcher (1977) Ohighly productive land Osustaining or enhancing productivity, Omaximizing profits, Omaintaining the soil Oresource for future generations; Ofor consumers Healthful Ofor naturalists Oor the environmentalist
- 6. Tools for assessingsoil quality OSoil quality is an assessment of how well soil performs all of its functions. OIt cannot be determined by measuring only crop yield, water quality, or any other single outcome OThe quality of a soil is an assessment of how it performs all of its functions now and how those functions are being preserved for future use
- 7. Couti… O Soil qualitycannot be measured directly, so we evaluate indicators. O Indicators are measurable properties of soil or plants that provide clues about how well the soil can function. O Indicators can be physical, chemical, and biological characteristics. O Useful indicators : Are easy to measure O Measure changes in soil functions O encompass chemical, biological, and physical properties
- 8. Conti… OAre accessible tomany users and applicable to field conditions OAre sensitive to variations in climate and management
- 9. Importance of Soilquality O First using a soil improperly can damage it and the ecosystem ; therefor we need to match our use and management of the land to the soil’s capability O Second, we need to establish a baseline understanding about soil quality so that we can recognize changes as they develop . O By using baselines to determine if soil quality is deteriorating, stable , or improving , we have a good indicator of the health of an ecosystem
- 10. PHYSICAL OSoil structure ODepth ofsoil OInfiltration and bulk density OWater holding capacity
- 11. Indicator Relationship toSoil Health Retention and transport of water and nutrients Habitat for microbes Estimate of crop productivity potential Compaction, plow pan, water movement Porosity Workability
- 12. CHEMICAL OIndicator Relationship toSoil Health OpH OElectrical conductivity OExtractable N-P-K OBiological and chemical activity thresholds OPlant and microbial activity thresholds OPlant available nutrients and potential for N and P loss.
- 13. BIOLOGICAL OIndicator Relationship toSoil Health OMicrobial biomass C and N OPotentially mineralizableN Soil respiration. OMicrobial catalytic potential and repository for C and N OSoil productivity and N supplying potential OMicrobial activity measure
- 14. Soil Organic Matter (SOM) OIndicatorRelationship to Soil Health Soil fertility Structure OStability Nutrient retention OSoil erosion.
- 15. MANAGING FOR SOIL QUALITY OEnhanceorganic matter. OAvoid excessive tillage. OCarefully manage fertilizer and pesticide use. OIncrease ground cover OIncrease plant diversity OPrevent soil compaction
- 16. Soil quality parameter OAggregatestability OBulk density OCation exchange capacity OInfiltration OOrganic matter OpH
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