Soil formation is influenced by several factors including climate, topography, biological activity, and the underlying parent rock. The speed of soil formation increases in warmer climates with more biological and chemical activity. Sloping landscapes result in thinner soils than flat areas. Over long periods of time, ranging from hundreds to thousands of years, the weathering of rocks and decay of organic matter creates distinct soil layers and types tailored to the local environment. In India, the major soil types include forest and mountain soils, alluvial soils, red and yellow soils, black soils, laterite soils, and arid soils. Kerala soils consist of alluvial soils, laterite soils, forest soils, and red and black soils. Conservation

2. NAME OF THE STUDENT TEACHER : LISSMOL T
SUBJECT : GEOGRAPHY
ROLL NO : 26
EMMANUEL COLLEGE OF B. ED TRAINING VAZHICHAL

3. SOIL FORMATION

5.  Pedology is the branch of science
that deals with soil.
 The scientists associated with this
branch are called pedologists.

6. FACTORS INFLUENCING SOIL FORMATION

7. CLIMATE
 Soil formation will be slow in cold
environments.
 The speed of chemical reactions and
biological activities increases in higher
temperature. So the speed of soil
formation will be more in higher
temperature.

8. TOPOGRAPHY
 Slightly inclined regions are
favorable background for the
formation of the soil.
Soil will be thin along steep slopes.

9.  The acid formation as a result of the
decaying of plants and animals cause
weathering of rocks.
Ants, Worms, mice, etc. give physical help
to the formation of soil.

10.  Character of the parent rock and the rate
of weathering are the factors which
influences the formation of soil.
The minerals in the soil and the structure
of the soil depend on the rock from which
it is formed.

11. The thickness and structure of soil
depends on the time taken for its
formation.
 It requires more than hundred years
for the formation of an –inch layer of
soil in favorable conditions.

12. Different types of soil are
formed due to variations in factors
such as topography and climate.

13. INDIAN SOILS
 Forest and Mountain Soil
 Alluvial Soil
 Red and Yellow Soil
 Black Soil
 Laterite Soil
 Arid Soil

14. KERALA SOILS
 Alluvial Soil
 Laterite Soil
 Forest Soil
 Red Soil
 Black Soil

15. Soil is a natural resource.
Soil is the basic factor for the existence
of all living beings including man. So
it is our duty to conserve the precious
soil at any cost.